NL2029193A - A type of basalt fiber anchor cable and its monitoring system - Google Patents
A type of basalt fiber anchor cable and its monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- NL2029193A NL2029193A NL2029193A NL2029193A NL2029193A NL 2029193 A NL2029193 A NL 2029193A NL 2029193 A NL2029193 A NL 2029193A NL 2029193 A NL2029193 A NL 2029193A NL 2029193 A NL2029193 A NL 2029193A
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- basalt fiber
- anchor
- hole
- fiber reinforcement
- anchor hole
- Prior art date
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- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008774 maternal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013441 quality evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
- E02D5/80—Ground anchors
- E02D5/808—Ground anchors anchored by using exclusively a bonding material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
- E02D5/80—Ground anchors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0006—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by the bolt material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
- E21D21/006—Anchoring-bolts made of cables or wires
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/02—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection having means for indicating tension
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The present disclosure discloses a type of basalt fiber anchor cable and its monitoring system. The anchor cable includes a basalt fiber reinforcement, a first mounting piece and two hollow pipes. The two hollow pipes sleeve both ends of the basalt fiber reinforcementrespectively and are bonded with the basalt fiber reinforcement, wherein one hollow pipe extends into an anchor hole and is close to the bottom of the anchor hole, and the other hollow pipe is located at an opening of the anchor hole. A first mounting hole matched with each hollow pipe is formed in the first mounting piece. The first mounting piece sleeves and is connected to the hollow pipe located at the opening of the anchor hole through the first mounting hole. The first mounting piece is abutted against a surface of a rock mass at the opening of the anchor hole. An anchoring section of the anchor hole is filled with an adhesive, and a free section of the anchor hole is filled with a filler. By replacing a traditional steel tendon or steel strand with the basalt fiber reinforcement for the anchor cable, an anchoring capacity of the anchor cable is effectively improved, and a problem that the steel tendon or steel strand is corroded in an underground water-enriched environment is solved.
Description
-1-
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of foundation engineering technologies, and in particular to a type of basalt fiber anchor cable and its monitoring system.
[0002] Anchor cables (bolts) are important supporting means for coal mine roadways, hydropower slopes and tunnel surrounding rocks, and are mainly used to reinforce rock masses. The anchor cable (bolt) is a tension member penetrated into the stratum, with one end connected to an engineering structure and the other end penetrated into the stratum. The entire anchor cable (bolt) is divided into a free section and an anchoring section. The free section refers to a region in which a tensile force at an anchor head of the anchor cable (bolt) is transmitted to an anchoring body, and has a function of applying a pre-stress to the anchor bolt.
[0003] The anchoring technology of the pre-stressed anchor cable is a key technology for ensuring the stability of the rock mass in a high and steep reservoir bank slope. At present, most anchoring materials for the pre-stressed anchor cable in the reservoir bank slope are mainly steel reinforcements and cement mortar that generally have durability problems due to steel reinforcement corrosion under impacts of factors such as long- term immersion in underground water, a change of ambient temperature and a change in fluctuation of tensile force. Thus, there are many examples of anchoring failure resulted from pre-siress loss in engineering.
[0004] With the continuous development and progress of material science, a great number of researches are carmed out at home and abroad to replace the traditional steel anchor bolt with an anchor bolt made of a novel fiber-reinforced composite material. A basalt fiber reinforcement has the tensile strength of a 1100 MPa or more which is 4 times as high as that of an ordinary rebar, and the density which is 1/3 to 1/4 of that of
-2- an ordinary steel reinforcement, and also has advantages such as good acid and alkali corrosion resistance, high stability at high temperature and low cost of raw materials. Thus, the basalt fiber reinforcement is a good substitute of the steel reinforcement in a geotechnical anchoring structure, has a broad engineering application value, and atiracts more and more attention in recent years, and an anchor bolt body and an anchoring body are no longer Hmited to steel reinforcements and cement mortar.
