NL7906057A - PROCESS FOR PREPARING AN AEROSOL. - Google Patents

Description

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Chemsico, Inc., of St. Louis, Missouri, USA. America

Method for preparing an aerosol.

To date, there have been innumerable unsuccessful attempts to develop an aerosol emulsion to provide a continuous, continuous film or coating both for decorative and protective purposes, such as with paints, 5 different types of varnishes, lubricants, etc. , done, in which water is the continuous or external phase. According to the current knowledge, oil-in-water emulsions appear to be unsuitable for such a purpose, since they yield foams, which in principle are of two types, namely the conventional foams, such as to obtain shaving foams and the spray foams. used in cleaning windows, starch spray products, detergents for bathtubs and ovens and similar products. It will be understood, however, that such foams are physically very different from a constant, continuous film, since they are extremely porous in formed geometric structures determined by the surfactant employed and are therefore unsuitable for film formation.

Likewise, water-in-oil aerosol emulsions in which oil forms the continuous phase and water the dispersed phase have been found to be equally unsuitable for obtaining a thin, unbroken film, which emulsions are used to obtain non foaming sprayable products, such as deodorants for rooms and other spaces where a mist-like distribution in a room or volume is intended. Thus, no type of emulsion has been found to be suitable for aerosolization to provide a continuous coating on a given surface to be treated and especially with respect to aqueous active ingredients.

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The fact that aerosols are not currently used with water-based coatings, such as latex paints, has long been a particular problem. In the current technology, aerosols with which a smooth varnish or film is to be obtained by spraying, such as paints, silicones, etc., use solvents other than water as the carrier. Examples of such solvents are hydrocarbons, such as aromatic, aliphatic, chlorinated and fluorinated hydrocarbons, etc., in which usually the propellant is generally soluble in such solvents and can be considered chemically as part of the solvent active mixture. Thus, one has necessarily resorted to a single-phase system or solution in which the active ingredient, such as an oil-based paint, is dissolved in a suitable solvent that is not water, especially a wide range of compatible organic solvents. . However, the use of such solvents or carriers has entailed the associated dangers, such as, for example, the high risk that the aerosol paint will be extremely flammable due to the solvent absorbed, while most of the commercially used and 2D available solvents will have low thresholds enhanced by the sputtering process of the selected aerosol. In addition, most of these solvents have undesirable ecological consequences in that they involve further depletion of the fossil fuel reserves, while also being uneconomic in view of the continued increase in costs thereof. In addition, these solvents are always an unpleasant and; even cause very unpleasant odor.

Consequently, hitherto no methods exist for converting agents to provide a continuous film into aerosols using water as a solvent, so that water-based paints, including coatings or lacquers, must be by methods other than aerosols since the use of emulsions or single-phase systems has proven to be effective.

35 Therefore, efforts have continuously been made to solve this problem, which would have eliminated £ 7906057 ~ 3%, since it would have directly eliminated the recognized and only dire accepted dangers of using aerosol systems for, inter alia, oil-based paints.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a water-based aerosol preparation which can provide a continuous, continuous film and which involves all the various hazards associated with the incorporation of the aerosol components into the organic solvent or carriers used. avoided.

Another object of the invention is to provide a composition of the nature described above which is capable of forming a continuous film from a wide variety of film coatings, such as water-based paints, lubricants, sealants, mold-removing agents , protective coatings, waxes, etc.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a formulation having the aforementioned properties which provides a continuous film, distinguished from the foams and sprayable products, which have been used up to au by converting emulsions into an aerosol which do not give rise corrosion, which are in principle non-flammable or toxic, so that a restriction on use is removed and a large degree of application possibilities, hitherto unknown in the aerosol field, are obtained.

Yet another aspect of the invention is to provide a composition of the type described above which can be stored almost indefinitely, only requiring the composition to be stirred or agitated for each application, regardless of the elapsed time period for applying.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a composition with the aforementioned properties which can be prepared in the most economical manner, with no need to use complex equipment and equipment and equipment for preparation to suffice by the known production methods, the preparation can be placed in separate containers and subjected to the action of a recommended propellant with the current commonly used devices.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a composition having the above-described properties which can be used extremely effectively and which exhibits a remarkable versatility in suitability to use an extremely wide range of various film-forming agents which preparation can be most economically prepared and sold. In addition, the films obtained are strong and durable and resistant to breakage and abrasion, etc., in the normal, intended use of the respective film.

