NL2007855C2 - Method of removing ammonia from liquids in which ammonia is dissolved, and a device for performing such a method. - Google Patents
Method of removing ammonia from liquids in which ammonia is dissolved, and a device for performing such a method. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NL2007855C2 NL2007855C2 NL2007855A NL2007855A NL2007855C2 NL 2007855 C2 NL2007855 C2 NL 2007855C2 NL 2007855 A NL2007855 A NL 2007855A NL 2007855 A NL2007855 A NL 2007855A NL 2007855 C2 NL2007855 C2 NL 2007855C2
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- NL
- Netherlands
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- liquid
- pipe
- ammonia
- container
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/20—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
- B01D19/0005—Degasification of liquids with one or more auxiliary substances
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D2257/406—Ammonia
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/58—Ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
- Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)
Description
Method of removing ammonia from liquids in which ammonia is dissolved, and a device for performing such a method.
The present invention relates to a method of removing 5 ammonia from a liquid in which ammonia is dissolved, in particular from biodigester streams or wastewater in which ammonia is dissolved. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device suitable for performing such a method.
In the processing of ammonia containing liquids, for 10 instance streams from biodigester tanks, the presence of dissolved ammonia is a constant issue. Ammonia poses a threat to the environment, especially when dissolved into natural sources of water. Especially during biodigestion of rest streams, ammonia is formed in considerable amounts and 15 accumulates in the process stream. Removal of ammonia is then often necessary for various reasons, e.g.: - detoxification of the biodigester stream in order to improve the conditions for the biodigestion process; - concentration of ammonia in a separated stream, which 20 can be further used, for instance as a fertilizer; - improvement of the quality of the water that is separated and discharged from the biodigester process stream.
25 In the art, several methods have been proposed to remove dissolved ammonia from wastewater, in order to reduce the environmental impact described above. In particular, methods have been proposed to strip ammonia from wastewater, and subsequently wash the ammonia by reacting with an acid to 30 form a (dissolved) salt. For instance, JP-2010/240561 describes a process wherein wastewater is treated in a stripping column through which wastewater is passed counter-current to a stream of air. In the stripping column, the air 2 absorbs ammonia, which air is subsequently led to a washing column in which a sulphate solution is passed counter-current to the stream of air containing ammonia. The ammonia reacts with the sulphate solution, forming an ammonium-5 sulphate salt which is recovered as such. The obtained salt can be disposed of separately, or used for other purposes. General disadvantages of the proposed methods are: - A relatively complicated design of the stripping column; 10 - Basic agents, such as alkali salts, are needed to raise the pH of the wastewater; - A considerable heating of the wastewater is required; - Continuous processing is not always possible.
15 The objective of the present invention is to reduce or even eliminate one or more of the above indicated disadvantages which relate to the prior art.
This objective is achieved by a first aspect of the invention which relates to a method of removing ammonia from 20 a liquid in which ammonia is dissolved, in particular from biodigester streams or wastewater in which ammonia is dissolved, comprising the steps of: - leading an amount of the liquid in which ammonia is dissolved into a stripping vessel which comprises a lower 25 section being a container for the liquid and an upper section being a pipe for containing gases evaporated from the liquid; - injecting gas, preferably air, into the amount of the liquid in the container, so that the injected gas is 30 dispersed in the liquid phase; - moderately heating the liquid phase, so that a temperature of 40 - 80°C, preferably 55 - 65°C, is maintained; 3 - withdrawing gas from the pipe, said withdrawn gas comprising ammonia in gaseous state.
It has been found that the injection of gas into the 5 liquid in the container results in a reduction of the concentration of C02 dissolved in the liquid. Consequently, the pH of the liquid rises. At raised pH levels, the equilibrium between dissolved ammonium, also noted as NH4+(aq), and dissolved ammonia, also noted as NH3(aq), 10 shifts in favour of NH3(aq).
For clarity, it is remarked that where 'gas' is mentioned in the description, it refers implicitly to air as a preferred embodiment of the invention.
15 As NH3(aq) is the compound that can be removed by evaporation into its gaseous form NH3(g), the removal of ammonia is promoted as a consequence of the injection of gas into the liquid.
