NL2008728C2 - System and method for recovering salts from a liquid flow. - Google Patents
System and method for recovering salts from a liquid flow. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NL2008728C2 NL2008728C2 NL2008728A NL2008728A NL2008728C2 NL 2008728 C2 NL2008728 C2 NL 2008728C2 NL 2008728 A NL2008728 A NL 2008728A NL 2008728 A NL2008728 A NL 2008728A NL 2008728 C2 NL2008728 C2 NL 2008728C2
- Authority
- NL
- Netherlands
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- salt
- circuit
- outlet
- salts
- Prior art date
Links
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 113
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 99
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 12
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical class C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 salts form salt Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/22—Evaporating by bringing a thin layer of the liquid into contact with a heated surface
- B01D1/24—Evaporating by bringing a thin layer of the liquid into contact with a heated surface to obtain dry solids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/26—Multiple-effect evaporating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/26—Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force or centripetal force
- B01D21/267—Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force or centripetal force by using a cyclone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/048—Purification of waste water by evaporation
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
Description
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR RECOVERING SALTS FROM A LIQUID FLOW
The present invention relates to a system for recovery of salts from a liquid flow, such as a waste water 5 flow.
Known conventional methods involve evaporating aqueous solutions. Some of these conventional methods use mechanical vapour recompression. Mechanical vapour recompression involves feeding a liquid feed stream to an 10 evaporator that compresses the vapour that is formed in the evaporator resulting in an increased temperature. A heat exchanger is applied to transfer the heat of the vapour to the liquid feed stream to enable a reduction of the system heat that is required. Mechanical vapour recompression is 15 used for the concentration of waste water streams from a feed stream of liquid comprising ammonia and an acid, for example .
The present invention has for its object to improve the conventional systems for recovery of salts from 20 a liquid flow.
This object is achieved with the system for recovering salts from a liquid flow according to the present invention, the system comprising: - a recirculation circuit comprising: 25 - a liquid feed inlet; - an evaporator with an inlet, a vapour outlet and a liquid outlet; - a pump for recirculation of the liquid; - a discharge for discharging an amount of liquid 30 from the recirculation circuit; and - control means for controlling the salt concentration in the liquid in the recirculation circuit; 2 - a salt recovery circuit, comprising: - an inlet that is connected to the discharge of the recirculation circuit; and - a separator for separating the salts 5 from the liquid with an inlet, a salt outlet and a liquid outlet.
The system according to the invention comprises a recirculation circuit and a salt recovery circuit. In the recirculation circuit the liquid feed stream is recirculated 10 by a pump over an evaporator, or a series of evaporators, preferably a cyclone evaporator. A cyclone evaporator is a cylindrical or conically shaped evaporator wherein the liquid flow comprising a mixture of salts and other components is introduced. In the evaporator the mixture is 15 separated.
The recirculation circuit performs a mechanical vapour recompression process. According to the invention the vapour produced by the evaporator is removed from the system. Salts remain in the recirculation circuit such that 20 the salt concentration increases due to the evaporation. Control means control the thickening/concentrating of the brine with at least the salt concentration of the liquid in the recirculation circuit. These control means may regulate or control the inlet of liquid flow into the recirculation 25 circuit and/or the evaporation conditions. In addition, the control means control the amount of discharged liquids from the recirculation circuit. In addition, the control means may control the evaporator conditions determining the separation of the gas phase from the liquid/brine in the 30 recirculation circuit.
According to the invention, liquid is discharged from the recirculation circuit using the discharge. Preferably, the discharged liquid is saturated with salts 3 and may already comprise a small amount of salt crystals.
The liquid that is discharged is provided to the salt recovery circuit with an inlet that is connected to the discharge of the recirculation circuit. The salt recovery 5 circuit comprises a separator for separating the salts from the liquid, preferably a hydrocyclone separator. In a presently preferred embodiment the separator is a so-called hydrocyclone, or series of hydrocyclones. It was shown that a hydrocyclone separator, especially in combination with a 10 cyclone evaporator provide optimal results as compared to other alternative equipment. The discharged liquid from the recirculation circuit is brought under conditions such that the salts form salt crystals using a heat exchanger, for example. These salt crystals are removed from the salt 15 recovery circuit and separated from the liquid.
Preferably, the liquid flow is an aqueous liquid stream such as a waste water flow or an industrial process flow.
According to the invention, the brine/liquid with 20 an increased concentration of salts originating from the recirculation circuit is treated in the recovery circuit. This results in an effective and energy efficient recovery of salts from a liquid flow.
