NL2029559B1 - Drawing instrument for biofeedback relating to stress - Google Patents

Drawing instrument for biofeedback relating to stress Download PDF

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Publication number
NL2029559B1
NL2029559B1 NL2029559A NL2029559A NL2029559B1 NL 2029559 B1 NL2029559 B1 NL 2029559B1 NL 2029559 A NL2029559 A NL 2029559A NL 2029559 A NL2029559 A NL 2029559A NL 2029559 B1 NL2029559 B1 NL 2029559B1
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user
physical
instrument
signal
adjustable
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NL2029559A
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Dutch (nl)
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Staal Wouter
Van Dongen-Boomsma Martine
Hu Jun
Li Jing
Barakova Emilia
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Univ Eindhoven Tech
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
    • A61B5/6825—Hand
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/16—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state
    • A61B5/165—Evaluating the state of mind, e.g. depression, anxiety
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/48—Other medical applications
    • A61B5/486—Bio-feedback
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/74—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means
    • A61B5/7405—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means using sound
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/74—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means
    • A61B5/7455—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means characterised by tactile indication, e.g. vibration or electrical stimulation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2503/00—Evaluating a particular growth phase or type of persons or animals
    • A61B2503/06—Children, e.g. for attention deficit diagnosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2560/00—Constructional details of operational features of apparatus; Accessories for medical measuring apparatus
    • A61B2560/04—Constructional details of apparatus
    • A61B2560/0406—Constructional details of apparatus specially shaped apparatus housings
    • A61B2560/0418—Pen-shaped housings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/01—Measuring temperature of body parts ; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/0205—Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
    • A61B5/02055—Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular condition and temperature
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6887—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient mounted on external non-worn devices, e.g. non-medical devices

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Psychiatry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
  • Developmental Disabilities (AREA)
  • Educational Technology (AREA)
  • Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
  • Psychology (AREA)
  • Social Psychology (AREA)
  • User Interface Of Digital Computer (AREA)

Abstract

An instrument for drawing and for providing physical feedback about the drawing to a user of the instrument, the instrument having a handheld form and comprising: - at least one sensor configured for sensing at least one physical signal exerted on the instrument by the user, for example relating to a stress level of the user, in particular users with Autism Spectrum Disorder, ASD, or other disorders with high levels of anxiety; and - at least one feedback unit configured for providing at least one physical feedback signal to the user based on the at least one sensed physical signal of the user.

Description

Drawing instrument for biofeedback relating to stress
The present disclosure relates to biofeedback relating to stress. Particular embodiments relate to an instrument for drawing and for providing physical feedback about the drawing to a user of the instrument, and to a method for providing physical feedback about a drawing activity of a user of such a instrument.
It is known that many users of drawing instruments, e.g. children, especially children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), may experience high levels of stress and anxiety. It is desired to detect and manage their stress and anxiety. Of course, ASD is only one example of disorders with high levels of anxiety, and the present disclosure may equally apply to those other disorders. It is an aim of at least some embodiments of the present disclosure to do so in a non-intrusive, non-verbal and natural way.
The present disclosure provides in a first aspect an instrument for drawing and for providing physical feedback about the drawing to a user of the instrument, the instrument having a handheld form and comprising: - at least one sensor configured for sensing at least one physical signal exerted on the pen by the user; and - at least one feedback unit configured for providing at least one physical feedback signal to the user based on the at least one sensed physical signal of the user.
By providing such an instrument, the inventors have found that the instrument may form a non-intrusive and natural device for detecting and managing stress and anxiety in the user, via means of physical feedback about the way the user is using the instrument to draw, in particular the way the user is holding and handling the instrument, represented by the physical signals exerted on the instrument by the user.
Note that a drawing instrument can be used for drawing, which can be defined as an act of using a drawing instrument, such as a pen or a pencil or the like, in order to draw or to write, to leave traces or marks on a surface, usually paper, that can be viewed or read by the user and others. Drawing includes writing, inscribing, inking, scratching, tracing, scribbling, lettering, penning, scribbling, depicting, imaging,
painting, sketching, and similar operations. Also, it will be noted that a drawing instrument such as a pen typically but not necessarily has an elongated body having at one end a drawing tip, because a drawing instrument may of course have a curved body, e.g. in the shape of a banana or a clump, and/or may have multiple drawing tips, at one end or at multiple ends.
