NL2031051B1 - Bolt mounting device and mounting method - Google Patents

Bolt mounting device and mounting method Download PDF

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Publication number
NL2031051B1
NL2031051B1 NL2031051A NL2031051A NL2031051B1 NL 2031051 B1 NL2031051 B1 NL 2031051B1 NL 2031051 A NL2031051 A NL 2031051A NL 2031051 A NL2031051 A NL 2031051A NL 2031051 B1 NL2031051 B1 NL 2031051B1
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NL
Netherlands
Prior art keywords
bit
drill bit
drilling assembly
drilling
frame
Prior art date
Application number
NL2031051A
Other languages
Dutch (nl)
Inventor
Jiang Dahuan
Huang Ming
Cui Chengjing
Cai Chunhai
Zhao Xin
Tang Changchun
Xie Mingzhou
Gao Libo
Liu Changhong
Zhou Heng
Wu Zhonghua
Liang Xiangdong
Tang Xianquan
Mei Kai
Jing Pengfei
Gao Wen
Peng Fengjiao
Original Assignee
Nanchang Railway Eng Co Ltd Of China Railway 24Th Bureau Group
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nanchang Railway Eng Co Ltd Of China Railway 24Th Bureau Group filed Critical Nanchang Railway Eng Co Ltd Of China Railway 24Th Bureau Group
Priority to NL2031051A priority Critical patent/NL2031051B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of NL2031051B1 publication Critical patent/NL2031051B1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/36—Percussion drill bits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/36—Percussion drill bits
    • E21B10/38—Percussion drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/44—Bits with helical conveying portion, e.g. screw type bits; Augers with leading portion or with detachable parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
    • E21B15/003—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts adapted to be moved on their substructure, e.g. with skidding means; adapted to drill a plurality of wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/01—Arrangements for handling drilling fluids or cuttings outside the borehole, e.g. mud boxes
    • E21B21/015—Means engaging the bore entrance, e.g. hoods for collecting dust
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/22—Equipment for preventing the formation of, or for removal of, dust

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The present disclosure discloses a bolt mounting device and a mounting method. The bolt mounting device includes a frame, a dust reducing element, a drilling assembly and a bit. The drilling assembly is mounted on the frame, one end of the drilling assembly is connected to the bit and the bit is detachable, and the frame is provided with a controller capable of controlling motion of the drilling assembly, and allowing the drilling assembly to drive the bit to rotate and make reciprocating motion, and the drilling assembly is further configured to mount a bolt when the bit is removed, a hardness detection element is disposed on an inner wall of the bit to detect hardness of rock when the bit touches the rock, and the dust reducing element is disposed close to the bit and is configured to reduce dust when the bit is drilling.

Description

BOLT MOUNTING DEVICE AND MOUNTING METHOD
TECHNICAL FIELD
[01] The present disclosure relates to the field of tunnel construction technologies, and in particular to a bolt mounting device and a mounting method.
BACKGROUND ART
[02] In the prior art, a bolt drilling rig has the following disadvantages:
[03] (1) when a drill pipe 1s working, a large amount of dust will be produced during boring, and existing drill pipes cannot easily achieve dust reduction, thereby producing dust pollution, and resulting in occupational diseases and physical injuries of operators; and
[04] (2) when an existing drill pipe is working, the drill pipe is prone to overdrilling and vacant drilling because strength and hardness of a rock stratum at the head of the drill pipe and presence of hollow rock mass cannot be detected in time.
SUMMARY
[05] An objective of the present disclosure is to provide a bolt mounting device and a mounting method to resolve the problems in the prior art, reduce dust pollution in an operating environment and improve operation efficiency.
[06] To achieve the objective, the present disclosure provides the following solutions:
[07] The present disclosure provides a bolt mounting device, including a frame, a dust reducing element, a drilling assembly and a bit, where the drilling assembly is mounted on the frame, one end of the drilling assembly is connected to the bit and the bit is detachable, and the frame is provided with a controller capable of controlling motion of the drilling assembly, and allowing the drilling assembly to drive the bit to rotate and make reciprocating motion so as to achieve drilling and retraction, and the drilling assembly is further configured to mount a bolt when the bit is removed; a hardness detection element is disposed on an inner wall of the bit to detect hardness of rock when the bit touches the rock, transmit a detected signal to the controller, and control motion of the drilling assembly in real time through the controller, so as to further control a working state of the bit; and the dust reducing element is disposed close to the bit and is configured to reduce dust when the bit is drilling.