Preferably, the salt recovery circuit comprises a 25 heat exchanger. In this heat exchanger the brine discharged from the recirculation circuit is cooled such that salt crystals are formed. Providing one or more heat exchangers improves the energy efficiency of the system. More than one heat exchanger may be provided. For example, the vapour from 30 the evaporator in the recirculation circuit is fed to a heat exchanger to transfer heat from the vapour to the recirculated liquid and/or the incoming liquid.
4
In an advantageous preferred embodiment according to the present invention control means comprise a salt concentration controller that controls the salt concentration in the liquid that is discharged from the 5 recirculation circuit to the salt recovery circuit.
The salt concentration controller uses information on the salt concentration of the incoming liquid feed stream and the actual concentration of the liquid or brine in the recirculation circuit, and the amount of condensate that is 10 removed from the recirculating liquid. By manipulating the incoming and outgoing flows the salt concentration in the brine of the recirculation circuit can be kept within a specific range. This enables discharging the liquid from the recirculation circuit with a specific salt concentration 15 such that the salt recovery circuit can be operated optimally thereby improving the overall system performance, preferably minimising energy consumption.
In an advantageous preferred embodiment according to the present invention the system further comprises a salt 20 controller to set the conditions such that a specific salt crystallizes .
The salt controller according to the invention provides the optimal conditions for the system that enables a specific salt to crystallize. For example, conditions in 25 the system, and especially in the part before the brine enters the hydrocyclone, are set such that sodium sulphate crystallizes. Other salts are maintained in the liquid that can be recirculated over the system to be crystallized in a next step. So, as an example, after sodium sulphate is 30 crystallized conditions are changed by the salt controller such that sodium chloride crystallizes, for example. This enables recovery of specific salts from a liquid flow with a relatively high purity.
5
To recover specific salts also combinations of a recirculation circuit and a salt recovery circuit can be provided in series. The conditions in the first recirculation circuit are set such that one specific salts 5 is saturated and about to crystallize. The discharged brine is fed to the first recovery circuit, cooled such that a crystallization of mainly this specific salt is performed, and next separated from the liquid in a separator. The liquid output of the salt recovery output is fed to the 10 input of the next combination and specifically to the input of the next recirculation circuit.
Alternatively, instead of providing a series of combinations of recirculation circuit and recovery circuit or reconfiguring the salt controller setting different 15 conditions for the system such that another specific salt crystallizes, the liquid from the outlet of the hydrocyclone in the salt recovery circuit can be fed to another salt recovery circuit, incorporating a hydrocyclone, that operates at different conditions for another specific salt.
20 This can be repeated for other salts depending on the salt content of the original liquid flow.
Optionally, the liquid flow from the outlet of the cyclone or series of cyclones in the recovery circuit is fed back to the inlet of the recirculation circuit using 25 connecting means to improve the overall recovery of salts.
The invention also relates to a method for recovering salts from a liquid flow comprising the steps of: - providing a liquid feed flow to a system as described above; 30 - concentrating the salts in the liquid flow in the recirculation circuit; - discharging an amount of the concentrated liquid flow to the salt recovery circuit; and 6 - crystallizing the salt.
The method provides the same effects and advantages as described for the system.
As described above for the system the method 5 according to the invention preferably controls the salt concentration in the recirculation circuit by manipulating the incoming feed flow, the evaporation process and/or the amount of discharge to the salt recovery circuit.
In a further advantageous preferred embodiment 10 according to the present invention crystallizing the salt in the system is performed step-wise to achieve a high purity of the specific salt.
By step-wise crystallizing a specific salt the purity is significantly increased. This step-wise treatment 15 of the liquid with concentrated salts originating from the recirculation circuit can be performed batch-wise in the salt recovery circuit. Alternatively or in addition thereto the crystallization can be performed more continuously by providing a number of recovery circuits and/or recirculation 20 circuits in series operating at different conditions to provide for the crystallization of a specific salt.
The liquid flow preferably is a waste water flow in a water treatment plant. Other industrial flows are also possible .
25 Further advantages, features and details of the invention are elucidated on the basis of preferred embodiments thereof, wherein reference is made to the accompanying drawings in which: - figure 1 shows a system according to the 30 invention; and - figure 2 shows a process scheme using the system of figure 1.
A system 2 (figure 1) comprises a recirculation 7 circuit 4 and a salt recovery circuit 6 as sub-processes. Sub-process 4 is closely related to a so-called mechanical vapour recompression process. The recirculation circuit 4 comprises a liquid feed inlet 8 by which a liquid flow 5 enters tank 10 that acts as a buffer for the process. Tank 10 is provided with outlet 12 that is connected to centrifugal pump 14 that pumps the liquid to the evaporator cyclone 16. In the illustrated embodiment evaporator cyclone 16 comprises five sub-cyclones over which 8 m3/hr per cyclone 10 is pumped introducing the liquid via a nozzle. Optionally, the incoming liquid flow is led to heat exchanger 18 in heat exchanging circuit 20.