In summary, the above effect results in the method for 20 removal of ammonia requiring: - less energy, i.e. only a moderate heating is required; - less, or no addition of basic agents; - a vessel equipped with gas injection means, instead of a more complicated packed bed column for gas/air 25 exchange.
Preferably, the method of the invention further comprises the step of: - leading the liquid from the container via a separate 30 circulation conduit towards the pipe, and introducing the liquid into the pipe.
Via the separate circulation conduit, a circulation stream of the liquid is achieved, having the advantage of an 4 enhanced surface area between the liquid fraction and the air fraction both in the pipe and the container section. Furthermore, the liquid fraction passes counter current to the air inside the pipe, which further contributes to an 5 enhanced exchange between the liquid fraction and the air fraction. For optimal results, the conduit is preferably connected to the higher or top part of the pipe.
With further preference, the method of the invention 10 further comprises the step of: - providing the pipe with guiding plates for guiding the stream of liquid through the pipe in downward direction.
The guiding plates further enhance the above described effects of an enhanced surface area, and further allow for a 15 longer contact time between the liquid fraction and the air fraction in the pipe. In addition, the plates effectively reduce the formation of both foam and precipitates, which is advantageously because the presence of either foam or precipitates is able to disturb an optimal exchange between 20 the liquid fraction and the air fraction.
Preferably, the method according to the invention further comprises the step of: - leading the withdrawn gas into a condensation vessel 25 in which water that is present in the withdrawn gas is condensed, so that the withdrawn gas is reduced in water content.
As such, the withdrawn gas obtained after condensing the water content, is effectively raised in regard of the 30 ammonia content, which makes it more suitable for further processing.
5
Another preferred method of the invention further comprises the step of: - washing the withdrawn gas over a packed bed column through which a stream of the withdrawn gas is led in one 5 direction, and a stream of an acid fluid is led in counter current direction, so that an ammonium salt is formed in the stream of acid fluid.
As such, ammonia is removed from the withdrawn gas in a salt form that is suitable to be disposed of easily, or that 10 can be used for further purposes, e.g. as a reagent or as a fertilizer. Furthermore, the amount of ammonia recovered from the withdrawn gas in this way, can be more than 90%.
Advantageously the acid fluid is either sulphuric, phosphoric, or nitric acid, or a combination thereof. The 15 corresponding ammonium salts that are formed are useful as a reagent, or as a fertilizer.
With further preference, the method of the invention comprises the step of: 20 - leading the washed gas through a heat exchanger in which heat is transferred from the washed gas to an incoming stream of gas, preferably air, which heated gas is subsequently injected into the amount of the liquid in the container section of the stripping vessel.
25 In this way, an economically viable system is obtained wherein a contribution is made to the required moderate heating of the liquid in the container section, by preheating the gas to be injected into the liquid.
In addition to the above step of heat exchange, one 30 part of the washed gas is mixed with the pre-heated fresh gas, and is thus recycled into the container section. The remaining part of washed gas is emitted to the ambient air.
6
As a further alternative to the above, it is also envisaged by the method of the invention to recycle the complete amount of washed gas that is discharged from the washing section, into the container section.
5
In the method according to the invention, the step of leading the liquid into the stripping vessel is performed in a continuous mode or in a batch mode.
10 In the method according to the invention, the step of injecting gas into the amount of liquid is performed continuously.
The gas is injected by a flow rate that is either kept constant or is varied, dependent on the progress of the 15 stripping action inside the stripping vessel.
In the method according to the invention, the step of withdrawing the gas from the pipe is performed continuously.
20 In a second aspect, the invention relates to a device for performing the method according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the device comprises: - a stripping vessel comprising a lower section being a container for a liquid and an upper section being a pipe for 25 containing gases evaporated from the liquid; - gas injection means provided in the container for injecting gas, preferably air, into the container; - a first stripping vessel entry for allowing liquid into the vessel, and a first stripping vessel outlet for 30 allowing the withdrawal of gas from the pipe; - a separate circulation conduit which is connected to the container section at one end, and to the pipe section at another end.
7
The device according to the invention achieves when it is operated for removal of ammonia from a liquid, the similar advantages as described above in relation to the respective features.