[08] Preferably, the drilling assembly includes a telescopic element, a power element and a drill pipe, the telescopic element is mounted on the frame and is fixedly connected to the power element, the power element is fixedly connected to one end of the drill pipe, and the other end, away from the power element, of the drill pipe is connected to the bit and the bit is detachable; the telescopic element can drive the drill pipe and the bit to make reciprocating motion, and the power element can drive the drill pipe and the bit to rotate.
[09] Preferably, the telescopic element is a manipulator; and the power element is a motor.
[10] Preferably, the drill pipe is in threaded connection with the bit.
[11] Preferably, the dust reducing element includes a water tank, a pump, a water pipe and a spray head, the water tank and the pump are mounted on a table surface of the frame, the spray head is fixed onto the bit, is configured away from a drilling surface of the bit and is communicated with the water tank through the water pipe, the pump is located on the water pipe and is configured to pump water from the water tank into the water pipe, the water pipe is fixed inside the drilling assembly, and the spray head is configured to spray water for dust reduction during drilling of the bit.
[12] Preferably, the hardness detection element includes a vibration sensor, a wireless signal transmission element and a signal conversion processing element, the vibration sensor is fixed inside the bit, and the bit, when drilling into rock, can transmit a vibration signal to the vibration sensor, and enable the vibration sensor to transmit the vibration signal to the signal conversion processing element through the wireless signal transmission element; the signal conversion processing element is configured to analyze the vibration signal to obtain rock hardness, and transmit a rock hardness signal to the controller to control motion of the drilling assembly through the controller, so as to change the working state of the bit.
[13] Preferably, the bolt mounting device further includes a base and a traveling device, the frame is mounted on the base, the base is fixedly connected to the traveling device, and the traveling device is configured to drive the frame to move.
[14] Preferably, the traveling device is a crawler traveling device.
[15] Preferably, a plurality of hydraulic lifting elements are mounted between the base and the frame, upper ends of the hydraulic lifting elements are fixed at four corners on a lower end face of the frame respectively, lower ends of the hydraulic lifting elements are fixed to the base, and the hydraulic lifting elements are configured to drive the frame to lift and adjust an operating height of the bit.
[16] The present disclosure further discloses a bolt mounting method using the bolt mounting device according to any one of the technical solutions, including the following
S steps:
[17] Sl: turning on a dust reducing element to reduce dust around a borehole, controlling motion of a drilling assembly through a controller, and enabling the drilling assembly to drive a bit to rotate and move in a direction towards rock for boring, detecting hardness of the rock in real time through a hardness detection element during the boring, and adjusting a working state of the bit through the drilling assembly;
[18] SZ: turning off the dust reducing element, controlling motion of the drilling assembly through the controller, and enabling the drilling assembly to drive the bit to exit from the borehole without rotation of the bit;
[19] S3: removing the bit, mounting a bolt onto the drilling assembly, and controlling motion of the drilling assembly through the controller, so that the drilling assembly drives the bolt into the borehole for fixing the bolt; and
[20] S4: controlling the drilling assembly to retract through the controller.
