NL1040426C2 - FOURTAKE COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH ONE HEAD VALVE PER CYLINDER. - Google Patents

Description

OVERVIEW of the Text Pages concerns: Four-stroke combustion engine with one main valve per cylinder

No.- Front page: EXTRACT

No.l. (This Page) OVERVIEW of the Text Pages

No.2 Short history and the state of the 4-stroke engine technology

No. 3 Structural construction of the valve system, etc

No. 4 The activation of the Valve system trio (for No.3)

No. 5 Overview of the 4-stroke tilt positions (Fig.nos.lt/m4) Page no.l

No. 6 Valve timing diagram for the 4-stroke Work process: with Fig.no ISA

No. 7 Graph for the valve tracks. Abbreviations. at Fig. 15B

No. 8 Figure list. Overview 2014

No. 9 Overview of the Component numbering

No. 10 Review for the 4-stroke engine 1040426

Nos.llenl2 Conclusions (or: Claims) for the Timcon 4-stroke engine! )

Other 3-valve systems for process control with 4-stroke engines are: 1 US 1 555 804 from John Kolmar, Chicago 1922-1925 2 US 5 782 215 Marc Μ. Engelsmann, Iowa USA 1998 3 DE 4 439o87Al Victor Hammermeister, Una DE 1995 4 DE 4 780 53C Emil Krupke, Stettin DE 1929 The Monohead Cylinder construction was once also used by Lotus and historically perhaps also by others

The drawings in this report show various implementation options for applications with the Timcon system for 4-stroke engines, mobile and stationary DESCRIPTION Brief HISTORY and the STATE of 4-stroke engine technology.

Four-stroke engines have already been available in several superstructures. Regarding the cylinder placement, there are in-line engines, V-engines, with standing and even hanging cylinders, boxers, and for aviation also one-and two-row star engines and previously even active with a revolving engine block. From side valve engines we came to head valve systems. There are also Diesel and Ottomotors. There are air and liquid cooled units of this. We have atmospheric engines for the process and others with pressure filling, either with mechanically coupled compressors or exhaust gas turbos. There are also structural variants for the gas supply and discharge control in engines, in addition to the usual plate valves with passage, such as sliders and also rotating components. Furthermore, various systems have been developed in the process to achieve, in an acceptable form, an optimum (many aspects comprising!) Power control For traction motors with varying loads in a wide speed range this is certainly the case. It is too comprehensive and here too intention to go into it further. And regarding the technical feasibility: There is currently already a 14-cylinder marine diesel engine for container ships with a capacity of more than 8Ó MW (110,000 HP) and 25 meters long, with 3 platforms. STAND. Four-stroke engines basically have two valves per cylinder for gas exchange: one valve for the fresh gas inlet and one valve for the exhaust gas. With further development, especially for fast-running engines, there has been a transition to mostly 2 inlet and 2 outlet valves for a larger gas passage capacity and to thereby increase power with increasing compression, torque and speed. There are (have been) engines with 2 to 8 poppet valves per cylinder, each with its own nature, profit and problems. For multi-valves, there is an extensive valve command system with gas channels in the cylinder head. sometimes come with a rather "erratic" coolant channel. The valves must not touch each other and the piston in their movements, while the lubrication of components and also good accessibility of the spark plug (s) and injector deserve attention. With highly compressed engines, this may require required recesses for the piston floor, with the result that: undesirably increased heat-absorbing surface and weight gain of the piston. The combustion chamber and the piston (bottom) must therefore be carefully designed. As a result, the complexity of the cylinder head with the engine superstructure has become an intensively constructive task and the cost price of the engine will have increased considerably. SOLUTION INDICATION: = In order to arrive at a solution or problem reduction for one or more of these issues, analysis has opted for the construction of a new valve system including, among other things, only one Main valve X per cylinder, as set out herein as the subject of the invention. = Structural versions for the superstructure of the engine with the valve controls for different situations, and named: according to the Timcon system, are also shown. DESCRIPTION (continued) Four-stroke combustion engine with one main valve per cylinder CONSTRUCTIVE construction of the valve system for 4-stroke engines, Timcon system.

