NL2028048B1 - Full-swirl supersonic separation device - Google Patents

Full-swirl supersonic separation device Download PDF

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Publication number
NL2028048B1
NL2028048B1 NL2028048A NL2028048A NL2028048B1 NL 2028048 B1 NL2028048 B1 NL 2028048B1 NL 2028048 A NL2028048 A NL 2028048A NL 2028048 A NL2028048 A NL 2028048A NL 2028048 B1 NL2028048 B1 NL 2028048B1
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section
laval nozzle
swirl
vertebral
vane
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NL2028048A
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Dutch (nl)
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NL2028048A (en
Inventor
Guo Dan
Xie Zhenqiang
Cao Xuewen
Li Yuxuan
Bian Jiang
Liu Yang
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Univ China Petroleum East China
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
    • B01D5/0057—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/14—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums or brushes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
    • B01D5/0033—Other features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
    • B01D5/0078—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation characterised by auxiliary systems or arrangements
    • B01D5/009—Collecting, removing and/or treatment of the condensate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/24—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by centrifugal force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
    • B01D53/265—Drying gases or vapours by refrigeration (condensation)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B04C3/02—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct with heating or cooling, e.g. quenching, means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B04C3/06—Construction of inlets or outlets to the vortex chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
    • B01D2256/24—Hydrocarbons
    • B01D2256/245—Methane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/16—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by the winding course of the gas stream, the centrifugal forces being generated solely or partly by mechanical means, e.g. fixed swirl vanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B04C2003/006—Construction of elements by which the vortex flow is generated or degenerated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/34—Applying ultrasonic energy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/54—Specific separation steps for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/56—Specific details of the apparatus for preparation or upgrading of a fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
    • C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
    • C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
    • C10L3/102—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
    • C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
    • C10L3/106—Removal of contaminants of water

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a full-swirl supersonic separation device, including a housing and a central swirl component. The housing includes portions such as a DC stabilizing section, a Laval nozzle reducing section, and a Laval nozzle expansion section. 5 The central swirl component includes a front central swirl component and a rear central swirl component, wherein the front central swirl component is located in the DC stabilizing section and the Laval nozzle reducing section, and the rear central swirl component is located in the Laval nozzle expansion section. After gas enters the DC stabilizing section and the Laval nozzle reducing section, the air flow expands in a swirl state and reaches a 10 supersonic velocity after reaching the Laval nozzle expansion section, the temperature and the pressure further decrease, and the gas begins to condense. The process of condensing while swirling can effectively reduce the influence of droplet re-evaporation. The Laval nozzle expansion section is also provided with a swirl component having strong and durable swirling capability, which ensures the separation effect and separation efficiency of the 15 device.

Description

FULL-SWIRL SUPERSONIC SEPARATION DEVICE Technical Field The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of low temperature condensation and swirl separation, and in particular to a full-swirl supersonic separation device particularly suitable for low temperature condensation and swirl separation of impurity components such as water vapor, acid gas, and heavy hydrocarbon of natural gas.
Background In the field of natural gas production, natural gas currently produced is often saturated with water vapor and contains some heavy hydrocarbon components. Water vapor, acid gas, and heavy hydrocarbon components must be separated in order to meet the requirements of natural gas transportation and use.
Traditional natural gas separation processes include cooling, chemical absorption, adsorption, and membrane separation. However, these separation processes have various disadvantages in the process of natural gas separation, so it is urgent to put forward a new natural gas separation method.
A supersonic swirl separation technology is a major innovation in the field of natural gas processing.
The supersonic swirl separation technology combines the theories of aerodynamics, engineering thermodynamics, and fluid mechanics to complete the processing of expansion and cooling, swirling gas/liquid separation, and recompression in a closed and compact device.
The separation technology has advantages of simplicity, reliability, sealing without leakage, no need of agents, and unattended support.
According to a mounting position of a swirl component, traditional supersonic swirl separation devices are mainly classified into the following two types: The first type is to mount the swirl component in the supersonic section behind a nozzle to generate swirl. The supersonic swirl separation device with this structure has the following technical problems during natural gas separation:
Since velocity conversion occurs under supersonic conditions, when an air flow encounters the swirl component, a sudden change in a flow area is prone to generation of shock waves, which destroys the low-temperature and low-pressure environment, causes secondary evaporation of condensed droplets, and reduces the separation efficiency of the device.
