NL2035200A

NL2035200A - A decision-making method and a system for the space organization and construction of public services in the grassland and pastoral areas

Info

Publication number: NL2035200A
Application number: NL2035200A
Authority: NL
Inventors: Zhang Liheng; Hu Xiaohai; Song Xinhao; Bai Jie; Guo Lixia; Feng Ran; Dang Hui; Rong Lihua; Zhang Mengyuan; Li Yitong
Original assignee: Univ Inner Mongolia Technology
Priority date: 2022-11-16
Filing date: 2023-06-28
Publication date: 2023-10-09
Also published as: CN115759431B; CN115759431A

Abstract

The present invention discloses a decision-making method and a system for the space organization and construction of public services in the grassland and pastoral areas, and belongs to the technical field of public service organization construction. The method comprises the steps of: acquiring current situation data of a public service space in a target area and performing spatial measurement to obtain spatial measurement information of the target space area; obtaining the state of the public service space system in the target space area, and evaluating the distribution equality of public service facilities in the target space area; associating the spatial measurement of the target space area with the public service spatial organization of the target space area; and carrying out spatial organization construction of public service resources in the target space area according to the association results. According to the present invention; equal construction and resource optimization configuration of a public service system in a low- population-density region can be effectively promoted; the suitability of facility layout is improved; and a practical technical support is provided for post-evaluation and adjustment of planning and construction. Meanwhile; a basis is provided for public policy making.

Description

A DECISION-MAKING METHOD AND A SYSTEM FOR THE SPACE

ORGANIZATION AND CONSTRUCTION OF PUBLIC SERVICES IN THE

GRASSLAND AND PASTORAL AREAS

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of public service organization construction, in particular to a decision-making method and a system for the space organization and construction of public services in the grassland and pastoral areas

Background Art

The basic public service system should be guided by the needs of residents to implement the precise matching of public service supply and demand, and implement the precise connection between people and space, groups and individuals, and individuals and individuals.

However, in the grassland and pastoral areas of Inner Mongolia, where the land is sparsely populated and far away from cities, the process of equalizing basic public services between urban and rural areas has progressed slowly. The public service distribution system aimed at "equalization" is difficult to implement in geographical space; the public service support system aimed at "network" is difficult to guarantee in social space; at the same time, the spatial theories and models for public services in the grassland and pastoral areas with low population density need to be enriched urgently. In the existing organization and construction of public service space in the grassland and pastoral areas, there is no technology that can accurately solve the bottleneck of regional space development, efficiently guide the coordinated allocation and co- construction and sharing of public resources in the space, and accurately implement the matching of public service supply and demand under the guidance of equalization.

Therefore, how to provide a decision-making method and a system for the space organization and construction of public services in the grassland and pastoral areas is an urgent problem for those skilled in the art to solve.

Summary of the Invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a decision-making method and system for the space organization and construction of public services in the grassland and pastoral areas, which solves the shortcomings of the existing decision-making technology for the spatial organization and construction of public services in the grassland and pastoral areas.

To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is implemented with the following technical scheme: 1

On the one hand, the present invention discloses a decision-making method for the space organization and construction of public services in the grassland and pastoral areas, comprising the following steps:

S100: Acquiring current situation data of a public service space in a target area and performing spatial measurement to obtain spatial measurement information of the target space area;

S200: Obtaining the state of the public service space system in the target space area, and evaluating the distribution equality of public service facilities in the target space area;

S300: Associating the spatial measurement of the target space area with the public service spatial organization of the target space area based on said spatial measurement information of the target space area and said evaluation result of distribution equality of public service facilities in the target space area;

S400: And carrying out spatial organization construction of public service resources in the target space area according to the association results.

Preferably, said S100 comprises:

S110: Acquiring the spatial geographic status data of public services in the target area;

S120: Analyzing the spatial dispersion of the residential areas in the target space area and calculating any information of the agglomeration information and/or scattered information of the spatial layout of the residential areas in the target space area, to obtain a first spatial measurement information of the target space area, based on the spatial geographic status data of public services in the target area;

S130: Analyzing the coordination degree of the production-living-ecology space in the target space area, and determining the relationship between the distribution characteristics of the residential areas in the target space area and the production-living-ecology space pattern to obtain a second spatial measurement information of the target space area, based on the geographical status of a public service space in the target area;

S140: Analyzing the spatial network structure of the target space area, constructing a visual map of the residential network system in the target space area to obtain a third spatial measurement information of the target space area, based on the geographic status data of a public service space in the target area.

Preferably, said S120 comprises:

S121: Extracting the center point element of the residential area obtained by extracting the centroid of the residential area based on the geographic status data of a public service space in the target area; 2

S122: Determining the boundary of the target area, taking the centroid of each residential area as the object to create a Voronoi polygon set, and forming a Voronoi diagram of the residential area with the borders of the flag area and township respectively, and using the spatial variation coefficient of the Voronoi diagram in the computational geometry to determine the spatial distribution agglomeration state information, dispersed state information and equilibrium state information of the residential area;

S123: Based on the spatial distribution agglomeration state information, dispersed state information and equilibrium state information of the residential area, obtaining the degree of dispersion information on the basis of determining the degree of agglomeration by the spatial variation coefficient;

S124: Using Euclidean distance as the distance measurement index, calculating the comprehensive index of dispersion through the average distance of residential points, the average center of gravity distance and the standard deviation of the spatial distance, assigning weights to the indexes with the method of equal weight, and obtaining the comprehensive index of dispersion after the sum calculation of multiplying the standardized index data with the corresponding weight, and obtaining the global Moran's] index, Moran scatter diagram, and

LISA cluster diagram;

S125: Repeating the steps from S211 to S124 to analyze the spatial discrete state information after the integrated layout of the residential area planning, calculate any information of the agglomeration information and/or scattered information of the spatial layout of the residential area in the target space area, and obtaining the first spatial measurement information of the target space area.

Preferably, said S130 comprises:

S131: Based on the geographic status data of the public service space in the target area, extracting the area data of the land use type, and dividing it into production space, ecological space and living space according to the land use type and function;

S132: Through the production space, living space and ecological space, establishing the production-living-ecology space evaluation system indicators, and determining the weight of each index by using the Delphi method and the analytic hierarchy process to establish a production-living-ecology space evaluation system;

S133: Analyzing the established production-living-ecology space evaluation system, counting and calculating the functional indicators of ecological space, production space and living space respectively, and standardizing the positive indicators and negative indicators of 3

0-1 according to the MAX-MIN standardization method to establish a comprehensive evaluation model for the production-living-ecology space;

S134: Analyzing the coordination degree of the production-living-ecology space in the target space area, and determining the relationship between the distribution characteristics of the residential areas in the target space area and the production-living-ecology space pattern to obtain a second spatial measurement information of the target space area, based on a comprehensive evaluation model for the production-living-ecology space;

Preferably, said S140 comprises:

S141: Based on the geographical status data of the public service space in the target area, and the individual attributes of extracted residential area data, analyzing the role of the individual in the overall spatial system to form an overall spatial topology, and construct a residential area network;

S142: Obtaining the cognitive distance within the preset range of the herdsmen and the length of the border of the grassland, as the association distance of the residential areas, superimposing the influence range of the residential areas to establish a path connection to form an association network relationship map of the residential areas in the pastoral area;

S143: According to the network relationship map, counting the degree, average aggregation coefficient, network diameter, and average path length indicators of the network, analyzing the degree centrality, betweenness centrality, weight centrality, and closeness centrality of the network, and correlating the centrality index with the layout features of the residential areas, and visualizing the centrality space of network nodes in GIS, to obtain a visual map of the residential network system;

S144: Carrying out spatial network division based on the visual map of the residential network system;

S145: Carrying out remote sensing image restoration on rural roads, urban roads and highway data in the target space area, and creating a new traffic road network data set, to obtain the traffic network structural features of towns in pastoral areas by using the traffic route effectiveness indicators in the new traffic road network data set;

S146: Analyzing the connectivity characteristics of the traffic network, judging the service capability of the traffic network to residential areas, using the space-time distance to judge the degree of spatial correlation, and obtaining the third spatial measurement information of the target space area.