The invention thus relates to the development of an aerosol preparation which differs in its physical and chemical properties from the usual aerosol emulsions as well as from the single-phase solutions which have hitherto been used for the formation of films by painting on oil base etc. are applied. The preparation according to the invention generally comprises immiscible phases, one of which can be regarded as an aqueous phase and the other as a phase with the active ingredient, which phases are usually sharply defined, strongly different and separated. The active ingredient of the phase containing the active ingredient provides the film or coating form, which phase also includes a liquefied propellant or a compressed gaseous propellant, or a mixture thereof, together with a conventional solvent suitable for controlling contains the evaporation rate of the propellant. However, also critically, the phase containing the active ingredient e contains a predetermined amount of what may be called a dispersant, which is soluble in both phases, although to different degrees.

Thus, the preparation according to the invention will not be homogenized in a normal state, the two phases being sharply separated. The separation will visually resemble "creaming" as it occurs with different types of emulsions.

When the preparation according to the invention is to be 7906057 5

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used immediately before application, it is stirred or shaken and applied almost immediately thereafter, the material applied being a temporary mixture. Upon application, the composition will form a continuous film on the affected surface, which film will not be interrupted by any opening, pore, or geometric shape, so that a coating of the desired thickness is obtained and completely continuous. As mentioned above, the invention has been found to be very successful with water-based paints, as well as with numerous other film-forming agents, it being noted that none of these have hitherto been deposited as aerosols.

Although the components of the compositions of the invention will be discussed in more detail below, attention is already being drawn to the only dispersant critical to the development of the aerosol compositions of the invention.

Namely, it has been found that cocodiethanolamide, which has hitherto been used as an emulsifier, particularly when used in a certain proportion in the two-phase system according to the invention, has surprising and unexpected properties. (A composition of this compound effective in the invention is a commercial amber liquid with a freezing point of about 6 ° C and a specific gravity at 25 ° C of 0.99. The free or unreacted -ferred fatty acid, such as lauric acid, is at most 3-b% and the pH of a 1% dispersion is between 8 and 9. This compound has been reported to be soluble in alcohols, glycols, ketones, esters, aromatics and aliphatic hydrocarbons and chlorinated solvents, while also being dispersible in a concentration of 1 to 2% in water, it has also been reported to become soluble in higher concentrations and a 10 # solution is very viscous and becomes about a gel ).

It has also been found that when using coco-diethanolamide in an amount of about 0.5 / 5 the weight of the system or preparation will react with the aqueous phase and the phase of the active ingredient and give rise to the formation of which is generally considered to be an unstable emulsion, that is to say an emulsion in which the phases tend to separate, but which emulsion can be brought to a relatively stable state by stirring or shaking . When spraying this emulsion, the phases separate and the emulsion breaks down into the components.

5 will not give a continuous film with the active ingredient, but will give a film which is highly irregular and discontinuous, corresponding to the results obtained so far when water-based solvents were used in an aerosol form.

If the amount of cocodiethanolamide was increased to a range immediately above 0.5%, to about 2.5% by weight, a stable emulsion is obtained and the cocodiethanolamide thus functions as an emulsifying agent as expected, as in a water-in-oil emulsion, so that when using such a preparation a discontinuous, broken film is obtained, despite the fact that the emulsion is stable. In the usual, normal state, the emulsion has the visual appearance of a homogeneous, pasty character, consistent with the fact that it is considered stable. The foregoing thus underlines the fact that the aforementioned amount of cocodiethanolamide used with the active ingredients of the compositions of the invention serves as its emulsifying agent in its characteristic function, the film obtained with these compositions being, as expected, of a discontinuous character.

However, if the amount of cocodiethanolamide is increased above 2.5% by weight, for example between 2.5 and 10% by weight, the preparation loses its stable properties, so that immediately a separation takes place and, at first glance, an apparent similarity. with the unstable emulsion which contains 0.5 wt. cocodiethanolamide as described above. Despite any visual similarity of the phase separations of the unstable emulsion and the composition incorporating more than 2.5% by weight cocodiethanolamide, such generally similar phases are completely different both chemically and physically. It is believed that the preparation with the greater amount of cocodiethanolamide has become a dispersion in which the immiscibility of the two phases is sharply defined. In order to describe the following 7906057

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7, these preparations will hereinafter be referred to as dispersion, which should not, however, be construed as limiting. Shaking or stirring prior to application of the preparations Only terrorizes the phases temporarily, so that when used the dispersion properties are controlling, distinguishing from the emulsion properties that would predominate at a cocodiethanolamide percentage of 2 1.5% or less The formation of a continuous film is promoted by the dispersion, distinguished from the discontinuous character when using an emulsion.

As will be explained in more detail below, I have recommended that the effective range of cocodiethanolamide for the aerosol compositions of the invention range from 2.5 to 3.5% by weight.

