NO122236B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO122236B NO122236B NO156216A NO15621665A NO122236B NO 122236 B NO122236 B NO 122236B NO 156216 A NO156216 A NO 156216A NO 15621665 A NO15621665 A NO 15621665A NO 122236 B NO122236 B NO 122236B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- platinum
- layer
- bath
- platinized
- platinization
- Prior art date
Links
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- LWJROJCJINYWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L mercury dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Hg]Cl LWJROJCJINYWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002523 mercuric chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RCTYPNKXASFOBE-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloromercury Chemical compound [Hg]Cl RCTYPNKXASFOBE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002611 lead compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940100892 mercury compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002731 mercury compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 of molybdenum Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003058 platinum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SSVFCHUBLIJAMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Pt] SSVFCHUBLIJAMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/20—Repeater circuits; Relay circuits
- H04L25/205—Repeater circuits; Relay circuits using tuning forks or vibrating reeds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B43/00—Cooling beds, whether stationary or moving; Means specially associated with cooling beds, e.g. for braking work or for transferring it to or from the bed
- B21B43/10—Cooling beds with other work-shifting elements projecting through the bed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G25/00—Conveyors comprising a cyclically-moving, e.g. reciprocating, carrier or impeller which is disengaged from the load during the return part of its movement
- B65G25/04—Conveyors comprising a cyclically-moving, e.g. reciprocating, carrier or impeller which is disengaged from the load during the return part of its movement the carrier or impeller having identical forward and return paths of movement, e.g. reciprocating conveyors
- B65G25/08—Conveyors comprising a cyclically-moving, e.g. reciprocating, carrier or impeller which is disengaged from the load during the return part of its movement the carrier or impeller having identical forward and return paths of movement, e.g. reciprocating conveyors having impellers, e.g. pushers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D25/00—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled
- F25D25/04—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled by conveyors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
- F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
- F27B9/22—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace on rails, e.g. under the action of scrapers or pushers
- F27B9/225—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace on rails, e.g. under the action of scrapers or pushers the charge being subjected to an additional manipulation along the path
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/46—Filters
- H03H9/48—Coupling means therefor
- H03H9/50—Mechanical coupling means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/20—Repeater circuits; Relay circuits
- H04L25/202—Repeater circuits; Relay circuits using mechanical devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D2099/0085—Accessories
- F27D2099/0093—Means to collect ashes or dust, e.g. vessels
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Fremgangsmåte til elektrolytisk platinering av metaller. Process for electrolytic platinization of metals.
Oppfinnelsen angår en fremgangsmåte The invention relates to a method
til forholdsvis hurtig toelegning av metall-gjenstander, spesielt med molybdentråd, med et tett, godt vedhengende, rent platinalag som eventuelt kan ha en betydelig tykkelse. for relatively quick coating of metal objects, especially with molybdenum wire, with a dense, well-adherent, pure platinum layer which can possibly have a considerable thickness.
Platinering av metaller, særlig av molybden, har vist seg å være forholdsvis vanskelig, slik at man med de kjente elektro-lytiske fremgangsmåter ikke kunne få noe godt vedhengende, rent platinalag. Platination of metals, particularly of molybdenum, has proven to be relatively difficult, so that with the known electrolytic methods no well-adherent, pure platinum layer could be obtained.
Ved slike fremgangsmåter blir metall-gjenstanden anbrakt i et elektrolyttbad som inneholder en platinaforbindelse og som oftest er tilsatt et salt av et annet metall for å forhøye badets virkningsgrad. Platina utfelles da i form av et lag av platinasvart som etterpå sintres ved opphet-ning til ca. 1000° C og omdannes til platina. Derunder fordamper det medutfelte fremmede metall for den største del fra laget. Fullstendig fjernelse av slike fremmede metaller har imidlertid vist seg særlig vanskelig, spesielt når platinalaget har en betydelig tykkelse, slik at disse metaller ved anvendelse av den platinerte gjenstand i høyt vakuum og ved høy temperatur kan fordampe og derved bevirke en utfelning av metall på ikke ønskede steder. Spesielt ved gjenstander av molybden, som f. eks. kan anvendes som elektroder i senderrør, har de nevnte ulemper vist seg meget uhel-dige. De til slike bad satte metallsalter er som oftest blyforbindelser, slik at bly blir tilstede som forurensning i platinalaget. Dette bly blir nemlig under sintring av platinasvartlaget, ved ca. 1000°, ikke fjer-net fullstendig og fører derfor etterpå til de ovennevnte ulemper. Dessuten har de kjente fremgangsmåter den ulempe at virkningsgraden som regel er forholdsvis lav, slik at det tar forholdsvis lang tid før laget som skal påføres har den ønskede tykkelse. Ennvidere kan lagtykkelsen som oppnåes ved disse fremgangsmåter bare bli noen få mikron, for hvis lagene blir tyk-kere kan de fremmede metaller praktisk talt ikke fjernes lenger. In such methods, the metal object is placed in an electrolyte bath which contains a platinum compound and which most often has a salt of another metal added to increase the efficiency of the bath. Platinum is then precipitated in the form of a layer of platinum black which is then sintered by heating to approx. 1000° C and is converted into platinum. Underneath, the co-precipitated foreign metal for the most part evaporates from the layer. However, the complete removal of such foreign metals has proven to be particularly difficult, especially when the platinum layer has a significant thickness, so that when the platinized object is used in a high vacuum and at a high temperature, these metals can evaporate and thereby cause a precipitation of metal on undesired places. Especially with objects made of molybdenum, such as e.g. can be used as electrodes in transmitter tubes, the aforementioned disadvantages have proven to be very unfortunate. The metal salts added to such baths are usually lead compounds, so that lead is present as a contaminant in the platinum layer. This lead becomes during sintering of the platinum black layer, at approx. 1000°, not completely removed and therefore subsequently leads to the above-mentioned disadvantages. In addition, the known methods have the disadvantage that the efficiency is usually relatively low, so that it takes a relatively long time before the layer to be applied has the desired thickness. Furthermore, the layer thickness achieved by these methods can only be a few microns, because if the layers become thicker, the foreign metals can practically no longer be removed.
