NL2022941B1 - Explosion-proof sensor for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere - Google Patents
Explosion-proof sensor for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NL2022941B1 NL2022941B1 NL2022941A NL2022941A NL2022941B1 NL 2022941 B1 NL2022941 B1 NL 2022941B1 NL 2022941 A NL2022941 A NL 2022941A NL 2022941 A NL2022941 A NL 2022941A NL 2022941 B1 NL2022941 B1 NL 2022941B1
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- NL
- Netherlands
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- sensor according
- window
- sensor
- sensor unit
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005336 safety glass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009993 protective function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012489 doughnuts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- ORQBXQOJMQIAOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nobelium Chemical compound [No] ORQBXQOJMQIAOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
- G01S17/10—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
- G01S7/4811—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements common to transmitter and receiver
- G01S7/4813—Housing arrangements
Abstract
The invention relates to an explosion-proof sensor for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere. The explosion-proof sensor comprises a modular housing, which 5 housing comprises at least one preferably thermally conductive top part, at least one preferably thermally conductive bottom part, and at least one substantially translucent window for the transmission of light, wherein at least one lidar sensor unit is accommodated within said housing.
Description
Explosion-proof sensor for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere The invention relates to an explosion-proof sensor for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere. The invention also relates to an explosion-proof housing for use in such sensor. The invention furthermore relates to an explosion-proof mobile inspection robot for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere comprising such sensor. Explosion-proof inspection robots are nowadays used for inspection purposes in environments with a potentially explosive atmosphere. Such inspection robots are generally remotely operated by a human operator using a controller and a visual imaging means which are in connection with for example a camera of the inspection robot. It can be understood that there is a demand for an inspection robot having an autonomous driving system. This is for example possible by programming a fixed route for the inspection robot to follow. However, when the inspection robot follows a predetermined route and there are any (unexpected) obstacles on this route, the robot will have to detect these and, if possible, avoid the obstacle.
Itis a goal of the invention to contribute to abovementioned demand to develop an autonomous inspection robot for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere. The invention provides thereto an explosion-proof sensor for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere, comprising at least one substantially closed explosion-proof modular housing, which housing comprises at least one preferably thermally conductive top part, at least one preferably thermally conductive bottom part, and at least one substantially translucent window for the transmission of light, and at least one sensor unit, preferably a lidar sensor unit accommodated within said housing, wherein the substantially translucent window is at least partially, and preferably fully enclosed between the top part and the bottom part of the housing, and wherein the lidar sensor unit and the substantially translucent window are positioned such that light pulses sent by the preferably lidar sensor unit can be transmitted through the window.
Lidar, which stands for Light Detection and Ranging, is a known active remote sensing method that uses light waves in form of laser pulses to measure three- dimensional distance between an object and the sensor.
Hence, a lidar sensor comprises generally at least one transmission element for sending pulses, and at least one receiving element for receiving reflected part of sent pulses.
The ability of the lidar technology to provide three-dimensional elevation maps of the terrain, the high precision distance to the ground, and approach velocity can for example enable safe landing of robotic vehicles with a high degree of precision.
Hence, the lidar technology is particularly suitable for use in robotics.
However, in order to be able to use a lidar sensor unit in a potentially explosive atmosphere, the sensor as such must comply with ATEX regulations, or (national) equivalents thereof, for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere.
This is possible by making use of the modular housing according to the present invention.
Due to the housing comprising at least one preferably thermally conductive top part, at least one preferably thermally conductive bottom part and at least one substantially translucent window for the transmission of light which is at least partially, and preferably fully enclosed between the top part and the bottom part of the housing, the lidar sensor unit can be accommodated within said housing.
The modularity of the housing enables to provide one or more flame paths within the housing.
A flame path may contribute to the intrinsic safety of the housing, and therefore of the sensor, as it allows gases caused by an internal explosion to exit the housing and to cool down during the passage, such that can they are no longer be an explosive trigger the outside atmosphere.
The modular housing according to the invention enables the use of a regular lidar sensor unit which is already available in the market.
The lidar sensor unit used in the present invention is in particular configured for transmitting light pulses and receiving resulting input light signals reflected from objects within the field of view of the lidar sensor unit.