[0005] At present, some engineers and scientific researchers attempt to replace a metal anchor bolt with the basalt fiber reinforcement 10 practical engineering, but the basalt fiber reinforcement has relatively poor compression and shear resistance and is difficult io directly anchor and stretch, Therefore, how to apply the basalt fiber reinforcement to the manufacture of the anchor cable is a critical technical problem to be urgently solved for engineers and technicians in order to successfully apply the new basalt fiber anchor cable.
[0006] In addition, itis also difficult to perform engineering quality evaluation and long- term durability monitoring during periodic environmental changes for the concealed anchor cable engineering due to the complex geological environment of the reservoir bank slope.
[0007] In order to solve the above techuical problem of prevention and control of rock mass deterioration in a water level changing zone of the reservoir bank slope, the present disclosure provides a type of basalt fiber anchor cable and 1ts monitoring system,
[0008] A type of basalt fiber anchor cable cludes a basalt fiber retoforcement, a fivst mounting piece and two hollow pipes; the two hollow pipes sleeve both ends of the basalt fiber reinforcement respectively and are bonded with the basalt fiber reinforcement, wherein one of the hollow pipes extends into an anchor hole and is close to the bottom of the anchor hole, and the other hollow pipe is located at an opening of the anchor hole; a first mounting hole matched with each hollow pipe 1s formed mn the first mounting piece; the first mounting piece sleeves and is connected to the hollow pipe located at the opening of the anchor hole through the first mounting hole; the first mounting piece is abutted against a surface of a rock mass at the opening of the anchor
-3- hole; an anchoring section of the anchor hole 1s filled with an adhesive; and a free section of the anchor hole is filled with a filler.
[0009] Preferably, a second mounting piece is further included; a second mounting hole matched with each hollow pipe is formed in the second mounting piece; the second mounting piece is disposed in the anchor hole; and the second mounting piece sleeves and 1s connected to the hollow pipe located in the anchor hole.
[0010] Preferably, an outer wall of the hollow pipe is provided with an external thread; walls of the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread on the corresponding hollow pipe respectively; and the first mounting piece and the second mounting piece are thread- connected to the corresponding hollow pipes respectively.
[0011] Preferably, a nut 1s respectively thread-connected to the two hollow pipes, wherein the nut on the hollow pipe located at the opening of the anchor hole is abutted against the first mounting piece, and the nut on the hollow piece located at the bottom of the anchor hole 1s abutted against the second mounting piece.
[0012] Preferably, the first mounting piece and the second mounting piece are both circular disks; a middle portion of each circular disk 1s provided with a through hole and forms the respective first mounting hole and second mounting hole; a circular boss coaxially distributed with the through hole is disposed at one side or both sides of each of the two circular disks respectively; an outer wall surface of each circular boss is an arc-shaped surface; and the nut is abutted against the corresponding circular boss.
[0013] Preferably, a plurality of centering brackets is further mcluded; the plurality of centering brackets is disposed between the two hollow pipes respectively, distributed between the two hollow pipes at intervals along a length direction of the basalt fiber reinforcement, and all connected to the basalt fiber reinforcement.
[0014] Preferably, a guide cap with a tapered cylindrical structure 18 further included; the guide cap is disposed at a position of the anchor hole close to the bottom of the anchor hole, and a tapered bottom end of the guide cap coaxially sleeves an end, which is away from the basalt fiber reinforcement, of the hollow pipe located at the bottom of the anchor hole, and 1s connected to the hollow pipe.
-4-
[0015] Preferably, the centering brackets and the guide cap are both made of a basalt fiber material.
[0016] In the present disclosure, the traditional steel tendon or steel strand 158 replaced with the basalt fiber reinforcement for the anchor cable, thereby effectively improving an anchoring capacity of the anchor cable, solving a problem that the steel tendon or steel strand is corroded in an underground water-enriched environment and improving the durability of the anchor cable. Furthermore, the reinforcement is lower in cost, light in weight, and corrosion-resistant, has good tensile properties, and thus is applicable to water-impacted rock mass reinforcement works in the reservoir bank slope.
[0017] For the basalt fiber anchor cable, the basalt fiber reinforcement is bonded with the hollow pipes by using an adhesive to facilitate manufacturing and avoid brittle failure resulted from stress concentration at an end of the basalt fiber reinforcement due to the direct action of an anchorage device on the basalt fiber reinforcement, thereby effectively increasing an elongation rate of the basalt fiber reinforcement.