The second type is to mount the swirl component at an inlet of the nozzle, so that the gas enters the nozzle in the form of swirl for expansion and cooling. Although this structure can effectively avoid the secondary evaporation of droplets, there are still the following technical problems in practical use: Due to the influence of the internal friction resistance of the supersonic separation device, the swirl velocity decreases significantly with the flow of the gas, which reduces the separation effect of the supersonic separation device. As a result, the condensed droplets are discharged with dry gas without time to separate.
In addition, housings of the above two supersonic swirl separation devices are integrally machined. Such an integrally machined supersonic swirl separation device has the following defects in practical use: (1) machining is difficult; and (2) a contraction section and a diffusion section of the supersonic swirl separation device are fixedly connected, so it is impossible to realize free collocation of different types of contraction sections and diffusion sections, which makes the device adapt to a narrow range of working conditions.
Summary of the Invention An objective of the present disclosure is to provide a full-swirl supersonic separation device, so as to effectively improve low temperature condensation and swirl separation effects of impurity components such as water vapor, acid gas, and heavy hydrocarbon of natural gas and also improve the separation efficiency of the device.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned objective, the following technical solution is adopted in the present invention.
A full-swirl supersonic separation device includes a housing and a central swirl component;
The housing includes a steady flow contraction section and a diffusion separation section sequentially connected from front to back;
The steady flow contraction section includes a straight pipe steady flow section and a Laval nozzle reducing section;
The straight pipe steady flow section being located on a front side of the Laval nozzle reducing section, and connected to the Laval nozzle reducing section;
The straight pipe steady flow section being of a columnar structure; the Laval nozzle reducing section being of a vitosins curve structure, that is, the Laval nozzle reducing section starting from a junction between the Laval nozzle reducing section and the straight pipe steady flow section and gradually contracting towards the diffusion separation section according to a vitosins curve;
The diffusion separation section includes a Laval nozzle expansion section, an annular collection tank, and a secondary diffusion section;
The Laval nozzle expansion section being connected to the Laval nozzle reducing section;
The Laval nozzle expansion section being of a tapered structure, that is, gradually expanding from front to back;
The annular collection tank being nested integrally with the secondary diffusion section, and the annular collection tank being located outside the secondary diffusion section;
The annular collection tank being coaxially connected to the secondary diffusion section;
An integral part composed of the annular collection tank and the secondary diffusion section being located on a rear side of the Laval nozzle expansion section, and the Laval nozzle expansion section being connected to the integral part composed of the annular collection tank and the secondary diffusion section;
The straight pipe steady flow section, the Laval nozzle reducing section, the Laval nozzle expansion section, and the annular collection tank being coaxially connected,
The central swirl component includes a front central swirl component and a rear central swirl component, wherein the front central swirl component is located in the straight pipe steady flow section and the Laval nozzle reducing section, and the rear central swirl component is located in the Laval nozzle expansion section; The front central swirl component includes a front-end swirl vane support and a plurality of front-end swirl vanes; A front part of the front-end swirl vane support being located in the straight pipe steady flow section and being in the shape of a semiellipsoid; a rear part of the front-end swirl vane support being located in the Laval nozzle reducing section, and having a shape matching the Laval nozzle reducing section; The front-end swirl vanes being respectively mounted on a surface of the front part of the front-end swirl vane support, wherein an outermost point of the front-end swirl vanes is in contact with an inner surface of the straight pipe steady flow section, and an outermost side of the front-end swirl vanes is stuck on the inner surface of the straight pipe steady flow section; The rear central swirl component includes a rear-end swirl vane support and a plurality of rear-end swirl vanes; The rear-end swirl vane support being connected to the front-end swirl vane support; A length of the rear-end swirl vane support is equal to that of the Laval nozzle expansion section; The rear-end swirl vanes being sequentially mounted along a length direction of the rear-end swirl vane support, and sizes of the rear-end swirl vanes gradually increasing from front to back along the length direction of the rear-end swirl vane support.
Preferably, a rear end of the steady flow contraction section is connected to a front end of the diffusion separation section through a flange.
Preferably, a rear-end outlet of the Laval nozzle reducing section has the same cross-section radius as a front-end inlet of the Laval nozzle expansion section.
Preferably, the annular collection tank includes an annular collection tank outer side wall and an annular collection tank inner side wall; a front end of the annular collection tank outer side wall is connected to a rear end of the Laval nozzle expansion section; and a front end of the annular collection tank inner side wall is connected to a front end of the secondary diffusion section.
Preferably, the secondary diffusion section is in the shape of a cone, and a tension angle of the secondary diffusing section is the same as that of the Laval nozzle expansion section.