Preferably, the at least one physical signal exerted on the instrument by the user relates to a physical stress level of the user, and the at least one physical feedback signal to the user is selected based on meeting an effectiveness criterion relating to mitigation of the physical stress level of the user.
Preferably, the at least one sensor comprises a drawing pressure sensor configured for sensing a drawing pressure, and the at least one physical signal of the user comprises the drawing pressure.
Preferably, the drawing pressure sensor is configured for sensing the drawing pressure at a drawing tip of the instrument.
Note that a tip can also be called a lead.
Preferably, the at least one sensor comprises a holding pressure sensor configured for sensing a holding pressure, and the at least one physical signal of the user comprises the holding pressure.
Preferably, the holding pressure sensor is configured for sensing the holding pressure at an area of the instrument arranged for allowing the user to grip the instrument.
Preferably, the area is a collar area of the instrument, arranged near a or the drawing tip of the instrument.
Note that “near” is defined as being within 5 centimetres of the drawing tip, measured along an axis of the body extending through the body and away from the drawing tip.
Preferably, the holding pressure sensor is arranged at least along a circumference of the collar area of the instrument.
Note that this may be at an outer surface of the collar area, and additionally or alternatively at an inner surface if it is still capable of sensing through the surface.
Preferably, the at least one sensor comprises a temperature sensor configured for sensing a contact temperature representing an intensity of contact with the user, and the at least one physical signal of the user comprises the contact temperature.
Preferably, the at least one sensor comprises a friction sensor configured for sensing a friction force representing an intensity of contact with the user, wherein the at least one physical signal of the user comprises the friction force.
Preferably, the at least one feedback unit comprises at least one actuator configured for vibrating in order to provide the at least one physical feedback signal.
In an example, a piezoelectric motor may be used.
Preferably, the at least one actuator is configured for vibrating in a configurable orientation.
In an example, this may be achieved by using a high-end actuator or simply by using an array of geometrically spaced actuators, e.g. an array of three vibration motors.
Preferably, the at least one feedback unit comprises at least one light source, preferably a LED-based light source, configured for emitting light in order to provide the at least one physical feedback signal.
Preferably, the at least one light source is configured for emitting light of a configurable colour.
Preferably, the at least one light source is configured for emitting light for a configurable time period and/or at a configurable time interval.
Preferably, the at least one feedback unit comprises at least one heat controller configured for heating or cooling at least part of the pen in order to provide the at least one physical feedback signal.
In an example, the heat controller may contain one or more Peltier elements.
Preferably, the at least one feedback unit comprises at least one sound source configured for emitting sound in order to provide the at least one physical feedback signal.
It is preferred that the physical feedback signal is non-verbal because this is less intrusive to the user, especially to children with ASD, in which verbal feedback is generally less understood.
Preferably, the at least one feedback unit is configured for providing at least one physical feedback signal to the user based on a pre-defined mathematical relationship between the at least one sensed physical signal and the at least one physical feedback signal.
Preferably, the at least one feedback unit is configured for providing at least one physical feedback signal to the user based on at least one threshold corresponding with the at least one sensed physical signal, wherein the at least one feedback unit is configured for providing the at least one physical feedback signal to the user based on the at least one sensed physical signal of the user exceeding the at least one corresponding threshold.
In an example, the or each threshold may comprise a combination of threshold values, for example a pressure level and a time duration.
Preferably, the at least one threshold comprises three thresholds.
Advantageously, this makes operation of the pen very intuitive and straightforward for the user, especially children, because it allows a simple delineation between for example such categories as ‘good’, ‘a bit too much’ and ‘way too much’. 5
Preferably, the at least one threshold is configurable using statistical methods based on the at least one corresponding physical signal over a threshold determining period.