The valve system consists in principle of 3 valves in mutually co-axial arrangement: - the Main valve X, - the Selector valve Y and - the Exhaust casing valve Z, the situation of which is shown in the Drawing: Fig. 5 with the position for the valves in the outlet position. = The main valve X In the combustion chamber (s) of the engine there is only one Disc valve for the shut-off, with valve passage for gas passages: the Main valve X and this serves in one operative position successively for both the outlet and the inlet = The Selector valve Y On the valve stem side of valve X is in tandem arrangement a slide valve, called the Selector valve Y. This selector Y has a hollow stem and a slightly smaller plate diameter than main valve X, so that Y can slide axially over the valve stem of valve X, or over its valve guide (15) and also pass through the valve passage of X. The valve plate Y has a raised stop ring (10) on the underside, concentrically and fairly centrally, with which the valve Y can rest on valve X, while there remains some space between the plates of these two valves outside this ring. The closing edge on the circumference of the Selector valve Y is located on the stem side and is functionally intended for sealing, during the outlet phase, against the underside as a seat, of the third valve: the Mantle valve Z, and this is the Exhaust valve. = The exhaust casing valve Z. The basic shape of this valve Z is a tubular part as a shaft or casing with at one end thereof, to be referred to as a foot, two concentric closing edges which are both axially turned towards the bottom. The inner closing edge serves as a valve seat, as stated, during the outlet phase, for the Selector valve Y. The outer closing edge is located on a collar outside the foot side and this edge can close on Valve seat (20) with the closing surface outside of the combustion chamber and along which, during the valve direction of valve Z, the exhaust gas outlet, rapidly expanding, can take place to a separate, spacious and insulated, annular Exhaust Chamber (2) outside on the Cylinder (13) and around the valve passage X, with then outlet (s) to the Exhaust pipe (and). The casing valve Z can be one-part or, in the case of a heavier design or otherwise required, axially divided into 2 or 3 parts. See the component figure for this. (C-23) NOTES = A) The mentioned upstanding Stop Ring (10) for Selector Y can alternatively also be applied to the stem side on the main valve dish X = B) The separate Exhaust Ring Chamber (2) is shown as component figure C-22 = C) Various seals are provisionally represented in several drawings as. . O-rings. They will be replaced with locally suitable seals.

The ACTIVATION of this valve system trio for 4-stroke engines.

For the tilt positions for the 4-stroke work process, see the Tek.Page.l with Figures 1 to 4 Graphical information about the valve activities is shown in the Valve timing diagram Fig.15A and Graph for the Valve tracks (15B) with the explanation pages Nos. 6 and 7 - The main valve X. With valve passage, this determines the combustion chamber Vkr.

It is opened for the outlet and then remains open until the next intake phase.

Valve X can be operated in the conventional way: opening is done by Cam (5) on Camshaft (4) and closing is done by a pre-stressed Valve spring (16).

[There are in principle more possibilities for valve controls, such as e.g. desmodro-mechanical, electromechanical, pneumatic or even electro-hydraulic activations. ]

There are also combinations and there are switchable: Vario-cam and other control systems:

= The Selector valve Y I.

This has the function of selecting the gas flows for either the inlet or the outlet.

During the compression and the work stroke, the Selector valve Y has a tension-free rest position (ie with a small play) between the then closed Valves X and the Exhaust valve Z. in the passage of Valve X. As soon as the Main valve X comes loose from the seat (20) the gas pressure of the Cylinder (13) in the space, firstly outside the raised ring (10) between the Valves X and Y. The Selector valve Y, which thereby rises, also takes the Exhaust valve Z, thereby passing passage Z, so that the exhaust gas, rapidly expanding, can flow through to the spacious Exhaust Chamber (2), and hence less impulsively discharged to the Exhaust Line (s). In this case the Inlet Tube (1) remains closed by the closure between the valves Y and Z and the exhaust stroke is completed. So there is no “Valve Overlap” present here. After the exhaust, the Overlap Valve Z is closed by 2 (or 1) Impulse Cams (ó) of the Camshaft (4) that activate via Push Rods (23) or: via one forked Tumbler (nnp) . The selector valve Y is thereby also driven back and passes through the valve passage X until it comes to rest on the tray of this still open main valve X. Subsequently the inlet to the cylinder (13) can take place again when the piston stroke descends. == The mantle valve Z is the exhaust valve. This is opened via the Selector valve Y by gas pressure and mechanically closed, as previously stated, or e.g. electromechanically. See Fig.17 The Casing Valve Z remains closed during the inlet phase and thereafter, up to and including the expansion stroke, by the gas pressure of the Exhaust Ring Chamber (2) on the outer ring at its valve foot Z.