However, the tests have shown that additional amounts up to 10% by weight do not cause damage to the character and quality of the film obtained. Above 10% by weight, however, it has been found that the applied coating layers obtain an undesired thickness, generally with a bulge-like character, so that a continuous, continuous film can no longer be obtained above such a limit.

This important, surprising effect caused by cocodiethanolamide is all the more apparent when one realizes that the use of emulsifiers in emulsions causes a predictable reaction. While it is numerous factors that contribute to the relative stability or in-stability of a given emulsion, generally, if an amount of emulsifier less than a certain amount is used, the emulsion in question will be in an unstable state, the phases are separated. As soon as the emulsifier is added, the emulsion becomes relatively stable, the phases mixing into a mixture with a homogeneous appearance, after which further addition of the emulsifier generally no longer influences the stability of the emulsion. In the process of the invention, however, the further addition of cocodiethanolamide above about 2.5 weight percent of the system causes the loss of the initial stability present, whereas, on the other hand, the further addition of cocodiethanolamide would be expected to be without consequence. As mentioned above, this extraordinary 7906057 'and surprising effect of this special agent supports the view that the system is no longer an emulsion with all possible known properties of an emulsion, but becomes a dispersion, whereby coco diethanolamide clearly ceases to act as an emulsifier. This shows the importance of this agent for preparations formed according to the present invention.

It is noted that despite extensive investigations, no other compound with the required properties has been found.

The active ingredients which are particularly suitable for inclusion in the aerosol compositions of the invention are water insoluble and include the active phase of water based paints commonly referred to as latex paints such as, for example, acrylic emulsions, vinyl emulsions, vinyl copolymer acetate emulsions, alkyd emulsions and polyurethane emulsions, mold-facilitating agents and lubricants, such as, for example, silicones, namely, alkyd polysiloxanes and polyorganosiloxanes, lecithin and other soy derivatives or animal fat derivatives , stearates, telefluoromers, such as Teflon, as well as synthetic lubricants, such as butoxylated and ethoxylated glycols, as well as polybutene used as coating for conveyor belts, etc. and various conventional greases, such as lithium stearate, calcium stearate, petrolatum, aluminum naphthenate and corresponding compounds for use as coating Strokes with a lubricating effect. In addition, mineral seal oil, both as a penetrating oil and as a lubricant, as well as petroleum-based hydrocarbon oils and synthetic oils are suitable for inclusion in the compositions of the invention. Another group of active ingredients formed was the waxes, including animal waxes, such as bees "and stearic acid, vegetable waxes, such as carnauba, bayberry and candelilla, as well as various artificial or synthetic waxes obtained by distillation of paraffin-based petroleum. it should be noted that the aforementioned types and examples of active ingredients for the aerosol preparations according to the invention are not exhaustive, but only give an indication of the wide variety of 35 compounds which, as a result of the special character of the 79.0 6 0 5 7 · ¾ * 9 rinsing as water-based systems can be converted into an aerosol, whereby a continuous film can be obtained, which, as has already been stated above, has hitherto been considered impossible via such an aerosol. the type where the intended application or purpose requires an uninterrupted coating.

The variety of treatments is limitless if one realizes that such preparations can cause: lubrication, mold removal, bonding and bonding, sealing, water spraying, wax coating, polymer coatings such as for floors and corresponding surfaces, to obtain inks and dyes, of asphalt undercoats, polyurethane coatings and paints.

The propellants concerned which can be used in the aerosol compositions of the invention are of common types, namely liquefied propellants, such as hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons, such as fluorocarbons and mixtures thereof, or compressed gases or mixtures of liquefied and compressed gasses. The choice of propellant to be used depends on the desired properties related to evaporation rate, solubility, economy, pressure and safety. The known Fluorocarbon 12 and Fluorocarbon 11¼ propellants are examples of equally useful halogenated hydrocarbon propellants. Generally, the hydrocarbon propellants are petroleum-based liquefied gases, such as propane, butane and isobutane, which are more common today than the halogenated hydrocarbons because of potential environmental contamination.

Compressed gases as propellants, such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, nitrogen oxides and dimethyl ether, can also be used in the same manner as in other aerosol formulations, but natural considerations must be taken into account, such as the stability and pressure requirements for stability. chosen application.

It will be understood that the choice of propellant in the compositions of the invention is dictated by the same considerations as in the conventional aerosol formulations, so a particular propellant is not part of the invention.