Preferably, a curve of the Laval nozzle expansion section satisfies the following 5 equation: . Fy : 1-5] {2 | At hi [15] 3x7 : In the equation, x denotes an axial distance from front to back calculated from an inlet of the Laval nozzle reducing section; wherein x=0 at the inlet of the Laval nozzle reducing section; r denotes a cross-section radius at the axial distance x of the Laval nozzle reducing section; L denotes a length of the Laval nozzle reducing section; ridenotes a cross-section radius at the inlet of the Laval nozzle reducing section; and rer denotes a cross-section radius at a rear-end outlet of the Laval nozzle reducing section.
Preferably, a length of the Laval nozzle expansion section satisfies the following equation: r= a, tan -- 2 > In the equation, ¢ denotes a tension angle of the Laval nozzle expansion section; r» denotes a cross-section radius of an outlet of the Laval nozzle expansion section; and /; denotes the length of the Laval nozzle expansion section.
The present disclosure has the following advantages: As described above, the present disclosure relates to a full-swirl supersonic separation device, including a housing and a central swirl component. The housing includes portions such as a DC stabilizing section, a Laval nozzle reducing section, and a Laval nozzle expansion section. The central swirl component includes a front central swirl component and a rear central swirl component, wherein the front central swirl component is located in the DC stabilizing section and the Laval nozzle reducing section, and the rear central swirl component is located in the Laval nozzle expansion section.
After gas enters the DC stabilizing section and the Laval nozzle reducing section, the air flow expands in a swirl state and reaches a supersonic velocity after reaching the Laval nozzle expansion section 5, the temperature and the pressure further decrease, and the gas begins to condense.
The process of condensing while swirling can effectively reduce the influence of droplet re-evaporation.
The Laval nozzle expansion section is also provided with a swirl component having strong and durable swirling capability, which ensures the separation effect and separation efficiency of the device.
The present disclosure effectively improve the low temperature condensation and swirl separation effects of impurity components such as water vapor, acid gas, and heavy hydrocarbon of natural gas.
In addition, in the present disclosure, the steady flow contraction section, the diffusion separation section, and the central swirl component are machined, assembled, and connected separately, which makes the machining easy and the assembly convenient, and enhances the adaptability of the full-swirl supersonic separation device to different on-site working conditions.
Brief Description of Drawings FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a full-swirl supersonic separation device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing of a full-swirl supersonic separation device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 3 is an internal cross-sectional view of a full-swirl supersonic separation device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a central swirl component of a full-swirl supersonic separation device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
In the drawings, 1: steady flow contraction section, 2: diffusion separation section, 3: DC stabilizing section, 4: Laval nozzle reducing section, 5: Laval nozzle expansion section, 6: annular collection tan, 7: secondary diffusion section, 8: flange, 9: outermost point of front-end swirl vane;
10: annular collection tank outer side wall, 11: annular collection tank inner side wall, 12: front central swirl component, 13: rear central swirl component, 14: front-end swirl vane support, 15: front-end swirl vane, 16: rear-end swirl vane support, 17: rear-end swirl vane. Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiments The present disclosure is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. As shown in FIG. 1, a full-swirl supersonic separation device includes a housing, a central swirl component, and the like. The housing includes a steady flow contraction section 1 and a diffusion separation section 2 sequentially connected, as shown in FIG. 2. The left end in FIG. 1 is defined as a front end of the separation device, so the steady-flow contraction section 1 is located on a front side of the diffusion separation section
2. The central swirl component is located in the housing, that is, located in the steady flow contraction section 1 and the diffusion separation section 2. The steady flow contraction section 1 includes a straight pipe steady flow section 3 and a Laval nozzle reducing section 4. The straight pipe steady flow section 3 is located on a front side of the Laval nozzle reducing section, and connected to the Laval nozzle reducing section 4. The straight pipe steady flow section 3 is of a columnar structure, as shown in FIG. 1. The Laval nozzle reducing section 4 is of a vitosins curve structure, that is, the Laval nozzle reducing section 4 starts from a junction between the Laval nozzle reducing section and the straight pipe steady flow section 3 and gradually contracts towards the diffusion separation section 2 (1.e., from front to back) according to a vitosins curve. A uniform flow field can be obtained through the above structural design of the Laval nozzle reducing section 4. A curve of the Laval nozzle reducing section 4 satisfies the following equation: oe Fu _ ; 1-3 1- | [Ee | AE hz)
In the equation, x denotes an axial distance from front to back calculated from an inlet of the Laval nozzle reducing section; wherein x=0 at the inlet of the Laval nozzle reducing section; r denotes a cross-section radius at the axial distance x of the Laval nozzle reducing section; ZL denotes a length of the Laval nozzle reducing section. "I denotes a cross-section radius at the inlet of the Laval nozzle reducing section; and rer denotes a cross-section radius at a rear-end outlet of the Laval nozzle reducing section.