[21] Compared with the prior art, the present disclosure has the following technical effects:
[22] According to the bolt mounting device and the mounting method provided by the present disclosure, the controller controls the drilling assembly to drive the bit to rotate and make reciprocating motion to achieve drilling and retraction, so as to drill a borehole for subsequent mounting of a bolt. The drilling assembly is further configured to mount the bolt when the bit is removed to feed the bolt into the borehole through the drilling assembly for mounting the bolt. The same drilling assembly is used to drive the bit for boring and mounting of the bolt, which saves cost without moving the device repeatedly, so that construction efficiency is improved. A hardness detection element is disposed on an inner wall of the bit to detect hardness and strength of rock and presence of hollow rock mass when the bit touches the rock, transmit a detected signal to the controller, and control motion of the drilling assembly in real time through the controller, so as to control a working state of the bit, thereby avoiding overdrilling and vacant drilling of the bit, and improving operation efficiency. Meanwhile, the working state of the bit is adjusted based on actual condition of the rock to save cost. The dust reducing element 1s disposed close to the bit and is configured to reduce dust when the bit is drilling, so as to avoid a large amount of dust floating in the air during drilling, causing environmental pollution and affecting health of operators.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[23] In order to explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or in the prior art more clearly, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be brietly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely some embodiments of the present disclosure. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
[24] FIG. 1is a schematic diagram of a structure of a bolt mounting device according to Embodiment 1;
[25] FIG. 21s a schematic diagram of a structure of a frame according to Embodiment 1;
[26] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing connection between a water tank and a drill pipe according to Embodiment 1,
[27] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a drilling assembly according to
Embodiment 1;
[28] FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a drill pipe connected to a bit according to
Embodiment I;
[29] FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view of the drill pipe connected to the bit according to Embodiment 1;
[30] FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a lower half of the bit according to Embodiment 1;
[31] FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing connection between the drill pipe and a bolt according to Embodiment 1;
[32] FIG. 9is a schematic diagram of a bolt mounting element connected to the bolt according to Embodiment 1;
[33] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the bolt mounting element according to Embodiment 1;
[34] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a power element according to
Embodiment 1;
[35] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a crawler traveling device according to Embodiment 1;
[36] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a transmission principle of a drive assembly for the crawler traveling device according to Embodiment 1; and
[37] FIG. 14 is a work flow chart of a hardness detection element according to
Embodiment 1;
[38] inthe figures: 100-bolt mounting device, 1-traveling device, 2-base, 3-hydraulic lifting element, 4-frame, 5-controller, 6-water tank, 7-telescopic element, 8-drill pipe, 9- bit, 10-spray head, 11-vibration sensor, 12-bolt, 13-water pipe, 14-power element, 15- mounting member, 16-pump, 17-drive motor, 18-gear, 19-wheels.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[39] The following clearly and completely describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some but not all of embodiments of the present disclosure. Based on the embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts should fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
[40] An objective of the present disclosure is to provide a bolt mounting device and a mounting method to resolve technical problems of low operation efficiency, high cost and environmental pollution of existing bolt mounting devices.
[41] To make the objective, features and advantages of the present disclosure clearer and easier to understand, the present disclosure will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementations.
Embodiment 1
[42] As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 12, the present disclosure provides a bolt mounting device 100, including a frame 4, a dust reducing element, a drilling assembly and a bit 9. The drilling assembly is mounted on the frame 4, one end of the drilling assembly is connected to the bit 9 and the bit 9 is detachable, and the frame 4 is provided with a controller 5 capable of controlling motion of the drilling assembly, and allowing the drilling assembly to drive the bit 9 to rotate and make reciprocating motion to achieve drilling and retraction, so as to drill a borehole for subsequent mounting of a bolt 12.
The drilling assembly is further configured to mount the bolt 12 when the bit 9 is removed to feed the bolt 12 into the borehole through the drilling assembly for mounting the bolt 12. The same drilling assembly is used to drive the bit 9 for boring and mounting of the bolt 12, which saves cost without moving the device repeatedly, so that construction efficiency is improved. A hardness detection element is disposed on an inner wall of the bit 9 to detect hardness and strength of rock and presence of hollow rock mass when the bit 9 touches the rock, transmit a detected signal to the controller 5, and control motion of the drilling assembly in real time through the controller 5, so as to control a working state of the bit 9, thereby avoiding overdrilling and vacant drilling of the bit 9, and improving operation efficiency. Meanwhile, the working state of the bit 9 is adjusted based on actual condition of the rock to save cost. The dust reducing element is disposed close to the bit 9 and is configured to reduce dust when the bit 9 is drilling, so as to avoid a large amount of dust floating in the air during drilling, causing environmental pollution and affecting health of operators.