In order to suitably control the properties of the selected propellant, a wide range of propellant organic solvents are used, also in accordance with known technology. Such solvents are used to control the evaporation rate of the propellant, thereby avoiding breakage of the applied layer, which evaporation rate can also be controlled by selecting a combination of solvents that will dry simultaneously with the active ingredients. Examples of such solvents are those which have hitherto been widely used in the aerosol field, such as aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene, toluene, xylene, commercially available solvents with a flash point between 100 and 150 ° C, aliphatic solvents and aliphatic petroleum naphtha * s, such as heptane, hexane, kerosene, lacquer diluents, naphthol spirits, mineral seal oil, la gasolines, colorless lacquer gasolines, deodorized kerosene, pentane, petroleum ether, Stoddard solvent, textile spirits, VM&P naphtha, isop hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof.

Others ......

A common group of auxiliary solvents are the chlorinated hydrocarbons, of which tetrachloro carbon, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, methylene chloride and perchlorethylene are widely used.

In addition to the foregoing, which is not intended to provide an exhaustive list of suitable cosolvents, mention may also be made of tetrahydrofuran and 2-nitropropane.

As mentioned above and as the chemistry involved implies, the choice of the solvent is made in accordance with known considerations, as indicated above, the control of the evaporation rate, compatibility with the respective active ingredient, etc. Furthermore, it will be clear that such solvents may be mixed together to obtain a desired property. For example, a mixture of heptane and hexane is an example of this, because a mixture of these dries slightly slower than hexane alone, but faster than that heptane would be used alone.

The selection of an auxiliary solvent is dictated by the same general considerations as in the field of aerosols 5, and thus it can also be said that a particular auxiliary solvent is not in itself part of the invention.

Aerosol preparations having the properties of the invention have the following general composition, using liquefied propellants, namely hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons *.

weight percent active ingredient about 0.155 to 50% propellant about 5% to 30% di-sparing agent cocodiethanolamide 2.555 to 10% co-solvent 10% to 25% water about 11% to 7055

In those formulations in which a compressed gas is the propellant, the general composition will be as follows: 2% w / w active ingredient about 0.1% to about 50% propellant 2% to 5% dispersant: cocodiethanolamide 2.5% to 10 % 25 co-solvent 1 055 to 25% water about 30% to 73%

In those compositions in which the propellant is formed by a combination of liquefied and compressed gases, the general composition will be: 30 79 6 6 0 5 7 35 «12% by weight of active ingredient about 0.1 $ to about 50 $ propellant: liquid made $ 2 to $ 30 gaseous $ 0.1 to $ 5 di barrier agent: cocodiethanolamide $ 2.5 to $ 10 co-solvent $ 10 to $ 25 water about $ 10 to $ 75

The use of these preparations will become clearer after taking note of the studies of the specific compositions listed below. However, it is pointed out that the range of amounts of cocodiethanolamide to be used is fully defined, as already indicated above, and that the amounts of the propellant and the auxiliary solvents will therefore also fall within certain limits. This is also the case with the solvents. For example, solvents in an amount less than 10% by weight do not have the ability to function effectively with the propellant, while amounts above 25% by weight also have an adverse effect on the action of the propellant and also increase the potential fire hazard. An assessment of the ... relative size ranges for the amount of water and the active ingredient becomes more apparent when one considers these two components together so that together they average about 70 or a little more weight percent of the entire system in which liquefied propellants will be used.

In systems where a compressed gas is used, the combination of water and active ingredients together will make up to 85% by weight of the system.

Example I

An aerosol formulation was prepared to obtain a continuous paint coating from the following ingredients: 7906057 -% w / w% 13 active ingredient latex paint ^ 9.9 $ propellant 5 T0 $ isobutane / 30 $ propane 20 $ dispersant cocodiethanolamide 2 .8 $ cosolvent isoparaffinic hydrocarbon 16 $ 10 more 11.3 $

The above composition is generally useful with all known water-based paints. This shows that 61.2% by weight of this composition consists of water and the water-based paint, thereby obtaining the appropriate viscosity and coating properties essential for a suitable continuous continuous varnish. The isoparaffinic hydrocarbon is relatively colorless and evaporates at a temperature that will not tear the coating upon evaporation. A special commercially available preparation of this solvent is Isopar L from Exxon Corporation. As already mentioned above, a mixture of isobutane and propane provides a suitable pressure for use of the compositions according to the invention, but, as will be clear, other propellants are equally effective, such as Fluorocarbon 12 and mixtures of Fluorocarbons 12 and 11U and other resources. Nevertheless, this unique composition permits obtaining a continuous film of the desired thickness, which has hitherto not been possible in the aerosol field.