Preferably, said S200 comprises: 4

S210: Obtaining the real state of the public service space system of the target space area in the remote sensing image map;

S220: Evaluating the spatial accessibility of public service facilities in the target space area by means of cost distance, shortest distance and two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) methods;

S230: Evaluating the spatial service range characteristics of public service facilities in the target space area by Voronoi diagram analysis and potential analysis methods;

S240: Determining the public service supply subject and the public service demand subject in the target space area, and evaluating the supply and demand indicators respectively by analytic hierarchy process (AHP), to obtain the matching elements of the supply and demand subjects in the target space area.

Preferably, said S300 comprises: Based on the first, second, and third spatial measurement information of the target space area, the spatial accessibility of public service facilities in the target space area, and the characteristics of the spatial service scope of the public service facilities and the matching elements of the supply and demand subjects in the target space area, obtaining the logical relationship between the dynamic mechanism of discrete-collaboration- network on public services.

Preferably, said S400 comprises:

S410: Based on the logical relationship between the dynamic mechanism of discrete- collaboration-network on public services, constructing a network dynamic service space organization circle, a discrete flow service space organization circle, a dynamic collaborative service space organization circle, and building a basic space model;

S420: Taking the pastoral residential area in the target space area as a unit, analyzing the functional elements and layout patterns of public service facilities in a discrete space state, to obtain public services, facility service content and demand characteristics;

S430: Integrating public services, facility service content and demand characteristics, constructing a dynamic circle of the public facility network, determining dynamic facility layout points, layout scope and service circle, and constructing public facilities according to centralized, collaborative and dynamic functions.

On the other hand, the present invention discloses a decision-making system for the space organization and construction of public services in the grassland and pastoral areas, comprising:

A spatial measurement module for acquiring current situation data of a public service space in a target area and performing spatial measurement to obtain spatial measurement information of the target space area; 5

An evaluation module for obtaining the state of the public service space system in the target space area, and evaluating the distribution equality of public service facilities in the target space area,

An integration module connected with the spatial measurement module and the evaluation module for correlating the spatial measurement of the target space area with the public service space organization in the target space area based on spatial measurement information of the target space area and the evaluation results of the distribution equality of public service facilities in the target space area;

A processing module connected with said integration module for constructing the space organization of public service resources in the target space area according to the correlation result.

It can be seen from the above technical solutions that, compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a decision-making method and a system for the space organization and construction of public services in the grassland and pastoral areas. In areas with low population density, it is urgent to explore an effective public service space organization model.

On the basis of ensuring the space-time distance and service scope, it provides a new path and a method for the equalization strategy and facility layout of public service system planning, guided by service network and mobility. According to the present invention, equal construction and resource optimization configuration of a public service system in a low-population-density region can be effectively promoted, the suitability of facility layout is improved, and a practical technical support is provided for post-evaluation and adjustment of planning and construction.

At the same time, it provides a basis for the formulation of public policies (regional rotation grazing, housing projects, construction of new pastoral areas, etc.).

Description of Drawings

To better describe the embodiments of the present invention or the technical scheme of the prior art, a brief introduction of the accompanying drawings to be used in the descriptions of the embodiments or the prior art is made hereby. Obviously, the drawings below are only the embodiments of the present invention, and for those ordinarily skilled in the art, other drawings based on such drawings can be obtained without making creative endeavors.

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a decision-making method for the space organization and construction of public services in the grassland and pastoral areas provided by the present invention; 6

Fig. 2 is a logical diagram of the effect of the space operating mechanism provided by the present invention on public services;

Fig. 3 is a model diagram of the dynamic circle structure of the public facility network in the Inner Mongolia pastoral area provided by the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a decision-making system for the space organization and construction of public services in the grassland and pastoral areas provided by the present invention;

Detailed Description of Embodiments

The technical schemes in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawing in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, such embodiments are just a part of embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all the other embodiments obtained by those ordinarily skilled in the art without making creative endeavors shall fall into the scope of protection of the present invention.

On the one hand, referring to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a decision-making method for the space organization and construction of public services in the grassland and pastoral areas, comprising the following steps:

S300: Associating the spatial measurement of the target space area with the public service spatial organization of the target space area based on the spatial measurement information of the target space area and the evaluation result of distribution equality of public service facilities in the target space area,

In a specific embodiment, the space model is used to build a link between the current situation of geographical space and the theoretical model of the space, revealing the spatial phenomena and spatial processes of grassland and pastoral areas in the operation of regional space, and through the spatial logic of "discrete state analysis-coordination path establishment- network system building" of residential areas, the spatial model of "flow path-spatial 7 coordination-covering circles" of public services in the grassland and pastoral areas is described,

Specifically, the space measurement method 1: the step of analyzing the space dispersion of residential areas is used to judge the agglomeration, dispersion, and equilibrium state of the spatial distribution of residential areas, and to verify the degree of "small agglomeration and large dispersion” of the spatial layout of residential areas in the grassland and pastoral areas, and to provide evidence for space layout optimization of the residential areas;

Specifically, the space measurement method 2: the step of analyzing the coordination degree of the production-living-ecology space is used to extract the area data of the land use types, and divide them into production, ecology, and living spaces according to the land use types and functions, and establish a "production-living-ecology" spatial evaluation system indicators, and use the Delphi method and AHP to determine the weight of each indicator; construct a comprehensive evaluation model of the production-living-ecology space, visualize and analyze the circle structure of different quality agglomeration areas of the production- living-ecology space, and establish a coordination degree model of the production-living- ecology space in the grassland and pastoral areas. Clarify the relationship between the distribution characteristics of residential areas and the spatial model of the production-living- ecology space, and provide a system optimization basis for the new pattern of rural space in the grassland and pastoral areas and the spatial organization of public services;

Specifically, the space measurement method 3: the step of analyzing space network structure, the residential area data used for extraction has individual attributes, in the process of constructing the settlement network, the layout of the residential areas is regarded as a set composed of several nodes, and the connection path is represented by the inter-node edges, to form the overall spatial topology; the 10km cognitive distance of the herdsmen obtained from the survey and the grassland boundary length identified by remote sensing images are used as the correlation distance of the residential areas, and the adjacency matrix data is used to create a network relationship map to form a residential area network relationship map of the pastoral area, statistical network degree, average agglomeration coefficient, network diameter, average path length and other indicators are counted, the network degree centrality, betweenness centrality, weight centrality and close centrality are analyzed to construct a visual map of the residential area network system; and combined with the verification of the structural characteristics of the traffic network, it can be judged that the spatial connectivity agglomeration characteristics of 10km-20km are the most significant, and are highly consistent with the correlation distance of the spatial network; 8

Specifically, the evaluation step of the distribution equality of public service facilities in the target space area is used to obtain the real state of the public service space system in the remote sensing image map; the spatial accessibility of various public service facilities is evaluated, and the spatial accessibility of various public services by means of cost distance, closest distance and two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) methods is evaluated, and the spatial accessibility characteristics of the basic public service space in the grassland and pastoral areas are further analyzed, and a basis for the construction of public service networks is provided.

