NL2023057B1 - A Method of Printing with a Scanning-Type Printer - Google Patents

A Method of Printing with a Scanning-Type Printer Download PDF

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Publication number
NL2023057B1
NL2023057B1 NL2023057A NL2023057A NL2023057B1 NL 2023057 B1 NL2023057 B1 NL 2023057B1 NL 2023057 A NL2023057 A NL 2023057A NL 2023057 A NL2023057 A NL 2023057A NL 2023057 B1 NL2023057 B1 NL 2023057B1
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Netherlands
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pixel
print
printed
scan
substrate
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NL2023057A
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Dutch (nl)
Inventor
Vulpe Radu
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Canon Production Printing Holding Bv
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J19/00—Character- or line-spacing mechanisms
    • B41J19/14—Character- or line-spacing mechanisms with means for effecting line or character spacing in either direction
    • B41J19/142—Character- or line-spacing mechanisms with means for effecting line or character spacing in either direction with a reciprocating print head printing in both directions across the paper width
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J3/00—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed
    • B41J3/407—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for marking on special material
    • B41J3/4073—Printing on three-dimensional objects not being in sheet or web form, e.g. spherical or cubic objects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/89—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in moving material, e.g. running paper or textiles

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  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)

Abstract

A method of printing an image composed of a plurality of pixels onto a surface of a substrate (18), on a printer that comprises a print head that is movable relative to the substrate (18) in opposite directions along at least one scan axis (x), characterized by the steps of: - assigning a direction attribute (f, r, bidi) to each pixel of the image, said direction attribute specifying for each of the two directions whether it is permitted to print the pixel in a scan pass in that direction; and - scanning the substrate (18) in at least one scan pass per direction while controlling the print head in accordance with the direction attributes (F, r, bidi) of the pixels.