Example II (a) 30 Following is the composition of an aerosol composition of the invention which can be used in the field of removal after molding: '79 0 60 5 7 '"" · · - - "" 35 ψ . *

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weight barrier active ingredient alkyl polysiloxane h% propellant 5 10% isobutane / 30 $ propane 20% di barrier agent cocodiethanolamide 3% cosolvent isoparaffinic hydrocarbon 20% 10 water 53¾

This formulation is an example of a paintable silicone formulation for removal from molds in which the active ingredient, although apparently making up only a small percentage of the formulation, with the water present is a continuous film 15 to promote easy mold release on both sides components. It is important to note here that the isoparaffinic hydrocarbon in this formulation may be of the type that promotes a greater or faster evaporation rate and that a commercial form thereof is the product Isopar C, of the Exxon Corporation.

As an example of the range of propellants and solvents that can be used in the compositions of the invention, a corresponding silicone composition for promoting mold release may contain the indicated amounts of the following ingredients: weight percent active ingredient dimethylpolysiloxane 2.5¾ propellant 30 carbon dioxide k% di barrier agent cocodiethanolamide 3% co-solvent hexane 20% 35 water 70.5¾ 79 0 6 0 5 7 '' - '- --·' £ 15

In this special preparation, the propellant is a compressed gas, in this case carbon dioxide. The foregoing thus demonstrates the effectiveness of the compositions of the invention in which either a liquefied propellant or a compressed gas is used as the propellant.

Example Ufo)

In the previous example, mold release preparations have been described, where silicone is the active ingredient. However, in the invention, mold release promoters other than silicone can be used. An example of such a composition is: weight percent 15 active ingredient lecithin 2.5 # propellant dichlorodifluoromethane 20 # dispersant 20 cocodiethanolamide 3% auxiliary solvent varnish gasoline 15% water 59.5 # 25 Another example of such preparation is: weight percent active component lecithin 2.5 # propellant 30 difluoroethane 5.0 # cocodiethanolamide dispersant 3 # hulno ploid chloroethene 15% 35 barrel 59.5 # pressure reducer n-butane _ 15 # 7006057 16

The use of a pressure-reducing agent, in this case n-butane, has been described above in order to obtain a final pressure within a suitable range, in view of the unusually high pressure of di-fluoroethane. If necessary, the usual hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons can be used together with pressure-reducing agents.

Example III

The invention is also suitable for preparing an aerosol convertible silicone lubricant which provides the desired finish or film on the surface to be treated. An example of such a preparation is: weight percent active ingredient dimethylpolysiloxane 0.1 # propellant 70 # isobutane / 30 # propane 20 # dispersant 20 cocodiethanolamide 3 # auxiliary isoparaffinic hydrocarbon 20 # water 56.9 # 25 Another related preparation for supply The definition of a silicone film for lubrication purposes and in particular for renewal or refurbishment of conveyor belts is: 30 35 790605? weight barrier 17 active component dimethylpolysiloxane 2 $ propellant 5 propane 15 $ dimethyl ether 5 $ dispersant cocodiethanolamide 2.5 $ auxiliary solvent 1 o methylene chloride 15.1 $ kerosene 8.2 $ water 52.5 $

Such a preparation is also important because it includes the inclusion of a mixture of propellants, namely propane and dimethyl ether, as well as a mixture of auxiliary solvents, namely methylene chloride and kerosene, preferably after removal of the odor, which are to obtain the desired drying time and avoid an unpleasant odor.

20 Yet another formulation useful for providing a silicone film for lubrication purposes in which the propellant is a combination of liquefied and compressed gases is the following: weight percent 25 active ingredient dimethylpolysiloxane 5 $ propellant liquefied: propane 5 $ gaseous: carbon dioxide 1 $ 30 dispersant cocodiethanolamide 2.5 $ cosolvent isoparaffinic hydrocarbon 20 $ water 66.5 $ 35 7906057 · '· **. * ... \ 18

Example IV

The preparation described in this example mainly illustrates the amounts of the ingredients used to obtain a continuous film, such as for coating belts of different types, such as conveyor belts and transfer belts, etc.: weight percent active ingredient 10 polybutene 10¾ propellant 70% isobutane / 30 $ propane 20¾ dispersant cocodiethanolamide 3% 15 co-solvent isoparaffinic hydrocarbon 20% water k7%

Example V

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As will be described hereinafter, aerosol compositions of the invention are also quite suitable for providing a continuous film or grease or grease layer for lubricating a preselected surface, further illustrating the uniqueness of the invention and that by conversion of water-based systems of a surface coating agent through an aerosol has hitherto not been considered possible. An example of such a preparation is: weighted active ingredient lithium lubricant 10¾ 30 propellant 60¾ Fluorocarbon 12 ^ 0¾ Fluorocarbon 11¼ 30¾ di cocodiethanolamide 3¾ 7906057 35 19% by weight

co-solvent "" "L

505? hexane 50% heptane 10% water k "J% 5

Example VI

The compositions of the invention are also suitable for use as a penetrating agent which expels water and which will give a continuous film; an example of such a preparation is: weight barrier active ingredient mineral sealant oil 10% 15 colloxal graphite dispersion 0.55?

the monobutyl ether of ethylene glycol 1JS

propellant isobutane 20% dispersant 20 cocodiethanolamide 3% auxiliary solvent colorless varnish gasoline 105? water 55.5% In this example, the active ingredient consists of a mixture of certain ingredients in order to impart properties to the composition which are aimed at a special application, demonstrating the versatility of the invention.