Examples of such statistical methods may range from a statistical average of the at least one corresponding physical signal, to any suitable machine learning approaches based on the at least one corresponding physical signal.
Preferably, the at least one threshold is configurable based on a maximum value of the at least one corresponding physical signal.
Preferably, the pen comprises a microcontroller configured for providing the at least one physical feedback signal to the user based on the at least one sensed physical signal of the user in accordance with pre-defined real-time operating constraints.
This is especially advantageous, because by making the feedback loop as short and real-time as possible, this is less intrusive to the user, especially children with ASD, and provides highly objective and proximal data (e.g. without interpretations).
Preferably, the instrument comprises a first communication interface configured for sending the at least one sensed physical signal to a first computer apparatus and for receiving from the first computer apparatus or from a second computer apparatus connected to the first computer apparatus instructions for providing the at least one physical feedback signal to the user.
It is preferred that the first communication interface is wireless, in order to improve ecological validity. Example interfaces include a Bluetooth interface, a Wi-Fi interface, etc.
Preferably, the instrument comprises a second communication interface configured for communicating with at least one external sensor device, in order to obtain from the at least one external sensor device at least one additional physical signal relating to a physical stress level of the user.
Examples of such additional physical signals includes Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and other well-established physical signals relating to physical stress.
It is preferred that the second communication interface is wireless, in order to improve ecological validity. Example interfaces include a Bluetooth interface, a Wi-Fi interface, etc.
In a specific embodiment, the first and second communication interfaces may be one combined interface. Alternatively, they may be two separate interfaces.
The present disclosure provides in a second aspect a method for providing physical feedback about a drawing activity of a user of an instrument according to any previous claim to the user of the instrument, the method comprising: - sensing at least one physical signal exerted on the instrument by the user; and - providing at least one physical feedback signal to the user based on the at least one sensed physical signal of the user.
The skilled person will understand that the same or similar considerations and advantages may apply to the method as the considerations and advantages that were described above for the instrument.
Preferably, the at least one physical signal exerted on the instrument by the user relates to a physical stress level of the user, and the at least one physical feedback signal to the user is selected based on meeting an effectivity criterion relating to mitigation of the physical stress level of the user.
Preferably, the at least one physical signal of the user comprises a drawing pressure.
Preferably, the at least one physical signal of the user comprises a holding pressure.
Preferably, the holding pressure is sensed at an area of the instrument arranged for allowing the user to grip the instrument.
Preferably, the at least one physical signal of the user comprises a contact temperature representing an intensity of contact with the user.
Preferably, the at least one physical signal of the user comprises a friction force representing an intensity of contact with the user.
Preferably, providing the at least one physical feedback signal comprises vibrating.
Preferably, the vibrating is in a configurable orientation.
Preferably, providing the at least one physical feedback signal comprises emitting light.
Preferably, the light is emitting in a configurable colour.
Preferably, the light is emitted for a configurable time period and/or at a configurable time interval.
Preferably, providing the at least one physical feedback signal comprises heating or cooling using at least one heat controller.
Preferably, providing the at least one physical feedback signal comprises emitting sound.
Preferably, the at least one physical feedback signal is provided to the user based on a pre-defined mathematical relationship between the at least one sensed physical signal and the at least one physical feedback signal.
Preferably, the at least one physical feedback signal is provided to the user based on at least one threshold corresponding with the at least one sensed physical signal, and the at least one physical feedback signal is provided to the user based on the at least one sensed physical signal of the user exceeding the at least one corresponding threshold.
In an example, the or each threshold may comprise a combination of threshold values, for example a pressure level and a time duration.
Preferably, the at least one threshold comprises three thresholds.
Preferably, the at least one threshold is configurable using statistical methods based on the at least one corresponding physical signal over a threshold determining period.
Preferably, the method comprises instructing the user to provide a maximum value of the at least one corresponding physical signal; and wherein the at least one threshold is configurable based on the maximum value of the at least one corresponding physical signal.
Preferably, the at least one physical feedback signal is provided to the user based on the at least one sensed physical signal of the user in accordance with pre-defined real- time operating constraints.
