NL2030004B1 - Abutment and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abutment and construction method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
NL2030004B1
NL2030004B1 NL2030004A NL2030004A NL2030004B1 NL 2030004 B1 NL2030004 B1 NL 2030004B1 NL 2030004 A NL2030004 A NL 2030004A NL 2030004 A NL2030004 A NL 2030004A NL 2030004 B1 NL2030004 B1 NL 2030004B1
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Netherlands
Prior art keywords
abutment
ridge
earth
retaining plate
foundation
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NL2030004A
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Dutch (nl)
Inventor
Zhao Yingxiang
Zheng Kaiyuan
Chang Liang
Zeng Xionghui
Huang Zhongxu
Wen Tianyu
Original Assignee
Univ Nanchang Hangkong
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Priority to NL2030004A priority Critical patent/NL2030004B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of NL2030004B1 publication Critical patent/NL2030004B1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/02—Piers; Abutments ; Protecting same against drifting ice
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an abutment including an abutment body, a foundation, an earth—retaining board, an abutment back, plurality of anchor plates, and plurality of tie bars. The foundation is fixed underground; the abutment body and the earth—retaining board 5 are both fixed on the foundation; a first side of the earth— retaining board resists against the abutment body; a second side of the earth—retaining board is fixed to an embankment; the abutment back is fixed at an upper end of the abutment body; the abutment back is used for supporting a girder; one side of the 10 abutment back resists against a first side of the earth—retaining board; the plurality of anchor plates are fixed inside the embankment; first ends of the plurality of tie bars are fixed on the abutment body, the abutment back, and the earth—retaining board; and a second end of one tie bar is fixed to one anchor 15 plate. (+ Fig. 4)

Description

P864/NLpd
ABUTMENT AND CONSTRUCTION METHOD THEREOF
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to the technical field of abut- ments, in particular to an abutment and a construction method thereof.
BACKGROUND ART
Abutments located at both ends of a bridge are structures that support an upper structure of the bridge and are connected with an embankment. In addition to a function of transmitting a load of the upper structure of the bridge to the outside of a foundation, the abutment also has a function of resisting a fill- ing pressure behind the abutment, stabilizing a subgrade at a bridge end, and making lines at the bridge end and lines on the bridge connect reliably and smoothly. General abutments are stone- built or plain concrete structures, while lightweight abutments are reinforced concrete structures. An abutment is a supporting structure for a joint between the bridge and the embankment on a shore or at the end of a bridge hole. It plays a role of support- ing the upper structure and connecting the roads on both sides while blocking filled earth behind the abutment. Abutments are mainly divided into gravity abutments and lightweight abutments.
As shown in FIG. 1, the soil pressure behind the gravity abutment is mainly balanced by its own weight, so the abutment body is relatively thick and can be built with masonry materials such as natural stone, schist concrete, or concrete instead of steel bars, and is constructed by a poured-in-place method. It is suitable for areas with good foundations and where sand and gravel materials are readily available. The main disadvantage is that the masonry has a large volume, and its own weight and water blocking area are also large.
The lightweight abutment is small in volume and light in weight, is generally constructed by reinforced concrete materials, and can bear external forces with the help of the overall rigidity and material strength of the structure, thereby saving materials, lowering the requirements for foundation strength, enlarging the application range, and opening an economic and feasible way for building an abutment on a soft soil foundation, without disposing a bridge end transition slab.
FIG. 2 shows a first common type of lightweight abutment. A temporary support is needed to ensure the stability of a side slope of the embankment during construction. After a bridge is built and operated, under a long-term vehicle load, the stability of the side slope of the embankment behind the abutment can also be ensured. There is no bump phenomenon here. However, the abut- ment body is independent. Once there is a relatively high horizon- tal braking force, the abutment body is easy to topple over, caus- ing a stability problem and endangering the safety of the bridge, so this abutment body is only suitable for small bridges and short abutments.
FIG. 3 shows a second common type of lightweight abutment. An abutment body and an earth-retaining board are integrated with soil behind the abutment through tie rods. A temporary support is needed to ensure the stability of the side slope of the embankment during construction. After the bridge is completed, the temporary support of the earth-retaining board needs to be removed. However, if the soil of the side slope of the embankment is loose, a land- slide of the embankment behind the abutment back above the earth- retaining board will occur under the disturbance of construction.
Therefore, a novel abutment is urgently needed in the field of bridge construction to solve the above-mentioned problems.