Example VII

Another formulation which provides such development is a formulation in which a wax can be aerosolized and thus provides the necessary, uninterrupted finish on the surface in a convenient yet completely effective manner.

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The use of washing products for the preservation and protection of various surfaces is known, in which all types of surfaces are. of metal, wood, leather, etc. can be treated. An example of such a preparation is: 5 weight percent active ingredient paraffin wax 5 $ propellant 70 $ isobutane / 30 $ propane 20 $ 10 dispersant cocodiethanolamide 2.5 $ co-solvent an isoparaffinic hydrocarbon 15 $ water 57.5 $ 15

Yet another preparation is: weight percent active ingredient paraffin wax 5 $ 20 propellant liquefied: isobutane 5 $ gaseous: carbon dioxide 2 $ di barrier agent cocodiethanolamide 2.5 $ 25 auxiliary solvent varnish gasoline .. 20 $ water 65.5 $

Other examples of the wide range of waxes that can be used to obtain the film of the invention are shown in these examples.

Yet another type of composition in which a wax forms the active ingredient as in a composition commonly referred to as a polish for table tops, for example, is: 35 7906057 weight percent «* · 21 active ingredient

Carnaubavas Emulsion 50 $ Propellant 5 Nitric Oxide Dispersant Cocodiethanolamide 3.5 $ Auxiliary Solvent Acetone 12.5 $ 10 Vater 30 $

This special composition also permits the use of the compressed gas nitrogen oxide as a propellant.

Example VIII

Yet another preparation illustrating the use of a propellant consisting of a combination of liquefied and compressed gases within the scope of the present invention is: weight percent active ingredient an ethoxylated linear alcohol 2.5 $ propellant liquid made: propane 2.0 $ gaseous: nitrogen 0.1 $ dispersant cocodiethanolamide 3 $ auxiliary solvent 30 gasoline 20 $ vater 72, k%

This example illustrates the adaptability of the compositions of the invention for use with detergents and detergents since the previously defined 7906057. * * '^ ^ _ ···,. 22 preparation is particularly useful for cleaning the white sides of the tires of, inter alia, automobiles.

Example IX 5

The compositions of the invention have also been found to be very useful in caulking with stripping *, which illustrates the remarkable versatility of the compositions of the invention. A preparation of the following composition is an example of this: weight barrier active ingredient latex filler k0% propellant 15 liquefied: isobutane 30 # gaseous: nitrogen oxide \% dispersant cocodiethanolamide 3% cosolvent 20 an isoparaffinic hydrocarbon 20 # water 11 #

In studying the above compositions, it will be noted that there are no indications therein for including conventional preservatives and anti-corrosion agents; however, customary considerations will apply to the use of these agents and will be with commonly employed techniques.

The foregoing compositions are for demonstrating the wide variety of active ingredients that can be incorporated into the compositions of the invention to provide a continuous film. It will be appreciated that all of the various propellants and cosolvents mentioned above as examples are as effective as the corresponding ingredients listed in the specific examples, which reduces the effectiveness of the compositions. according to the invention for many purposes.

Further attention is drawn to the fact that in most of the foregoing preparations the most commonly used propellants are hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons. Compressed gas propellants, as shown, are also useful in the compositions of the invention, the selectivity of which is based on conventional considerations. Effective levels for nitrogen were found to be about 9.5 kg / cm (about 10%) and for carbon dioxide about h, 5-7.3 kg / cm (about 2.5-5%). Although nitrogen is entirely satisfactory, this has only a limited application, because its pressure conditions are too great for commercially available containers, carbon dioxide will be the propellant to be chosen, if a stability test in any application shows that no carbonic acid is formed. As previously indicated, the propellants used in the invention may consist of mixtures of liquefied and compressed gases, which are also effective and often more economical.

The preparation of the aerosol preparations according to the invention can be carried out in the simplest of ways, according to known methods, whereby all steps can be carried out under normal ambient conditions, thereby avoiding the necessity of applying environmental conditions.