Preferably, the method comprises: - sending the at least one sensed physical signal to a first computer apparatus; and - receiving from the first computer apparatus or from a second computer apparatus connected to the first computer apparatus instructions for providing the at least one physical feedback signal to the user.
Preferably, the method comprises: - obtaining from at least one external sensor device at least one additional physical signal relating to a physical stress level of the user; and
- taking into account the at least one additional physical signal relating to the physical stress level of the user in the step of providing the at least one physical feedback signal to the user.
Preferably, the threshold determining period comprises at least a first measurement period, a second measurement period and an intermediate measurement period between the first and second measurement periods, wherein the intermediate measurement period relates to a reduced instruction level compared to the first and second measurement periods, and wherein the threshold determined based on the intermediate measurement period is used to calibrate the threshold determined based on the first and second measurement periods. it is understood that other configurations of the above-described embodiments wil! become readily apparent to the skilled person from the appended detailed description titled “ApEn: A stress-aware pen for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder”, whose entire contents are to be considered included herein, wherein a particular example configuration of the instrument, in this case presented without limitation in the form of a pen, and method ars shown and described by way of illustration, As will be realized, it is possible to modify the instrument and the method without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, which is defined by the independent claims. Accordingly, the appended detailed description and the drawings included therein arg to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.

Claims (15)

CONCLUSIESCONCLUSIONS 1. Instrument om te tekenen en voor het voorzien van fysieke terugkoppeling over het tekenen aan een gebruiker van het instrument, welk instrument een draagbare vorm heeft en omvat: - minstens één sensor ingericht voor het detecteren van minstens één fysiek signaal uitgeoefend op het instrument door de gebruiker; en - minstens één terugkoppelingseenheid ingericht voor het voorzien van minstens één fysiek terugkoppelingssignaal aan de gebruiker op basis van het minstens één gedetecteerde fysieke signaal van de gebruiker.1. Instrument for drawing and for providing physical feedback about drawing to a user of the instrument, which instrument has a portable form and comprises: - at least one sensor adapted to detect at least one physical signal exerted on the instrument by the user; and - at least one feedback unit adapted to provide at least one physical feedback signal to the user based on the at least one detected physical signal of the user. 2. Instrument volgens conclusie 1, waarbij het minstens één fysieke signaal uitgeoefend op het instrument door de gebruiker betrekking heeft op een fysiek stressniveau van de gebruiker, en waarbij het minstens één fysieke terugkoppelingssignaal aan de gebruiker geselecteerd is op basis van het voldoen aan een doelmatigheidscriterium dat betrekking heeft op verzachting van het fysieke stressniveau van de gebruiker.The instrument of claim 1, wherein the at least one physical signal applied to the instrument by the user relates to a physical stress level of the user, and wherein the at least one physical feedback signal to the user is selected based on meeting an efficiency criterion which relates to alleviating the user's physical stress level. 3. Instrument volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, waarbij de minstens één sensor minstens één van de volgende omvat: - een tekendruksensor ingericht voor het detecteren van een tekendruk op een tekenpunt van het instrument, waarbij het minstens één fysieke signaal van de gebruiker de tekendruk omvat; en - een gripdruksensor ingericht voor het detecteren van een gripdruk op een gebied van het instrument dat is ingericht om de gebruiker toe te laten om het instrument vast te grijpen, waarbij het minstens één fysieke signaal van de gebruiker de gripdruk omvat.An instrument according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one sensor comprises at least one of the following: - a drawing pressure sensor adapted to detect a drawing pressure at a drawing point of the instrument, the at least one physical signal from the user comprising the drawing pressure ; and - a grip pressure sensor adapted to detect a grip pressure on an area of the instrument arranged to allow the user to grip the instrument, the at least one physical signal from the user comprising the grip pressure. 