As shown in FIG. 2, the diffusion separation section 2 includes a Laval nozzle expansion section 5, an annular collection tank 6, and a secondary diffusion section 7. The Laval nozzle expansion section 5 is connected to the Laval nozzle reducing section 4. A rear-end outlet of the Laval nozzle reducing section 4 has the same cross-section radius as a front-end inlet of the Laval nozzle expansion section 5. To facilitate machining and assembly, a rear end of the steady flow contraction section 1 (i.e, the rear-end outlet of the Laval nozzle reducing section 4) is connected to a front end of the diffusion separation section 2 (i.e., the front-end inlet of the Laval nozzle expansion section 5) through a flange 8. The steady flow contraction section 1, the diffusion separation section 2, and the central swirl component can be machined, assembled, and used separately, so as to realize the free collocation of the steady flow contraction section 1, the diffusion separation section 2, and the central swirl component of different types.
In addition, the above assembled combination manner can also realize autonomous adjustment of refrigeration, swirling, and diffusion at the same time.
The following is a principle analysis of the technical effect brought by an assembled combination structure: (1) Refrigeration The steady flow contraction section 1 and the diffusion separation section 2 can jointly implement a refrigeration function.
When their radiuses, lengths, and other parameters are changed, the corresponding refrigeration performance, namely the temperature drop that the gas can achieve, is different, which is embodied in that a larger radius and a shorter length indicate a steeper line. That is, the faster the contraction and expansion, the faster the gas temperature drops.
(2) Swirling Different pitches correspond to different swirl intensity. The greater the swirl intensity, the more thorough the droplet separation.
(2) Diftusion A main function of the diffusion is to restore part of the pressure as a power source of gas transportation in a downstream pipeline of the separation device.
For example, impurities in commonly treated gas include water vapor, acid gas, and heavy hydrocarbons, but components of natural gas produced outside the field vary widely. The acid gas is actually much colder than the temperature required by condensation of the water vapor.
If the acid content of the gas needing to be treated is large, a nozzle with strong refrigeration performance needs to be selected.
If the condensed droplet radius is not large enough, a central swirl component with strong swirl intensity 1s needed to provide greater centrifugal separation capability.
If high pressure is required downstream of the separation device, a diffusion section with high pressure recovery capability is required.
Therefore, according to the above different requirements, types of the steady flow contraction section 1, the diffusion separation section 2, and the central swirl component need to be selected. The assembled structure in this embodiment can realize the free collocation of different types of the three.
To simplify the design process of the Laval nozzle expansion section 5 and achieve both expansion and rectification, the straight line method is adopted in this embodiment to take its shape as a cone, that is, it gradually expands from front to back.
A length of the Laval nozzle expansion section 5 satisfies the following equation: r= a, tan 2 .
In the equation, ¢ denotes a tension angle of the Laval nozzle expansion section; r2 denotes a cross-section radius of an outlet of the Laval nozzle expansion section; and 7; denotes the length of the Laval nozzle expansion section.
The principle of the Laval nozzle: after the gas enters the Laval nozzle reducing section 4, the flow velocity constantly increases (always at the subsonic velocity), the temperature and the pressure decrease, and the sound velocity is reached at an outlet of the Laval nozzle reducing section 4.
The gas reaches a supersonic velocity after entering the Laval nozzle expansion section 5, and the temperature and the pressure further decrease, and the gas begins to condense.
The annular collection tank 6 is nested integrally with the secondary diffusion section 7, and the annular collection tank 6 is located outside the secondary diffusion section 7, as shown in FIG. 2. The annular collection tank 6 and the secondary diffusion section 7 are coaxially connected.
An integral part composed of the annular collection tank 6 and the secondary diffusion section 7 is located on a rear side of the Laval nozzle expansion section 5, and the Laval nozzle expansion section 5 is connected to the integral part composed of the annular collection tank 6 and the secondary diffusion section 7.
Specifically, the annular collection tank 6 includes an annular collection tank outer side wall 10 and an annular collection tank inner side wall 11, as shown in FIG. 3. A front end of the annular collection tank outer side wall 10 is connected to a rear end of the Laval nozzle expansion section 5.
A front end of the annular collection tank inner side wall 11 is connected to a front end of the secondary diffusion section 7. The above structural design achieves connections among the annular collection tank 6, the secondary diffusion section 7, and the Laval nozzle expansion section 5.