Step of service coverage evaluation of public service facilities; the spatial service scope of various public service facilities is evaluated by Voronoi diagram analysis and potential (resistance) analysis methods, and then the characteristics of the basic public service spatial service scope in the grassland and pastoral areas are analyzed to provide a basis for the division of public service networks. The evaluation of the matching degree of service supply and demand of public service facilities takes the local government as the supply subject of public services and the residents as the demand subject of public services, and uses the AHP (Analytic

Hierarchy Process) method to evaluate the supply and demand indicators respectively, and uses the single-objective model data to assign the problem analysis model to solve the bilateral matching, and finally obtain the matching elements of the supply and demand subjects, providing a basis for the improvement of the service capability and the optimization of the spatial layout of public service facilities;

Specifically, the correlation step of the space measurement of the target space area and the spatial organization of public services is used to analyze the dynamic mechanism of spatial dispersion in typical grassland and pastoral areas, and the dynamic mechanism of coordination in the grassland and pastoral areas. The dynamic mechanism of spatial network operation in the grassland and pastoral areas is reflected in the spatial network organization process under the joint action of social networks, traffic network and grassland, to demonstrate the logic of the dynamic mechanism of space "discrete-collaboration-network" on public services; the spatial organization step of public service resources in target space areas is used to establish the function logic of "discrete-network" of the public service space in the grassland and pastoral areas, to clarify the nodes and flow paths of public service space; the function logic of "discrete- coordination" of public service space in the grassland and pastoral areas is established to clarify the coverage circle and dynamic coordination area of public service space;

Specifically, the three spatial states interact, and finally the three spatial organization circles: the network dynamic service circle, the discrete flow service circle, and the dynamic 9 collaborative service circle are constructed, and the spatial model construction principle, public service type and space organization pattern of public service space in typical grassland and pastoral areas are further provided. The layout system and functional elements of public service facilities in the grassland and pastoral areas should meet the principles of dynamic supply, synergistic association, and differentiated configuration, and integrate the service content and demand characteristics of public service facilities to build a dynamic circle of public facility networks and determine the layout area, layout scope and service circles of dynamic facilities.

The layout of public facilities is carried out according to the functions of "centralized, coordinated and dynamic".

More specifically, the spatial dispersion analysis step of residential areas includes: 1. According to the real-time geographic national conditions data, the elements of the center points of the residential areas are obtained by extracting the centroid of the residential areas; 2. Taking the administrative boundaries of the banner (county) domain and each Sumu as the target range, and taking the centroid of each residential area as the object to create a set of

Voronoi polygons and form the residential Voronoi diagram with the banner domain and township (Sumu) as the boundary, using the spatial variation coefficient (Cv) of the Voronoi diagram in computational geometry to judge the agglomeration, dispersion, and equilibrium state of the spatial distribution of residential areas; 3. Based on the judgment of the dispersion degree of the spatial layout of residential areas, on the basis of determining the degree of agglomeration with the spatial variation coefficient (Cv), the characteristic value of the "nearest neighbor index" is used to express the degree of dispersion, and the degree of "small agglomeration, large dispersion" of the spatial layout of residential areas in the grassland and pastoral areas is further verified. 4. Judgment of dispersion based on spatial distance. Due to the low population density of grassland and pastoral areas, the residential area is usually composed of three herdsmen. The area is small, the terrain is mainly plains and gentle hills, and the density of the main traffic network is low. When measuring the distance, the Euclidean distance is mainly focused as the main distance measurement index. Calculate the dispersion comprehensive index (DCI) by the average distance of the residential areas, the average center of gravity distance and the standard deviation of the spatial distance. The influence of the three indicators on the DCI is the same.

Therefore, the indicators are weighted by the equal weighting method, and the dispersion comprehensive index (DCI) is obtained the sum of the standardized indicator data and the corresponding weights after multiplying. The important content of spatial statistical analysis is 10 reflected in the global Moran's I index, Moran scatter diagram, LISA cluster diagram and other aspects; 5. Repeat the above steps to observe the spatial discrete state of the residential areas after the integrated planning and layout. It is found that the discrete state is enlarged after the integrated planning and layout, the efficiency of resource integration is reduced, and the allocation of resources faces imbalance, which still needs further optimization.

More specifically, the coordination degree analysis step of the production-living-ecology space includes: 1. Based on the real-time geographic national conditions data, extract the area data of land use types, and divide them into production, ecology, and living spaces according to the land use types and functions; 2. Through the indicators, such as the area of artificial pasture land, natural pasture land area, facility agricultural land, mining land area, per capita pasture land area, average area of production patches, and degree of dispersion of production patches in the production space, the area of residential areas, the distance from main roads, the dispersion of residential areas, the gravity of cities and towns, and the average area of residential patch areas in the living space, and the grassland area, the forest area, the water area, the lake tidal flat reservoir area, the sandy area, the saline-alkali land area, the scenic spot area, the ecological spatial dispersion, the ecological land coverage in the ecological space and so on, the "production-living-ecology" spatial evaluation system indicators are established, and the weight of each indicator is determined by using the Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process (AHP); 3. Counting and calculating the functional indicators of ecological space, production space and living space respectively according to the established production-living-ecology space evaluation system, and standardizing the positive indicators and negative indicators of 0-1 according to the MAX-MIN standardization method to carry out final comprehensive evaluation of the production-living-ecology space; 4. Construct a comprehensive evaluation and calculation model for the production-living- ecology space. The comprehensive evaluation and calculation model for the production-living- ecology space is shown in Table 1: 11

Table 1 Evaluation and calculation model for the production-living-ecology space

Quantitative analysis /

Calculation formula Interpretation process

NS Pi, Ei and Li are the p= 9% XV, ; _— or comprehensive evaluation on scores of the production space,

E = 217; the ecological space and the or living space, respectively; Xi is the quantized value of the y indicator, and Y; is the weight of

EL. = xX 7 . .

Ef, XY, the indicator. i=1 n is the number of project elements.

Evaluation and calculation — —

So O is the comprehensive of the production-living- evaluation score of the ecology space So production-living-ecology space, and Pi, E; and L; are the comprehensive evaluation scores of the production space, g= BW + EW, + LV, ° the ecological space and the living space, respectively, and

Wp, We and Wi are the weights of the production space, the ecological space and the living space, respectively. 5. According to the results of the functional classification and comprehensive evaluation of the production-living-ecology space, and according to the natural breakpoint method, it can be found that the fragmentation characteristics of different levels of living space are obvious, and the hierarchical and typed agglomeration characteristics of the production space and the ecological space are obvious, the high-quality, medium-quality and low-quality agglomeration areas of the production-living-ecology space present an obvious circle structure. 12

6. By constructing an evaluation system based on the spatial coordination degree of "ecology-production”, "production-living", "ecology-living" and "ecology-production-living", a comprehensive coordination model of the production-living-ecology space in the grassland and pastoral areas is established, and the relationship between the distribution characteristics of the residential areas and the spatial model of the production-living-ecology space 1s clarified, the optimization direction of the new rural spatial model in the grassland and pastoral areas is thought of, and a system optimization basis is provided for the spatial organization of public services. The comprehensive coordination degree model of the production-living-ecology space in the grassland and pastoral areas constructed (the coordination degree model for minimizing the deviation coefficient) is shown in Table 2:

Table 2 Comprehensive calculation model for the coordination degree of the production-living- ecology space

Quantitative analysis

Calculation formula Interpretation process © = ‘I | the production-living-

JHPHEY X (EAL) A (PAL) ecology space;

Calculation of the O is the comprehensive comprehensive evaluation value of the coordination degree of the production-living-ecology production-living-ecology pee space;

D=YCXO space D is the coordination degree of the production- living-ecology space (value range: 0-1).

Loe = | le Cp, Cea and Cp are the

Calculation of dual element A coupling degrees of the coordination of the en | | Ex L | production-ecology, the production-living-ecology 0 J HEALY ecology-living, and the space geeen production-living spaces, si = | ==] tively ni J PALLY respectively. 13

0, = BW, + EW, Oi, O02 and Os are the 0, = EW, + LI, comprehensive evaluation values of the production- ecology, the ecology-

Os = RW + LW, living and the production- living spaces, respectively. (W=0.5)

Di is the dual element 2 pee coordination degree of the

Di=VEXx0 CO production-living-ecology space (value range: 0-1). 7. According to the results of the comprehensive coordination degree of the production- living-ecology space, it is found that the spatial organization form of urban-rural circles plus nodes is contrary to towns in developed areas. The overall coordination degree of urban and community space is low, and the coordination degree of most discrete regions is relatively high.

At the same time, the production-living-ecology spatial coordination state in the grassland and pastoral areas is not a multi-core circle structure, but an overall coordinated circle structure.