[43] Specifically, the drilling assembly includes a telescopic element 7, a power element 14 and a drill pipe 8, the telescopic element 7 is mounted on the frame 4 and is fixedly connected to the power element 14, the power element 14 is fixedly connected to one end of the drill pipe 8, so that the telescopic element 7 can drive the power element 14, the drill pipe 8 and the bit 9 to move synchronously when the telescopic element is telescoping, thereby avoiding interaction between telescoping of the telescopic element 7 and rotation of the power element 14; and the other end, away from the power element 14, of the drill pipe 8 is connected to the bit 9 and the bit 9 is detachable; the telescopic element 7 can drive the drill pipe 8 and the bit 9 to make reciprocating motion, and the power element 14 can drive the drill pipe 8 and the bit 9 to rotate. To drill a borehole, the power element 14 is connected to the bit 9 to drill the borehole by rotation and movement of the bit 9. A mounting member 15 is fixed inside the drill pipe 8. To mount the bolt 12, the bit 9 is removed, and then the bolt 12 is inserted into the drill pipe 8 and clamped onto the mounting member 15 to achieve connection between the bolt 12 and the drill pipe 8, so as to enable the drill pipe 8 to drive the bolt 12 into the borehole.
[44] The telescopic element 7 is a manipulator capable of driving the drill pipe 8 and the bit 9 to move stably, and the power element 14 is a motor, which achieves stable rotation of the drill pipe 8 and the bit 9, so as to ensure normal boring and normal fixation of the bolt 12.
[45] The drill pipe 8 is in threaded connection with the bit 9 to facilitate disassembly,
and the bit 9 rotates in a direction consistent with a tightening direction of the drill pipe 8 and the bit 9, so as to avoid the bit 9 from falling off during drilling and affecting operation efficiency.
[46] The dust reducing element includes a water tank 6, a pump 16, a water pipe 13 and a spray head 10, the water tank 6 and the pump 16 are mounted on a table surface of the frame 4, the water tank 6 is configured to store water temporarily to achieve continuous dust reduction, and the pump 16 is mounted on the water pipe 13 and configured to pump water from the water tank 6 into the water pipe 13 to ensure stability of water outflow and continuous water outflow. The spray head 10 is fixed onto the bit 9 and is configured away from a drilling surface of the bit 9 to avoid the bit 9 from damaging the spray head 10 during drilling, and affecting the service life, and the spray head 10 is configured close to the bit 9 to reduce dust from sources of dust, and form a water mist barrier to improve dust reduction effect. The spray head 10 is configured to spray water for dust reduction during drilling of the bit 9, and the spray head 10 is communicated with the water tank 6 through the water pipe 13 fixed inside the drilling assembly, so that the water pipe 13 is accommodated to avoid the water pipe 13 from being exposed and damaged.
[47] The hardness detection element includes a vibration sensor 11, a wireless signal transmission element and a signal conversion processing element, the vibration sensor ll istfixed inside the bit 9, and the bit 9, when drilling into rock, can transmit a vibration signal to the vibration sensor 11 which vibrates to cause a change in resistance, thereby causing a change in current, and the vibration sensor 11 is enabled to transmit a current signal to the signal conversion processing element through the wireless signal transmission element; the signal conversion processing element is configured to analyze the current signal to obtain rock hardness, and transmit a rock hardness signal to the controller 5 to control motion of the drilling assembly through the controller 5, so as to change the working state of the bit 9, and adjust an advancing speed and a rotating speed of the bit 9 for real-time detection of rock strength and hardness, so as to change the working state of the bit 9 based on actual condition of the rock. Meanwhile, when a value detected by the hardness detection element exceeds a set value, the bit 9 stops working, thereby avoiding overdrilling and vacant drilling, and reducing cost.
[48] The bolt mounting device 100 provided in the embodiment further includes a base 2 and a traveling device 1, the frame 4 is mounted on the base 2 to ensure overall stability of the frame 4; the base 2 is fixedly connected to the traveling device 1, and the traveling device 1 is configured to drive the frame 4 to move, so as to facilitate overall movement of the bolt mounting device 100.
[49] The traveling device 1 is a crawler traveling device capable of adapting to
S different landforms, with high operation efficiency and long service life.