The annular collection tank 6 has a function of collecting droplets after separation of a gas-liquid mixture.
The straight pipe steady flow section 3, the Laval nozzle reducing section 4, the Laval nozzle expansion section 5, and the annular collection tank 6 are coaxially connected.
As shown in FIG. 4, the central swirl component includes a front central swirl component 12 and a rear central swirl component 13.
The front central swirl component 12 is located in the straight pipe steady flow section 3 and the Laval nozzle reducing section 4, and the rear central swirl component 13 is located in the Laval nozzle expansion section 5, as shown in FIG. 3.
The front central swirl component 12 includes a front-end swirl vane support 14 and a plurality of front-end swirl vanes 15.
As shown in FIG. 3, a front part of the front-end swirl vane support 14 is located in the straight pipe steady flow section 3 and is in the shape of a semiellipsoid. A rear part of the front-end swirl vane support 14 is located in the Laval nozzle reducing section 4.
The rear part of the front-end swirl vane support 14 has a shape matching the Laval nozzle reducing section 4.
The front-end swirl vanes 15 are respectively mounted on a surface of the front part (i.e., the semiellipsoid) of the front-end swirl vane support 14.
Taking one front-end swirl vane 15 as an example: an outermost point 9 of the front-end swirl vane is in contact with an inner surface of the straight pipe steady flow section 3, and an outermost side of the front-end swirl vane 15 is stuck on the inner surface of the straight pipe steady flow section 3.
The inner and outer sides herein are relative to the front-end swirl vane. A mounting side of the front-end swirl vane is the inner side.
The mounting of the entire central swirl component is facilitated by sticking the outermost side of the front-end swirl vane 15 on the inner surface of the straight pipe steady flow section 3.
The rear central swirl component 13 includes a rear-end swirl vane support 16 and a plurality of rear-end swirl vanes 17.
The rear-end swirl vane support 16 is connected to (the rear end of) the front-end swirl vane support 14.
In this embodiment, the rear-end swirl vane support 16 is preferably of a straight-rod structure. A length of the rear-end swirl vane support 16 is equal to that of the Laval nozzle expansion section 5.
The rear-end swirl vanes 17 are sequentially mounted along a length direction of the rear-end swirl vane support 16, and sizes of the rear-end swirl vanes 17 gradually increase from front to back along the length direction of the rear-end swirl vane support 16.
Since continuous swirl vanes are disposed in the separation device along its length direction in this embodiment, it 1s conducive to forming a continuous, stable, and lasting swirl field in the straight pipe steady flow section 3, the Laval nozzle reducing section 4, and the Laval nozzle expansion section 5, so that condensed droplets can be better separated from the main gas under the action of swirling, which improves the separation eftect.
Different swirl intensity can be obtained by setting the rear-end swirl vanes 17 with different sizes and pitches, which is specifically embodied in the following: A vane size is a vane dimension (a height of a single vane in a direction perpendicular to an axial direction in FIG. 4). The larger a vane is, that is, the higher the height in the direction perpendicular to an axial direction of the rear central swirl component 13, the stronger the swirling capability.
A vane pitch refers to a distance between two adjacent vanes (i.e., a distance between two adjacent vanes in an axial direction in FIG. 4). The smaller the pitch between two adjacent vanes, that is, the more severe the swirl distortion of the vanes, the stronger the swirl field obtained by the gas.
The secondary diffusion section 7 is in the shape of a cone, and a tension angle of the secondary diffusing section 7 is the same as that of the Laval nozzle expansion section 5.
The secondary diffusion section 7 has a function of enabling separated dry gas to recover part of the pressure and then to be discharged from the outlet.
A mounting process of the separation device in this embodiment is as follows: Firstly, the central swirl component is inserted from a front side of the steady flow contraction section 1 (that is, inserted from the left side in FIG. 3), and then the diffusion separation section 2 sleeves the central swirl component from back to front (i.e., from right to left in FIG. 3).
Finally, a junction between the steady flow contraction section | and the diffusion separation section 2 are connected through a flange 8. The above three are simple in structure and convenient in assembly, and can be freely collocated as required in terms of different models.