5
Analogously to the above description of the first aspect of the invention, the device according to invention, preferably comprises a pipe section of the stripping vessel which further comprises: 10 - guiding plates for guiding a stream of liquid through the pipe in downward direction.
Preferably, in the device according to the invention, the container section of the stripping vessel further 15 comprises: - heating means for controlling the temperature of a liquid present in the container.
As such, a means is provided for moderately heating the liquid according to the first aspect of the invention.
20
With further preference, in the device according to the invention, the gas injection means are provided at the bottom of the container as a plurality of gas outlets which are distributed over the major part of the bottom area.
25 Accordingly, the gas injection results in an optimal dispersion of gas over the whole of the liquid. Furthermore, an optimal amount of dispersed gas per volume of the liquid is obtainable.
For instance, the gas injection means consists of a 30 grid of interconnected gas conduits, which grid is at one side connected to a source of gas. The grid is fixed in the container, and positioned proximal to the bottom of the container. The gas conduits are provided with a plurality of 8 nozzles each equipped with a (flexible) tube from which the gas is expelled into the container. As such, the gas injection means prevent the effect of scaling and plugging at the gas outlets.
5
Advantageously, the device according to the invention comprises in addition: - a condensation vessel having a gas entry and a gas outlet; 10 - a conduit which is connected to the first vessel outlet at one end, and to gas entry of the condensation vessel at another end.
The combination with a condensation vessel allows for the withdrawal of a gaseous stream containing ammonia, which is 15 in addition low in water content.
Furthermore the device according to the invention, preferably comprises in addition: - a packed bed column provided with a gas inlet at one 20 end, a fluid acid inlet at an opposite end, and a gas outlet at the opposite end; - a gas conduit which is connected to the first vessel outlet, or to the condensation vessel, at one end, and to the gas inlet of the packed bed column at 25 another end; - a fluid acid conduit which is connected to a source of fluid acid at one end, and to the fluid acid inlet of the packed bed column at another end.
30 The combination with a packed bed column allows for the removal of ammonia from the withdrawn gaseous stream. As such, ammonia is removed in the form of a dissolved salt 9 that is suitable to be disposed of easily, or that can be used for further purposes, e.g. as a reagent.
Furthermore, the device according to the invention 5 preferably comprises in addition: - a heat exchanger through which a first gas conduit is led that is in fluid communication with the gas outlet of the packed bed column, and a second gas conduit is led that is in fluid communication with 10 the gas injection means.
As such the device allows for an economically viable processing of ammonia containing liquids, wherein heat that is produced or introduced during the processing is re-used 15 advantageously.
The invention will be further explained with reference to the appended figure 1, which shows in a schematic diagram a preferred embodiment of the device and method of the 20 invention.
Figure 1 shows a device 1 for removal of ammonia from biodigester streams or wastewater, comprising a stripping vessel 3, a condensation vessel 20, a packed bed column 30, 25 and a heat exchanger 40.
Via a conduit 2, an ammonia containing liquid from a biodigester stream or from wastewater is introduced at an entry of the stripping vessel 3. The ammonia containing 30 liquid fills the broadened container section 5, at the bottom of which a grid of gas conduits 7 is fixed. The grid 7 is provided with outlet tubes 9. Gas is introduced into the grid 7 via the conduit 10 and by virtue of blower 11.
10
The container section 5 is provided with a heating means 12 for controlling the temperature of the ammonia containing liquid (not depicted) in the container. The bottom of the container 5, is further equipped with a drain 13 for 5 removing liquid from which sufficient ammonia is removed.
The gas used in this preferred embodiment is air.
A narrowed upper pipe section 14 of the stripping vessel 3, extends above the container section 5. The pipe section 14 is provided with guiding plates 15. A separate 10 circulation conduit 17 is provided between the container section 5 and the pipe section 14, and is equipped with a pump 18, for leading the ammonia containing liquid in an upward direction from the container 5 towards the pipe 14.
The ammonia containing liquid pumped via conduit 17 15 trickles down the pipe 14, via the guiding plates 15, and eventually flows back into the ammonia containing liquid kept in the container 5. At the same time, by virtue of the gas injection means, a stream of gas in an upward direction is established.