Such circle structure features provide new evidence and trends for the optimization of the production-living-ecology space in cities and towns in the grassland and pastoral areas, and also provide a basis for the circle layout of the public service network as a support guarantee system for the production-living-ecology space.

The more specific spatial network structure analysis steps specifically include: 1. The residential area data extracted from the real-time geographic national conditions data have individual attributes. Individual residential areas are relatively independent and organically connected. Each individual actively affects other individuals or is passively affected. Therefore, the analysis of the residential areas in pastoral areas should systematically analyze their overall relationship and the role of individuals in the overall spatial system. In the process of constructing a residential area network, the layout of the residential areas is regarded as a set composed of several nodes, and the connection paths are defined by the internode edges, thus forming the overall spatial topology; 2. The 10km cognitive distance of the herdsmen obtained from the survey and the length of the grassland boundary identified by the remote sensing image are used as the correlation distance of the residential areas, and the influence range of the residential areas is superimposed, 14 and the path connection is established.

If the range overlaps, it is considered that there is correlation between the residential areas, and it is marked as 1 in its adjacency matrix, and it is marked as 0 if there is no overlap.

In the process of establishing the spatial network system, the residential areas are used as the node for receiving and transmitting information, and the social network analysis method is used to transform the virtual "distance awareness network" into a physical space network.

A network relationship map is created by importing the adjacency matrix data made according to the influence range of each residential area by using the Pajek software to form a pastoral residential area association network; 3. According to the network relationship map, count the network degree, average agglomeration coefficient, network diameter, average path length and other indicators, and analyze the degree centrality, betweenness centrality, weight centrality and closeness centrality of the network.

At the same time, correlate the centrality indicators with the layout characteristics of the residential areas, and visualize the centrality of network nodes in GIS; 4. Based on the constructed visual map of the residential network system, the point-degree centrality reflects the influence ability of the residential areas in the local network system; The betweenness centrality reflects those residential areas that can control the flow and allocation of resources in the overall network system.

The configuration of public service facilities can be dynamically and collaboratively deployed in areas with high betweenness centrality; the closeness centrality is reflected in the overall network system.

In order to avoid a tendency to integrate the resources of adjacent residential areas due to the influences of other residential areas, and the space network can be divided.

The configuration of public facilities can take advantage of its resource integration advantages to coordinatively arrange in different residential areas; 5. In the real-time geographic national conditions data, based on the rural roads, urban roads and highway data in the target space area in combination with the remote sensing images, and a new traffic road network data set is created.

Since the important living and production agglomeration areas in the grassland and pastoral areas are the nodes in the traffic network, the effective physical and spatial connections between the nodes are the paths of the spatial network.

By analyzing the traffic loops in the current traffic network system, the number of road connections and connected degrees of traffic nodes, and the effectiveness of traffic routes, etc. are used to describe the characteristics of the traffic network structure of cities and towns in the grassland and pastoral areas.

The specific traffic network characteristic indicators are shown in Table 3. 15

Table 3 Traffic network characteristic indicators

Description of

Calculation method Interpretation of process characteristics

CC = g/G (OSCC<1) ;

Traffic network Ratio of the actual number CC =0, the road has no closed loop;

The degree of of closed loops (G) to the CC = 1, the number of closed loops in the the formed loop maximum number of the road is the maximum; (CC) closed loops (Gmax) If S<P-1,G=0;

IfS>P-1, G=S-P + 1, Gmax =2P-5

Traffic node Ratio of the number of PL =S/P

Number of road actual road sections (S) and If PL > 1, it's a composite structure; connections the number of traffic nodes If PL < 1, it's a tree structure; (PL) (P) If PL = 1, it's a cyclic structure;

Ratio of the number of PP=S/Smax=S/3 (3P-2) (0<PP<l)

Traffic node / actual road sections (S) and If PP = 0, there's no connected traffic node;

Connected the ideal maximum number If PP = 1, each traffic node can be degree (PP) of sections (Smax) connected,

Reflected by the ratio of the

Traffic path mi number of road sections (S) LL =1- (S/L)

Validity (LL) to the length (L) 6. Analyze the density characteristics of the traffic network. According to the actual use of highways and rural roads, assign weights to the road grades, and analyze the density characteristics of the traffic network by using the kernel density estimation method.

Considering the road grades, different graded roads are weighted to generate the weighted kernel density of the road network in the GIS kernel density analysis. Based on the results, it can be judged that in the process of constructing the traffic network in the grassland and pastoral areas, it 1s necessary not only to emphasize the main transportation links between urban and rural areas, but also to strengthen the relationship between the transportation system and the distribution of production materials (grasslands), to increase the possibility of human-land spatial interaction, and to enhance the spatial usage efficiency. 7. Analyze the connectivity characteristics of the traffic network, judge the service capability of the traffic network to the residential areas, and use the space-time distance to judge 16 the degree of spatial correlation. In terms of time, the characteristics of the shortest time connection between the residential areas and the traffic network are reflected according to the actual road distribution (according to the actual road traffic conditions, the traffic speed of the highway 1s 60km/h, and the traffic speed of the rural road is 30km/h for calculation); Spatially, the shortest-distance connection characteristics between residential areas and the traffic network are reflected according to the actual road distribution. According to the results, it can be judged that the agglomeration characteristics of the spatial connectivity of 10km-20km are the most significant, and are highly consistent with the correlation distance of the spatial network.

More specifically, the evaluation steps for the distribution equality of public service facilities in the target space area include: 1. Based on local policies and upper-level planning data, combined with local statistical data, implement the real state of the public service space system in the remote sensing image map. The types of basic public services mainly focus on education, medical care, culture, sports and social security services; 2. Spatial accessibility evaluation of public service facilities: evaluate the spatial accessibility of various public service facilities by means of cost distance, shortest distance and floating catchment area (2SFCA) method, and then analyze the spatial accessibility characteristics of basic public services in the grassland and pastoral areas, to provide a basis for the construction of public service networks. The traffic vector data are converted into raster data of 30=x30m pixels, and it is regarded that the accessibility within the network is consistent.

According to the traffic speed of 60km/h for highways and 30km/h for rural roads, the route selection of the shortest time in the raster data is used to analyze the time cost and distance analysis on the traffic road network in the banner area, and the time to reach each public service facility is obtained, and the time cost of reaching the facility is formed, and the accessibility characteristics of the facility is reflected. The closest distance analysis is based on the spatial geometric distance analysis, the spatial distribution relationship between the residential area and various facilities is obtained by using the nearest neighbor analysis in GIS, according to the closest distance relationship, and the service capability is reflected by counting the number of nearby residential areas served by public service facilities. The 2SFCA method refers to based on the principle of the gravity model, a residential area (demand point) is searched within each public service facility area according to a certain radius, and the supply-demand ratio of each public service facility area is used to reflect the service capability, and the supply-demand ratio of each residential area is calculated. The supply-demand ratio of each public service facility 17 within the search radius is summarized to evaluate the accessibility of public service facilities.