According to such a method, first the phase containing the active ingredient is prepared by incorporating the respective ingredient in the indicated amount in the chosen cosolvent and the required amount of cocodiethanolamide. Then this phase is stirred or shaken until a solution is obtained. Then, while continuously stirring or shaking, the prescribed amount of water is mixed in and the stirring is continued to mix the phases. Finally, according to the usual technique, a container is filled with this mixture, which is stirred or shaken until the moment of filling. Almost immediately after cessation of stirring or shaking, the water phase and the phase of the active ingredient 7906057 'V β »2k part will separate and remain in such a separated state, until subsequent stirring or shaking, immediately before application. Thus, the process for preparing any of the numerous compositions which are part of the invention can be performed economically and is fully suitable for preparing large volumes and is done entirely according to current practice, so that complex and expensive equipment and it is not necessary to observe conditions with regard to narrow tolerances.

Immediately before the intended application, the container 10 of the respective preparation is shaken or stirred by hand by the user, whereby a temporary mixture of the two phases is obtained, which in principle is a rapid or at most temporary dispersion, in which state the contents is removed from the holder. When the container is emptied continuously, the phases immediately separate again in the normal, in principle two-phase state and remain therein until content is again removed from the container. The storage time of the aerosol preparations according to the invention is thus extremely long, since the mixing and separating cycle as obtained on application and non-application does not adversely affect the components and phases, so that regardless of the time course a continuous film as intended by the invention, is assured.

7906057

Claims (23)