[50] A plurality of hydraulic lifting elements 3 are mounted between the base 2 and the frame 4, upper ends of the hydraulic lifting elements 3 are fixed at four corners on a lower end face of the frame 4 respectively, lower ends of the hydraulic lifting elements 3 are fixed to the base 2, and the hydraulic lifting elements 3 are configured to drive the frame 4 to lift and achieve lifting of the bit 9, thereby achieving construction on working faces at different heights and improving overall scope of application. [S1] The frame 4 is further provided with a driver’s seat, and equipped with a steering wheel, buttons and other elements to directly control motion of a drive assembly for the crawler traveling device, and thus control traveling of the crawler traveling device. More preferably, a drive motor 17 drives a gear 18 to rotate, and wheels 19 inside the crawler traveling device rotate through transmission of the gear 18 to achieve traveling of the crawler traveling device, so that an operator can directly control overall movement of the bolt mounting device 100, which facilitates operation.
Embodiment 2
[52] The embodiment provides a bolt mounting method using the bolt mounting device 100 according to Embodiment 1, including the following steps:
[53] SI: controlling motion of the drilling assembly through the controller 5, and enabling the drilling assembly to drive the bit 9 to rotate and move in a direction towards rock for boring, and turning on a dust reducing element to reduce dust around a borehole for dust reduction while boring, avoid environmental pollution, and avoid affecting health of operators, and detecting strength and hardness of the rock in real time through a hardness detection element during the boring to automatically adjust a working state of the bit 9 in real time;
[54] S2: turning off the dust reducing element, controlling motion of the drilling assembly through the controller 5, and enabling the drilling assembly to drive the bit 9 to exit from the borehole without rotation of the bit 9 to achieve retraction of the bit 9 after the boring for fixing a bolt 12;
[55] S3: removing the bit 9, mounting the bolt 12 onto the drilling assembly, and controlling motion of the drilling assembly through the controller 5, so that the drilling assembly drives the bolt 12 into the borehole for fixing the bolt 12; and [S6] S4: controlling the drilling assembly to retract through the controller 5 for next use
[57] Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principle and implementations of the present disclosure. The above embodiments are described merely to help understand the method of the present disclosure and the core ideas thereof. Meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, there may be changes in specific implementations and application scope according to the ideas of the present disclosure. To sum up, the content of the specification should not be construed as limitations to the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

ConclusiesConclusions 1. Boutmontage-inrichting die een frame, een stofverminderingselement, een boorsamenstel en een boorijzer omvat, waarbij het boorsamenstel gemonteerd is op het frame, één eind van het boorsamenstel verbonden is met het boorijzer waarbij het boorijzer afneembaar is, en het frame voorzien is van een besturing in staat tot het besturen van beweging van het boorsamenstel, en het mogelijk maakt voor het boorsamenstel om het boorijzer aan te drijven om te roteren en heen en weer gaande bewegingen te maken om zo boren en terugtrekking te bewerkstelligen, en het boorsamenstel verder geconfigureerd is om een bout te monteren wanneer het boorijzer is verwijderd; een hardheiddetectie-element aangebracht is op een binnenwand van het boorijzer om hardheid van steen te detecteren wanneer het boorijzer steen aanraakt, een gedetecteerd signaal uit te zenden naar de besturing, en beweging van het boorsamenstel te besturen in realtime via de besturing, om zo verder een werkende toestand van het boorijzer te besturen; en het stofverminderingselement dichtbij het boorijzer aangebracht is en geconfigureerd om stof te verminderen wanneer het boorijzer aan het boren is.1. Bolt mounting device comprising a frame, a dust reduction element, a drilling assembly and a drill bit, the drilling assembly being mounted on the frame, one end of the drilling assembly being connected to the drilling bit, the drilling bit being removable, and the frame being provided with a controller capable of controlling movement of the drilling assembly, and allowing the drilling assembly to drive the drill bit to rotate and reciprocate to effect drilling and retraction, and further configured the drilling assembly is to install a bolt when the drill bit is removed; a hardness sensing element is mounted on an inner wall of the drill bit to detect hardness of stone when the drill bit touches stone, transmit a detected signal to the controller, and control movement of the drill assembly in real time through the controller, and so on control a working state of the drill bit; and the dust reduction element is located close to the drill bit and configured to reduce dust when the drill bit is drilling. 