Description

P4115NL00 1 A Method of Printing with a Scanning-Type Printer The invention relates to a method of printing an image composed of a plurality of pixels onto a surface of a substrate, on a printer that comprises a print head that is movable relative to the substrate in opposite directions along at least one scan axis.
More particularly, the invention relates to a method of printing on an ink jet printer. In a typical ink jet printer, the print head moves over the surface of the substrate in a first direction along a main scan axis in order to print a swath of the image onto the substrate. When the print head has completed its scan pass, the substrate or a gantry carrying the print head is moved by the width of the swath along a sub-scanning axis, normal to the main scanning axis, so that an adjacent swath of the image can be printed during a return pass of the print head.
Depending upon the material and surface structure of the substrate, there may be cases where an image must be printed only when the print head moves in one of the two directions, so that a unidirectional print mode has to be applied. This may be the case for example if the surface of the substrate is not entirely flat but has fine corrugations with a saw-tooth profile having a steep slope on one side and a shallow slope on the other side. Then, when the print head moves in the direction in which the steep slope descends, an aberration of the ink droplets, that is due to the movement of the print head in the scanning direction, may be so large that the ink droplets cannot impinge on the steep slope, so that the image is not printed properly.
If the entire image has to be printed in the unidirectional mode, the productivity is relatively low because the print head will be idle half of the time. There may also be applications in which only certain parts of the total area of the substrate require printing in the unidirectional mode, or different areas of the substrate require printing with opposite scanning directions. In these applications, which will be designated as “direction-dependent printing” hereinafter, it has been common practice to split the print job into two or more jobs, one for each direction mode. However, such a splitting of a print job requires extra work on the side of the person creating the print jobs and also on the side of the operator of the printer.
P4115NL00 2 It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a more efficient method of direction- dependent printing. In order to achieve this object, the method according to the invention comprises the steps of: - assigning a direction attribute to each pixel of the image, said direction attribute specifying for each of the two directions whether it is permitted to print the pixel in a scan pass in that direction; and - scanning the substrate in at least one scan pass per direction while controlling the print head in accordance with the direction attributes. The direction attributes assigned to the pixels of the image constitute another quality of the image, similar to the quality “color” in color printing, and can be handled in a way that is quite similar to the way in which different colors are handled in color printing, the only difference being that, instead of switching to a nozzle which prints another color if a pixel in a different color has to be printed, the nozzles are deactivated entirely if the print head passes over a pixel for which the direction attribute is not compatible with the current scanning direction of the print head. In this way, all the information required for direction-dependent printing can be integrated into a single print job, which facilitates both, the job creation and the job handling. In many cases, the method according to the invention enables also a more efficient print process. For example, if unidirectional printing in a first direction is required for one part of the image and bidirectional printing is allowed for the rest of the image, every second print swath of the unidirectional part can be printed already in the same scan passes that are used for printing the bidirectional part, and only the remaining swathes in the part that requires unidirectional printing have to be filled-in in an extra unidirectional scan cycle.
More specific optional features of the invention are indicated in the dependent claims. It is observed that the method according to the invention is also applicable and useful in case of a printer that has a page-wide print head and is capable of scanning the
P4115NLO0O 3 substrate in two passes with opposite scanning directions at least in those applications in which different parts of the image require unidirectional printing in different directions.
Moreover, it is straightforward to extend the method according to the invention to printers in which the print head is driven by a x-y-drive mechanism, so that each of the X- and y-axes can be selected to be the main scanning axis.
In that case, the image quality can be improved further by choosing among four different scanning directions.
The step of assigning direction attributes to the pixels may comprise a step of creating an overlay which divides the total image area into sub-areas in which all pixels shall have the same direction attribute, and then to assign respective direction attributes to the entire sub-areas.
In that case, the overlay will form part of the print job, and when the job is executed on the printer, it will be decided for each pixel on the basis of the attribute that is read from the overlay whether or not the pixel is to be printed in the current scan pass.
An embodiment example will now be described in conjunction with the drawings, wherein: Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an ink jet printer printing an image onto a surface of a substrate; Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a detail D of the print substrate shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the print substrate shown in Fig. 1, showing also subsequent swathes of the image that will be printed in a bidirectional scan mode; Fig. 4 is a flow diagram of a job creation part of a method according to the invention; and Fig. 5 is a flow diagram of a job execution part of the method according to the invention.