[0018] A monitoring system for a basalt fiber anchor cable includes a distributed optical fiber, an optical fiber grating and a demodulator; the distributed optical fiber is disposed on the basalt fiber reinforcement and distributed along a length direction of the basalt fiber reinforcement, wherein both ends of the distributed optical fiber extend out of the anchor hole; the optical fiber grating is mounted on the hollow pipe extending out of the anchor hole; and one end of the distributed optical fiber is connected to one end of the optical fiber grating, and the other end of the optical fiber grating and the other end of the distributed optical fiber are connected to the distributed demodulator respectively.
[0019] Preferably, there are a plurality of distributed optical fibers sequentially distributed on the basalt fiber reinforcement along the length direction of the basalt fiber reinforcement, wherein each of the distributed optical fibers is distributed on the basalt fiber reinforcement along the length direction of the basalt fiber reinforcement, one ends of every two adjacent distributed optical fibers, which are close to each other, are connected with each other, and one ends of the two distributed optical fibers that are located at both ends of the basalt fiber reinforcement and away from each other all extend out of the anchor hole.
-5-
[0020] The monitoring system according to the present disclosure is operated based on the following principle. The pre-stressed anchor cable of the basalt fiber reinforcement affected by factors such as long-term immersion in underground water, a change of ambient temperature and a change in fluctuation of a tension force leads to changes 1n tensile forces and spatial positions of an anchor head of the pre-stressed anchor cable and different regions along the anchor cable and further results in a strain change of the distributed optical fiber along different regions of the anchor cable A distnibuted demodulation technology can be used to demodulate a change of a spectrum of scattered light in the optical fiber and reflect changes in temperature and stress of the optical fiber by inversion, so as to realize dynamic monitoring of a long-term operation state of the pre-stressed anchor cable of the basalt fiber reinforcement.
[0021] The foregoing description 1s only a summary of the technical solutions of the present disclosure. In order to understand the technical means of the present disclosure more clearly and implement the technical means of the present disclosure based on contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings. Specific implementations of the present disclosure are provided in detail through the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings thereof.
[0022] The drawings described herein are used to further understand the present disclosure and constitute a part of the present disclosure. The schematic embodiments of the present disclosure and the descriptions thereof are used to explain the present disclosure rather than improperly limit the present disclosure. In the drawings:
[0023] Fi. iis a structural schematic diagram of a basalt fiber anchor cable according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure:
[0024] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a centering bracket according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure; and
[0025] FIG. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a monitoring system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
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[0026] Numerals of the drawings are specifically described as follows:
[0027] ì-basalt fiber reinforcement; 2-circular disk; 2a-first mounting piece; 2b-second mounting piece, 3-hollow pipe, 4-adhesive; S-out; G-centenng bracket; 61-nsert hole; 62~-small hole; 7-guide cap;
[0028] 10-distributed optical fiber; 20-optical fiber grating; 30-demodulator.
[0029] Implementations of the objectives, functional features and advantages of the present disclosure will be further described with reference to the drawings.
[0030] Principles and features of the present disclosure will be described below in combination with FIGs. 1 to 3. The enumerated examples are only used to explain the present disclosure rather than limit the scope of the present disclosure. The present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings by way of examples in the following paragraphs. Advantages and features of the present disclosure will become clearer according to the following descriptions and claims. It is to be noted that the drawings are all In a very simplified form and an imprecise scale to only assist in explaining the objectives of the embodiments of the present disclosure conveniently and clearly.
[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms as used herein have same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The terms as used in the specification of the present disclosure are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. The term “and/or” as used herein includes any and all combinations that include one or more associated listed items.
