NL2011430C2

NL2011430C2 - A building comprising seperations, the seperation, and a method of constructing the building.

Info

Publication number: NL2011430C2
Application number: NL2011430A
Authority: NL
Inventors: George Johannes Ferdinandus Blom
Original assignee: Blom Internat B V
Priority date: 2013-09-12
Filing date: 2013-09-12
Publication date: 2015-03-16

Description

A BUILDING COMPRISING SEPARATIONS, THE SEPARATION,

AND A METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING THE BUILDING

Embodiments of the present invention relates to a building, comprising separations. In particular, such separations are essentially horizontally oriented to define force and or ceilings within the building. Further, embodiments of the present invention further relates to the separation on its own, as well as a method of constructing the building.

In the technical field of building construction, in particular though not exclusively prefabricated elements are commonly known for use in construction of such buildings. In the prior art, especially, though not exclusively, massive concrete separations are known to define floors and simultaneously ceilings, depending on the perspective on such separations within the building.

It is an objective of the present invention to provide improved separations, buildings and methods of constructing buildings. Embodiments of the present invention may achieve this goal and/or any other objective. A first aspect of embodiments of the present invention relates to a building, comprising upright walls, a roof and at least one separation between building levels, defining a floor from a perspective from above the separation and a ceiling from a perspective from below the separation, wherein the separation comprises: a plate-like panel having reinforcing ribs; a cover opposite the panel at a distance from the panel to define at least one space there between; and a filling in the at least one space defined between the panel and the cover. The cover may constitute a floor from a perspective from above the separation. The ribs may be internal in the panel and/or protrude therefrom, preferably to extend in the at least one space to the cover, for instance to act as at least one support for the cover.

As a result of the ribs, material can be saved relative to massive slabs of concrete, while still maintaining or achieving the required strength of the resulting separations. However, as a result of the decreased thickness of a remaining amount of concrete in a remaining panel between stories in the building, barriers to prevent transmission of sound, noise and heat or cold within the building also decrease. A filling, which is preferably either or both of thermally insulating and/or sound insulating is arranged between the ribs to impart on the resulting separation in the building a sufficient insulation for sound, noise, heat and/or cold within the building and against transmission thereof from one story to another, whilst keeping the weight of a resulting assembly low, and preferably only slightly higher than the separation without the filling. It is noted, that the filling could be provided with any other objective than sound or thermal insulation in mind, such as to provide fire resistant or slowing properties .

However, preferably, the filling comprises a sound insulating material, and/or preferably the filling comprises a thermally insulating material.

Many materials could potentially be usefully employed to form the filling for the separation between the ribs thereof. Merely by way of example, the filling could comprise at least one material that is selected from a group, which group comprises: sand, stone wool, glass fiber wool, straw, loam, cocos, flax, manure, dirt, peat, mud, hair, sheep wool, and/or the like. Other materials are equally applicable, and may be selected depending on a desired characteristic of the resulting separation.

Additionally, the filling may comprise a binder which may be at least one material that is selected from a group, which group comprises: cement; polyethylene; glue; adhesive; starch, and the like.

In a potential embodiment, in addition to or as an alternative for above-mentioned features and properties, the separation can accommodate at least one conduit and/or electric conductor, wherein at least one of the ribs comprises an opening for passage there through of the conduit and/or electric conductor. In particular in such an embodiment, a filling can have the beneficial effect that access to the conduits and/or electric conductors can be provided, even after construction of the building is finished, for instance to repair construction errors or the like, leakages, etc. In particular in this respect it can be beneficial to arrange the cover on the ribs of the panel and over or on the panel, without fixedly attaching the cover to the ribs or the panel or the walls of the building. Consequently, the cover can easily be lifted to provide access to the conduits and/or electric conductors.