A method for preparing an aerosol preparation, characterized in that an aerosol preparation is prepared which contains one or a number of active ingredients, a propellant, an auxiliary solvent compatible with this propellant, water and cocodiethanolamide as a dispersant. . 2. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that 2.5-10 wt.%, Based on the preparation, of cocodiethanolamide is used. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an active ingredient which is insoluble in water is used. b. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a liquefied hydrocarbon and / or halogenated carbon compound or hydrocarbon compound, a compressed gas or a mixture of a liquefied and compressed gas is used as propellant. 5. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a preparation is prepared which contains a water-insoluble active ingredient, a liquefied hydrocarbon and / or a halogenated carbon compound or a hydrocarbon compound as propellant, an organic auxiliary solvent which is compatible with this propellant, water and 2.5-10 $, based on the weight of the preparation, contains cocodiethanolamide. 6. Process according to claim 5, characterized in that a preparation is prepared which contains about 5-30%, based on the weight of the preparation, of a propellant. 7. Process according to claim 6, characterized in that a preparation is prepared which contains about 10 to 25%, based on the weight of the preparation, of an auxiliary solvent. 8. Process according to claim 7, characterized in that a preparation is prepared which contains approximately more than 50%, relative to the weight of the preparation, of the active ingredient and water together. • The method according to any of the preceding claims, 7906051 with characterized in that the active phase of a water-based paint, wax, grease, silicone, alkyl polysiloxane, polyorganosiloxane, polybutene, petroleum-based hydrocarbon oil and / or a synthetic oil is used as an active ingredient in an amount between about 0.1 and 50 $, based on the weight of the preparation. 10. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular claim 9, characterized in that a preparation is prepared which contains about 10 to 70%, based on the preparation, of water. 11. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular claim 10, characterized in that a preparation is prepared which contains about 10 to 25%, based on the weight of the preparation, of an organic auxiliary solvent. 12. A process according to any one of the preceding claims for preparing an aerosol formulation in the form of a dispersion, characterized in that a formulation is prepared which comprises: weight of active ingredient insoluble in water about 0.1 $ to 50 $ Propellant - a liquefied hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon or a mixture thereof about $ 5 to $ 30 - dispersant - cocodiethanol amide 2.5% to $ 10 organic auxiliary solvent about $ 10 to $ 25. water contains about 11 $ to 70 $. 13. A process according to claim 12, characterized in that an aromatic hydrocarbon, an aliphatic hydrocarbon, an aliphatic petroleum naphtha, an isoparaffinic hydrocarbon, a chlorinated hydrocarbon, or a mixture thereof, as organic. auxiliary solvent used, 1¼. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular claims 12 and 13, characterized in that a paint, wax, fat, alkyl polysiloxane, polyorganosilioxane, polybutene, a hydrocarbon oil on a petroleum basis and / or a synthetic oil are active 35 component. 790805? . 4ft. β » 15. A method according to any one of the preceding claims for preparing an aerosol preparation in the form of a dispersion, characterized in that a preparation is prepared comprising: weight percent of an active ingredient insoluble in water about 0.1 to about 50 $ propellant - compressed gas $ 2 to $ 5 dispersant - coeodiethanol amide $ 2.5 to $ 10 organic co-solvent $ 10 to $ 25 water contains about $ 30 to $ 73. 16. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular claim 15, characterized in that nitrogen, nitrogen oxide, carbon dioxide and / or dimethyl ether are used as the compressed gas propellant. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular claims 15 and 16, characterized in that an aromatic hydrocarbon, aliphatic hydrocarbon, aliphatic petroleum naphtha, isoparaffinic hydrocarbon, chlorinated hydrocarbon. or a mixture thereof, used as an organic cosolvent. A method according to any one of the preceding claims. ". for preparing a preparation in the form of a dispersion, characterized in that a preparation is prepared comprising a water phase and a phase of an active ingredient, which are normally separated, a dispersant containing cocodiethanolamide, which is both soluble phases, with 2.5-10%, by weight of the composition, of the dispersant, about 0.1 - 50%, by weight of the composition, of the phase containing the active ingredient contains, 2-5 $, notwithstanding the weight of the prenarate, 30. of the compressed gas propellant and 10-25%, by weight of the composition, of an organic co-solvent for this propellant. 19. A method according to any one of the preceding claims for preparing a preparation in the form of a dispersion, characterized in that a preparation is prepared which contains an aqueous phase and a 7906057 * phase containing the active ingredient, which are normally separated and a dispersant containing cocodiethanolamide, which is soluble in both phases, preparing 2.5-10%, relative to the weight of the preparation, of this dispersant, 0.1-50% of the weight of the preparation, of this phase containing the active / containing ingredient / m water insoluble, 5-30%, relative to the. . made weight of the preparation, of a liquid / propellant and 10-25 $, relative to the weight of the preparation, of an organic co-solvent used » A method according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular claims 18 and 19, characterized in that a preparation is prepared of which the water phase and the phase containing the active ingredient mix with stirring or shaking to form a temporary dispersion. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular claims 18 and 19, for the preparation of a preparation in the form of a dispersion, characterized in that a paint, wax, fat, alkyl polysiloxane, polyorganosiloxane, polybutene, hydrocarbon are used. petroleum-based and / or synthetic oil as a water-insoluble active ingredient. 22. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a preparation is prepared which contains a water-insoluble active ingredient, a liquefied and / or compressed gas as propellant, an organic co-solvent which is compatible with this propellant. is, water and 2.5-10%, by weight of the composition, contains cocodiethanolamide. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular claim 22, characterized in that a preparation is prepared which contains approximately 2.1 - 35%, based on the weight of the .30 preparation, of a propellant, 2h. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a preparation is prepared in the form of a dispersion containing 7806057: 35% by weight of active ingredient insoluble in water from about 0.1% to about 50% propellant. : liquefied 2% to 30% gaseous 0.1% to 5% dispersant - cocodiethanol amide 2.5% to 10% organic cosolvent 10% to 25% water contains about 10% to 75%. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular claim 2k, characterized in that a preparation is prepared which contains compressed nitrogen, nitrogen oxide, carbon dioxide and / or dimethyl ether as the gaseous component of this propellant. 26. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular claim 25, characterized in that a preparation is prepared which, as the liquefied component of this propellant, is a hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon or carbon compound, or a mixture thereof, contains. A method of preparing a dispersion formulation according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a formulation is prepared comprising an aqueous phase and a single phase containing an active ingredient, which are usually separated, and a dispersant containing cocodiethanolamide that in. both phases is soluble, is present, with 2.5-10%, by weight of the composition, of this dispersant, about 0.1 - 50%, by weight, of the composition, of a phase containing a water-insoluble component, about 2.1 - 35%, by weight of the composition, of a propellant, which is a mixture of liquefied and compressed gas and 10 - 25% , relative to the weight of the composition, of an organic cosolvent for this propellant. 28. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular claim 2k, for preparing a preparation in the form of a dispersion, characterized in that a paint, wax, fat, 7906057 - * · “.. & ** uses alkyl polysiloxane and / or polyorganosiloxane, polybutene, petroleum based hydrocarbon oil and / or synthetic oil as the active ingredient. 29. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular claims 26 and 28, for preparing a preparation in the form of a dispersion, characterized in that an aromatic hydrocarbon, aliphatic hydrocarbon, aliphatic petroleum naphtha, isoparaffinic hydrocarbon, chlorinated hydrocarbon .......... or a mixture thereof used as an organic cosolvent, 30. Methods as described in the description and / or examples. 31. Articles provided with a film or coating obtained by using an aerosol preparation prepared according to a method of Sén of the preceding claims. 4 / f79 0 6 0 5 7 - • f Q?