The Casing Valve Z can also be assisted by a modified Cam Shape (6) NOTES: = A) A design is being studied for WT (Variable Valve Timing) of the Main Valve X = B) There is a constructively feasible idea for realizing Variable Compression OVERVIEW of the various tipping positions for the 4-stroke working process As shown on Sheet no.l of the figurine series Valve X = the Main valve, Y = the Selector valve and Z = the Exhaust valve Fig. 1 Situation at Inlet. The air (or gas) can flow into the combustion chamber (Vkr) and the cylinder (13) from the inlet chamber (1) along the valves X and Y. 2 Situation during compression and combustion. The 3 valves are in the rest position. The valves X and Z are closed. Valve Y is somewhat free in between. i

FIG. 3 Situation during the expansion stroke The 3 valves are still in their rest positions.

FIG. 4 Situation at the outlet. Through the pushed-open valve Z, the burned gas can escape to the Exhaust Ring Chamber (2) and be further discharged therefrom.

The directional arrows apply to the piston movements during the relevant situation.

Four-stroke internal combustion engine with one main valve per cylinder

VALVE DIAGRAM for the relevant 4-stroke labor process. See FIG. 15 A «The line-Al-A2-A3 is for the Main valve X during the outlet plus the inlet

The line ------- Y1 - Y2 relates to the Seiector valve Y during the discharge phase, while

The line -----— r - Y3 - Y4 after that applies to the Valve Y during the intake phase

The line ----- Z1— Z2— Z3 is for the Cover valve Z as the Exhaust valve

Points Y5 and Z3 are positions that can apply when applying internal EGR. The work process now proceeds as follows; Suppose the start is after one completed crankshaft revolution With the Piston in the TDC at 0 * Kgr at A2 with the (still) fully open Main Valve X and the closed Exhaust Valve Z starting the intake stroke with the Piston descending, ending just past the ODP opl80 * Kgr + with closing the Valve X at A3. The gas has thus been brought in. Subsequently, the compression stroke with the two closed Valves X and Z comes until the Piston has returned to the TDC and the ignition with combustion will then take place.

The expansion or work stroke now follows as the piston descends with the valves X and Z still closed and the two between the Seiector valve Y resting. Now the exhaust stroke is dealt with

V

The gas must now be removed from the Cylinder (13) via the main valve X to be opened, as well as the outlet valve Z through a large outlet ring chamber (2) on the outlet pipe (s). In addition, the intake route must be absolutely closed for intake gas loss, as well as for the arrival of (dirty) exhaust gas. [With this version, there is no valve overlap: that is a big plus!] At Z2, the Exhaust mantle valve Zen closes a complete 4-stroke work process, so that subsequent processes can again take place per cylinder (13) with 2 complete shaft revolutions. RESULTING are the Valve and Piston activities:

Point Al: the main valve X opens at Al on e.g. 165 * Kgr for the outlet (stroke) to Point A2 and then remains open for a (new) intake stroke for the Piston from Point A2 to Point A3 Points Y1 and Zl: the Seiector valve Y and Exhaust valve Z opened directly after Point A1 together and then opened for their outlet campaign; The Klep Z is controlled for this purpose by the KlepY. Points Z2 and Y2: the outlet valve Z is closed after its outlet, at 360 ° Kgr, and which has driven the Seiector valve Y back, via the valve passage X, to a rest position on the Valve dish X Point Y3; the Seiector valve Y is at the inlet start to the end at Y4 at low piston position. Point A3: the Main valve X now closes again at the end of the (second) inlet phase.

Only theoretically there should be no valve movements during the compression and labor stroke of the 4-stroke system. However, the practice and physics laws, including those on mass inertia, point out differently. The aforementioned * Kgr are therefore assumed values.

For abbreviations: See below on Pag. 7

GRAPHIC for the valve tracks for the relevant 4-stroke process See Fig. 15.B

The line - is for the Main valve X for the inlet and outlet.

The line, ---- ---- is for the Selector valve Y for process control ©

The line ----- is for the Mantelkep Z as an exhaust valve

The line .--------- is the job for the YenZ Valves together.