Due to the substantially translucent window it is possible that light pulses send by the lidar sensor unit can be transmitted through the window.
The reflection of said light pulses will subsequently also be transmitted through said window and will be received by the lidar sensor unit.
The field of view of the lidar sensor unit is therefore at least partially determined by the dimensions of the substantially translucent window.
Due to that the substantially translucent window is at least partially, and preferably fully enclosed between the top part and the bottom part of the housing substantial protection of the translucent window is provided.
The inspection sensor according to the invention can be used for, for example, inspection purposes and/or navigation purposes. The sensor can be seen as inspection and/or detection sensor. The sensor may for example be used for scanning the environment. The sensor is in particular intended for use in combination with an inspection robot for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere. The sensor according to the invention may contribute to the provision of an autonomous driving system for an inspection unit for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere as the sensor enables the detection of for example obstacles.
it is also conceivable that further imaging means, such as a camera, for example a 360 ° camera, or a further sensor unit, are used in the explosion proof sensor according to the present invention instead of a lidar sensor unit. Hence, the invention also relates to an explosion-proof sensor for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere, comprising at least one substantially closed explosion-proof modular housing, which housing comprises at least one preferably thermally conductive top part, at least one preferably thermally conductive bottom part, and at least one substantially translucent window for the transmission of light, and at least one sensor unit accommodated within said housing, wherein the substantially translucent window is at least partially, and preferably fully enclosed between the top part and the bottom part of the housing, and wherein the sensor unit and the substantially translucent window are positioned such that (light) pulses sent by the sensor unit can be transmitted through the window. Non-limiting examples of such sensor are a camera or a light sensor.
An embodiment of the sensor is possible wherein the at least one top part of the housing is mechanically connected to the at least one bottom part of the housing and wherein the at least one substantially translucent window is clamped between aforementioned housing parts. Clamping of the housing is preferably done in a medium-tight manner. The top part and the bottom part of the housing can for example be mutually connected by means of at least one screw connection. This embodiment of the sensor provides a relatively simple construction of a modular housing. The tightening of such screw connection can for example be done up to a prescribed rotation from an initial snug condition. Clamping of the window between the top part and the bottom part of the housing has for example the benefit that this embodiment for example enables that the window does not need the provision of a window frame in order to be able to mount the window within the further housing parts. The substantially translucent window can be either directly and/or indirectly clamped between the housing parts. It is possible that the window engages at least part of top and/or at least part of the bottom part. However, it is also possible that the housing comprises at least one (resilient) sealing ring which is positioned between the window and the top and/or bottom part of the housing.
It is beneficial if the housing comprises at least one distance element, and preferably multiple distance elements, configured for providing a predetermined distance between at least part of the top part of the housing and at least part of the bottom part of the housing. The use of at least one distance element has several benefits. By using at least one distance element is it possible to provide a more controlled clamping of the at least one substantially translucent window between the top part and the bottom part of the housing. Herewith it can be prevented that excessive forces are exercised onto the window, for example during mounting of the modular housing or during fastening or tightening of the mutual mechanical connection of the top part and the bottom part of the housing, which could lead to damage, in particular breakage, of the window. In particular the vertical, horizontal and/or axial forces exerted onto the window can be reduced. The distance element can for example be configured to provide a predetermined distance of between 1 and 6 cm between the top part and the bottom part of the housing., preferably between 2 and 5 cm.
The at least one distance element is preferably thermally conductive. At least one distance element preferably forms (separate) part of the modular housing. However, in a further possible embodiment it is possible that the at least one distance element is connected to or forms integral part of the top part or bottom part of the housing. It is beneficial if at least one distance element is configured for receiving at least part of a mechanical fixing element. This may result in a relatively compact design of the sensor. Furthermore, this embodiment provides that the distance element can have a protective function for the at least one mechanical fixing element. The distance element can for example be at least partially formed by a hollow cylinder. Such hollow cylinder can for example substantially fully enclose the mechanical fixing element. Non-limiting examples of mechanical fixing elements are screws, bolts, pins, studs, hooks and/or nails. lt is possible that the top part of the housing comprises a first receiving space for 5 receiving at least part of the window and/or part of the lidar sensor unit. Herewith a further protective configuration of the window and/or the lidar sensor unit can be obtained. With this embodiment displacement of the window with respect to the top part of the housing can be prevented. lt is also possible that the bottom part of the housing comprises a second receiving space for receiving at least part of the window and/or the lidar sensor unit. Displacement of the window with respect to the bottom part of the housing can be preventing by this embodiment. This embodiment may further, for example, provide a receiving space for coupling parts for electrical connections, such as electrical cable(s).