De nevnte ulemper kan unngåes fullstendig ved elektrolytisk belegning av en metallgjenstand med et platinalag under anvendelse av et platinaholdig bad, fra hvilket platina utfelles på gjenstanden i form av et lag av platinasvart som deretter sintres ved ca. 1000° C og omdannes til platina, hvis man i henhold til oppfinnelsen anbringer gjenstanden minst en gang i et bad som består av en vandig opp-løsning av 150—300 g platinklorvannstoff-syre (H^PtClu) og 1—15 g kvikksølvklorid (HgClj) pr. liter, fortrinnsvis under anvendelse av en høy strømtetthet. Det viser seg at det samtidig med platinasvart utfelte kvikksølv fordamper nesten fullstendig fra laget ved sintringen. The aforementioned disadvantages can be completely avoided by electrolytically coating a metal object with a platinum layer using a platinum-containing bath, from which platinum is precipitated on the object in the form of a layer of platinum black which is then sintered at approx. 1000° C and is converted into platinum, if, according to the invention, the object is placed at least once in a bath consisting of an aqueous solution of 150-300 g of platinum hydrochloric acid (H^PtClu) and 1-15 g of mercuric chloride ( HgClj) per litres, preferably using a high current density. It turns out that the mercury precipitated at the same time as platinum black evaporates almost completely from the layer during sintering.
Badet inneholder fortrinnsvis 240 g H-PtClo og 7 g HgCli' pr. liter og strømstyr-ken utgjør ca. 50—150 amp./dm- eller så meget som tillatelig uten at gjenstanden som skal belegges blir beskadiget. På den-ne måte er det mulig å påføre platinalag som har en vilkårlig totaltykkelse uten at laget begynner å skalle av, blir porøst eller inneholder kvikksølv eller andre fremmede metaller. Da kvikksølvforbindelsen forhøy-er badets virkningsgrad betydelig skjer ut-felningen av et lag av bestemt tykkelse forholdsvis hurtig. The bath preferably contains 240 g H-PtClo and 7 g HgCl' per liters and the current strength is approx. 50-150 amp./dm - or as much as is permissible without damaging the object to be coated. In this way, it is possible to apply a platinum layer which has an arbitrary total thickness without the layer starting to peel off, becoming porous or containing mercury or other foreign metals. As the mercury compound increases the efficiency of the bath significantly, the precipitation of a layer of a certain thickness takes place relatively quickly.
Det har for frembringelse av et tykt lag vist seg særlig fordelaktig å påføre flere tynne platinalag på hverandre, slik at gjenstanden altså blir elektrolytisk be-lagt og opphetet flere ganger. Særlig når det gjelder molybden er det av viktighet at det første lag velgeis meget tynt (f. eks. 0,5 til 0,7 |x), da det ellers er fare for at laget oppviser risser etter sintringen. På dette første lag kan det så anbringes et annet, tykt lag. In order to produce a thick layer, it has proved particularly advantageous to apply several thin platinum layers on top of each other, so that the object is thus electrolytically coated and heated several times. Especially when it comes to molybdenum, it is important that the first layer is chosen very thin (e.g. 0.5 to 0.7 |x), as otherwise there is a risk of the layer showing cracks after sintering. A second, thick layer can then be placed on top of this first layer.
Oppfinnelsen skal forklares nærmere i forbindelse med et utførelseseksempel. The invention shall be explained in more detail in connection with an exemplary embodiment.