4. Instrument volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, waarbij de minstens één terugkoppelingseenheid omvat: - minstens één actuator ingericht voor het vibreren in een instelbare oriëntatie om het minstens één fysieke terugkoppelingssignaal te voorzien; en/ofAn instrument according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one feedback unit comprises: - at least one actuator adapted to vibrate in an adjustable orientation to provide the at least one physical feedback signal; and/or - minstens één lichtbron, bij voorkeur een LED-gebaseerde lichtbron, ingericht voor het uitzenden van licht om het minstens één fysieke terugkoppelingssignaal te voorzien.- at least one light source, preferably an LED-based light source, adapted to emit light to provide the at least one physical feedback signal. 5. Instrument volgens conclusie 4, waarbij de minstens één lichtbron is ingericht voor het uitzenden van licht van een instelbare kleur, gedurende een instelbare tijdsperiode en/of op een instelbaar tijdsinterval.An instrument according to claim 4, wherein the at least one light source is adapted to emit light of an adjustable colour, during an adjustable period of time and/or at an adjustable time interval. 6. Instrument volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, waarbij de minstens één terugkoppelingseenheid is ingericht voor het voorzien van minstens één fysiek terugkoppelingssignaal aan de gebruiker op basis van minstens één drempel die overeenstemt met het minstens één gedetecteerde fysieke signaal, waarbij de minstens één terugkoppelingseenheid is ingericht voor het voorzien van het minstens één fysieke terugkoppelingssignaal aan de gebruiker op basis van het feit dat het minstens één gedetecteerde fysieke signaal van de gebruiker de minstens één overeenstemmende drempel overstijgt, en waarbij de minstens één drempel bij voorkeur drie drempels omvat.An instrument according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one feedback unit is arranged to provide at least one physical feedback signal to the user based on at least one threshold corresponding to the at least one detected physical signal, the at least one feedback unit being arranged for providing the at least one physical feedback signal to the user based on the at least one detected physical signal from the user exceeding the at least one corresponding threshold, and wherein the at least one threshold preferably comprises three thresholds. 7. Instrument volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, waarbij de minstens één drempel instelbaar is gebruikmakend van statistische werkwijzen op basis van het minstens één overeenstemmende fysieke signaal gedurende een drempelbepalingsperiode, en optioneel instelbaar is op basis van een maximumwaarde van het minstens één overeenstemmende fysieke signaal.An instrument according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one threshold is adjustable using statistical methods based on the at least one matching physical signal during a threshold determination period, and optionally adjustable based on a maximum value of the at least one matching physical signal. 8. Instrument volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, omvattende een microcontroller ingericht voor het voorzien van het minstens één fysieke terugkoppelingssignaal aan de gebruiker op basis van het minstens één gedetecteerde fysieke signaal van de gebruiker in overeenstemming met vooraf gedefinieerde werkingsvoorwaarden in reële tijd.An instrument according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a microcontroller configured to provide the at least one physical feedback signal to the user based on the at least one detected physical signal from the user in accordance with predefined real-time operating conditions. 9. Werkwijze voor het voorzien van fysieke feedback over een tekenactiviteit van een gebruiker van een instrument volgens een der voorgaande conclusies aan de gebruiker van het instrument, welke werkwijze omvat:A method of providing physical feedback on a drawing activity from a user of an instrument according to any one of the preceding claims to the user of the instrument, the method comprising: - het detecteren van minstens één fysiek signaal uitgeoefend op het instrument door de gebruiker; en - het voorzien van minstens één fysiek terugkoppelingssignaal aan de gebruiker op basis van het minstens één gedetecteerde fysieke signaal van de gebruiker.