The working principle of the full-swirl supersonic separation device in this embodiment is as follows: After the natural gas containing impurities enters the separation device, it is first stabilized through the straight pipe steady flow section 3 and then enters the Laval nozzle reducing section 4 to produce high-speed flow, the pressure and the temperature decrease, at the same time, swirling flow is generated under the action of the front-end swirl vane 15, then, the gas enters the Laval nozzle expansion section 5, expands, and reaches the supersonic velocity, an ultra-low temperature environment is formed, and condensable components in the gas condenses into droplets. The process of condensing while swirling effectively reduces the influence of droplet re-evaporation. In addition, since the Laval nozzle expansion section 5 is also provided with the rear-end swirl vane 17, due to the swirling action of the rear-end swirl vane 17, the condensed droplets may be subjected to strong centrifugal force and thrown to a wall surface of the Laval nozzle expansion section 5 to form a liquid film and flow into the annular collection tank 6, and dry gas is discharged from the outlet of the separation device after restoring part of the pressure in the secondary diffusion section 7, thereby ensuring the separation effect of the supersonic separation device. After the above steps, dehydration, heavy hydrocarbon removal, and acid gas removal of the natural gas can be effectively achieved.
Through the front-end swirl vanes 15 and the rear-end swirl vanes 17, this embodiment can ensure that the gas, after entering the separation device, forms swirl and maintains certain swirl intensity all the time, thereby ensuring the swirl separation effect and the separation efficiency, which is specifically embodied in the following: For two types of traditional supersonic swirl separation devices, their swirl vanes are either mounted at the front end of the separation devices or mounted at the rear end of the separation devices, so that the separation capability is not lasting and can only maintain the swirl intensity in a certain section of the separation device.
In terms of the full-swirl separation device provided in the present disclosure, the whole separation device is provided therein with swirl vanes, and the swirling capability of the separation device is strong and lasting through combined use of the front-end swirl vanes 15 and the rear-end swirl vanes 17.
The strong swirling capability can ensure that the droplets in the gas are subjected to a greater centrifugal force, and are more likely to be thrown to the wall surface of (i.e, the Laval nozzle expansion section 5 of) the housing of the separation device and collected, thus effectively improving the separation effect and the separation efficiency of the device.
Certainly, the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present disclosure. The present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments listed. It should be noted that, all equivalent replacements and obvious variations made by any person skilled in the art under the teaching of the specification fall within the essential scope of the specification and shall be protected by the present disclosure.

Claims (7)

Conclusies:Conclusions: 1. Een volledige wervelschoep supersonische scheidingsinrichting, omvattende een behuizing en een centrale wervelschoepcomponent; de behuizing omvattende een stabiele-stroom-contractiesectie en een diffusieseparatiesectie sequentieel verbonden van voor naar achter; de stabiele-stroom-contractiesectie omvattende een rechte-pijp-stabiele-stroomsectie en een Laval-sproeier-reductiesectie; de rechte-pijp-stabiele-stroomsectie zich bevindend aan een voorkant van de Laval- sproeier-reductiesectie, en verbonden met de Laval —sproeier-reductiesectie;, de rechte-pijp-stabiele-stroomsectie een kolomvormige structuur hebbende; de Laval- sproeier-reductiesectie een vitosins-curvestructuur hebbende, zijnde de Laval-sproeier- reductiesectie beginnende van een splitsing tussen de Laval-sproeier-reductiesectie en de rechte-pijp-stabiele-stroomsectie en gradueel verkleinend in de richting van de diffusieseparatiesectie volgends een vitosins-curve; de diffusieseparatiesectie omvattende een Laval-sproeier-expansiesectie, een ringvormige verzameltank, en een secundaire diffusiesectie; de Laval-sproeier-expansiesectie verbonden zijnde met de Laval-sproeier-reductiesectie; de Laval-sproeier-expansiesectie een conische structuur hebbende, zijnde een graduele expansie van voor naar achter; de ringvormige verzameltank zich integraal bevindend in de secundaire diffusiesectie, en de ringvormige verzameltank zich bevinden buiten de secundaire diffusiesectie; de ringvormige verzameltank coaxiaal verbonden zijnde met de secundaire diffusiesectie; een integraal deel bestaande uit de ringvormige verzameltank en de secundaire diffusiesectie zich bevindende aan de achterzijde van de Laval-sproeier-expansiesectie, en de Laval-sproeier-expansiesectie verbonden zijnde met het integrale deel bestaande uit de ringvormige verzameltank en de secundaire diffusiesectie; de rechte-pijp-stabiele-stroomsectie, de Laval-sproeier-reductiesectie, de