Such an embodiment, having the conduits and/or electric conductors, may further exhibit the feature or property that the conduit and/or electric conductor is embedded in the filling. In particular in embodiments of fillings formed by loose material, such as straw, Stonewall, glass wall, etc., desired interrelation properties or other characteristics can be imparted on the separation without hampering access to the electrical conductors and/or the conduits. A binder can even be added, without substantially decreasing access to the conduits and/or electrical conductor (s) . Such conduits may be sewage pipes, water conductors to supply water under pressure, types of heating system, usually also under pressure, and the like. In particular in case of conduits forming part of a heating or cooling system, a thermally insulating property of the filling can contribute to insulation of the conduits and more in particular the pipes of the heating system, such as a central heating system. In prior embodiments, where such pipes of heating systems were arranged within massive slabs of concrete, thermal insulation was absent and conseguently a considerable improvement over such prior embodiments is achieved. Further, the electrical conductor(s) can be mains conductors, and/or be suitable for communications and/or data transmissions. In particular in case of mains conductors, the filling may preferably exhibit fire extinguishing or fire slowing properties, to enhance safety.

In an embodiment exhibiting alternative or additional features or aspects in relation to the above described properties, the building can further be such, that the ribs are integrally formed with the panel, for example by casting concrete in a mould in a single or more than one concrete casting step. Thereby, the structural strength of the resulting separations in conjunction with the panel is increased as a conseguence of the resulting interconnection between the panel and the ribs.

In an embodiment exhibiting alternative or additional features or aspects in relation to the above described properties, the building can further be such, that a finishing is arranged on the cover, such as a wood floor, tiles, and/or the like. Even in the above described embodiment with a loose cover, a finishing can be furnished to provide a user or habitant with more comfortable surroundings .

As indicated above, in another aspect, the present invention relates to a separation on its own, for use in a building exhibiting at least some of the above described features and/or properties of the entire building, in as far as attributable to the separation.

As indicated above, in another aspect, the present invention relates to a method of constructing a building, comprising mounting a plate-like panel on or in upright walls of the building, arranging essentially upright reinforcing ribs on the panel to define spaces on the panel and between the ribs, accommodating a filling in the spaces, and arranging a cover on the ribs opposite the panel.

In a specific embodiment, the filling may be accommodated in the spaces prior to mounting the panel on or in the walls. In an additional or alternative embodiment, the ribs may be pre-assembled with the panel, prior to mounting the panel on or in the walls.

In an embodiment exhibiting alternative or additional features or aspects in relation to the above described properties, the method may exhibit the feature or property that the ribs are arranged on the panel in an integral manner, for example by casting concrete in a mould in a single or more than one concrete casting step.

In an embodiment exhibiting alternative or additional features or aspects in relation to the above described properties, the method may exhibit the feature or property of involving a separate mould piece for one rib at a time, arranging the mould piece on the panel, which is preformed, and casting concrete in the mould piece to arrange the rib on the panel. In such an embodiment additionally the mould piece can be a sacrificial mould piece, and the method may comprise leaving the mould piece on the rib after casting the rib on the panel.

After the above indications regarding aspects and embodiments of the present invention in generic terms, referring to the appended claims, below a specific embodiment will be described in conjunction with and referring to the appended drawings, which exhibit exemplary embodiments, to which scope of protection is by no means to be limited. In the drawings:

Figure 1 exhibits a building in an embodiment;

Figure 2 exhibits a partially broken away perspective view of a separation forming simultaneously a ceiling and a floor between stories in the building, for instance of figure 1;

Figures 3-5 exhibit steps in a method of construction of a building and more in particular for integrally forming ribs with and/or on a panel of a separation; and

Figures 6 and 7 exhibit a perspective view and a cross sectional view of a mould for constructing a prefabricated separation, at least partially, to comprise at least ribs and a panel.

In figure 1, a building 1 is shown. Building 1 comprises three blocks 2, 3 and 4, each having a number of stories or floors, which are evident from the outside of building 1 from levels of windows in outer walls of each of the blocks 2, 3 and 4. Stories or floors within the building 1 are separated by a separation 6, which is schematically represented in figure 2, which exhibits a perspective view of a partially broken away embodiment of a separation 6. The separation 6 comprises a panel 7 from cast concrete, ribs 8 on a top surface of the panel 7 and also manufactured from cast concrete, a filling 9 of thermally insulating material and/or a material having sound insulating properties, arranged in spaces defined by the ribs 8 and the panel 7, and a cover plate 10 extending over the spaces, that are filled with the filling 9. The few according to figure 2 is partly broken away in the sense that a portion of the filling 9 is omitted, and likewise a portion of the cover plate 10 is also omitted, to clearly show the interior of the separation 6. In use, and/or after construction, spaces defined by panel 7 and ribs 8 are to be entirely filled by filling 9, and closed off in an upper direction by cover plate 10. Consequently, the filling 9 and the cover plate 10 will extend all the way to an adjoining upright side wall of the building in the direction of arrow A in figure 2.

