NL1040604C2 - Object detection system. - Google Patents

Object detection system. Download PDF

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Publication number
NL1040604C2
NL1040604C2 NL1040604A NL1040604A NL1040604C2 NL 1040604 C2 NL1040604 C2 NL 1040604C2 NL 1040604 A NL1040604 A NL 1040604A NL 1040604 A NL1040604 A NL 1040604A NL 1040604 C2 NL1040604 C2 NL 1040604C2
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NL
Netherlands
Prior art keywords
radiation
radio sources
detecting
artificial
radio
Prior art date
Application number
NL1040604A
Other languages
Dutch (nl)
Inventor
Geert Henk Kruithof
Original Assignee
Stichting Astron
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stichting Astron filed Critical Stichting Astron
Priority to NL1040604A priority Critical patent/NL1040604C2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of NL1040604C2 publication Critical patent/NL1040604C2/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/003—Bistatic radar systems; Multistatic radar systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/04—Systems determining presence of a target
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
    • G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
    • G01S3/74—Multi-channel systems specially adapted for direction-finding, i.e. having a single antenna system capable of giving simultaneous indications of the directions of different signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
    • G01V8/005—Prospecting or detecting by optical means operating with millimetre waves, e.g. measuring the black losey radiation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Description

Title: Object detection system
DESCRIPTION
The invention refers to an object detection system Introduction
One of the techniques used to detect objects in the air or in space is radar. This technology relies on the detection of radio waves reflected by an object. Two categories of radar technologies are in use: active and passive radar. In active radar mode, a radio signal is generated in order to produce reflection waves towards an antenna. In passive radar mode the reflection of radio waves originating from other radio sources (e.g. broadcast towers) is used to detect an object.
Hereinafter, including in the claims, the concept of "radio sources" will deemed to include all relevant kinds of electromagnetic radiation, including those in use for radar, radio, television, telecommunication, broadcasting etc.
Problem description
Some objects are difficult to detect using either active or passive radar. This is due to the fact that - the reflected power of the radio waves by the objects is very low - the object is very small - the object has been constructed such that incoming radio waves are reflected such that detection is difficult.
Solution
The method according to the present invention for detecting such objects difficult to detect, comprises: - detection of the interruption (or blockage) of an existing (external) radio source, either an artificial or a natural one (artificial radio sources are for instance broadcast towers; natural radio sources include the cosmic microwave background, as well as radio emission from celestial objects such as pulsars); - and/or detection of the black body radiation from the object .
Preferably, the method according to the present invention uses aperture arrays for the detection of these objects. Aperture arrays are able to monitor multiple directions of the sky at the same time (Figure 1). By monitoring multiple radio sources continuously, objects can be detected when they interrupt the signal from a specific radio source (Figure 1 and 2). Detecting the interruption of signals originating from different stations will result in a different timing of the interruption. This timing difference can be used to calculate the position of the object in three dimensions. By using a radio map of the sky with artificial and/or natural sources, the objects can be tracked as they cover the various radio sources over time.
Preferably, the aperture arrays use software algorithms only to track objects in real time and do not have to rely on mechanical steering of antennas. Therefore, they are able to track multiple directions at the same time and, besides, the speed at which they can track an object is much higher than systems relying on mechanical steering.
The method according to the present invention, preferably, uses cross correlation of multiple Aperture Arrays Stations for a better signal to noise ratio and for the calculation of the position of the object in three dimensions.
Hereinafter the invention will be elucidated on the basis of some figures.
Figure 1 illustrates detection of a moving object by detection of the interruption of waves originating from existing radio sources, applying an aperture arrays type antenna.
Figure 2 illustrates that detection of the interruption of signals originating from different stations results in a different timing of the interruption, which timing difference is used to calculate the position of the object in e.g. three dimensions. By using a radio map of the sky with artificial and/or natural sources, the objects can be tracked as they cover the various radio sources over time.
Reference signs used in the figures:
1 Radio source A
2 Radiation originating from radio source A
3 Radio source B
4 Radiation originating from radio source B 5 Moving object to be detected 6 Aperture array antenna system 7 Course of the radiation from source A, detected by the antenna system 6 8 Radiation from source A blocked (interrupted) by moving object 5 9 Course of the radiation from source B, detected by the antenna system 6 10 Radiation from source B blocked (interrupted) by moving object 5
The invention could be summarized as follows: 1. Method for detecting an object (5), the method comprising detection of an interruption of one or more artificial or natural radio sources (1,3) by - receiving, by an antenna system (6), the radiation (2,4) from said one or more artificial or natural radio sources; - monitoring the course (7,9) of the radiation levels received from the relevant radio sources and detecting, in said radiation levels, occurrences (8,10) of interruption caused by said object; - computing, from said detected interruption occurrences the location and/or motion of said object. 2. Method according to point 1, including the detection of black body radiation from and/or caused by the object. 3. System arranged for performing a method according to point 1 or 2. 4. System according to point 3, including an aperture arrays type antenna for receiving the radiation from said one or more artificial or natural radio sources. 5. System according to point 4, said aperture arrays being arranged to monitor multiple directions of the sky at the same time. 6. System according to any preceding point from point 3, including means for monitoring the course of the radiation levels received from the relevant radio sources and detecting objects when they interrupt the signal from each specific radio source. 7. System according to point 6, including means arranged for detecting the interruptions of signals originating from different stations and their relevant timings, and for calculating, from said timings, the position of the object in two or three dimensions. 8. System according to point 7, said means being arranged to use a radio map of the sky with artificial and/or natural sources and to track said object as it covers the various radio sources over time. 9. System according to any preceding point from point 3, said aperture arrays type antenna includes means arranged for executing software algorithms made to track objects in real time. 10. System according to point 9, including means arranged for executing cross correlation of multiple aperture arrays for the provision of a better signal to noise ratio and/or for the calculation of the position of the object in two or three dimensions. 11. Software means intended for application in any method or system according to any preceding point.