Laval-sproeier- expansiesectie, en de ringvormige verzameltank coaxiaal verbonden zijnde; het centrale wervelschoepcomponent omvattende een voorste centraal wervelschoepcomponent en een achterste centraal wervelschoepcomponent, waarbij het voorste centrale wervelschoepcomponent zich bevindt in de rechte-pijp-stabiele-stroomsectie en de Laval-sproeier-reductiesectie, en het achterste centrale wervelschoepcomponent zich bevindt in de Laval-sproeier-expansiesectie; het voorste centrale wervelschoepcomponent omvattende een voorste wervelschoepondersteuning en meerdere voorste wervelschoepen; een voorste deel van de voorste wervelschoepondersteuning zich bevinden in de rechte- pijp-stabiele-stroomsectie en de vorm hebbende van een halve ellips; een achterste deel van de voorste wervelschoepondersteuning zich bevindend in de Laval-sproeier-reductiesectie, en een vorm hebbende die overeenkomt met de Laval-sproeier-reductiesectie; de voorste wervelschoepen respectievelijk aangebracht zijnde op een oppervlak van het voorste deel van de voorste wervelschoepenondersteuning, waarbij een uiterste punt van de voorste wervelschoepen in contact is met een binnenoppervlak van de rechte-pijp-stabiele- stroomsectie, en een buitenste kant van de voorste wervelschoepen vastgemaakt is aan het binnenoppervlak van de rechte-pijp-stabiele-stroomsectie; het achterste centrale wervelschoepcomponent omvattende een achterste wervelschoepenondersteuning en meerdere achterste wervelschoepen; de achterste wervelschoepondersteuning verbonden zijnde met de voorste wervelschoepenondersteuning; de achterste wervelschoepondersteuning een rechte staafstructuur hebbende, met een lengte gelijk aan die van de Laval-sproeier-expansiesectie; en de achterste wervelschoepen sequentieel vastgemaakt zijnde langs een lengterichting van de achterste wervelschoepondersteuning, en groottes van de achterste wervelschoepen gradueel verhogend van voor naar achter in de lengterichting van de achterste wervelschoepondersteuning.A complete swirl vane supersonic separator comprising a housing and a central swirl vane component; the housing comprising a stable current contraction section and a diffusion separation section connected sequentially from front to back; the stable flow contraction section comprising a straight pipe stable flow section and a Laval nozzle reduction section; the straight pipe stable flow section located in front of the Laval nozzle reduction section, and connected to the Laval nozzle reduction section; the straight pipe stable flow section having a columnar structure; the Laval nozzle reduction section having a vitosins curve structure, being the Laval nozzle reduction section starting from a split between the Laval nozzle reduction section and the straight pipe stable flow section and gradually decreasing in the direction of the diffusion separation section according to a vitosins curve; the diffusion separation section comprising a Laval nozzle expansion section, an annular collection tank, and a secondary diffusion section; the Laval nozzle expansion section being connected to the Laval nozzle reduction section; the Laval nozzle expansion section having a conical structure, being a gradual expansion from front to back; the annular collecting tank located integrally in the secondary diffusion section, and the annular collecting tank located outside the secondary diffusion section; the annular collecting tank being coaxially connected to the secondary diffusion section; an integral part consisting of the annular collecting tank and the secondary diffusion section located at the rear of the Laval nozzle expansion section, and the Laval nozzle expansion section being connected to the integral part consisting of the annular collecting tank and the secondary diffusion section; the straight pipe stable flow section, the Laval nozzle reduction section, the Laval nozzle expansion section, and the annular collection tank being coaxially connected; the central vertebrae component comprising an anterior central vertebral vane component and a posterior central vertebral vane component, wherein the anterior central vertebral vane component is located in the straight pipe steady-flow section and the Laval nozzle reduction section, and the posterior central swirl blade component is located in the Laval nozzle -expansion section; the anterior central vertebral vane component comprising an anterior vertebral vane support and a plurality of anterior vertebral vanes; an anterior portion of the anterior vertebral vane support located in the straight-pipe stable-flow section and having the shape of a semi-ellipse; a rear portion of the front vertebral vane support located in the Laval nozzle reduction section, and having a shape corresponding to the Laval nozzle reduction section; the anterior vertebrae blades being respectively mounted on a surface of the anterior portion of the anterior vertebral vane support, wherein an extremity of the anterior vertebral vanes is in contact with an inner surface of the straight-pipe steady-flow section, and an outer side of the anterior vertebral blades is attached to the inner surface of the straight pipe stable flow section; the posterior central vertebral vane component comprising a posterior vertebral vane support and a plurality of posterior vertebral vanes; the posterior vertebral vane support being connected to the anterior vertebral vane support; the posterior vertebral vane support having a straight bar structure, with a length equal to that of the Laval nozzle expansion section; and the posterior vertebral vanes being sequentially attached along a longitudinal direction of the posterior vertebral vane support, and increasing sizes of the posterior vertebral vanes gradually from front to posterior in the longitudinal direction of the posterior vertebral vane support. 