NL2012514B1 - Electrical machine. - Google Patents

Electrical machine. Download PDF

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Publication number
NL2012514B1
NL2012514B1 NL2012514A NL2012514A NL2012514B1 NL 2012514 B1 NL2012514 B1 NL 2012514B1 NL 2012514 A NL2012514 A NL 2012514A NL 2012514 A NL2012514 A NL 2012514A NL 2012514 B1 NL2012514 B1 NL 2012514B1
Authority
NL
Netherlands
Prior art keywords
discs
stator
sectors
machine according
electrical wiring
Prior art date
Application number
NL2012514A
Other languages
Dutch (nl)
Other versions
NL2012514A (en
Inventor
Frederik Switzer Hendrik
Original Assignee
Tornilo B V
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tornilo B V filed Critical Tornilo B V
Priority to NL2012514A priority Critical patent/NL2012514B1/en
Priority to PCT/NL2015/050196 priority patent/WO2015147645A2/en
Publication of NL2012514A publication Critical patent/NL2012514A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of NL2012514B1 publication Critical patent/NL2012514B1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/24—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets axially facing the armatures, e.g. hub-type cycle dynamos
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/02—Details
    • H02K21/021—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux
    • H02K21/028—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux by modifying the magnetic circuit within the field or the armature, e.g. by using shunts, by adjusting the magnets position, by vectorial combination of field or armature sections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/38—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with rotating flux distributors, and armatures and magnets both stationary
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K31/00—Acyclic motors or generators, i.e. DC machines having drum or disc armatures with continuous current collectors
    • H02K31/02—Acyclic motors or generators, i.e. DC machines having drum or disc armatures with continuous current collectors with solid-contact collectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K53/00—Alleged dynamo-electric perpetua mobilia
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
    • H02K16/02—Machines with one stator and two or more rotors

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)