[0032] Embodiment }
[0033] Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, an anchor cable of a basalt fiber reinforcement 1 in this embodiment includes a basalt fiber reinforcement 1, a first mounting piece 24 and two hollow pipes 3. The two hollow pipes 3 sleeve both ends of the basalt fiber reinforcement 1 respectively and are bonded with the basalt fiber reinforcement 1. One
-7- of the hollow pipes 3 extends into an anchor hole and 1s close to the bottom of the anchor hole, and the other hollow pipe 3 is located at an opening of the anchor hole, A first mounting bole matched with each hollow pipe 3 1s formed in the first mounting piece 2a. The first mounting piece 2a sleeves and is connected to the hollow pipe 3 located at the opening of the anchor hole through the first mounting hole. The first mounting piece Za is abutted against a surface of a rock mass at the opening of the anchor hole. An anchonng section of the anchor hole is filled with an adhesive 4, and a free section of the anchor hole is filled with a filler.
[0034] In the present disclosure, the traditional steel tendon or steel strand is replaced with the basalt fiber remforcement | for the anchor cable, thereby effectively improving an anchoring capacity of the anchor cable, solving a problem that the steel tendon or steel strand 18 corroded 10 an underground water-entiched environment, and improving the durability of the anchor cable.
[0035] The basalt fiber reinforcement 1 is cheaper in price, lower in cost, lighter in weight, and more convenient to prepare.
[0036] For the anchor cable of the basalt fiber reinforcement 1, the basalt fiber reinforcement 1 is bonded with the hollow pipes 3 by using an adhesive 4 to facilitate manufacturing and avoid brittle failure resulted from stress concentration at an end of the basalt fiber reinforcement 1 due to the direct action of an anchorage device on the basalt fiber reinforcement 1, thereby effectively increasing an elongation rate of the basalt fiber remforcement 1.
[0037] in the present disclosure, due to higher tensile properties of the basalt fiber reinforcement 1, the two hollow pipes 3 are mounted at both ends of the basalt fiber reinforcement 1 to facilitate reducing the deformation of the basalt fiber reinforcement 1 caused by a position change of the rock mass in a water level changing zone of a reservolr bank slope, thereby wmproving an anchoring effect of the anchor cable. Therefore, the basalt fiber reinforcement | is applicable to water-impacted rock mass reinforcement works of the reservou bank slope.
[0038] The adhesive 4 is an epoxy resin adhesive. The basalt fiber reinforcement 1 and the hollow pipes 3 may be bonded by using epoxy resin, a steel adhesive or modified epoxy, and the filler 18 sandstone.
-8-
[0039] The hollow pipes 3 made of Cr45 steel may effectively bear a stress applied by a tray-type anchorage device, thereby avoiding the brittle failure resulted from stress concentration at an end of the basalt fiber reinforcement 1 due to the direct action of the anchorage device on the basalt fiber reinforcement 1.
[0040] Preferably, spirally-distributed ribs are disposed on a side wall of the basalt fiber reinforcement 1, or sand blasting is performed ou a surface of the basalt fiber reinforcement 1. An inner wall of each hollow pipe 3 is provided with an internal thread.
[0041] After the hollow pipes 3 sleeve both ends of the basalt fiber reinforcement 1, an outer wall of the basalt fiber reinforcement 1 and inner walls of the hollow pipes 3 are filled with the adhesive 4, and need to be cured for a period of ime.
[0042] The ribs or sand blasting on the outer wall of the basalt fiber reinforcement | and the internal threads on the oer walls of the hollow pipes 3 are conducive to increasing a frictional resistance with the adhesive 4, thereby increasing an anchoring strength of the anchor cable.
[0043] Preferably, a second mounting piece 2b is further included. A second mounting hole matched with each hollow pipe 3 1s formed in the second mounting piece 2b. The second mounting piece 2b 18 disposed in the anchor hole, and sleeves and 1s connected to the hollow pipe 3 located in the anchor hole.
[0044] The second mounting piece 2b and the basalt fiber reinforcement 1 are simultaneously solidified in the anchoring section of the anchor hole by using the adhesive 4. When the position change of the rock mass in the water level changing zone of the reservoir bank slope brings about a stress change to the basalt fiber reinforcement 1, the second mounting piece 2b disperses the stress in the adhesive 4 to reduce a shear stress that the basalt fiber reinforcement 1 bears, thereby improving the anchoring effect and the durability of the anchor cable.