20 At the top of the pipe 14, gas is withdrawn via conduit 22 which is connected to a gas outlet of the stripping vessel. The withdrawn gas is led into a condensation vessel 20 via a gas entry, wherein water that is contained in the gas is condensed, and disposed of (not depicted).
25 Subsequently, the gas from the condensation vessel 20, is led via conduit 25 from a gas outlet towards a gas entry of a packed bed column 30 provided with a packed bed 32. The gas is introduced at the bottom side of the packed bed 30, while at the top side of the packed bed fluid acid is 30 introduced via conduit 34, which is connected to a pump for fluid acid 36.
In the packed bed 30, ammonium salts are formed in the downward stream of fluid acid. This stream is collected at 11 the bottom of the column 30, and led via a conduit 38 and by pump 39, towards a storage 41.
At the top of the column 30, a stream of gas which is low in ammonia content is led toward a heat exchanger 40, 5 via conduit 42, which also exits the heat exchanger and from which gas is expelled into the environment. Further, a second gas conduit 44 is led through the heat exchanger, in a heat exchanging fashion with the conduit 42, by virtue of a pipe-in-pipe construction. Through the conduit 44 air from 10 the environment is sucked in and led towards the blower 11. The air sucked in from the environment through conduit 44 is pre-heated by virtue of the heat exchange with the relatively warm gas that is led through conduit 42.
Claims (16)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL2007855A NL2007855C2 (en) | 2011-11-24 | 2011-11-24 | Method of removing ammonia from liquids in which ammonia is dissolved, and a device for performing such a method. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL2007855A NL2007855C2 (en) | 2011-11-24 | 2011-11-24 | Method of removing ammonia from liquids in which ammonia is dissolved, and a device for performing such a method. |
NL2007855 | 2011-11-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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NL2007855C2 true NL2007855C2 (en) | 2013-05-27 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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NL2007855A NL2007855C2 (en) | 2011-11-24 | 2011-11-24 | Method of removing ammonia from liquids in which ammonia is dissolved, and a device for performing such a method. |
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NL (1) | NL2007855C2 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3920419A (en) * | 1974-04-10 | 1975-11-18 | Republic Steel Corp | Method of removing ammonia from ammonia containing liquor |
JP2006334472A (en) * | 2005-05-31 | 2006-12-14 | Fujikasui Engineering Co Ltd | Ammonia-containing waste water treatment method |
WO2010015928A1 (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2010-02-11 | Niamex S.R.L. | Process for extracting the ammonia nitrogen from liquid waste |
US20110048230A1 (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2011-03-03 | Vittorio Sturla | Process for stripping and recovering ammonia from digested wastes and plant for carrying out said process |
-
2011
- 2011-11-24 NL NL2007855A patent/NL2007855C2/en active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3920419A (en) * | 1974-04-10 | 1975-11-18 | Republic Steel Corp | Method of removing ammonia from ammonia containing liquor |
JP2006334472A (en) * | 2005-05-31 | 2006-12-14 | Fujikasui Engineering Co Ltd | Ammonia-containing waste water treatment method |
WO2010015928A1 (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2010-02-11 | Niamex S.R.L. | Process for extracting the ammonia nitrogen from liquid waste |
US20110048230A1 (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2011-03-03 | Vittorio Sturla | Process for stripping and recovering ammonia from digested wastes and plant for carrying out said process |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
MACKOWIAK J: "WEG MIT DEM AMMONIUM", VERFAHRENSTECHNIK, MAINZ, DE, vol. 34, no. 5, 1 January 2000 (2000-01-01), pages 22,24, XP008014965 * |
S. SARACCO ET AL: "High temperature ammonia stripping and recovery from process liquid wastes", JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, 1 April 1994 (1994-04-01), pages 191 - 206, XP055033947, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://ac.els-cdn.com/0304389494850488/1-s2.0-0304389494850488-main.pdf?_tid=837d3b6cb910c946b23058046b907416&acdnat=1343303887_f5450fc613bc8955b1beadc09592e2d5> [retrieved on 20120726] * |
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