Description

Electrical machine
The invention relates to an electrical machine comprising a stator provided with electric wiring and a rotor with a rotatable axle and permanent magnets for providing a rotating magnetic field having magnetic field lines cooperating with said electric wiring of the stator.
Such an electrical machine is commonly known and is used as a generator for electrical energy or as an electrical motor. In both cases the magnetic field lines have to cooperate with the electric wiring to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy or vice versa. The conversion efficiency of prior art electrical machines is restricted; for instance a known generator only provides 70% energy at its electrical output for each unit of mechanical energy that is required to drive the generator.
The invention aims to improve the conversion efficiency of the known electrical machine and to provide a feasible alternative for the known electrical machine.
The electrical machine of the invention has the features of one or more of the appended claims.
In a first aspect of the invention the rotatable axle has two first discs mounted at opposite extremities of the axle, which first discs have a magnetic permeability sufficient to direct the magnetic field lines from the permanent magnets to the sides of the electric wiring of the stator, and that between said two first discs and the electric wiring of the stator two second discs are provided that are arranged with sectors of relatively high magnetic permeability that are alternated with sectors having relatively low magnetic permeability. The energy that is required to drive the second discs that are positioned between the first discs and the electric wiring is surprisingly limited. Further this novel design provides that the mere rotation of the two second discs induces already sufficient variation of the magnetic field lines crossing the electric wiring of the stator to result into appreciable electrical energy at the output of said electric wiring. This effect can be further enhanced by simultaneous rotation of the first discs from which the magnetic field lines emerge into the electric wiring.
Thus in the electrical machine of the invention preferably not only the two second discs are rotatable, but advantageously the two first discs and the two second discs are rotatable. Preferably the two first discs and the two second discs are rotatable in an opposite direction with respect to each other. This provides the largest variation with the highest frequency on the magnetic field lines that cross the electric wiring of the stator.
Best results are achieved when the two second discs have sectors of relatively high magnetic permeability and sectors with relatively low magnetic permeability that are evenly distributed around a circle of 360°.
Although it may be possible to select other suitable materials, preferably the sectors of relatively high magnetic permeability predominantly comprise iron and the sectors of relatively low magnetic permeability predominantly comprise plastic .
It has been found advantageous that the two second discs have a larger diameter on its side directed to the electric wiring of the stator than on its opposite side directed to the first discs. This balances the forces that apply to the two second discs due to which their rotation can be effected relatively effortless.
In another aspect of the invention which can be applied independent from the above mentioned features and which may therefore be the subject of independent protection, the electrical machine is provided with electric wiring of the stator having approximately parallel wires that are perpendicular to the magnetic field lines and extend between a ground rail and a voltage rail of the electric wiring. This embodiment prevents the occurrence of bends and open spaces that are known from conventional coils, and thus limits the loss of conversion efficiency and arranges for optimal interference between the magnetic field lines and the electric wiring, therewith providing optimal transfer of energy. The electric wiring provided with this feature of the invention can be very dense which makes savings on copper possible.
Also cooling of the wiring is better making it possible to provide higher power machinery with the same material expenditure .
In one suitable embodiment of the electric machine of the invention the ground rail and the voltage rail of the electric wiring are circular and the approximate parallel electric wiring extends radially between said ground rail and voltage rail.
Suitably the ground rail and the voltage rail are spirals, thus providing that the optimal orientation of the approximately parallel wires can be maintained throughout the stat or.
The invention will hereinafter be further elucidated with reference to an exemplary embodiment illustrated with reference to the drawing.
In the drawing: -figure 1 shows an example of an electrical machine according to the invention; -figure 2 shows a cross section through the rotor and stator of the electric machine of the invention; -figure 3 provides a top view of one of the discs that are applied in the electric machine of the invention; -figure 4 shows an example of radial electric wiring between a voltage rail and ground rail; and -figure 5 shows an embodiment in which the voltage rail and ground rail are spirals.
Whenever in the figures the same reference numerals are applied, these numerals refer to the same parts.
With reference first to figure 1 an electrical machine 1 is shown comprising a stator 2 provided with electric wiring and a rotor 3 with a rotatable axle 4 in which are embedded permanent magnets for providing a rotating magnetic field having magnetic field lines cooperating with the electric wiring of the stator 2. This can be more clearly seen in figure 2 which shows that the axle 4 is constituted by a series of connected magnets S-N-S-N. On the opposite extremi ties of the axle 4 two first discs 5, 5' are mounted, which first discs 5, 5' have a magnetic permeability sufficient to direct the magnetic field lines from the permanent magnets S-N-S-N to the sides of the electric wiring 6 of the stator 2, wherein between said two first discs 5, 5' and the electric wiring 6 of the stator 2 two second discs 7, 7' are provided. Figure 3 shows that these second discs 7, 7' are arranged with sectors 8 of relatively high magnetic permeability that are alternated with sectors 9 having relatively low magnetic permeability .
Returning to figure 1 it is shown that the two second discs 7, 7' are rotatable for which purpose a bearing 10 is provided. In the most preferred embodiment the two first discs 5, 5' and the two second discs 7, 1' are rotatable in an opposite direction with respect to each other, as is depicted with the arrows A and B. Driving the assemblies of the first discs 5, 5' and second discs 7, 1' can be provided by auxiliary drives as are exemplary shown and indicated with reference 11.
Figure 1 also depicts input and output connectors for cooling fluid indicated with reference 12 and 13 respectively. Further the figure shows electrical connectors 14.
Turning back to figure 3 it is shown that the two second discs 7, 7' have sectors 8 of relatively high magnetic permeability and sectors 9 with relatively low magnetic permeability that are evenly distributed around a circle of 360°. It can further be mentioned that the sectors 8 of relatively high magnetic permeability predominantly comprise iron and the sectors 9 of relatively low magnetic permeability predominantly comprise plastic.
Figure 2 shows a preferred embodiment in which the two second discs 7, 1' have a larger diameter on their side directed to the electric wiring 6 of the stator 2 than on their opposite sides directed to the first discs 5, 5'. This promotes an effective trajectory for the magnetic field lines from the first discs 5, 5' into the wiring 6 of the stator 2, and balances the forces that apply to the two second discs 7, 1' due to which their rotation can be effected relatively ef- fortless.
In figure 4 it is shown that the electric wiring 6 of the stator 2 has approximately parallel wires 12 extending between a ground rail 13 and a voltage rail 14 of said electric wiring 6. Although not shown in figure 4, it is possible in certain embodiments to provide a straight ground rail and voltage rail. Figure 4 shows that the ground rail 13 and the voltage rail 14 are essentially circular and that the approximate parallel electric wiring 12 extends radially between said ground rail 13 and voltage rail 14. The approximate parallel or radially extending wires 12 are preferably essentially perpendicular to the magnetic field lines originating from the permanent magnets.
Figure 5 depicts that the ground rail 13 and the voltage rail 14 are spirals. This is a very beneficial embodiment for implementing the electric machine of figure 1 and figure 2 in which the electric wiring 6 of the stator 2 must extends along the entire length of the machine between the two second discs 7, 7'.
Although the invention has been discussed in the foregoing with reference to an exemplary embodiment of the apparatus of the invention, the invention is not restricted to this particular embodiment which can be varied in many ways without departing from the gist of the invention. The discussed exemplary embodiment shall therefore not be used to construe the appended claims strictly in accordance therewith. On the contrary the embodiment is merely intended to explain the wording of the appended claims without intent to limit the claims to this exemplary embodiment. The scope of protection of the invention shall therefore be construed in accordance with the appended claims only, wherein a possible ambiguity in the wording of the claims shall be resolved using this exemplary embodiment.