SUMMARY
The present invention aims to provide an abutment and a con- struction method thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems in the exiting art, which greatly improves the stability of the abutment and avoids an embankment landslide.
To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following solution.
The present invention discloses an abutment including an abutment body, a foundation, an earth-retaining board, an abutment back, a plurality of anchor plates, and a plurality of tie bars.
The foundation is fixed underground; the abutment body and the earth-retaining board are both fixed on the foundation; a first side of the earth-retaining board resists against the abutment body; a second side of the earth-retaining board is fixed to an embankment; the abutment back is fixed at an upper end of the abutment body; the abutment back is used for supporting a girder; one side of the abutment back resists against a first side of the earth-retaining board; the plurality of anchor plates are fixed inside the embankment; first ends of the plurality of tie bars are fixed on the abutment body, the abutment back, and the earth- retaining board; and a second end of one tie bar is fixed to one anchor plate.
Preferably, the abutment back is an L-shaped structure, which has a step surface used for supporting the girder.
Preferably, the step surface is provided with a support used for supperting the girder.
Preferably, a lower end of the abutment body is flush with a lower end of the earth-retaining board, and an upper end of the abutment back is flush with an upper end of the earth-retaining board.
Preferably, the first ends of the tie bars are respectively fixed on the abutment body, the abutment back, and the earth- retaining board through anchor bolts.
The present invention further discloses a construction method for an abutment, including the following steps:
Sl: manufacturing a support structure while excavating an em- bankment to ensure the stability of a side slope of the embankment till a design depth;
S2: manufacturing reinforcing meshes of a foundation, an abutment body, supporting templates, and an abutment back, and vi- brating and pouring concrete;
S3: dismantling the templates after the concrete meets a strength requirement; and
S4: arranging a support on the abutment back, and erecting a girder in place.
Preferably, a support device includes an earth-retaining board, tie bars, anchor plates, and anchor bolts.
Preferably in S2, when the reinforcing meshes of the founda- tion, the abutment body, and the abutment back are manufactured, steel sleeves are used to reserve holes in the abutment body and the abutment back.
Compared with the existing art, the following beneficial technical effects are achieved in the present invention.
The earth-retaining board and the anchor plates are fastened together through the tie bars; an active soil pressure of a filler behind the earth-retaining board acts on the earth-retaining board and is then transmitted to the anchor plates through the tie bars; and the anchor plates balance pull forces of the tie bars by de- pending on drawing forces generated by the soil that is located in front of the anchor plates and has certain shear-bearing capacity, =o that the whole structure is in a stable state.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In order to describe embodiments of the present disclosure or technical solutions in the existing art more clearly, drawings re- quired to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It is apparent that the drawings in the descriptions below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those of ordi- nary skill in the art also can obtain other drawings according to these drawings without making creative work.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gravity abut- ment in the existing art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first common type of lightweight abutment in the existing art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second common type of lightweight abutment in the existing art; and
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an abutment in the present embodiment.
In the drawings: 1: abutment body; 2: foundation; 3: earth- retaining board; 4: embankment; 5: abutment back; 6: support; 7: anchor plate; 8: tie bar; and 9: girder.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
The following clearly and completely describes the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention in combina- tion with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the pre- 5 sent invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all embodi- ments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all oth- er embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention aims to provide an abutment and a con- struction method thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems in the exiting art, which greatly improves the stability of the abutment and avoids an embankment landslide.
In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, characteris- tics and advantages of the present invention more obvious and un- derstandable, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific im- plementation modes.
As shown in FIG. 4, the present embodiment provides an abut- ment including an abutment body 1, a foundation 2, an earth- retaining board 3, an abutment back 5, a plurality of anchor plates 7, and a plurality of tie bars 8. The foundation 2 is fixed below the earth surface close to a lower end of an embankment 4, and the abutment body 1 and the earth-retaining board 3 are both fixed on the foundation 2. A first side of the earth-retaining board 3 resists against the abutment body 1, and a second side of the earth-retaining board 3 is fixed to the embankment 4. Through holes for allowing the tie bars 8 to pass are reserved in the earth-retaining board 3. The abutment back 5 is fixed at an upper end of the abutment body 1 and is used for supporting a girder 9 on one side; one side of the abutment back 5 resists against the first side of the earth-retaining board 3; the plurality of anchor plates 7 are fixed inside the embankment 4; first ends of the plu- rality of tire bars 8 are fixed on the abutment body 1, the abut- ment back 5, and the earth-retaining board 3; and a second end of one tie bar 8 is fixed on one anchor plate 7.