[0045] Preferably, the outer wall of each hollow pipe 3 15 provided with an external thread, and walls of the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread of the corresponding hollow pipe 3 respectively. The first mounting piece Za and the second mounting piece 2b are thread-connected to the corresponding hollow pipe 3 respectively.
-9-
[0046] The first mounting piece 2a 15 thread-connected to the hollow pipes 3, thereby facilitating the assembly of the anchor cable.
[0047] Preferably, a nut 5 1s respectively thread-connected to the two hollow pipes 3, wherein the nut 5 on the hollow pipe 3 located at the opening of the anchor hole is abutted against the first mounting piece 2a, and the nut 5 on the hollow piece 3 located at the bottom of the anchor hole 1s abutted against the second mounting piece 2b.
[0048] As shown in the drawing, in this embodiment, the nut 5 on the hollow pipe 3 extending out of the anchor hole is abutted against a side of the first mounting piece 2a away from the anchor hole, and the nut § on the hollow pipe 3 located in the anchor hole is abutted against a side of the second mounting piece 2b close to the bottom of the anchor hole.
[0049] Two nuts 5 may also be disposed on the hollow pipe 3 located in the anchor hole and abutted against both sides of the second mounting piece 2b respectively.
[0050] The nuts 5 are configured to ensure the stability of positions of the first mounting piece 2a and the second mounting piece 2b on the corresponding hollow pipes 3, thereby ensuring the anchoring effect of the anchor cable.
[0051] Preferably, the first mounting piece Za and the second mounting piece 2b are both circular disks 2. A middle portion of each circular disk 2 1s provided with a through hole and forms the respective first mounting hole and second mounting hole. A circular boss coaxially distributed with the through hole is disposed at one side or both sides of each of the two circular disks 2 respectively, and an outer wall surface of the circular boss is an atc-shaped surface. The nut 3 1s abutted agamst the corresponding circular boss.
[0052] As shown in the drawing, in this embodiment, the circular boss on the first mounting piece Za is distributed at a side away from the anchor hole, and the circular boss on the second mounting piece 2b is distributed at a side close to the bottom of the anchor hole. The nut 5 is abuited against the corresponding circular boss to uniformly disperse the stress received by the anchor cable.
[0053] Optionally, in other embodiments, the circular bosses on the second mounting piece 2b are distributed at both sides of the second mounting piece 2b. Correspondingly,
-10- two nuts 5 are disposed on the hollow pipe 3 located at the bottom of the anchor hole and abutted against both sides of each of the two circular bosses on the second mounting piece Zb respectively.
[0054] Preferably, a plurality of centering brackets 6 1s further imeluded. The plurality of centering brackets 6 is disposed between the two hollow pipes 3 respectively, distributed between the two hollow pipes 3 at intervals along a length direction of the basalt fiber reinforcement 1, and all connected to the basalt fiber reinforcement 1.
[0055] As shown in FIG, 2, each centering bracket © 18 in a round shape, wherein an insert hole 61 matched with a shape of the basalt fiber reinforcement 1 1s formed in the nuddle portion of the centering bracket 6. One end of the basalt fiber reinforcement 1 is sequentially penetrated through a plurality of the insert holes 61, and then, the hollow pipes 3 are bonded at both ends of the basalt fiber reinforcement 1.
[0056] A small hole 62 matched with a grouting pipe may also be formed in a side of each centering bracket 6 to facilitate placing the grouting pipe and the basalt fiber reinforcement together in the anchor hole.
[0057] Due to the position change of the rock mass in the water level changing zone of the reservoir bank slope, the centering brackets 6 may effectively reduce the deformation of the basalt fiber reinforcement 1, thereby improving the durability of the anchor cable.
[0058] Preferably, a guide cap 7 with a tapered cylindrical structure is further included. The guide cap 7 1s disposed at a position of the anchor hole close to the bottom of the anchor hole, and a tapered bottom end of the guide cap 7 coaxially sleeves an end, which is away from the basalt fiber reinforcement 1, of the hollow pipe 3 located at the bottom of the anchor hole, and is connected to the corresponding hollow pipes 3.