From cyclone 16 the liquid phase is recirculated to pump 14 through cyclone outlet 22. This liquid phase or 15 brine is recirculated in recirculating sub-circuit 24. The vapour phase from cyclone 16 is directed towards heat exchanger 30 via outlet 26 and pump 28 that in use realizes an under pressure in cyclone 16. In heat exchanger 30 heat is transferred from the vapour to the liquid flow in sub-20 circuit 24. In the illustrated embodiment in a next step the vapour flow is directed towards heat exchanger 18 for transferring heat to the incoming flow in circuit 20. The condensate is pumped by pump 32 to outlet 34 and removed from the system 2. This condensate can be treated and used 25 as drinking water, for example.
Discharge 36 directs the effluent or brine to the inlet of sub-process 6. In the illustrated embodiment this effluent is fed through heat exchanger 38 to enable crystallization of salts in the brine/liquid and led into 30 tank 40. From tank 40 the liquid is fed through outlet 42 and pumped by pump 44 to hydrocyclone 46. In cyclone 46 salts separate from the liquid. The salt outlet 48 directs the crystallized and separated salts to solid tank 50. In 8 the illustrated embodiment the remaining flow is fed back to tank 40 by outlet 52. Also, in the illustrated embodiment the liquid can be circulated by outlet 42, pump 44 and return pipe 54. Optionally, liquid from tank 40 can be 5 stored in storage tank 56.
In the illustrated embodiment storage tank 56 is provided with a first outlet 58 and a second outlet 62.
First outlet 58 outputs the content of buffer tank 56 to outlet 62 and/or returns the liquid towards inlet 8 of sub-10 proces 4 by output 64. Outlet 60 is connected to pump 66 and directs the liquid to an additional tank 68 that provides a cooling circuit 70 with pump 72 that absorbs heat from the incoming effluent in heat exchanger 38.
It will be understood that different 15 configurations will also be possible according to the invention.
In the illustrated embodiment the recirculated flow in sub-circuit 24 amounts about 40 m3/hr for the five cyclone system and the liquid flow through discharge 36 20 amounts to about 50 1/hr. The temperature of the liquid between heat exchanger 38 and tank 40 amounts to about 40°C. The circulation rate over cyclone 46 is about 1 m3/hr. Other configurations can also be provided.
Process 74 (figure 2) provides in a first step a 25 liquid flow 76 to sub-proces 4. Condensate 78 from subproces 4 can be used for other processes, for example for the production of drinking water. A discharged concentrated brine flow 80 is fed into sub-process 6. Liquid 82 from subprocess 6 can be used for other purposes, treated as waste, 30 or returned to the process for further treatment in either sub-process 4 and/or sub-process 6. A number of different specific salts 84, 86, 88 results from sub-process 6 that can be separated together or separately in series. In the 9 illustrated embodiment control system 90 comprises a process controller 92 directing sub-controller 94 performing the concentration control of the salt concentration in the liquid in sub-circuit 24 in sub-process 4. Sub-controller 96 5 sets the conditions for cyclone 46 and/or series of cyclones 46 to enable crystallizing and separating specific salts 84, 86, 88 in sub-process 6.
It will be understood that other embodiments according to the invention of system 2 and process 74 are 10 possible. For example, additional tanks can be provided or illustrated tanks can be omitted from system 2. In the illustrated embodiment sub-process 6 comprises one cyclone 46. As mentioned before, additional cyclones and recovery circuits and/or recirculation circuits can be provided such 15 that a series of cyclones enable crystallizing separate specific salts 84, 86, 88. Also, control system 90 can be provided with additional sub-controllers or all subcontrollers can be provided in one controller.
The present invention is by no means limited to 20 the above described preferred embodiments thereof. The rights sought are defined by the following claims within the scope of which many modifications can be envisaged.
10
Clauses 1. System for recovering salts from a liquid flow, comprising: 5 - a recirculation circuit comprising: - a liquid feed inlet; - an evaporator with an inlet, a vapour outlet and a liquid outlet; - a pump for recirculation of the liquid; 10 - a discharge for discharging an amount of liquid from the recirculation circuit; and - control means for controlling the salt concentration in the liquid in the recirculation circuit; 15 - a salt recovery circuit, comprising: - an inlet that is connected to the discharge of the recirculation circuit; and - a separator for separating the salts from the liquid with an inlet, a salt outlet and 20 a liquid outlet.