lt is beneficial if the housing comprises at least one, and preferably multiple flame paths between the joints in the modular housing. This means that for this embodiment typically a flame path is present between the window and the top part of the housing and/or between the window and the bottom part of the housing. As outlined above, a flame path may contribute to the intrinsic safety of the housing, and therefore of the sensor, as it allows gases caused by an internal explosion to exit the housing and to cool down during the passage, such that can they are no longer be an explosive trigger the outside atmosphere. The flame path can for example be a circumferential seam. The flame path must be sufficiently long and with an interstice enough narrow to guarantee the cooling of the flue gases. The width of the flame path is for example at least 2 millimeters, preferably at least 5 millimeters, more preferably at least 10 millimeters. it is possible that the housing is substantially cylindrically shaped. It is also conceivable that the substantially translucent window is curved and/or that the substantially translucent window is an annular shaped window. A substantially cylindrical shaped housing, or any of the further mentioned embodiments, may provide an even pressure distribution in case of an internal explosion, which is advantageous in order to conserve the desired intrinsic safety of the sensor. Furthermore, it may provide a wider field of view for the lidar sensor. lt is in particular beneficial if the substantially translucent window is defined by at least one circumferential wall enclosing at least one wall opening, wherein each wall opening is substantially closed, preferably in a medium-tight manner, by at least one closing element of said housing. Hence, the window can be a substantially tubular window. The lidar sensor unit can be received within the circumferential wall of the translucent window. In a further preferred embodiment is at least one closing element formed by at least part of the top part of the housing and/or where at least one closing element is formed by at least part of the bottom part of the housing. This results in a relatively simple embodiment and a reduction the minimal number of housing parts which are required.
In a possible embodiment comprises the top part of the housing comprises at least one top flange which top flange protrudes with respect to the substantially translucent window. An embodiment is also possible wherein the bottom part of the housing comprises at least one bottom flange which bottom flange protrudes with respect to the substantially translucent window. The use of a top flange and/or a bottom flange provides further protection for the translucent window. Each flange preferably extends at least 5 mm from the window, more preferably at least 10 mm. Such flange may also provide a protective function for the glass and for the sensor as such. The flange may provide protection against weather conditions, such as rainfall and/or solar reflection. Furthermore, the top flange and bottom flange may facilitate easier connection of mechanical fixing elements. If one or more distance elements are applied, these can be positioned between flanges. The distance elements can for example be positioned at a predetermined distance from the window, in order to prevent damage of the window.
it is in particular beneficial if the lidar sensor unit is configured to provide a substantially 360° surround view. This means that the lidar sensor unit can have a substantially donut like view. The lidar sensor unit is preferably configured for providing a +10 and - 10 degrees vertical field of view, more preferably +15 and - 15 degrees, even more preferably +25 and - 25 degrees. A non-limiting example of a lidar sensor unit suitable for this application is for example a 16 channel sensor unit having 360-degree horizontal field-of-view. Such sensor unit can provide real- time three-dimensional data up to 0.1-degree vertical and horizontal resolution with up to 300-meter range and 360° surround view.
It is conceivable that the lidar sensor unit is stationary mounted within the housing. This embodiment may benefit of a relatively low power consumption. The lidar sensor unit is preferably configured for real time monitoring.
The substantially translucent window may have a substantially uniform wall thickness. This is beneficial from an optical point of view as this may results in a uniform refractive index. The substantially translucent window having a substantially uniform wall thickness is also desirable for safety reasons, since this may contribute to the intrinsic safety of the device in case of, for example, an internal explosion. The thickness of the substantially translucent wall of the window is for example at least 8 mm, preferably at least 10 mm. A non-limiting example is a wall thickness of 13 mm. In a further preferred embodiment, the substantially translucent window is positioned at a predetermined distance from an outside wall of the lidar sensor unit. It is also conceivable that the thickness of the substantially translucent window is non-uniform. The thickness of the substantially translucent window may for example deviate over the height of the window. It is for example possible that a top and/or bottom part of the window comprises a thicker wall thickness than a middle part positioned between the top and bottom part of said window. The substantially translucent window may for example positioned at least 5mm from an outside wall of the lidar sensor unit, preferably at least 7 mm, more preferable at least 9 mm. The predetermined distance up to the translucent window is preferably substantially uniform over the entire circumference of the lidar sensor unit. Hence, there may be a parallel positioning of the window with respect to the lidar sensor unit.
