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Application grantedgrantedCritical
Publication of NL104480CpublicationCriticalpatent/NL104480C/xx
C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
C22B9/16—Remelting metals
C22B9/22—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation
C22B9/228—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation by particle radiation, e.g. electron beams
B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
B22D7/005—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals from non-ferrous metals
C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
C22B9/04—Refining by applying a vacuum
H—ELECTRICITY
H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
H01J19/00—Details of vacuum tubes of the types covered by group H01J21/00
H01J19/68—Specified gas introduced into the tube at low pressure, e.g. for reducing or influencing space charge
H—ELECTRICITY
H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
H01J37/30—Electron-beam or ion-beam tubes for localised treatment of objects
H01J37/305—Electron-beam or ion-beam tubes for localised treatment of objects for casting, melting, evaporating, or etching