2. System according to clause 1, wherein the evaporator is a cyclone evaporator.
25 3. System according to clause 1 or 2, wherein the separator is a hydrocyclone separator. 1 2 3 4
System according to clause 1, 2 or 3, wherein the salt recovering circuit comprises a heat exchanger.
30 2
System according to any of the foregoing 3 clauses, wherein the control means comprise a salt 4 concentration controller that controls the salt 11 concentration in the liquid that is discharged from the recirculation circuit to the salt recovery circuit.
6. System according to any of the foregoing 5 clauses, wherein the system comprises a salt controller to set the conditions such that specific salt crystallizes.
7. System according to clause 6, wherein the recovery circuit comprises a further cyclone wherein the 10 liquid outlet of the second cyclone is connected to the further cyclone.
8. System according to any of the foregoing clauses, wherein connecting means connect the output of the 15 salt recovery circuit to the inlet of the recirculation circuit.
9. Method for recovering salts form a liquid flow, comprising the steps of: 20 - providing a liquid flow to a system according to any of the foregoing clauses; - concentrating the salts in the liquid flow in the recirculation circuit; - discharging an amount of the concentrated liquid 25 flow to the salt recovering circuit; and - crystallizing the salt. 1
Method according to clause 9, wherein crystallizing the salt in the recirculation circuit and/or 30 salt recovering circuit is performed step-wise to achieve a high purity of a specific salt.
12 11. Method according to clause 9 or 10, wherein the liquid flow is a waste water flow.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2008728A NL2008728C2 (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2012-04-27 | System and method for recovering salts from a liquid flow. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2008728A NL2008728C2 (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2012-04-27 | System and method for recovering salts from a liquid flow. |
| NL2008728 | 2012-04-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NL2008728C2 true NL2008728C2 (en) | 2013-10-29 |
Family
ID=46604484
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2008728A NL2008728C2 (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2012-04-27 | System and method for recovering salts from a liquid flow. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| NL (1) | NL2008728C2 (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4160812A (en) * | 1977-09-20 | 1979-07-10 | Texasgulf Inc. | Multi-stage crystallization of sodium carbonate |
| US4276115A (en) * | 1979-11-21 | 1981-06-30 | Hanover Research Corporation | Process and apparatus for dehydrating waste solids concentrates |
| DE3029541A1 (en) * | 1980-08-04 | 1982-02-18 | Helmut 4690 Herne Apfelbaum | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PURIFYING WASTE WATER |
| DE3835965A1 (en) * | 1987-10-23 | 1989-05-03 | Zabrzanskie Gwarectwo Weglowe | METHOD FOR THE DESALINATION OF SALTY WATER, IN PARTICULAR OF PIT WATER |
| US5156706A (en) * | 1982-09-07 | 1992-10-20 | Sephton Hugo H | Evaporation of liquids with dispersant added |
| US20020088703A1 (en) * | 2001-01-11 | 2002-07-11 | Walker Thomas Jeffrey | Method and evaporator system for treating wastewater effluents |
| US6551466B1 (en) * | 1998-01-14 | 2003-04-22 | Aqua Pure Ventures Inc. | Multiple effect distillation process with reduced fouling |
-
2012
- 2012-04-27 NL NL2008728A patent/NL2008728C2/en active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4160812A (en) * | 1977-09-20 | 1979-07-10 | Texasgulf Inc. | Multi-stage crystallization of sodium carbonate |
| US4276115A (en) * | 1979-11-21 | 1981-06-30 | Hanover Research Corporation | Process and apparatus for dehydrating waste solids concentrates |
| DE3029541A1 (en) * | 1980-08-04 | 1982-02-18 | Helmut 4690 Herne Apfelbaum | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PURIFYING WASTE WATER |
| US5156706A (en) * | 1982-09-07 | 1992-10-20 | Sephton Hugo H | Evaporation of liquids with dispersant added |
| DE3835965A1 (en) * | 1987-10-23 | 1989-05-03 | Zabrzanskie Gwarectwo Weglowe | METHOD FOR THE DESALINATION OF SALTY WATER, IN PARTICULAR OF PIT WATER |
| US6551466B1 (en) * | 1998-01-14 | 2003-04-22 | Aqua Pure Ventures Inc. | Multiple effect distillation process with reduced fouling |
| US20020088703A1 (en) * | 2001-01-11 | 2002-07-11 | Walker Thomas Jeffrey | Method and evaporator system for treating wastewater effluents |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PD | Change of ownership |
Owner name: CONVEX B.V.; NL Free format text: DETAILS ASSIGNMENT: CHANGE OF OWNER(S), ASSIGNMENT; FORMER OWNER NAME: DUTCH WATER TECHNOLOGIES B.V. Effective date: 20240927 |