Figure 2 further shows that the spaces above panel 7 and between ribs 8 also accommodate conduits and/or conductors 11 in addition to the filling 9. Only a single example of such a conduit and/or conductor 11 is exhibited in figure 2. The ribs 8 comprise openings 12 to allow passage there through of conduits and/or conductors 11. The conduits are consequently embedded within the filling 9.

The cover plate 10 can comprise or carry a wooden floor 13 or the like, or the cover plate can be made of concrete to be covered by a wooden floor or tiles or the like.

Figures 3, 4 and 5 show the succession of steps for arranging ribs 8 on a panel 7. First, a mould piece 14 is deposited onto a top surface of a slab of concrete, forming panel 7. For this, hook 15 can be employed to engage a bracket 16 or the like. Steel reinforcements 25 may be embedded in the concrete of panel 7, where the mould piece 14 or a casing is lowered over protruding portions of the reinforcements 25.

The mould piece comprises seclusions 17 for forming the openings 12 in resulting ribs 8. After the mould piece 14 or casing is deposited onto the top surface of the panel 7 (which may be in the process of hardening, so that flanges 24 can be employed to keep the moulding piece 14 on a top surface of the still wet concrete panel 7), and preferably secured, wet concrete can be cast into the mould piece 14 or casing from above in the direction of arrow B, through holes 18 or the like, as shown in figure 4.

Seclusions 17 secure that the concrete does not spread also in locations, where openings 12 are intended to be formed. After setting of the concrete in the interior of the mould piece 14, the mould these can be left in place or broken to be removed in the direction of arrow C in figure 5. The seclusions 17 will prevent removal of the mould piece 14 or casing integrally.

Similarly, figures 6 and 7 exhibit a mould 19 with sidewalls 24 for forming their between a panel like the panel 7 in the preceding figures and above description. Further, the mould 19 comprises troughs 21 for the formation of ribs 8 when concrete is poured into the mould 19.

Openings 12 are to be formed in the ribs 8 at the location of bridges 22 overlying the troughs 21. When the concrete is cast into the mould 21, it will spread also underneath the bridges 22 over the troughs 21. Consequently, those bridges 22 will need to be broken out of the mould in order to be able to remove a finished panel 7 with integrated ribs 8 from the mould 19. It is noted, that reference numbers for the troughs 21 and the ribs 8 are used in conjunction, at the same spaces indicated with the only difference being the moment of casting the wet concrete and the time needed for the concrete to set.

Based on the foregoing description of specific embodiments and having taken note of the disclosure also in the accompanying drawings, many additional and alternative embodiments will be immediately apparent to a person skilled in the relevant art, which is mentioned here to emphasise that such additional and/or alternative embodiments, features, elements and components, as well as method steps, are all considered as lying within the scope of protection as defined in the appended claims here with, unless such additional and/or alternative embodiments conflict with or substantially deviate from the terms and requirements defined in the appended claims, for instance in relation to equivalents or alternatives for specifically shown and described or even claimed features. For instance, a building can contain less or more floors, and less or more building blocks then in figure 1. The assembly of features from figure 2 can be adapted to exhibit wider ribs, thicker panels, and/or additional ribs running perpendicular or under an angle relative to the shown and described ribs, which appear to be parallel to one another in the depiction of figure 2. More conductors or conduits than the single one of figure 2 can be provided and a branch 23 is shown in figure 2 in order to exhibit that conductors and/or conduits can be embedded within the filling 9 of the separations 6.