2. Boutmontage-inrichting volgens conclusie 1 waarbij het boorsamenstel een telescopisch element, een aandrijfelement en een boorpijp omvat, waarbij het telescopisch element gemonteerd is op het frame en vast verbonden is met het aandrijfelement, waarbij het aandrijfelement vast verbonden is met één eind van de boorpijp, en het andere eind van de boorpijp dat op afstand is van het aandrijfelement verbonden is met het boorijzer en het boorijzer afneembaar is; waarbij het telescopisch element de boorpijp en het boorijzer aan kan drijven om heen en weer gaande beweging te maken, en het aandrijfelement de boorpijp en het boorijzer aan kan drijven om te roteren.2. Bolt mounting device according to claim 1, wherein the drilling assembly comprises a telescopic element, a driving element and a drill pipe, the telescopic element being mounted on the frame and fixedly connected to the driving element, the driving element being fixedly connected to one end of the drill pipe, and the other end of the drill pipe that is remote from the driving element is connected to the drill bit and the drill bit is removable; wherein the telescopic element can drive the drill pipe and the drill bit to make reciprocating movement, and the driving element can drive the drill pipe and the drill bit to rotate. 3. Boutmontage-inrichting volgens conclusie 2 waarbij het telescopisch element een manipulator is; en het aandrijfelement een motor is.3. Bolt mounting device according to claim 2, wherein the telescopic element is a manipulator; and the drive element is a motor. 4. Boutmontage-inrichting volgens conclusie 2 waarbij de boorpijp via schroefdraad verbonden is met het boorijzer.4. Bolt mounting device according to claim 2, wherein the drill pipe is connected to the drill bit via screw thread. S11 -S11 - 5. Boutmontage-inrichting volgens conclusie 1 waarbij het stofverminderingselement een watertank, een pomp, een waterleiding en een sproeikop omvat, waarbij de watertank en de pomp gemonteerd zijn op een tafeloppervlak van het frame, de sproeikop bevestigd is op het boorijzer, geconfigureerd is op afstand van een booroppervlak van het boorijzer en in verbinding is gesteld met de watertank via de waterleiding, de pomp zich bevind op de waterleiding en geconfigureerd is om water van de watertank naar de waterleiding te pompen, de waterleiding in het boorsamenstel bevestigd is, en de sproeikop geconfigureerd is om water de sproeien voor stofvermindering tijdens het boren van het boorijzer.5. The bolt mounting device of claim 1 wherein the dust reduction element includes a water tank, a pump, a water pipe and a spray head, the water tank and the pump being mounted on a table surface of the frame, the spray head being mounted on the drill bit, configured on away from a drilling surface of the drill bit and connected to the water tank via the water pipe, the pump is located on the water pipe and configured to pump water from the water tank to the water pipe, the water pipe is secured in the drilling assembly, and the nozzle is configured to spray water for dust reduction while drilling the drill bit. 6. Boutmontage-inrichting volgens conclusie 1 waarbij het hardheiddetectie- element een vibratiesensor, een draadlozesignaaluitzendelement en een signaalomzetverwerkingselement omvat, waarbij de vibratiesensor bevestigd is in het boorijzer, en het boorijzer, tijdens het boren in steen, een vibratiesignaal kan uitzenden, en het mogelijk maakt om de vibratiesensor een vibratiesignaal uit te laten zenden naar het signaalomzetverwerkingselement via het draadlozesignaaluitzendelement; waarbij het signaalomzetverwerkingselement geconfigureerd is om het vibratiesignaal te analyseren om steenhardheid te verkrijgen, en een steenhardheidsignaal uit te zenden naar de besturing om beweging van het boorsamenstel te besturen via de besturing, om zo de werkende toestand van het boorijzer te veranderen.The bolt mounting device according to claim 1, wherein the hardness detecting element comprises a vibration sensor, a wireless signal transmitting element and a signal converting processing element, wherein the vibration sensor