2. De volledige wervelschoep supersonische scheidingsinrichting volgens claim 1, waarbij een achterste uiteinde van de stabiele-stroom-contractiesectie verbonden is met een voorste uiteinde van de diffusieseparatiesectie door middel van een flens.The complete vortex vane supersonic separator according to claim 1, wherein a rear end of the stable-flow contraction section is connected to a front end of the diffusion separation section by means of a flange. 3. De volledige wervelschoep supersonische scheidingsinrichting volgens claim 1, waarbij een achterste uitlaat van de Laval-sproeier-reductiesectie dezelfde diameter heeft als een voorste inlaat van de Laval-sproeier-expansiesectie.The complete swirl vane supersonic separator according to claim 1, wherein a rear outlet of the Laval nozzle reduction section has the same diameter as a front inlet of the Laval nozzle expansion section. 4. De volledige wervelschoep supersonische scheidingsinrichting volgens claim 1, waarbij de ringvorminge verzameltank omvat een ringvormige verzameltank buitenzijde en een ringvormige verzameltank binnenzijde, een voorste uiteinde van de ringvormige verzameltank buitenzijde verbonden is met een achterste uiteinde van de Laval-sproeier- expansiesectie,; en een voorste uiteinde van de ringvormige verzameltank binnenzijde verbonden is met een voorste uiteinde van de secundaire diffusiesectie.The complete swirl vane supersonic separator according to claim 1, wherein the annular collecting tank comprises an annular collecting tank outside and an annular collecting tank inside, a front end of the annular collecting tank outside is connected to a rear end of the Laval nozzle expansion section; and a front end of the annular collecting tank inside is connected to a front end of the secondary diffusion section. 5. De volledige wervelschoep supersonische scheidingsinrichting volgens claim 1 of 4, waarbij de secundaire diffusiesectie de vorm heeft van een kegel, en een spanningshoek van de secundaire diffusiesectie dezelfde is als die van de Laval-sproeier-expansiesectie.The complete swirl vane supersonic separator according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the secondary diffusion section is in the shape of a cone, and a strain angle of the secondary diffusion section is the same as that of the Laval nozzle expansion section. 6. De volledige wervelschoep supersonische scheidingsinrichting volgens claim 1, waarbij een curve van de Laval-sproeier-expansiesectie voldoet aan de volgende vergelijking: ee 5 : 1-3] 1 |{E] [2 i 1 + En ] 3x . ; in de vergelijking betekent x een axiale afstand van voor naar achter berekend vanaf een inlaat van de Laval-sproeier-reductiesectie; waarbij x=0 bij de inlaat van de Laval-sproeier-reductiesectie; r betekent een diameter op de axiale afstand x van de Laval-sproeier-reductiesectie; L betekent een lengte van de Laval-sproeier-reductiesectie; r betekent een diameter aan de inlaat van de Laval-sproeier-reductiesectie; en re betekent een doorsnedediameter aan de achterste uitlaat van de Laval-sproeier-reductiesectie.6. The complete swirl vane supersonic separator according to claim 1, wherein a curve of the Laval nozzle expansion section satisfies the following equation: ee 5 : 1-3] 1 |{E] [2 i 1 + En ] 3x . ; in the equation, x means an axial distance from front to back calculated from an inlet of the Laval nozzle reduction section; where x=0 at the inlet of the Laval nozzle reduction section; r means a diameter at the axial distance x of the Laval nozzle reduction section; L means a length of the Laval nozzle reduction section; r means a diameter at the inlet of the Laval nozzle reduction section; and re means a cross-sectional diameter at the rear outlet of the Laval nozzle reduction section. 7. De volledige wervelschoep supersonische scheidingsinrichting volgens claim 6, waarbij een lengte van de Laval-sproeier-expansiesectie voldoet aan de volgende vergelijking: r= zin +r, tan ? 2 ; in de vergelijk betekent ¢ een spanningshoek van de Laval-sproeier-expansiesectie; m2 betekent een doorsnedediameter van een uitlaat van de Laval-sproeier-expansiesectie; en / betekent de lengte van de Laval-sproeier-expansiesectie.The complete swirl vane supersonic separator of claim 6, wherein a length of the Laval nozzle expansion section satisfies the following equation: r= sense +r, tan ? 2 ; in the equation ¢ means a stress angle of the Laval nozzle expansion section; m2 means a cross-sectional diameter of an outlet of the Laval nozzle expansion section; and / means the length of the Laval nozzle expansion section.
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