In figures 3, 4 and 5 a single mould piece is exhibited, to be broken or even destroyed after casting ribs 8. Such mould pieces in an alternative embodiment could be realised in a for instance two or three part form, to allow disassembling and controlled removal, as well as renewed use thereof. Seclusions 17 and bridges 22 can be embodied as inserts of for example a foam material, like poly-urethane, or another material, like polystyrene, which inserts can remains after removal of the mould 14 or casing or mould 19 from panel 7. Such inserts can be removed easily, if desired, from ribs of the resulting integral panel by cutting or otherwise. The embodiment of figures 6, 7 is less preferred but by no means excluded from the invention, as produced panels need to be turned over. Keeping the size of these per-fabricated separations / panels in mind, turning over is normally to be avoided, but not excluded. In this sense the embodiment of figures 3-5 may be preferred, though. Flanges 24 are described above, which allow the mould 14 or casing to rest on concrete for the panel 7 during hardening thereof. Additionally or alternatively, lost casing pieces may extend from the lower edges of the mould 14 or casing, to be pressed into the concrete for panel 7. After hardening of the panel 7 and the ribs 8, the mould 14 or casing can be lifted from the panel to leave such extensions behind in the panel 7 (which is why one may refer to such parts of the mould 14 or casing as lost casing pieces). It is evident from the above indications of additions and alternatives that more and other additions and/or alternatives are possible and will force themselves on the skilled person after having taken note of the foregoing description, and which are all to be considered as included within the scope of protection according to the appended claims.

Claims

A building comprising standing walls, a roof and at least one separation between the levels in the building, which defines a floor from a perspective from above the separation and defines a slab full from a perspective from below the separation, the separation comprising : - a plate-shaped panel with reinforcing ribs; - a cover opposite the panel at a distance from the panel to define at least one space between them; and a filling in the at least one space defined between the panel and the cover.

The building of claim 1, wherein the filling comprises a sound insulating material.

The building of claim 1, wherein the filling comprises a thermally insulating material.

The building of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the filling comprises at least one material selected from a group, which group comprises: sand, rock wool, fiberglass, straw, loam, coconut, flax, manure, dirt, mud hair, pubic wool, and or the like, with optionally a binder, comprising at least one material selected from a group, which group comprises: cement; polyethylene; line; solid agent; starch, and the like.

The building of any preceding claim, further comprising at least one conduit and / or electrical conductor, wherein at least one of the ribs comprises an opening for passage therethrough of the conduit and / or the electrical conductor.

The building of claim five, wherein the conduit and / or the electrical conductor is embedded in the filling.

The building of any preceding claim, wherein the array is integrally formed with the panel, for example, by pouring cement into a mold in a single step or more than one step of pouring the cement.

The building according to any preceding claim homage wherein a finish is applied on top of the covering, such as a wooden floor, tiles, and / or the like.

A partition for use in a building, comprising standing walls, a roof and at least one partition between the levels in the building, which defines a floor from a perspective from above the partition and defines a slab full from a perspective from below the partition , wherein the separation comprises: - a plate-shaped panel with reinforcing ribs; - a cover opposite the panel at a distance from the panel to define at least one space between them; and a filling in the at least one space defined between the panel and the cover.

A method of constructing a building, comprising mounting a plate-shaped panel on or in upright walls of the building, applying reinforcement located in or on the panel, defined of at least one space on the panel, and accommodating a filling in the space, and applying a cover to the ribs opposite the panel.

The method of claim 10, wherein the filling is accommodated in the space prior to mounting the panel on or in the walls.

The method of claim 10 or 11, wherein the ribs are fabricated in advance with the panel prior to mounting the panel on or in the walls.

The method of claim 12, wherein the knight is mounted on the panel in an integrated manner, for example, by pouring cement into a mold in a single step or more than one step of pouring cement.

The method of claim 13, comprising two or more steps of pouring cement, with a separate mold part for one rib at a time, placing the mold part on the panel that has been formed in advance, and pouring cement into the mold part to form the rib on the panel.

The method of claim 14, wherein the mold part comprises a sacrificial shuttering piece, and leaving the sacrificial shuttering piece in the panel or on the rib after forming the rib on the panel.