En molybdentråd som har en tykkelse av 175 (.i blir med en hastighet av 20— 120 meter pr. time, alt etter hvor tykt lag som skal påføres — ført gjennom et elektrolyttbad som har den ovennevnte sam-mensetning. Tråden går inn i en lengde av 30 cm gjennom badet og den elektriske strømstyrke er 1,5 amp. og den negative pol er forbundet med tråden. Ved en gjen-nomløpshastighet på 120 meter pr. time blir tykkelsen av det platinalag som fåes etter sintringen ved 1000° 0,5—0,7 \ i. Det har vist seg mulig å påføre ytterligere lag på dette første lag, inntil en samlet tykkelse på 10 [.i. Et sådant av to rør eller flere tynne lag oppbygget platinalag kan praktisk talt består av rent platina, har en tett struktur og ingen tilbøyelighet til å skalle av. Oppfinnelsen beror altså på den egenskap hos kvikksølv at det forhøyer badets virkningsgrad betydelig, kombinert med kvikksølvets forholdsvis store flyktighet. En slik plati-nert moybdenrtåd egner seg særlig for fremstilling av gittere for senderrør. A molybdenum wire having a thickness of 175 (.i) is passed through an electrolyte bath having the above-mentioned composition at a speed of 20-120 meters per hour, depending on how thick a layer is to be applied. The wire enters a length of 30 cm through the bath and the electric current strength is 1.5 amp. and the negative pole is connected to the wire. At a recirculation speed of 120 meters per hour, the thickness of the platinum layer obtained after sintering at 1000° is 0, 5—0.7 \ in. It has been found possible to apply further layers to this first layer, up to a total thickness of 10 [.in. Such a platinum layer made up of two tubes or several thin layers can practically consist of pure platinum , has a dense structure and no tendency to peel off. The invention is therefore based on the property of mercury that it significantly increases the efficiency of the bath, combined with mercury's relatively high volatility. Such platinized moybden wire is particularly suitable for the production of grids for transmitter tubes .
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR965908A FR1399600A (en) | 1964-03-03 | 1964-03-03 | Advance devices with successive rotations of the material to be treated in thermal appliances, refrigerators, ovens, dryers, ovens and the like |
FR973464A FR85692E (en) | 1964-03-03 | 1964-05-06 | Advancement devices with successive rotations of the material to be treated in thermal appliances, refrigerators, ovens, dryers, ovens and the like |
FR973940A FR85724E (en) | 1964-03-03 | 1964-05-11 | Advancement devices with successive rotations of the material to be treated in thermal appliances, refrigerators, ovens, dryers, ovens and the like |
FR974792A FR85749E (en) | 1964-03-03 | 1964-05-15 | Advancement devices with successive rotations of the material to be treated in thermal appliances, refrigerators, ovens, dryers, ovens and the like |
FR979448A FR1407777A (en) | 1964-06-24 | 1964-06-24 | Advancement devices with successive rotations of the material to be treated in thermal appliances, refrigerators, ovens, dryers, ovens and the like |
FR996720A FR90955E (en) | 1964-06-24 | 1964-11-28 | Advancement devices with successive rotations of the material to be treated in thermal appliances, refrigerators, ovens, dryers, ovens and the like |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO122236B true NO122236B (en) | 1971-06-01 |
Family
ID=27546256
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO156216A NO122236B (en) | 1964-03-03 | 1965-01-05 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (2) | BE659947A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1431657B2 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1087706A (en) |
LU (1) | LU48088A1 (en) |
NL (2) | NL6501677A (en) |
NO (1) | NO122236B (en) |
SE (1) | SE315618B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102014008767A1 (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2015-12-17 | Audi Ag | Process system for processing a component |
-
0
- BE BE483969D patent/BE483969A/xx unknown
- NL NL133612D patent/NL133612C/xx active
-
1965
- 1965-01-05 NO NO156216A patent/NO122236B/no unknown
- 1965-01-23 SE SE927/65A patent/SE315618B/xx unknown
- 1965-02-11 NL NL6501677A patent/NL6501677A/xx unknown
- 1965-02-19 BE BE659947D patent/BE659947A/xx unknown
- 1965-02-26 LU LU48088A patent/LU48088A1/xx unknown
- 1965-02-26 DE DE19651431657 patent/DE1431657B2/en active Pending
- 1965-03-22 GB GB12009/65A patent/GB1087706A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL133612C (en) | |
DE1431657A1 (en) | 1969-03-20 |
SE315618B (en) | 1969-10-06 |
GB1087706A (en) | 1967-10-18 |
DE1431657B2 (en) | 1970-01-22 |
NL6501677A (en) | 1965-09-06 |
BE483969A (en) | |
BE659947A (en) | 1965-06-16 |
LU48088A1 (en) | 1965-04-26 |
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