[0059] The guide cap 7 facilitates placing the anchor cable in the anchor hole, thereby facilitating construction,
[0060] The guide cap 7 may be connected to the hollow pipes 3 by keys, hooks, splines or pins or bonded with the hollow pipes 3.
[0061] Preferably, the centering brackets 6 and the guide cap 7 are both made of a basalt fiber maternal.
-11-
[0062] Since the centering brackets 6 and the guide cap 7 are both made of the basalt fiber material, the anchor cable is lighter in weight and corrosion-tesistant, thereby unproving the durability of the anchor cable.
[0063] The construction of the anchor cable of the basalt fiber reinforcement 1 according to this embodiment 1s performed through the following process procedures.
[0064] In step 1, a construction organization plan is reviewed according to engineering geologic and hydrogeological investigation data in combination with an on-site construction condition, and a site is cleaned up.
[0065] In step 2, a hole position 1s determined according to design plan requirements, aw anchor hole is drilled by using a drilling machine, and the anchor hole is cleaned up with a hole cleaner or by water flushing after the dimension of the anchor hole is reviewed to satisfy design requirements.
[0066] in step 3, after the hollow pipe 3 located at the boitom of the anchor hole is bonded to one end of the basalt fiber reinforcement 1, the centering brackets 6, the second mounting piece 2b, the nut S on the hollow pipe 3 located at the bottom of the anchor hole and the guide cap 7 are sequentially mounted along the length direction of the basalt fiber reinforcement; the hollow pipe 3 located at the opening of the anchor hole is bonded to the other end of the basalt fiber reinforcement 1, and then, the first mounting piece 2a is connected to the hollow pipe 3 extending out of the anchor hole; the grouting pipe and the basalt fiber reinforcement | are placed together in the anchor hole: and if is determined that the basalt fiber reinforcement 1 1s distributed in the middle portion of the anchor hole and the first mounting piece 2a at the opening of the anchor hole is abutted against the rock mass at the opening of the anchor hole,
[0067] In step 4, the adhesive 4 is injected into an anchoring section in the anchor hole by using the grouting pipe, and a filler 1s injected into a non-anchoring section after grouting of the anchoring section is completed and slurry reaches a design strength.
[0068] In step 5, after plugging 1s completed, a pre-stress is applied to the basalt fiber reinforcement 1 by using the first mounting piece Za and the nut 5 which are located at the opening of the anchor hole, thereby completing the construction of the anchor cable.
[0069] Embodiment 2
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[0070] Based on the above basalt fiber anchor cable, a monitoring system for a basalt fiber anchor cable is provided. Specifically, the monitoring system includes a distributed optical fiber 10, an optical fiber grating 20 and a demodulator 30. The distributed optical fiber 10 is disposed on the basalt fiber reinforcement 1 and distributed along a length direction of the basalt fiber reinforcement. Both ends of the distributed optical fiber 10 extend out of the anchor hole. The optical fiber grating 20 is mounted on the hollow pipe 3 extending out of the anchor hole. One end of the distributed optical fiber 10 is connected to one end of the optical fiber grating 20, and the other end of the optical fiber grating 20 and the other end of the distributed optical fiber 10 are connected to the distributed demodulator respectively.
[0071] The distributed optical fiber 10 may be laid at a surface of the basalt fiber reinforcement 1 along the length direction of the basalt fiber reinforcement 1 or disposed in the basalt fiber reinforcement 1. The optical fiber grating 20 is used for positioning.
[0072] When the anchor cable affected by factors such as long-term immersion in underground water, a change of ambient temperature and a change in fluctuation of tension force leads to changes in tensile forces and spatial positions of an anchor head in the pre-stressed anchor cable and different regions along the anchor cable and further results in a strain change of the distributed optical fiber 10 of the anchor cable along different regions. The demodulator 30 is used to demodulate a change of a spectrum of scattered hight m the optical fiber and reflect changes in temperature and stress of the optical fiber by inversion, thereby realizing dynamic healthy monitoring of an anchoring body and effectively solving problems of corrosion of the anchor cable of the water- impacted rock mass and long-term real-time monitoring. As shown in the drawing, the distributed optical fiber 10 distributed along the length direction of the basalt fiber reinforcement is disposed on the basalt fiber reinforcement in this embodiment. In other embodiments, a plurality of distributed optical fibers sequentially distributed along the length direction of the basalt fiber reinforcement may also be disposed on the basalt fiber reinforcement, and the respective distributed optical fibers are distributed along the length direction of the basalt fiber reinforcement respectively and connected end to end.