The service radius of public service facilities of different types and levels is different. In the analysis, the medical facilities are evaluated according to a 30-minute coverage area, that is, the service radius of 30km; The cultural and sports facilities are evaluated according to a 60-minute coverage area, that is, the service radius of 60km, taking into account the actual use conditions; the educational facilities are evaluated according to a 60-minute coverage area, that is, the service radius of 60km, taking into account the actual use conditions in surrounding administrative villages. 3. Step of service coverage evaluation of public service facilities: the spatial service scope of various public service facilities is evaluated by Voronoi diagram analysis and potential (resistance) analysis methods, and then the characteristics of the basic public service spatial service scope in the grassland and pastoral areas are analyzed to provide a basis for the division of public service networks. By comparing the unit area of the Voronoi diagram with the area of the service potential analysis unit, the number of residential areas in the Voronoi diagram unit and the number of residential areas in the service potential analysis unit, and the closeness of the numbers is analyzed, the effectiveness of the coverage of public service facilities is explained. The smaller the difference between the compared values, the closer the ideal coverage of public service facilities is to the actual coverage potential, and the stronger the effectiveness of public service coverage; 4. Evaluation of the matching degree of service supply and demand of public service facilities; the local governments are taken as the supply subject of public services, and 7 supply evaluation indicators, including supply policy, supply funds, departmental functions, supply hardware conditions, supply software conditions, supply facility types and satisfaction feedback are formed; Residents are regarded as the demand subject of public services, and five demand evaluation indicators, including subject difference, spatial layout, time arrangement, economic capacity and service quality are formed; and the supply and demand indicators are evaluated respectively by the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method, the indicator weight is calculated based on the comparison matrix, and then the indicator weight ranking is used as the basis for supply and demand matching analysis to analyze the current supply and demand matching elements and matching degree. The analysis process first establishes the supply- demand relationship matrix based on the weight results of the AHP evaluation, and constructs a supply-demand dual-objective model. Secondly, the two sides of supply and demand are linearly weighted with equal weights, and the single-objective transformation of the model is performed to obtain a coefficient matrix. Finally, the single-objective model data are used in an 18 assignment problem analysis model to solve the bilateral matching, and finally the matching elements of the supply and demand subjects are obtained, which provides a basis for the service capability improvement and spatial layout optimization of public service facilities.

More specifically, the steps of associating the space measurement of the target space area with the public service space organization include: 1. According to the content of space measurement method 1, the dynamic mechanism of spatial dispersion in typical grassland and pastoral areas can be found through measurement analysis. The spatial discrete state determines the structural relationship and operation mode of the spatial elements in the grassland and pastoral areas. The degree of dispersion in the spatial distribution of residential areas has an important impact on the coordination of spatial layout and the balance of public resources, and provides a basis for the correlation analysis between the degree of dispersion and the degree of network nodes.

First of all, at the township (Sumu) scale, by comparing the spatial variation coefficient and high-low clustering characteristics, the current spatial layout of residential areas shows a significant "small agglomeration, large dispersion" feature. The integration of residential areas planning has further strengthened the discrete characteristics of space and enlarged the overall discrete state of the space. Under such circumstances, the efficiency of resource integration is reduced, and resource allocation is faced with an imbalance. Therefore, discrete spatial divisions at the township (Sumu) scale cannot be based solely on administrative divisions and spatial variation coefficients. In the analysis, on the basis of the current spatial layout of the residential areas, the spatial dispersion index (DCI) is measured, classified according to the degree of dispersion, and used as the basis for spatial dispersion division. Secondly, at the village (Gacha) scale, the relative discreteness of the current residential areas presents a belt- like agglomeration and interlaced form in space, and after the integration of the residential area planning, the spatial discrete zoning characteristics are obvious, which can be used to optimize the spatial discrete zoning at the township (Sumu) level and clarify the importance of comprehensive discrete degree analysis at the village (Gacha) level. At the same time, the

Moran scatter diagram and LISA cluster diagram reveal the internal relationship of the dispersion index (DCI), and then find the important agglomeration or discrete areas in the space. 2. According to the content of space measurement method 2, the dynamic mechanism of spatial coordination in typical grassland and pastoral areas can be found through measurement analysis. The state of spatial coordination strengthens the degree of correlation and the hierarchical circles of spatial elements in the grassland and pastoral areas. The comprehensive evaluation of the production-living-ecology space is conducive to tapping the potential of 19 spatial development, and its coordination degree helps to clarify the relationship between the distribution characteristics of residential areas and the production-living-ecology space pattern, so that under the influence of different spatial efficiencies, the coordination relationship and hierarchical grading features of different spaces can be revealed.

Specifically, first of all, the spatial evaluation of "production-living-ecology" is carried out on the village (Gacha) scale, and the production space of each village (Gacha) in a typical grassland and pastoral area has a relatively high level of development, and is superior to the ecological and living space. The characteristics of fragmentation of living space are obvious, and the characteristics of hierarchical and typified aggregation of the production space and the ecological space are obvious. Therefore, in the state of spatial discreteness, the spatial circle of grassland and pastoral areas still exists, and the utilization status of the production-living- ecology space is the main factor affecting the characteristics of the spatial circle. Secondly, the spatial coordination of "production-living-ecology" is manifested in the coordination of large- scale production space and small-scale living space, the single vulnerability of large-scale ecology and the production space; and the negative relationship between the development of the living space and the production space. The comprehensive coordination of the "production- living-ecology" space is manifested as an overall coordinated circle structure. Such circle structure features provide new evidence and trends for the optimization of the production- living-ecology space in the grassland and pastoral areas, and also provide a basis for the layout of the public service circle as a support system for the production-living-ecology life space. 3. According to the content of space measurement method 3, the measurement analysis shows that the dynamic mechanism of the spatial network operation in typical grassland and pastoral areas 1s reflected in the spatial network organization process under the combined effects of social network, transportation network, and grassland utilization. This kind of spatial network is not only a networked social space organization, but also a material space organization connected by geographical space. The network operation process is based on the social life and production relations of herdsmen in the grassland and pastoral areas. On the basis of following the traditional differential order pattern, it continues to operate according to the integration of production materials and the interaction of interests based on kinship, geography, and industry ties, and gets feedback in the space.

In a specific embodiment, first of all, the 10km cognitive distance of survey statistics can be used as the basis for judging the adjacency of residential areas, so as to establish a spatial network system for human-land interaction and information transmission, and to judge the characteristics of the spatial network in the grassland and pastoral areas. At the same time, the 20 main factor affecting the distribution of residential areas in pastoral areas in Inner Mongolia is the distribution of pastures.

The grassland household contract system implements grass-based grazing, and the area of each household is about 10,000 to 20,000 mu.

The production line of scattered settlements makes the grassland in a staggered and radiation form; according to the grassland edge identified by remote sensing images, the grassland can be integrated and abstracted into three types of rectangular networks: 20km, 10km, and Skm.

Secondly, the social network formed by cognitive distance and the rectangular network of grassland divisions of different scales formed by grassland distribution are comprehensively compared to clarify the role of the spatial distance of 10km to 20km in the construction of the spatial network of typical grassland and pastoral areas.

The validity of the spatial distance from 10km to 20km in the construction of the spatial network is verified.

The results show that the spatial distribution of the network centrality, closeness, and weight center of the 20km spatial connection compared with the 10km spatial connection has been significantly strengthened, and the betweenness center area has a significant increase trend, the system and stability of the space network are strengthened.

The 20km (diameter) actual coverage distance formed by the cognitive distance of 10km (radius) is consistent with the delineation of grassland boundaries and the connectivity characteristics of the transportation network.

The 20km spatial connection distance should be used as an important basis for the measurement and construction of the integrity and stability of the spatial network.

4. According to the content of space measurement 1-3, demonstrate the logic of the dynamic mechanism of space "discrete-coordination-network" on public services.

Residential areas in pastoral areas are small in scale and loose in layout.

In the supply and spatial organization of public facilities, the traditional hierarchical allocation method should be appropriately changed to actively adapt to the service needs of “dynamic coordination" of public facilities in the grassland and pastoral areas.

The implementation of the requirement of "equalization" for public services still needs to enhance the suitability method that meets the needs of regional development.

Dynamic and mobile public service forms are an effective way to solve the problem of equalization of basic public services in the grassland and pastoral areas with low population density.

The analysis process tries to use the analysis of the state of space

"discrete-coordination-network", as shown in Fig. 2, which is a logic diagram of the role of the space operation mechanism on public services, and analyzes the space interactive mechanism under the three spatial states of "discrete-coordination-network" and establishes the logic of the dynamic mechanism's role in public services.