is mounted in the drill bit, and the drill bit, while drilling in rock, can emit a vibration signal, and it is possible to causes the vibration sensor to transmit a vibration signal to the signal converting processing element via the wireless signal transmitting element; wherein the signal converting processing element is configured to analyze the vibration signal to obtain rock hardness, and transmit a rock hardness signal to the controller to control movement of the drilling assembly through the controller, so as to change the operating condition of the drill bit. 7. Boutmontage-inrichting volgens conclusie 1 die verder een onderstel en een verplaatsingsinrichting omvat, waarbij het frame op het onderstel gemonteerd is, het onderstel vast verbonden is met de verplaatsingsinrichting, en de verplaatsingsinrichting geconfigureerd is om het frame aan te drijven om te bewegen.The bolt mounting device of claim 1 further comprising a chassis and a moving device, wherein the frame is mounted on the chassis, the chassis is rigidly connected to the moving device, and the moving device is configured to drive the frame to move. 8. Boutmontage-inrichting volgens conclusie 7 waarbij de verplaatsingsinrichting een rupsbandverplaatsingsinrichting is.8. Bolt mounting device according to claim 7, wherein the moving device is a caterpillar moving device. 9. Boutmontage-inrichting volgens conclusie 7 waarbij een veelheid van hydraulische hijselementen tussen het onderstel en het frame gemonteerd zijn, bovenste einden van de hydraulische hijselementen respectievelijk op vier hoeken van een9. Bolt mounting device according to claim 7, wherein a plurality of hydraulic hoisting elements are mounted between the chassis and the frame, upper ends of the hydraulic hoisting elements respectively at four corners of a S12 - onderzijde van het frame bevestigd zijn, onderste einden van de hydraulische hijselementen op het onderstel bevestigd zijn, en de hydraulische hijselementen geconfigureerd zijn om het frame aan te drijven om te hijsen en de werkhoogte van het boorijzer aan te passen.S12 - are attached to the bottom of the frame, lower ends of the hydraulic lifting elements are attached to the base, and the hydraulic lifting elements are configured to drive the frame for lifting and adjust the working height of the drill bit. 10. Boutmontage-werkwijze die de boutmontage-inrichting gebruikt volgens één van conclusies 1-9 die de volgende stappen omvat: S1: het aanzetten van een stofverminderingselement om stof te verminderen rondom een boorgat, het controleren van beweging van een boorsamenstel via een besturing, en het in staat stellen van het boorsamenstel om een boorijzer aan te drijven om te roteren en te bewegen in een richting naar steen voor het boren, het detecteren van hardheid van het steen in realtime via een hardheiddetectie-element gedurende het boren, en het aanpassen van een werktoestand van het boorijzer via het boorsamenstel, S2: het uitzetten van het stofverminderingselement, het besturen van beweging van het boorsamenstel via de besturing, en het in staat stellen van het boorsamenstel om het boorijzer aan te drijven om het boorgat te verlaten zonder roteren van het boorijzer; S3: het verwijderen van het boorijzer, het monteren van een bout op het boorsamenstel, en het besturen van beweging van het boorsamenstel via de besturing, zodat het boorsamenstel de bout in het boorgat drijft voor het bevestigen van de bout; en S4: het besturen van het boorsamenstel om terug te trekken middels de besturing.A bolt mounting method using the bolt mounting device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprising the steps of: S1: turning on a dust reduction element to reduce dust around a borehole, controlling movement of a drilling assembly via a controller, and enabling the drilling assembly to drive a drill bit to rotate and move in a direction toward rock for drilling, detecting hardness of the rock in real time via a hardness sensing element during drilling, and adjusting of an operating state of the drill bit through the drilling assembly, S2: turning off the dust reduction element, controlling movement of the drilling assembly through the controller, and enabling the drilling assembly to drive the drilling bit to exit the borehole without rotating of the drill bit; S3: removing the drill bit, mounting a bolt on the drilling assembly, and controlling movement of the drilling assembly via the controller so that the drilling assembly drives the bolt into the borehole to secure the bolt; and S4: controlling the drilling assembly to retract by means of the control.
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