[0073] In this embodiment, the distributed optical fiber 101s a single-mode optical fiber. The single-mode optical fiber is an optical fiber whose Brillouin scattering spectrum is a single peak, and the optical fiber grating is a Bragg grating.
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[0074] The demodulator 30 demodulates the change of a spectrum of scattered light in the optical fiber based on a distributed demodulation technology, wherein the demodulation technology used 16 the distributed demodulation technology 1s based on a time domain analysis technology, a time domain reflection technology or an optical- frequency domain analysis technology which are based on the Brillouin scattering, or a distributed optical fiber 10 sensing technology based on Rayleigh scattering.
[0075] The foregoing descriptions are only the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the present disclosure in any form. Any person of ordinary skill in the art may smoothly implement the present disclosure as shown in the drawings of the specification and as described above. However, any equivalent changes including minor alterations, modifications and evolutions made by those skilled in the art based on the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the present disclosure shall be regarded as equivalent embodiments of the present disclosure. At the same time, any minor alterations, modifications and evolutions of the equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the substantial technology of the present disclosure shall all fall within the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011593366.6A CN112576291A (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Anchor cable of basalt fiber rib and monitoring system thereof |
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| NL2029193A true NL2029193A (en) | 2021-11-09 |
| NL2029193B1 NL2029193B1 (en) | 2022-06-14 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113107562B (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2023-10-13 | 中国地质调查局武汉地质调查中心 | Transformation method of high-strength adhesive basalt fiber reinforced anchor cable rod body structure |
| CN113109163A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-07-13 | 洛阳理工学院 | Device and method for testing bearing capacity of basalt fiber bar anchor cable under stress surrounding limit condition |
| CN113607554B (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2023-08-04 | 中国地质调查局武汉地质调查中心 | Basalt fiber reinforced anchor rope comprehensive anchoring performance testing device and method |
| CN113481984A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-10-08 | 洛阳理工学院 | Large-tonnage basalt fiber anchor cable and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113622420A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-11-09 | 中国地质调查局武汉地质调查中心 | Bank side slope basalt fiber rib integrated anchoring structure and monitoring system thereof |
| CN117627705B (en) * | 2024-01-25 | 2024-03-22 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Underground engineering support monitoring equipment and underground engineering support monitoring method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT387056B (en) * | 1985-08-26 | 1988-11-25 | Vorspann Technik Gmbh | Free-play anchor |
| EP1939394A2 (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2008-07-02 | Minova International Limited | Anchor with grout jacket |
| DE202010004381U1 (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2010-08-12 | Dywidag-Systems International Gmbh | Pressure tube and ground anchor made therefrom |
| CN108547291A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-09-18 | 吉林省交通科学研究所 | A kind of herring-bone form basalt fibre anchor system and its anchoring process |
-
2020
- 2020-12-29 CN CN202011593366.6A patent/CN112576291A/en active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-09-16 NL NL2029193A patent/NL2029193B1/en active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT387056B (en) * | 1985-08-26 | 1988-11-25 | Vorspann Technik Gmbh | Free-play anchor |
| EP1939394A2 (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2008-07-02 | Minova International Limited | Anchor with grout jacket |
| DE202010004381U1 (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2010-08-12 | Dywidag-Systems International Gmbh | Pressure tube and ground anchor made therefrom |
| CN108547291A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-09-18 | 吉林省交通科学研究所 | A kind of herring-bone form basalt fibre anchor system and its anchoring process |
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| NL2029193B1 (en) | 2022-06-14 |
| CN112576291A (en) | 2021-03-30 |
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