- detecting at least one physical signal applied to the instrument by the user; and - providing at least one physical feedback signal to the user based on the at least one detected physical signal from the user. 10. Werkwijze volgens conclusie 9, waarbij het minstens één fysieke signaal uitgeoefend op het instrument door de gebruiker betrekking heeft op een fysiek stressniveau van de gebruiker, en waarbij het minstens één fysieke terugkoppelingssignaal aan de gebruiker geselecteerd is op basis van het voldoen aan een doelmatigheidscriterium dat betrekking heeft op verzachting van het fysieke stressniveau van de gebruiker.The method of claim 9, wherein the at least one physical signal applied to the instrument by the user relates to a physical stress level of the user, and wherein the at least one physical feedback signal to the user is selected based on meeting an efficiency criterion which relates to alleviating the user's physical stress level. 11. Werkwijze volgens een der conclusies 9-10, waarbij het minstens één fysieke signaal van de gebruiker minstens één omvat van de volgende: een tekendruk op een tekenpunt van het instrument; en een gripdruk op een gebied van het instrument dat is ingericht om de gebruiker toe te laten om het instrument vast te grijpen.The method of any one of claims 9-10, wherein the at least one physical signal from the user comprises at least one of the following: a drawing pressure on a drawing point of the instrument; and a grip pressure on an area of the instrument adapted to allow the user to grasp the instrument. 12. Werkwijze volgens een der conclusies 9-11, waarbij het voorzien van het minstens één fysieke terugkoppelingssignaal minstens één omvat van de volgende: het vibreren in een instelbare oriéntatie; en het uitzenden van licht.The method of any one of claims 9-11, wherein providing the at least one physical feedback signal comprises at least one of the following: vibrating in an adjustable orientation; and emitting light. 13. Werkwijze volgens conclusie 12, waarbij het licht wordt uitgezonden met een instelbare kleur, gedurende een instelbare tijdsperiode en/of op een instelbaar tijdsinterval.A method according to claim 12, wherein the light is emitted with an adjustable colour, during an adjustable period of time and/or at an adjustable time interval. 14. Werkwijze volgens een der conclusies 9-13, waarbij het minstens één fysieke terugkoppelingssignaal voorzien wordt aan de gebruiker op basis van minstens één drempel die overeenstemt met het minstens één gedetecteerde fysieke signaal, waarbij het minstens één fysieke terugkoppelingssignaal wordt voorzien aan de gebruiker op basis van het feit dat het minstens één gedetecteerde fysieke signaal van de gebruiker de minstens één overeenstemmende drempel overschrijdt, en waarbij de minstens één drempel bij voorkeur drie drempels omvat.The method of any one of claims 9-13, wherein the at least one physical feedback signal is provided to the user based on at least one threshold corresponding to the at least one detected physical signal, the at least one physical feedback signal being provided to the user on based on the at least one detected physical signal of the user exceeding the at least one matching threshold, and wherein the at least one threshold preferably comprises three thresholds. 15. Werkwijze volgens een der conclusies 9-14, waarbij de minstens één drempel instelbaar is gebruikmakend van statistische werkwijzen op basis van het minstens één overeenstemmende fysieke signaal gedurende een drempelbepalingsperiode, en optioneel instelbaar is op basis van een maximumwaarde van het minstens één overeenstemmende fysieke signaal.The method of any one of claims 9-14, wherein the at least one threshold is adjustable using statistical methods based on the at least one matching physical signal during a thresholding period, and optionally adjustable based on a maximum value of the at least one matching physical signal. signal.
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EP2182423A2 (en) * 2008-10-28 2010-05-05 Karlsruher Institut für Technologie Writing device
EP1904313B1 (en) * 2005-07-04 2013-09-11 Fachhochschule Regensburg Fluidic stick for detecting neuromotor data
US9005133B2 (en) * 2010-05-14 2015-04-14 Rutger Christiaan Zietsma Apparatus for use in diagnosing and/or treating neurological disorder
US20160120437A1 (en) * 2013-05-09 2016-05-05 Sunnybrook Research Institute Systems and methods for providing visual feedback of touch panel input during magnetic resonance imaging

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1190669A2 (en) * 2000-07-14 2002-03-27 The University of Hong Kong Brush-writing instruments for health and therapy
US20020156381A1 (en) * 2000-07-14 2002-10-24 Kao Shang Ren Henry Method of and system for health treatment
EP1904313B1 (en) * 2005-07-04 2013-09-11 Fachhochschule Regensburg Fluidic stick for detecting neuromotor data
EP2182423A2 (en) * 2008-10-28 2010-05-05 Karlsruher Institut für Technologie Writing device
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