Claims (9)

1. Elektrische machine (1) omvattende een stator (2) voorzien van elektrische bedrading (6) en een rotor (3) met een roteerbare as (4) en permanente magneten (S-N-S-N) voor het verschaffen van een roterend magnetisch veld met magnetische veldlijnen die samenwerken met genoemde elektrische bedrading (6) van de stator (2), met het kenmerk, dat de roteerbare as (4) twee eerste schijven (5, 5') heeft die gemonteerd zijn op tegenovergelegen uiteinden van de as (4), welke eerste schijven (5, 5') een magnetische permeabiliteit bezitten die voldoende is voor het richten van de magnetische veldlijnen van de permanente magneten naar de zijden van de elektrische bedrading (6) van de stator (2), en dat tussen genoemde twee eerste schijven (5, 5') en de elektrische bedrading (6) van de stator (2) twee tweede schijven (7, 1') voorzien zijn die ingericht zijn met sectoren (8) die een relatief hoge magnetische permeabiliteit bezitten afgewisseld met sectoren (9) met een relatief lage magnetische permeabiliteit .An electrical machine (1) comprising a stator (2) provided with electrical wiring (6) and a rotor (3) with a rotatable shaft (4) and permanent magnets (SNSN) for providing a rotating magnetic field with magnetic field lines cooperating with said electrical wiring (6) of the stator (2), characterized in that the rotatable shaft (4) has two first discs (5, 5 ') mounted on opposite ends of the shaft (4), said first disks (5, 5 ') having a magnetic permeability sufficient to direct the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnets to the sides of the electrical wiring (6) of the stator (2), and that between said two first disks (5, 5 ') and the electrical wiring (6) of the stator (2) are provided with two second disks (7, 1') arranged with sectors (8) having relatively high magnetic permeability alternating with sectors ( 9) with a relatively low magnetic perme ability. 2. Elektrische machine volgens conclusie 1, met het kenmerk, dat de twee tweede schijven (7, 7') roteerbaar zijn.Electric machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the two second discs (7, 7 ') are rotatable. 3. Elektrische machine volgens conclusie 1 of 2, met het kenmerk, dat de twee eerste schijven (5, 5') en de twee tweede schijven (7, 7') in tegenovergestelde richting ten opzichte van elkaar roteerbaar zijn.Electric machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the two first disks (5, 5 ') and the two second disks (7, 7') are rotatable in opposite directions to each other. 4. Elektrische machine volgens een der voorgaande conclusies 1-3, met het kenmerk, dat de twee tweede schijven (7, 1') sectoren (8) bezitten met een relatief hoge magneti sche permeabiliteit en sectoren (9) met een relatief lage magnetische permeabiliteit die evenredig verdeeld zijn in een cirkel van 360°.An electrical machine according to any one of the preceding claims 1-3, characterized in that the two second discs (7, 1 ') have sectors (8) with a relatively high magnetic permeability and sectors (9) with a relatively low magnetic permeability that are equally distributed in a circle of 360 °. 5. Elektrische machine volgens een der voorgaande conclusies 1-4, met het kenmerk, dat de sectoren (8) met een relatief hoge magnetische permeabiliteit in hoofdzaak ijzer omvatten en de sectoren (9) met een relatief lage magnetische permeabiliteit in hoofdzaak kunststof omvatten.Electric machine according to any one of the preceding claims 1-4, characterized in that the sectors (8) with a relatively high magnetic permeability substantially comprise iron and the sectors (9) with a relatively low magnetic permeability mainly comprise plastic. 6. Elektrische machine volgens een der voorgaande conclusies 1-5, met het kenmerk, dat de twee tweede schijven (7, 1') een grotere diameter bezitten aan hun zijde die ge richt is naar de elektrische bedrading (6) van de stator (2) dan aan hun tegenovergelegen zijden die gericht zijn naar de eerste schijven (5, 5') .An electrical machine according to any one of the preceding claims 1-5, characterized in that the two second discs (7, 1 ') have a larger diameter on their side facing the electrical wiring (6) of the stator ( 2) then on their opposite sides facing the first discs (5, 5 '). 7. Elektrische machine volgens de aanhef van een der voorgaande conclusies 1-6 of volgens een der voorgaande conclusies 1-6, met het kenmerk, dat de elektrische bedrading (6) van de stator (2) ongeveer evenwijdige bedrading (12) bezit die loodrecht verloopt op de magnetische veldlijnen en zich uitstrekken tussen een grondrail (13) en een spannings-rail (14) van genoemde elektrische bedrading.Electric machine according to the preamble of one of the preceding claims 1-6 or according to one of the preceding claims 1-6, characterized in that the electrical wiring (6) of the stator (2) has approximately parallel wiring (12) that extends perpendicular to the magnetic field lines and extends between a ground rail (13) and a voltage rail (14) of said electrical wiring. 8. Elektrische machine volgens conclusie 7, met het kenmerk, dat de grondrail (13) en de spanningsrail (14) circulair zijn en dat de ongeveer evenwijdige elektrische bedrading (12) radiaal verloopt tussen genoemde grondrail (13) en spanningsrail (14).Electric machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the ground rail (13) and the voltage rail (14) are circular and that the approximately parallel electrical wiring (12) runs radially between said ground rail (13) and voltage rail (14). 9. Elektrische machine volgens conclusie 7 of 8, met het kenmerk, dat de grondrail (13) en de spanningsrail (14) spiraalvormig zijn.Electric machine according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the ground rail (13) and the voltage rail (14) are spiral-shaped.
NL2012514A 2014-03-27 2014-03-27 Electrical machine. NL2012514B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2012514A NL2012514B1 (en) 2014-03-27 2014-03-27 Electrical machine.
PCT/NL2015/050196 WO2015147645A2 (en) 2014-03-27 2015-03-27 Electrical machine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2012514A NL2012514B1 (en) 2014-03-27 2014-03-27 Electrical machine.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
NL2012514A NL2012514A (en) 2016-01-07
NL2012514B1 true NL2012514B1 (en) 2016-01-19