The earth-retaining board 3 and the anchor plates 7 are fas- tened together through the tie bars 8; an active soil pressure of a filler behind the earth-retaining board 3 acts on the earth- retaining board 3 and is then transmitted to the anchor plates 7 through the tie bars 8; and the anchor plates 7 balance pull forc- es of the tie bars 8 by depending on drawing forces generated by the soil that is located in front of the anchor plates and has certain shear-bearing capacity, so that the whole structure is in a stable state.
For the specific structure of the abutment back 5, in the present embodiment, the abutment back 5 is an L-shaped structure, which may use an L-shaped plate piece. A transition part on the abutment back 5 has a step surface which faces away from the earth-retaining board 3. The step surface is used for supporting the girder 9. Those skilled in the art can adjust the size of the abutment back 5 according to an actual need.
Further, the step surface is provided with a support 6 used for supporting the girder. The structure of the support 6 may use the support 6 for supporting the girder 9 in the existing art. The support 6 shall be selected in combination with a load transmitted from the girder, a girder-side displacement, and an area of the step surface.
In the present embodiment, a sum of the heights of the abut- ment body 1 and the abutment back 5 is equal to the height of the earth-retaining board 3. That is, the lower end of the abutment body 1 is flush with the lower end of the earth-retaining board 3, and the upper end of the abutment back 5 is flush with the upper end of the earth-retaining board 3. In this way, it can be ensured that when a bridge deck is transitioned to the embankment 4, the pavement is flat and neat, without bumps.
A fixing method for the tie bars 8 may be selected according to the type of actually needed tie bars 8. In the present embodi- ment, the first ends of the tie bars 8 are respectively fixed on the abutment body 1, the abutment back 5, and the earth-retaining board 3 through anchor bolts. The anchor bolts are respectively located on the left sides of the abutment body 1, the abutment back 5, and the earth-retaining board 3, so as to prevent the tie bars 8 from falling off from the abutment body 1, the abutment back 5, and the earth-retaining board 3.
The present embodiment further discloses a construction meth- od for an abutment, including the following steps.
Sl: A support structure is manufactured while an embankment 4 is excavated to ensure the stability of a side slope of the em- bankment 4 till a design depth. The design depth may be set ac- cording to an actual need.
S2: Reinforcing meshes of a foundation 2, an abutment body 1, and an abutment back 5 are manufactured, then templates are sup- ported, and concrete is vibrated and poured, so as to form a rein- forced concrete structure.
S3: The templates are dismantled after the concrete meets a strength requirement.
S4: A support 6 is arranged on the abutment back 5, and a girder 9 is erected in place.
For a support structure, in the present embodiment, a support device includes an earth-retaining board 3, tie bars 8, anchor plates 7, and anchor bolts.
In order to realize fixing of the tie bars 8, in the present embodiment, in the step of S2, when the reinforcing meshes of the foundation 2, the abutment body 1, and the abutment back 5 are manufactured, steel sleeves are used to reserve holes in the abut- ment body 1 and the abutment back 5. The holes need to correspond to the holes in the earth-retaining board 3 and the embankment 4 and are used for allowing the tie bars 8 to pass in the later stage.
The principle and implementation modes of the present inven- tion are described by applying specific examples in the present specification. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only intended to help to understand the method of the present invention and a core idea of the method. In addition, those ordinarily skilled in the art can make changes to the specific implementation modes and the application scope according to the idea of the pre- sent invention. From the above, the contents of the specification shall not be deemed as limitations to the present invention.