Claims (11)

1. Werkwijze voor het detecteren van een object (5), welke werkwijze omvat het detecteren van een onderbreking of verzwakking in de van één of meer kunstmatige of natuurlijke radiobronnen (1,3) afkomstige straling door - het door een antennesysteem (6) ontvangen van de straling (2,4) van die één of meer kunstmatige of natuurlijke radiobronnen; - het monitoren van het verloop (7,9) van de van de betreffende radiobronnen ontvangen stralingsniveaus en het in die stralingsniveaus detecteren van door het object veroorzaakte onderbrekingen of verzwakkingen (8,10); - het uit de gedetecteerde onderbrekingen of verzwakkingen berekenen van de locatie en/of beweging van het object .A method for detecting an object (5), the method comprising detecting an interruption or attenuation in the radiation from one or more artificial or natural radio sources (1,3) by - received by an antenna system (6) of the radiation (2,4) from those one or more artificial or natural radio sources; - monitoring the course (7, 9) of the radiation levels received from the relevant radio sources and detecting interruptions or attenuations caused by the object in those radiation levels (8, 10); - calculating the location and / or movement of the object from the detected interruptions or weaknesses. 2. Werkwijze volgens conclusie 1, omvattende het detecteren van "black body radiation" van en/of veroorzaakt door het object.Method according to claim 1, comprising detecting " black body radiation " of and / or caused by the object. 3. Systeem ingericht voor het uitvoeren van een werkwijze volgens conclusie 1 of 2.3. System arranged for performing a method according to claim 1 or 2. 4. Systeem volgens conclusie 3, omvattende een antenne met aperture arrays voor het ontvangen van de straling van de één of meer kunstmatige of natuurlijke radiobronnen.The system of claim 3, comprising an antenna with aperture arrays for receiving the radiation from the one or more artificial or natural radio sources. 5. Systeem volgens conclusie 4, waarbij de aperture arrays zijn ingericht om gelijktijdig meerdere richtingen te monitoren.The system of claim 4, wherein the aperture arrays are arranged to monitor multiple directions simultaneously. 6. Systeem volgens willekeurig welke voorgaande systeemcon-clusie, omvattende middelen voor het monitoren van het verloop van de van de betreffende radiobronnen ontvangen stralingsniveaus en het detecteren van objecten die die stralingsniveaus onderbreken of verzwakken.A system according to any preceding system claim, comprising means for monitoring the course of the radiation levels received from the relevant radio sources and detecting objects that interrupt or attenuate those radiation levels. 7. Systeem volgens conclusie 6, omvattende middelen ingericht voor het detecteren van onderbrekingen of verzwakkingen van signalen afkomstig van verschillende radiobronnen en de betreffende tijden ervan, en voor het daaruit berekenen van de positie van het object in twee of drie dimensies.A system according to claim 6, comprising means adapted to detect interruptions or attenuations of signals from different radio sources and their respective times, and to calculate the position of the object in two or three dimensions therefrom. 8. Systeem volgens conclusie 7, waarbij genoemde middelen zijn ingericht om een radiokaart met kunstmatige en/of natuurlijke radiobronnen te gebruiken om het object te traceren.A system according to claim 7, wherein said means are arranged to use a radio card with artificial and / or natural radio sources to trace the object. 9. Systeem volgens willekeurig welke voorgaande systeemcon-clusie, waarbij de antenne met aperture arrays middelen omvat die zijn ingericht voor het uitvoeren van software algoritmes voor het real-time traceren van objecten.A system according to any preceding system claim, wherein the antenna with aperture arrays comprises means adapted to execute software algorithms for real-time tracing of objects. 10. Systeem volgens conclusie 9, omvattende middelen ingericht voor het uitvoeren van kruiscorrelatie van meerdere aperture arrays voor het verkrijgen van een betere signaal/ruis-verhouding en/of voor het berekenen van de positie van het object in twee of drie dimensies.System as claimed in claim 9, comprising means adapted for performing cross-correlation of a plurality of aperture arrays for obtaining a better signal-to-noise ratio and / or for calculating the position of the object in two or three dimensions. 11. Softwaremiddelen bedoeld voor het uitvoeren van een werkwijze resp. systeem volgens willekeurig welke voorgaande werkwijze- resp. systeemconclusie.11. Software means intended for carrying out a method resp. system according to any of the foregoing method or processes. system conclusion.
NL1040604A 2014-01-14 2014-01-14 Object detection system. NL1040604C2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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NL1040604A NL1040604C2 (en) 2014-01-14 2014-01-14 Object detection system.
NL1040604 2014-01-14

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5424744A (en) * 1993-01-23 1995-06-13 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Sensor arrangement for sensing a threat
US20080055157A1 (en) * 2006-09-01 2008-03-06 Zafer Sahinoglu Cooperative passive radar system
US20140009322A1 (en) * 2011-07-19 2014-01-09 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Calculator, system, method and computer program for obtaining one or more motion parameters of a target

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5424744A (en) * 1993-01-23 1995-06-13 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Sensor arrangement for sensing a threat
US20080055157A1 (en) * 2006-09-01 2008-03-06 Zafer Sahinoglu Cooperative passive radar system
US20140009322A1 (en) * 2011-07-19 2014-01-09 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Calculator, system, method and computer program for obtaining one or more motion parameters of a target

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