A primary material property of the substantially translucent window is that the window should be translucent for a laser beam of the lidar sensor unit. The substantially translucent window can for example be made of protective glass. Protective glass is in particular suitable for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere. The substantially translucent window can for example be made of quartz glass, in particular fused quartz glass. Quartz glass, and in particular fused quartz glass benefits of a high working and melting temperatures. Other benefits of the material making it suitable for use in the present invention can be found in a high hardness, a low coefficient of thermal expansion, a high corrosion resistance and good optical transmission from ultraviolet to infrared. Another example whereof the substantially translucent window can be made is sapphire glass.
Sapphire glass benefits a high hardness and a good (scratch) resistance, which properties are favourable in explosive environments.
Sapphire glass benefits in particular a high durability.
The top part of the housing and/or the bottom part of the housing are possibly at least partially, and preferably entirely manufactured of a metal.
Non-
limiting examples of possible metals to be used in the present invention are aluminium and/or stainless steel.
The invention also relates to an explosion-proof housing for use in a sensor as described above.
The invention furthermore relates to an explosion-proof mobile inspection robot for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere comprising at least one inspection sensor as described above.
The mobile inspection robot can for example be an autonomous inspection robot.
It is further possible that at least part of the housing is stationary mounted to support structure of inspection robot.
The invention will be further elucidated herein below on the basis of the non- limitative exemplary embodiments shown in the following figures.
Herein shows;
figure 1a a perspective view of a possible embodiment of a sensor according to the invention; figure 1b a cross-sectional view of the sensor as shown in figure 1a; figure 1c an exploded view of the sensor as shown in figures 1a and 1b; and figure 2 a perspective view of an inspection robot according to the invention comprising a sensor according to the invention.
Figure 1a shows a perspective view of a possible embodiment of a sensor 100 according to the invention.
Figure 1b show a cross-sectional view of the sensor 100 and figure 1c an exploded thereof.
Similar reference signs in these figures therefore correspond to similar or equivalent elements or features.
Figures 1a, 1b and 1c show an explosion-proof sensor 100 for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere.
The sensor 100 comprises at least one modular housing 101, which housing comprises a thermally conductive top part 102, a thermally conductive bottom part 103, and a substantially translucent window 104 for the transmission of light. A sensor unit 105, in particular a lidar sensor unit 105 is accommodated within said housing 101. The substantially translucent window 104 is enclosed between the top part 102 and the bottom part 103 of the housing 101. The top part 102 of the housing 101 is mechanically connected to the bottom part 103 of the housing 101 such that the window 104 is clamped between aforementioned housing parts 102, 103. In the shown embodiment are the housing parts 102, 103 mutually connected via mechanical fixing elements 106, in particular via screws 106. The housing 101 furthermore comprises multiple distance elements 107 for providing a predetermined distance D between at least part of the top part 102 of the housing 101 and at least part of the bottom part 103 of the housing 101. In the shown embodiment are the distance elements 107 configured for receiving at least part of a mechanical fixing element 106. Each distance element 107 therefore comprises a through hole for receiving at least part of the mechanical fixing elements 106. Both the top part 102 of the housing 101 and the bottom part 103 of the housing 101 comprises a receiving space for receiving at least part of window. Figure 1b shows that the window 104 is at least partially received within the receiving spaces of the top part 102 and the bottom part 103 of the housing 101. This configuration enables the housing 101 provides a clamping engagement of the window 104 by the top part 102 and bottom part 103 of the housing 101 wherein flame paths 108 are present in order to improve the intrinsic safety of the sensor