21

In a specific embodiment, first, starting from solving the problem of spatial discrete constraints, a network system of public service spaces in the grassland and pastoral areas is established to clarify the public service space nodes with the flow path, according to the node association of the residential space network and the spatial flow logic of public services. the "Sumu-Gacha-group" hierarchical model is effectively transformed into a residential circle layer network model. Secondly, starting from mining the dynamic ability of space coordination, a collaborative system of public service spaces in the grassland and pastoral areas is established to clarify the coverage circle and the dynamic coordination areas of public service spaces, according to the area adjacency of "production-living-ecology" spatial coordination and the spatial coverage logic of public services. Finally, the "centralized, collaborative, and dynamic" functions of public services are spatially organized, thereby constructing network dynamic service circles, discrete mobile service circles, and dynamic collaborative service circles.

More specifically, the spatial organization steps of public service resources in the target space area include: 1. According to the measurement method 1-3, the logic of the dynamic mechanism of space "discrete-coordination-network" on public services can be proved. Starting from solving the problem of spatial discrete constraints, the logic of "discrete-network" of public service spaces in the grassland and pastoral areas is established to clarify the nodes and flow paths of public service spaces; Starting from mining the dynamic capability of space coordination, the logic of "discrete-coordinatio" of public service spaces in the grassland and pastoral areas is established to clarify public service space coverage circles and dynamic collaborative areas;

The three spatial states interact, and finally the three spatial organization circles: the network dynamic service circle, the discrete flow service circle, and the dynamic collaborative service circle are constructed, and the spatial model construction principle, public service type and space organization pattern of public service space in typical grassland and pastoral areas are further provided. Through the spatial analysis of multiple dimensions, a basic space platform is built for the proposal of the public service spatial model in the grassland and pastoral areas. 2. The influence of spatial coordination, population security and mobility in the grassland and pastoral areas on the layout of public service facilities, and the spatial network structure will have a profound impact on the layout of public service facilities. Based on the analysis of the spatial operation mechanism of grassland and pastoral areas by Claim 6, the construction of the layout system and functional elements of public service facilities in the grassland and pastoral areas should meet the principles of dynamic supply, synergistic association, and differentiated allocation. 22

3. The allocation of public service facilities in the grassland and pastoral areas should be based on "regional synergy" and "dynamic sharing", taking the residential areas in pastoral areas as units, thinking about the functional elements and layout models of public service facilities in a discrete state, and improving the geographical suitability of public service facilities in pastoral areas. The "Sumu-Gacha-group" hierarchical model is transformed into a residential area circle network model (Figure), and a dynamic circle network of public facilities is constructed by integrating the service content and demand characteristics of public service facilities, as shown in Fig. 3, which is a diagram of the dynamic circle structure model of the public facilities network in pastoral areas of Inner Mongolia, which determines the layout points, layout scope and service circle of the dynamic facilities, and arranges the public facilities according to the functions of "centralized, collaborative, and dynamic".

In a specific embodiment, the target space area based on the discrete flow pattern of public services in discrete zones, is used to follow the service functions such as "scale hierarchy, coordination, mobility, and elasticity", based on the characteristics of the partition, and according to the connection between the three subject circles and the key areas of spatial correlation, to establish the path of facility coordination, facility flow, and facility agglomeration, and to form a discrete flow circle model of public service space organization in the grassland and pastoral areas; the target space area is based on the public service dynamic coordination model of production-living-ecology coordination, which is used to place the main community elastic public service facilities on the edge of spatially discrete areas and circles based on the collaborative evaluation results of the production-living-ecology space at the village scale; The hierarchical facilities in key towns are placed in the collaborative circle, connected with the collaborative public service facilities in the Sumu township; The flow public service facilities are placed in the discrete circle to meet the service needs of the discrete areas;

The hierarchical public service facilities at the Sumu township scale are placed in the agglomeration circle to enhance the service capability of the facilities. On the basis of the characteristics of circles, establish a collaborative path of facilities with the connection between concentric circles to form a dynamic coordination circle model of public service space organization in the grassland and pastoral areas; the dynamic model of public service network based on network operation in target space areas is used to, according to the regional distribution characteristics of space discrete, coordination, and agglomeration, form a dynamic synergy service unit (circle layer) dominated by the layout of township (Sumu) synergy facilities and community elastic facilities, a large-scale hierarchical service unit (circle layer) dominated by the layout of large-scale and hierarchical facilities in key cities and towns, and a 23 dynamic mobility service unit (circle layer) dominated by the layout of the mobility facilities in the residential areas, and establish the facility correlation path according to the network node path, to form a network dynamic circle layer model of the public service space organization in the grassland and pastoral areas; the target space area is based on the public service flow circle model with spatial characteristics; the public service space network dynamic circle model, the discrete flow circle model, and the dynamic collaborative circle model used for analysis act on the interaction interface of spatial discreteness and network, and the spatial discreteness interface, spatial discreteness and coordination interaction interface, respectively; according to the negative relationship between spatial discreteness, network and coordination, an effective flow space area in three-dimensional space is formed. At the same time, the three modes of public service facility layout are projected on this area for superimposition; and according to the overlapping nodes and path areas, the agglomeration, synergy, and mobility facility layout methods are judged to form a public service space flow circle layer model with flow space characteristics; the applicability of spatial models is used for similar types of regional models and method outputs.

In a specific embodiment, the public service discrete mobility model of the target space area based on discrete zoning specifically includes: 1. Based on the spatial measurement method 1 and the evaluation results of the distribution equality of public service facilities in the target space area, and the comprehensive evaluation results of the accessibility, coverage and supply-demand matching status of public service facilities, when determining the circle layer and regional division, facility type and service capability, facility associations and flow paths, the overall area is divided into discrete areas, collaborative areas, and agglomeration areas according to the spatially discrete partition orientation, and different types of facilities are selected for configuration. 2. Relying on the discrete state of the layout of legal residential areas in the spatial measurement method 1, connect the elastic public service facilities in important communities to form the dividing line of the circle area; connect the central towns of the three circles close to the dividing line with Sumu (townships), to form key areas of spatial correlation. According to service functions such as "scale hierarchy, coordination, mobility, and elasticity", on the basis of zoning characteristics, and according to the connection between the three main circles and key areas of spatial correlation, the path of facility coordination, facility flow, and facility agglomeration is established, and a discrete flow circle model of the public service space organization in the grassland and pastoral areas is formed. 24

In a specific embodiment, the public service dynamic coordination model of the target space area based on the coordination of the production-living-ecology space specifically includes: 1. According to the results of the spatial measurement method 2, the spatial discreteness of the layout of public service facilities in the grassland and pastoral areas needs to enhance the linkage of space in a coordinated way. Through the functional classification and comprehensive evaluation of the production-living-ecology space, it can be found that the characteristics of hierarchical circle and type clustering of the production-living-ecology space are remarkable.

The spatial carrier of ecology, production and living is an important embodiment of land functions, and the spatial carrier of public services is an important guarantee for spatial coordination. The overall spatial coordination system of grassland and pastoral areas will change people's understanding of the spatial coordination structure and form a new circle system. 2. According to the production-living-ecology space evaluation and results of synergy degree model in the spatial measurement method 2, the characteristics of circles are: Discrete circles with a high degree of coordination are highly dependent on the distribution of grasslands; in order to adapt to the highly discrete form of residential distribution, the public service facilities are mainly mobile public services, The synergistic circle with a medium degree of coordination is highly dependent on transportation connectivity. Through the horizontal and vertical connections of the transportation system, the degree of coordination between different circles is strengthened. And the public service facilities are mainly collaborative public services. the agglomeration circle with a low degree of coordination is highly dependent on the construction of residential areas. In order to strengthen its living service functions, public service facilities are mainly scaled hierarchical public services. In combination with the evaluation results of public service facility accessibility, coverage and supply-demand matching status in Claim 5, the circles are divided into the scattered circle, collaborative circle, and agglomeration circle, and configured with different types of facilities. 3 Relying on the space measurement method 2 of the village-scale production-living- ecology space collaborative evaluation results, the main community elastic public service facilities are placed in the transitional edges of the space discrete area and the circles; The hierarchical facilities in key towns are placed in the collaborative circle, connected with the collaborative public service facilities in the Sumu township; The flow public service facilities are placed in the discrete circle to meet the service needs of the discrete areas; The hierarchical public service facilities at the Sumu township scale are placed in the agglomeration circle to 25 enhance the service capability of the facilities. On the basis of the characteristics of circles, establish a collaborative path of facilities with the connection between concentric circles to form a dynamic coordination circle model of public service space organization in the grassland and pastoral areas;