Asis shown in Fig. 1, an ink jet printer has a print head 10 (or an assembly of several
P4115NL00 4 print heads) mounted on a carriage 12. The carriage 12 is driven to move along a gantry 14 that extends along a main scanning axis x. The print head 10 may be active when the carriage 12 moves in a forward direction F, and also when it moves in a reverse direction R opposite to the forward direction. In the situation shown in Fig. 1, the carriage 12 is just moving in the forward direction F, while droplets 16 of ink are expelled onto the surface of a substrate 18. Since the droplets 16 that are ejected from nozzles of the print head 10 move vertically downwards towards the surface of the substrate 18 with a finite speed while the print head 10 itself is moving with a certain speed along the main scanning axis x, the speed vectors in vertical and horizontal directions add up, so that the ink droplets 16 experience a certain aberration, as has been indicated by an arrow A. In the example shown, the substrate 18, which has been shown in cross-section in Fig.
1, has certain areas 20, 22 in which its top surface is horizontal, and other areas 24, 26 in which the surface is inclined and descends and rises, respectively, in the forward direction F. Due to the aberration, the ink droplets 16 hit the surface in the area 26 approximately at right angles. However, if ink droplets would be ejected onto the surface in the area 24 while the print head moves in the forward direction F, the aberration would lead to a relatively acute angle between the trajectory of the droplet and the surface of the substrate. Depending upon the material and surface properties of the substrate 18, this may degrade the print quality. If, for example, the descending and rising surfaces in the areas 24, 26 are not perfectly plane but have minute step-like corrugations 30, as has been shown on an enlarged scale in Fig. 2, the aberration of the droplets can have the effect that the trajectories T of the droplets cast a shadow S onto certain zones of the substrate surface. As a consequence, no ink droplets can be deposited in the zones that lie in the shadow S. Only when the print head moves in the opposite direction, the droplets 16 will have trajectories T' that are inclined such that the droplets can also impinge on the vertical edge of each step 30 and there are no shadow zones. In the method according to the invention, in order to account for this effect, direction- dependent printing is employed, and when a print job is created, a specific direction attribute is assigned to each of the surface areas 20, 22, 24 and 26 indicating the
P4115NL00 scanning direction or directions that are allowable for printing that area. Fig. 3 shows the substrate 18 in a top plan view. The area 22 is a depressed area that is bounded in the direction of the main scanning axis x by the inclined areas 24 and 26. In 5 a sub-scanning direction y, normal to the main scanning direction x, the area 22 is bounded by inclined areas 32 and 34 where the surface is inclined in the direction of the sub-scanning axis y. Shown in dashed lines in Fig. 3 are successive swathes 36 of the image to be printed onto the substrate 18. These swathes are adjacent to one another in the sub-scanning direction and each have a width that corresponds to the width of a nozzle array of the print head 10, so that the print head can print one complete swatch 36 in each scan pass. In a bidirectional print mode, the print head 10 moves back and forth in forward and reverse direction along the main scanning axis x. The scanning direction for each swath has been indicated by an arrow at the left end of the swath.
The direction attributes that are assigned to each of the areas 20, 22, 24, 26, 32 and 34 can have one of the following three values: "f’, “r’ and “bidi”. The attribute “f” (forward) means that printing on that area is allowed only when the print head moves in forward direction. The attribute “r” means that printing on that area is allowed only when the printhead moves in reverse direction. The attribute “bidi” (bidirectional) means that the scanning direction does not matter and printing on that area is allowed in both, a forward scan pass and a reverse scan pass.
In a first scan cycle, bidirectional printing is employed, and the swathes 36 are printed one after the other from bottom to top in Fig. 3. In the first scan pass, the print head passes only over the area 20 where printing in the forward direction is allowed, so that the entire swath can be printed. In the second pass, the print head moves in reverse direction over parts of the areas 20, 26, 34 and 24. In the areas 34 and 24, scanning in reverse direction is allowed, so that the print head can be active. However, in the part of the area 26 in that swath, the print head moves in the wrong direction and must be deactivated. The parts of the areas 24 and 26 where the print head is not active in the first scan cycle have been hatched in Fig. 3.
Inthe subsequent scan passes, most of the image can be printed, and only the hatched
P4115NLO0O 6 parts of the areas 24 and 26 remain blank. These blank areas are then filled-in in another bidirectional scan cycle in which, however, the print head needs to move only over the width portion of the substrate that includes the areas 24 and 26, so that less time is required for this scan cycle. In the sub-scanning direction y, the scan cycle can also be limited to the range that includes the areas 24 and 26 (and 32 and 34). In this second scan cycle, the scanning directions in each swath are opposite to the directions indicated by the arrows in Fig. 3. Consequently, the print head moves in the right direction when passing over the blank parts of the areas 24 and 26, so that these parts can be printed.