100. The flame paths 108 are formed by a circumferential seam 108 between the window and bottom part 103 and the top part 102 of the housing 101. In the shown embodiment is the housing 101 substantially cylindrically shaped. The translucent window 104 is defined by a circumferential wall enclosing at least one wall opening, wherein each wall opening is substantially closed, preferably in a medium-tight manner, by at least one closing element 102, 103 of said housing 101. In the shown embodiment are the closing elements 102, 103 formed by part of the top part 102 and the bottom part 103 of the housing 101. It is, however, also conceivable that separate closing elements are used. In the shown embodiment of the housing 101 is made use of sealing rings 109 in order to ensure the medium- tight sealing between the window 104 and the top part 102 and bottom part 103 of the housing 101. The lidar sensor unit 105 comprises a support element 110 for providing improved mounting of the lidar sensor unit within the housing 101. The lidar sensor unit 105 is stationary mounted within the housing 101 by means of screws 111, 112. The lidar sensor unit 105 can be electrically connected via the electrical cable 113. The substantially translucent window 104 is generally made of protective glass, in particular of quartz glass, more in particular fused quartz glass. The further parts of the housing 101 are generally made of a thermally conductive material, in particular metal. The sensor 100 additionally comprises a mounting element 114 for mounting the sensor 100 onto for example an inspection robot (shown in figure 2) by means of screws 115. Figure 2 shows a perspective view of an inspection robot 200 for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere according to the invention comprising a sensor 100 according to the invention. The sensor 100 equals the sensor 100 shown in figures 1a-c. The sensor 100, and in particular the lidar sensor unit 105, is configured to provide a substantially 360° surround view. The field of view (FOV) of the sensor 100 is schematically indicated in the figure. That the substantially 360° surround view is interrupted at three region is due to the distance elements 107 used in the housing 101 of the sensor 100. The vertical FOV of the sensor 100 is relatively large. The vertical FOV is for example in a range of +15 degrees to -25 degrees. it will be apparent that the invention is not limited to the working examples shown and described herein, but that numerous variants are possible within the scope of the attached claims that will be obvious to a person skilled in the art. It is possible here to envisage that different inventive concepts and/or technical measures of the above described embodiment variants can be wholly or partially combined without departing from the inventive concept described in the appended claims.
The verb “comprise” and conjugations thereof used in this patent publication are understood to mean not only “comprise”, but are also understood to mean the phrases “contain”, “substantially consist of”, “formed by” and conjugations thereof.
Claims (24)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2022941A NL2022941B1 (en) | 2019-04-15 | 2019-04-15 | Explosion-proof sensor for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2022941A NL2022941B1 (en) | 2019-04-15 | 2019-04-15 | Explosion-proof sensor for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NL2022941B1 true NL2022941B1 (en) | 2020-10-22 |
Family
ID=67106099
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2022941A NL2022941B1 (en) | 2019-04-15 | 2019-04-15 | Explosion-proof sensor for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| NL (1) | NL2022941B1 (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6411374B2 (en) * | 1998-11-24 | 2002-06-25 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Light-projecting/receiving unit and omnidirectional distance detecting apparatus |
| US20050184223A1 (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2005-08-25 | Makoto Inomata | Object detecting apparatus |
| US20180284232A1 (en) * | 2017-04-03 | 2018-10-04 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Sensor apparatus |
| CN109061604A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-21 | 燕山大学 | A kind of explosion-proof casing of laser range finder |
-
2019
- 2019-04-15 NL NL2022941A patent/NL2022941B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6411374B2 (en) * | 1998-11-24 | 2002-06-25 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Light-projecting/receiving unit and omnidirectional distance detecting apparatus |
| US20050184223A1 (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2005-08-25 | Makoto Inomata | Object detecting apparatus |
| US20180284232A1 (en) * | 2017-04-03 | 2018-10-04 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Sensor apparatus |
| CN109061604A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-21 | 燕山大学 | A kind of explosion-proof casing of laser range finder |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| HASAN REHANUL ET AL: "Hybrid Arc Flash Protection Within Electrically Classified Areas", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, IEEE SERVICE CENTER, PISCATAWAY, NJ, US, vol. 52, no. 4, 1 July 2016 (2016-07-01), pages 3548 - 3556, XP011616961, ISSN: 0093-9994, [retrieved on 20160715], DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2016.2544746 * |
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