Family

ID=50896402

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
NL2012514A NL2012514B1 (en) 2014-03-27 2014-03-27 Electrical machine.

Country Status (2)

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NL (1) NL2012514B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2015147645A2 (en)

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1286730A (en) * 1961-01-20 1962-03-09 Normacem Sa Homopolar alternator with axial air gap with variation of reluctance
US3906267A (en) * 1973-07-26 1975-09-16 Sagem Brushless electric motors
JPS5691672A (en) * 1979-12-25 1981-07-24 Motoaki Kato Dc generator without use of rotary commutator
US4585085A (en) * 1981-08-20 1986-04-29 Handel Peter H Electric wheel-drive for motor vehicles, in particular for nondestructive hybridization of automobiles
JPH07264836A (en) * 1994-03-23 1995-10-13 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd Single pole motor
WO2006030168A1 (en) * 2004-09-15 2006-03-23 H-Empower Corp Supply of electricity for water electrolysis
US20080100169A1 (en) * 2006-10-31 2008-05-01 Hai Tee Young Homopolar electrical generator
US20120212085A1 (en) * 2011-02-17 2012-08-23 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Axial-flux electric machine
WO2013106919A1 (en) * 2012-01-20 2013-07-25 Idénergie Inc. Electric apparatus using eddy current generation for transmitting torque between two adjacent rotors

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2015147645A2 (en) 2015-10-01
NL2012514A (en) 2016-01-07
WO2015147645A3 (en) 2015-12-10

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MM Lapsed because of non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20170401