With the scanning scheme described above, direction-dependent printing can be performed with high efficiency.
The method according to the invention requires some steps to be formed in the process of creating a print job and other steps to be performed in the process of executing the print job.
Fig. 4 is a flow diagram of a process of creating a print job in accordance with the invention. An image to be printed onto the substrate 18 is loaded in step S1 in any suitable format, e.g. a page description language. Then, in step S2, the image is divided into areas, e.g. the areas 20, 22, etc. in Fig. 3, and the allowable print directions are specified for each area. Then, in step S3, the image data that have been loaded in step S1 are subjected to raster image processing (RIP), so that a raster image file is obtained in which specific color values are assigned to each pixel of the image. Then, in step S4, which may form part of the raster image processing, an overlay is created by assigning one of the direction attributes “f’, “r” or “bidi” to each pixel. The direction attributes will be the same for all the pixels in the entire area specified in step S2, and the direction attribute will depend upon the allowed print directions that have been specified in step S2.
In a modified embodiment, it is possible to integrate the steps S2 and S4 into a single step which is performed after raster image processing.
Finally, in step S5, the print job is sent to the printer for being printed.
P4115NLO0O 7 Fig. 5 is a flow diagram illustrating essential steps of a process of executing the print job in accordance with the invention.
Ina first scan cycle S10, bidirectional printing is employed in the way that has been described in conjunction with Fig. 3. In each forward scan pass and for each pixel in the swath 36 to be printed in that scan pass, the direction attribute is retrieved form the overlay, and it is checked in step S11 whether the direction attribute is “f or “bidi”. If that is the case (Y), the print head moves in the correct direction and the pixel is printed in step S12. Otherwise, the print head is disabled in step S13 and the pixel is not printed. Similarly, in each reverse scan pass and for each pixel in the swath that is printed in that pass, it is checked in step S14 whether the direction attribute for the pixel is “r’ or “bidi”. If that is the case (Y), the pixel is printed in step S15. Otherwise, the print head is deactivated in step S16.
When the first scan cycle has been completed, it is checked in step S17 whether there are still any blank areas on the surface of the substrate 18, i.e. whether the print head has been deactivated for at least one pixel in step S13 or step S16. If that is not the case (N), the print processing ends with step S18. Otherwise (Y), a second scan cycle is performed in step S19. In this cycle, however, the direction of movement of the print head 10 is opposite to the direction in which the print head was moved in the same swath in the first scan cycle.
Optionally, the second scan cycle may be limited to only the part of the substrate surface where the blank areas are present.
P4115NLO0O 8 Embodiments
1. A method of printing an image composed of a plurality of pixels onto a surface of a substrate (18), on a printer that comprises a print head (10) that is movable relative to the substrate (18) in opposite directions (F, R) along at least one scan axis (x), characterized by the steps of: - assigning a direction attribute (f, r, bidi) to each pixel of the image, said direction attribute specifying for each of the two directions (F, R) whether it is permitted to print the pixel in a scan pass in that direction; and - scanning the substrate (18) in at least one scan pass per direction while controlling the print head in accordance with the direction attributes (F, r, bidi) of the pixels.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the direction attribute of each pixel has one of the values: “forward” (f), “reverse” (r), and “bidirectional” (bidi), and wherein, when the print head moves in the forward direction (F), a pixel is printed only if its direction attribute is “forward” or “bidirectional” and when the print head moves in reverse direction (R), the pixel is printed only if its direction attribute is “reverse” or “bidirectional”.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, in a process of creating a print job, the image is divided into areas (20, 22 24. 26, 32, 34) and, for each area, a uniform direction attribute is assigned to each pixel in the entire area.
4 The method according to claim 3, wherein a process of executing the print job comprises a first bidirectional print cycle (S10) in which it is decided for each pixel, on the basis of the direction in which the print head passes over the pixel and on the basis of the direction attribute, whether or not the pixel is to be printed, and, if at least one pixel has not been printed in the first print cycle, the process comprises a second scan cycle (S19) in which said at least one pixel printed.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the second print cycle (S19) is a bidirectional scan cycle in which, in each swath (36) of the image to be printed, the direction of movement of the print head (10) is opposite to the direction of movement that the print head has had in the same swath in the first scan cycle (S10).
P4115NLO0O 9
6. A software product comprising program code on a computer-readable non- transitory medium, the program code, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the job creation process specified in claim 3 by prompting a user to identify the areas (20, 22 24. 26, 32, 34) and to specify one of the direction attributes for each area.
7. A software product comprising program code on a computer-readable non- transitory medium, the program code, when run on a computer that controls a scanning- type printer, causes the printer to perform the job execution steps specified in claim 4 or
5.