In a specific embodiment, the public service network dynamic model of the target space area based on network operation specifically includes: 1. According to the results of the space measurement method 3, based on the recognitive distance, a space network system for residential areas in pastoral areas is constructed by space verification between the grassland distribution and the transportation network characteristics, so as to realize the dynamic organization of public services in a space network system. From the node degree analysis of the spatial network of residential areas, we can see the importance of transforming the spatial layout analysis from the hierarchical center to the spatial network nodes. In order to form a network system with stable overall structure and flexible layout, it is necessary to strengthen the centrality and connectivity of nodes in the overall network system, and give full play to the intermediary role of network nodes (residential areas). For the organization of public service spaces, under the influence of natural conditions and production methods, through flexible space configuration, the role of important nodes in the network system will be strengthened, thereby enhancing the intermediary capabilities of the space network intermediary center nodes, forming a facility layout system with overall system stability and local node dynamics. 2. In the construction of the network systems of residential areas, according to the space measurement method 3, the point degree centrality reflects the influence of the residential areas in a local network system, and its influence can be used in the public service space organization to optimize the regional division of different types of service configuration; The betweenness centrality reflects those residential areas that can control the flow and allocation of resources in the overall network system. The configuration of public service facilities can be dynamically and collaboratively deployed in areas with high betweenness centrality, the closeness centrality is reflected in the overall network system. In order to avoid a tendency to integrate the resources of adjacent residential areas due to the influences of other residential areas, and the space network can be divided and circles can be created. The configuration of public service facilities can take advantage of its resource integration advantages to circle-level coordinatively arrange in different residential areas;

Based on the distribution characteristics of spatial dispersion, coordination, and agglomeration of the results of the space measurement method 1, the space measurement 26 method 2, and the space measurement method 3, a dynamic collaborative service unit (circle) dominated by the layout of township (Sumu) collaborative facilities and community flexible facilities is formed; a large-scale hierarchical service unit (circle layer) dominated by the layout of large-scale and hierarchical facilities in key cities and towns, and a dynamic mobility service unit (circle layer) dominated by the layout of the mobility facilities in the residential areas, and establish the facility correlation path according to the network node path, to form a network dynamic circle layer model of the public service space organization in the grassland and pastoral areas;

In a specific embodiment, the public service mobility circle model of the target space area based on flow space characteristics specifically includes: 1. Based on the analysis of the public service discrete flow model based on discrete zoning in the target space area, the public service dynamic collaboration model based on the production-living-ecology coordination in the target space area, and the public service network dynamic model based on network operation in the target space area, it 1s found that spatial discreteness-network associations generate efficient flow paths, spatial discreteness- coordination associations generate elastic shared paths, and the functional relationship between spatial discreteness, coordination, and network is consistent with the characteristics of flow space. 2. The characteristics of flow space are used to analyze the spatial model of public services in the grassland and pastoral areas. The purpose is to break through the bottleneck of facility layout and development brought by space discreteness with the mobility of elements, and to form a purposeful and variable dynamic model based on the cognitive information of the social network and the connectivity of the traffic network paths. In the process of constructing a space system in the grassland and pastoral areas, such system has active adaptability, and the networked logics will change the process and results of the space production and cultural cognition, further affecting the space relationship integration and the space structure system. 3. The flow space system is mainly based on the social network system, and more consideration is given to external connectivity, which improves the freedom of spatial location selection, but it does not completely abandon the spatial hierarchy and circle structure system, and it is a kind of thinking on the reconstruction of space system under real conditions. 4. The agglomeration and diffusion effect of the spatial network is produced by the flow of elements in the integrated spatial structure. The hierarchical structure of the network is determined by the node function and the degree of association. With the change of the node agglomeration and diffusion effect, the hierarchical structure of the network will also change. 27

This is precisely a manifestation of the stability of the space network system, and the spatial evolution process of "replacement-decomposition-reorganization” occurs repeatedly. In the layout of public service space, this process will be manifested as a transition from relying on specific facilities to relying on flow space, and from hierarchical circles to "hierarchy + circles + networks" in space system, and finally forming a "compact group + space network" form.

Corresponding to the spatial structures of grassland and pastoral areas, the network correlation and regional coordination are used as the influencing factors to generate element flow, and the correlation between the two is established under the condition of spatial discrete form, forming a three-dimensional spatial structure model and a flow space area in which the three elements work together. 5. The public service space network dynamic circle model, the discrete flow circle model, and the dynamic collaborative circle model act on the interaction interface of spatial discreteness and network, and the spatial discreteness interface, spatial discreteness and coordination interaction interface, respectively; according to the negative relationship between spatial discreteness, network and coordination, an effective flow space area in three- dimensional space is formed. At the same time, the three modes of public service facility layout are projected on this area for superimposition; and according to the overlapping nodes and path areas, the agglomeration, synergy, and mobility facility layout methods are judged to form a public service space flow circle layer model with flow space characteristics.

In a specific embodiment, the applicability of the spatial model specifically includes:

According to the above-mentioned specific embodiment, centering on "space measurement” and "spatial model", from the macro scale to the micro scale, and in accordance with the logic of spatial multi-scale evolution, the regional spatial analysis is extended to typical spatial analysis, from the dynamic mechanism of spatial operation to the spatial model of public services. According to the logic of spatial characteristics fed back to the spatial demand, the space measurement is applied to spatial models, and an abstract analysis of public service spatial models in typical grassland and pastoral areas is finally formed. The analysis does not directly analyze the layout system of public service facilities in the grassland and pastoral areas in accordance with the typical paradigm of public service allocation. Since the population size and circle radius standards for the allocation of public service facilities based on spatial distribution characteristics cannot directly match the urban-rural spatial model of grassland and pastoral areas, it is necessary to reconstruct the space model of typical grassland and pastoral areas on the basis of analyzing the regional spatial model, and then effectively carry the public service demand of regional suitability, and form the public service spatial organization model 28 of grassland and pastoral areas, and carry out the spatial organization and construction of public service resources in the target space area.

The present invention aims to break through the bottleneck of regional space development, and is guided by public service demand, uses spatial models to build a link between the current situation of geographical space and spatial theoretical models, and reveals the spatial phenomena and spatial processes of grassland and pastoral areas in the operation of regional space. According to the spatial logic of "discrete state analysis-collaborative path establishment-network system construction" of residential areas, the spatial organization model of "flow path-spatial coordination-coverage circle" for public services in low-population density areas is described. In the information age, the spatial relationship of spatial network connections presents a form of flow space and profoundly affects the development and evolution of regional space. The establishment of the spatial model of public services in low- population density areas should take the spatial network and social network as the spatial carrier of public services, and the flow elements (mobility services) should still flow according to the spatial carrier. At the same time, according to the relationship between spatial network, discreteness and coordination, the spatial organization model of public services in a low population density area is constructed, and then the appropriate method and model of dynamic spatial organization of public service are summarized.

On the other hand, referring to Fig. 4, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a deciston-making system for the space organization and construction of public services in the grassland and pastoral areas, comprising the following steps:

A spatial measurement module for acquiring current situation data of a public service space in a target area and performing spatial measurement to obtain spatial measurement information of the target space area;

An integration module connected with the spatial measurement module and the evaluation module for correlating the spatial measurement of the target space area with the public service space organization in the target space area based on spatial measurement information of the target space area and the evaluation results of the distribution equality of public service facilities in the target space area; 29

A processing module connected with the integration module for constructing the space organization of public service resources in the target space area according to the correlation result.

Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, focusing on its differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, and reference can be made to the method description section when needed.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments can help those skilled in the art to practice or use the present invention. Modifications of the embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the essence or the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments described herein, but will cover the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features provided herein.