Claims (4)

CONCLUSIESCONCLUSIONS 1. Landhoofd, met het kenmerk, dat het omvat een landhoofdlichaam, een fundering, een grondkeringplaat, een landhoofdrug, een veel- voud aan ankerplaten en een veelvoud aan trekstangen, waarbij de fundering ondergronds is bevestigd; het landhoofdlichaam en de bo- demplaat beide op de fundering zijn bevestigd; een eerste zijde van de grondkeringplaat weerstaat tegen het landhoofdlichaam; een tweede zijde van de grondkeringplaat is bevestigd aan een talud; waarbij de landhoofdrug is bevestigd aan een boveneinde van het landhoofdlichaam; de landhoofdrug wordt gebruikt voor het onder- steunen van een ligger; een zijde van de landhoofdrug weerstaat tegen een eerste zijde van de grondkeringplaat; waarbij het veel- voud aan ankerplaten in het talud is bevestigd; de eerste uitein- den van het veelvoud aan trekstangen zijn bevestigd op het land- hoofdlichaam, de landhoofdrug en de grondkeringplaat; een tweede uiteinde van een trekstang is bevestigd aan een ankerplaat; de landhoofdrug van het landhoofd een L-vormige structuur is, die een getrapt oppervlak heeft dat wordt gebruikt voor het ondersteunen van de ligger; en het getrapte oppervlak is voorzien van een steun die wordt gebruikt voor het ondersteunen van de ligger.Land abutment, characterized in that it comprises an abutment body, a foundation, an earth retaining plate, an abutment ridge, a plurality of anchor plates and a plurality of tie rods, the foundation being fixed underground; the abutment body and bottom plate are both fixed to the foundation; a first side of the retaining plate resists the abutment body; a second side of the retaining plate is attached to a slope; wherein the abutment ridge is attached to an upper end of the abutment body; the abutment ridge is used to support a girder; one side of the abutment ridge resists against a first side of the retaining plate; wherein the plurality of anchor plates are fixed in the slope; the first ends of the plurality of tie rods are attached to the abutment body, abutment ridge and retaining plate; a second end of a tie rod is attached to an anchor plate; the abutment ridge of the abutment is an L-shaped structure, which has a stepped surface used for supporting the girder; and the stepped surface is provided with a strut used to support the girder. 2. Landhoofd volgens conclusie 1, met het kenmerk, dat een onder- ste uiteinde van het landhoofdlichaam gelijk ligt met een onderste uiteinde van de grondkeringplaat en een bovenste uiteinde van de landhoofdrug gelijkloopt met een bovenste uiteinde van de grondke- ringplaat .Land abutment according to claim 1, characterized in that a lower end of the abutment body is flush with a lower end of the retaining plate and an upper end of the abutment ridge is flush with an upper end of the retaining plate. 3. Landhoofd volgens conclusie 1, met het kenmerk, dat de eerste uiteinden van de trekstangen door middel van ankerbouten respec- tievelijk aan het landhoofdlichaam, de landhoofdrug en de grondke- ringplaat zijn bevestigd.Land abutment according to claim 1, characterized in that the first ends of the tie rods are attached to the abutment body, the abutment ridge and the earth retaining plate respectively by means of anchor bolts. 4. Constructiewerkwijze voor het landhoofd volgens een van de con- clusies 1 tot 5, met het kenmerk, dat deze de volgende stappen om- vat:Abutment construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Sl: het vervaardigen van een draagconstructie bij het uitgraven van een talud om de stabiliteit van een zijhelling van het talud te verzekeren tot een ontwerpdiepte; S2: het vervaardigen van wapeningsnetten van een fundering, een landhoofdlichaam, steunmallen en een landhoofdrug, en het trillen en storten van beton; S3: het demonteren van de mallen nadat het beton voldoet aan een sterkte-eis; en S4: het aanbrengen van een steun op de landhoofdrug en het op zijn plaats brengen van een ligger; waarbij een ondersteuningsinrichting een grondkeringplaat, trek- stangen, ankerplaten en ankerbouten omvat; in S2, wanneer de wapeningsnetten van de fundering, het landhoofd- lichaam en de landhoofdrug worden vervaardigd, het gebruiken van stalen hulzen om gaten in het landhoofdlichaam en de landhoofdrug aan te brengen.Sl: the construction of a supporting structure when excavating a slope to ensure the stability of a side slope of the slope up to a design depth; S2: the manufacture of reinforcement nets for a foundation, an abutment body, supporting molds and an abutment ridge, and the vibrating and pouring of concrete; S3: disassembling the molds after the concrete meets a strength requirement; and S4: placing a support on the abutment ridge and placing a girder in place; wherein a support device comprises a retaining plate, tie rods, anchor plates and anchor bolts; in S2, when the reinforcement meshes of the foundation, abutment body and abutment ridge are fabricated, using steel sleeves to make holes in abutment body and abutment ridge.
NL2030004A 2021-12-02 2021-12-02 Abutment and construction method thereof NL2030004B1 (en)

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NL2030004A NL2030004B1 (en) 2021-12-02 2021-12-02 Abutment and construction method thereof

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