Claims (7)

P4115NL00 10 ConclusiesP4115NL00 10 Conclusions 1. Werkwijze voor het afdrukken van een afbeelding samengesteld uit een veelheid van pixels op een oppervlak van een substraat (18), op een printer die een printkop (10) omvat die beweegbaar is ten opzichte van het substraat (18) in tegengestelde richtingen (F, R) langs ten minste één scanas (x), gekenmerkt door de stappen van: - het toewijzen van een richtingskenmerk (f, r, bidi) aan elke pixel van de afbeelding, waarbij genoemd richtingskenmerk voor elk van de twee richtingen (F, R) specificeert of het is toegestaan om de pixel in een scanbeweging in die richting af te drukken; en - het scannen van het substraat (18) in ten minste één scanbeweging per richting terwijl de printkop wordt bestuurd in overeenstemming met de richtingskenmerken (f, r, bidi) van de pixels.A method of printing an image composed of a plurality of pixels on a surface of a substrate (18), on a printer comprising a print head (10) movable with respect to the substrate (18) in opposite directions ( F, R) along at least one scan axis (x), characterized by the steps of: - assigning a directional characteristic (f, r, bidi) to each pixel of the image, said directional characteristic for each of the two directions (F , R) specifies whether it is allowed to print the pixel in a scan motion in that direction; and - scanning the substrate (18) in at least one scan movement per direction while controlling the printhead in accordance with the directional characteristics (f, r, bidi) of the pixels. 2. Werkwijze volgens conclusie 1, waarbij het richtingskenmerk van elke pixel een van de volgende waarden heeft: ‘forward’ (f), ‘reverse’ (r) en ‘bidirectional’ (bidi), en waarbij, wanneer de printkop in de voorwaartse richting (F) beweegt, een pixel alleen wordt afgedrukt als zijn richtingskenmerk ‘forward’ of ‘bidirectional’ is en wanneer de printkop in achterwaartse richting (R) beweegt, de pixel alleen wordt afgedrukt als zijn richtingskenmerk ‘reverse’ of ‘bidirectional’ is.The method of claim 1, wherein the directional characteristic of each pixel has one of the following values: 'forward' (f), 'reverse' (r), and 'bidirectional' (bidi), and where, when the printhead is in the forward direction (F), a pixel will only be printed if its directional attribute is 'forward' or 'bidirectional' and when the print head moves in the backward direction (R), the pixel will only be printed if its directional attribute is 'reverse' or 'bidirectional' . 3. Werkwijze volgens conclusie 1 of 2, waarbij, in een werkwijze van het creéren van een afdruktaak, de afbeelding wordt verdeeld in gebieden (20, 22, 24, 26, 32, 34) en, voor elk gebied, een uniform richtingskenmerk is toegewezen aan elke pixel in het volledige gebied.The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, in a method of creating a print job, the image is divided into areas (20, 22, 24, 26, 32, 34) and, for each area, is a uniform orientation feature assigned to each pixel in the entire area. 4. Werkwijze volgens conclusie 3, waarbij een werkwijze voor het uitvoeren van de afdruktaak een eerste bidirectionele printcyclus (S10) omvat waarin voor elke pixel wordt besloten, op basis van de richting waarin de printkop over de pixel passeert en op basis van het richtingskenmerk, of de pixel al dan niet moet worden afgedrukt en, indien ten minste één pixel niet is afgedrukt in de eerste printcyclus, de werkwijze een tweede scancyclus (S19) omvat waarin genoemde ten minste één pixel wordt afgedrukt.The method of claim 3, wherein a method of executing the print job includes a first bidirectional print cycle (S10) in which a decision is made for each pixel, based on the direction in which the printhead passes over the pixel and based on the direction characteristic, whether or not the pixel is to be printed and, if at least one pixel is not printed in the first print cycle, the method includes a second scan cycle (S19) in which said at least one pixel is printed. 5. Werkwijze volgens conclusie 4, waarbij de tweede printcyclus (S19) een bidirectionele scancyclus is waarin, in elke baan (36) van de af te drukken afbeelding,The method of claim 4, wherein the second print cycle (S19) is a bidirectional scan cycle in which, in each path (36) of the image to be printed, P4115NL00 11 de bewegingsrichting van de printkop (10) tegengesteld is aan de bewegingsrichting die de printkop had in dezelfde baan in de eerste scancyclus (S10).P4115NL00 11 the direction of movement of the printhead (10) is opposite to the direction of movement that the printhead had in the same path in the first scan cycle (S10). 6. Softwareproduct omvattende programmacode op een computerleesbaar niet- vluchtig medium, waarbij de programmacode, wanneer deze op een computer wordt uitgevoerd, ervoor zorgt dat de computer de werkwijze voor het creëren van een taak, gespecificeerd in conclusie 3, uitvoert door een gebruiker te vragen de gebieden (20, 22, 24, 26, 32, 34) te identificeren en om een van de richtingskenmerken voor elk gebied op te geven.A software product comprising program code on a computer-readable non-volatile medium, wherein the program code, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the task creation method specified in claim 3 by prompting a user identify the areas (20, 22, 24, 26, 32, 34) and to specify one of the directional characteristics for each area. 7. Softwareproduct omvattende programmacode op een computerleesbaar niet- vluchtig medium, waarbij de programmacode, wanneer deze wordt uitgevoerd op een computer die een printer van het scantype bestuurt, ervoor zorgt dat de printer de stappen voor taakuitvoering uitvoert die zijn gespecificeerd in conclusie 4 of 5.A software product comprising program code on a computer-readable non-volatile medium, wherein the program code, when executed on a computer controlling a scan-type printer, causes the printer to perform the task execution steps specified in claim 4 or 5 .
NL2023057A 2019-05-02 2019-05-02 A Method of Printing with a Scanning-Type Printer NL2023057B1 (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5661507A (en) * 1994-02-10 1997-08-26 Hewlett-Packard Company Inkjet printing modes to optimize image-element edges for best printing quality
US20130163010A1 (en) * 2011-12-27 2013-06-27 Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Print control device capable of generating image data using plurality of error matrices

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5661507A (en) * 1994-02-10 1997-08-26 Hewlett-Packard Company Inkjet printing modes to optimize image-element edges for best printing quality
US20130163010A1 (en) * 2011-12-27 2013-06-27 Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Print control device capable of generating image data using plurality of error matrices

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