Claims

Conclusions

1. Method for deciding on the organization and construction of public service space in grassland pastoral areas, wherein the method includes the following steps: S100: obtaining the current situation data of the public service space in the target area, and measuring this space to determine the spatial obtain measurement information of the target space area; S200: Obtaining the system status of the public service area in the target space area, and preparing the distribution equalization evaluation of public service facilities in the target space area; S300: correlating the spatial measurement with the organization of the public service space in the target spatial area based on the spatial measurement information and the assessment results of the distribution equalization of the public service facilities in the target spatial area; S400: Building the spatial organization of the public service resources in the target space area according to the correlation results.

A method for deciding organization and construction of public service space in grassland pastoral areas according to claim 1, characterized in that the S100 comprises: S110: obtaining the geographical status data of the public service space in the target area; S120: parsing, the spatial distribution degree of the settlements in the target space area, calculating the agglomeration information and/or distribution information about the spatial layout of the settlement in the target space area, based on the geographical status data of the public service space in the target space target space area to obtain the spatial measurement information of the first target space area; S130: parsing the coordination degree of the production-life-ecology space in the target space area based on the geographical status data of the public service space in the target area, and determining the relationship between the distribution characteristics of the settlement and the production-life-ecology ecology space in the target space area to obtain the spatial measurement information of the second target space area; S140: Parsing the spatial network structure in the target space area based on the geographical status data of the public service space in the target area, and constructing the visualization map of the settlement network system in the 31 target space area to obtain the spatial measurement information of the third target space area.

Method for deciding organization and construction of public service space in grassland pastoral areas according to claim 2, characterized in that the S120 includes: S121: extracting the center of mass of the settlement based on the geographical status data of the public service space in the target area to obtain the center features of the settlement location; S122: determining the boundary of the target range, creating Voronoi polygon set with the center of mass of each settlement as the object, forming the Voronoi map of the settlement with the flag domain and township as the boundary, and determining the spatial distribution agglomeration state information, dispersion state information and settlement equilibrium state information using the spatial coefficient of variation of the Voronoi map; S123: obtaining the discretion degree information based on determining the agglomeration degree by the spatial variation coefficient and based on the spatial distribution agglomeration state information, dispersion state information and equilibrium state information of settlements; S124: calculating the dispersion composite index using the mean distance, the mean centroid distance and the standard deviation of the spatial distance of the settlements and using the Euclidean distance as the distance measurement index, calculating the dispersion composite index by summing the product of standardized index data and corresponding weights by weighting the index with equal weights to obtain the global Moran'sI index, Moran scatter plot and LISA cluster map; S125: repeating the steps of S211 to S124 to analyze the spatial discrete state information after the integrated and planned layout of the settlement, calculating the agglomeration information and/or dispersed information of the spatial layout of the settlement settlement in the target space area to obtain the spatial measurement information of the first target space area.

Method for deciding on organization and construction of public service space in pastoral areas according to claim 2, characterized in that S130 comprises: 32

S131: extracting the polygon data of land use type based on the geographical status data of the public service space in the target area, and dividing it into production space, ecological space and living space according to land use type and function; S132: Establishing evaluation system indicators of the production-life-ecology space by the production space, living space and ecological space, and determining the weight using the Delphi method and the analytical hierarchy method to establish the evaluation system of the production-life-ecology to set up space; S133: analyzing and establishing the evaluation system for the production-life-ecology space, counting and calculating the respective function indicators of the ecological space, production space and living space, and standardizing the positive and negative index from 0-1 according to the MAX-MIN standardization method, and establishing a comprehensive evaluation model of the production-life-ecology space; S134: parsing the coordination degree of the production-life-ecology space in the target space area based on the comprehensive evaluation model of the production-life-ecology space, and determining the relationship between the distribution characteristics of the settlement and the pattern of the production-life-ecology space into the target space area to obtain the spatial measurement information of the second target space area.

Method for deciding organization and construction of public service space in grassland pastoral areas according to claim 2, characterized in that the S140 includes: S141: extracting the settlement data with the individual characteristics based on the geographical status data of the public service space in the target area, analyzing the role of individuals in the overall spatial system, forming the overall space topology, and constructing the settlement network; S142: Obtaining the cognitive distance and the length of the grassland border within the preset range of herders for the corresponding distance of settlements, superimposing the influence range of the settlements, and drawing up a path connection to obtain the network relationship map of to form grassland pastoral settlements; S143: analyzing the degree centrality, intermediate centrality, weight centrality and close centrality of the network based on the network relationship map, the degree degree, average aggregation coefficient, network diameter and average path length indicators of the network are counted, correlating the centrality index with the lay -out characteristics of the settlement, and visualizing the centrality space of the 33 network node in GIS to obtain the visualization map of the settlement network system; S144: classification of the spatial network based on the visualization map of the settlement network system; S145: Repairing the remote sensing image of the road data of the rural roads, urban roads and highways in the target space area, creating a new traffic road network dataset, and using the traffic route effectiveness index in the new traffic road network dataset to determine the characteristics of obtain the traffic network structure of grassland pastoral towns; S146: parsing the connectivity features of the traffic network, determining the service ability of the traffic network to the settlements, and determining the spatial association using the temporal and spatial distance to obtain the spatial measurement information of the third target space area.

A method for deciding organization and construction of public service space in grassland pastoral areas according to claim 2, characterized in that the S200 comprises: S210: obtaining the reality status of the public service space system in the target space area in the remote sensing image map; S220: Evaluating the spatial accessibility of public service facilities in the target space area based on cost distance, nearest distance and mobile search of 2SFCA in two steps; S230: Evaluating the spatial service scope characteristics of public facilities in the target space area using Voronoi diagram analysis and potential analysis method; S240: determining the supply and demand subject of the public services in the target space area, separately evaluating the demand and supply indicators using hierarchy analysis of the AHP to obtain the corresponding elements of the supply and demand subject in the target space area .

Method for deciding organization and construction of public service space in grassland pastoral areas according to claim 6, characterized in that the S300 includes: obtaining the logical relationship of the dynamic mechanism of "discrete-cooperation network" on public services based of the spatial measurement information of the first target space area, the spatial measurement information of the second 34 target space area, the spatial measurement information of the third target space area, the spatial accessibility of public service facilities in the target space area, the characteristics of the spatial service scope of public facilities in the target space area and the corresponding elements of the demand and supply topics of the target space area.

Method for deciding organization and construction of public service space in grassland pastoral areas according to claim 7, characterized in that the S400 comprises: S410: constructing the organizational circle layer of the dynamic network service space, the organizational circle layer of the discrete mobile service space and the organizational circle layer of the dynamic collaborative service space based on the logical relationship between the dynamic mechanism of discrete collaboration network on public services, and constructing the basic spatial model; S420: Analyzing the functional elements and layout patterns of public service facilities in the spatial discrete state with the settlements of the grassland pastoral areas in the target space area as a unit to obtain the content and supply and demand characteristics of public services and facility services; S430: integrating the content and supply and demand characteristics of public services and facility services, constructing a dynamic circle layer of the public facility network, determining the dynamic layout point of the facility and the service circle layer for the layout range mechanism, and building the public facilities according to centralized, collaborative and dynamic functions.

9. System for deciding on organization and construction of public service space in grassland pastoral areas based on the method for deciding on organization and construction of public service space in grassland pastoral areas according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the system includes: Spatial measurement module, for obtaining the current situation data of the public service space in the target area, carrying out spatial measurements to obtain the spatial measurement information of the target space area; Evaluation module, for obtaining the system status of the public service area in the target space area, and preparing the distribution equalization evaluation of the public service facilities in the target space area,

Integration module, for connecting with the spatial measurement degree module and the evaluation module to correlate the spatial measurement with the organization of the public service area 1n the target spatial area based on the spatial measurement information and the assessment results of the distribution equalization of public service facilities in the target spatial area;

Processing module, for connecting with the integration module to build the spatial organization of the public service resources in the target space area according to the correlation results.

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