Note: ,, JVIarkant valve locations in both the Pie Chart and in the Job Chart are named identically. However, the starting positions in the process figures are selected differently. For the Kleptiming diagram Fig. 1SA, the 4-stroke process is described from the starting point. At the Kleppenbaan activities in Fig. 15.B the starting point is the point of rest for the closed Valves X and Z at the time of ignition, with the Piston at the TDC, at + 0 * Kgr. With downward piston stroke, during Phase ΠΙ, [d.i. the work or expansion stroke] will open the Main valve X for gas outlet at the achieved point A1 and at the same time the Valves Y and Z will release the passage to the spacious Exhaust Ring Chamber (2), so that the outlet phase can take place and with which the 4-stroke work process is then completed.

The operation of the combustion engine is then continued identically.

The valve movement directions in the Graph relative to the 0-line ^ and i are equal to the realities for the Valve trio from the initial and closed rest situation, as they are approximate during the compression stroke and the subsequent expansion stroke.

Abbreviations for FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B TDC - Upper Dead Point [of the Piston Stroke] ODP = Lower Dead Point Degrees Crank Angle: The * Kgr values, mentioned for some tilt positions, are assumed values for theoretical process consideration.

WT = Variable Valve Timing I VTEC = Variable Valve Timing and Lift; Electrical Control C S = Cam Profile Switching

FIGURE LUST

Note: The drawing figures usually relate to one Cylinder. "

Group A concerns S.OHC engines with one central Camshaft at the top.

Figures Nos. Topic: - (Frontpage) Valve system X, Y and Z with inlet tube (1) and outlet ring chamber (2)

Figs 1 to 4 Overview of the.d. Valves during the 4-stroke labor process. FIG. 5 Model 1 Superstructure with Valves in the Exhaust Phase Dwarsdsn.

FIG. 6 Model 1 Valve command and 2 Push rods. along

FIG. 7 Model 1 Valve body with one Push rod in front Side view

FIG. 8 Model 2 Superstructure with view of valve body. Expansion Dwarsdsn.

FIG. 9 Model 2 Valve control for the inlet; 2 push rods along

FIG. 10 Model 2 Valve body with one Push rod in front Side view

FIG. 11 Model 3 Short superstructure due to sunken valve body. Cross section - s' .. Fig. 12 Model "4 Valve set heavy version: Y with cap, Z is 3-part Crosswise

FIG. 13 Model 4 Camshaft with push rods for exhaust valve view

FIG. 14 Model 5 Heavy-duty version. Flow pattern for Inlet Inside Work

FIG. 15 A and B Four Stroke Process Valve Timing Diagram + Graph v.d. Flap tracks .. FIG. 16 Model 6 Principle drawing. 3-cyl. 4-stroke in-line engine, Inc. ~ 1.1 Ltr Langsdsn

FIG. 17 Model 7 Principle drawing. Electromagnetic valve control. Structure

FIG. 18 Model 8 Ditto. Now with reinforcement and control of the Y-valve action.

Group B concerns S.OHC-As Engines with Camshaft at the top on the side and tumblers, etc.

FIG. 19 Model As-1 Superstructure. N-axis with tumblers and tappets Side view Fig. 20 Model Shaft-1 Arrangement of the shafts for the valve drive view

FIG. 21 Model Axle-2 Superstructure with Camshaft with Tumblers Side view

Group C concerns Figures of engine components

FIG. C-22 A and -B 2-part Exhaust ring chamber (2) with 2 gas outlets and oil heating. FIG. C-23 A and -B Exhaust jacket valves Z Fig. C-23 C = 3-part Exhaust jacket valve Z

FIG. C-24 D Selector valve Y Fig. C-24 E Selector valve Y with protective cover

FIG. C-25 F. Valve spring housing (16) (3 Figs)

FIG. C-26 G Inlet duct (1) with tangential inflow (3 figs)

FIG. C-27 H Exhaust casing valve Z (2 figs) Fig.C-28 J Exhaust casing valve (2-part, in 3 figs) Abbreviation; S.OHC = Single Overhead Camshaft; S.OHC-Axle = idem, + Camshaft top-side Olow = for Ohe heating, if desired when the engine is cold starting See components Fig.C-22 and No.41 in Fig.5. OVERVIEW of the Component numbering (with Fig.nos)

BOM for S.OHC engine. According to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, as well as Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 And for the S.OHC-Axis engine with the Camshaft top-side, according to Fig. 19 and Fig. 21 For desired electromagnetic valve control: according to Fig. 17 and FIG. 18 X Main valve K Coolant Vkr Combustion chamber \ Y Selector Oln Oil mist Tdr Back pressure line Z Exhaust ring valve. Olow Oil warming up S.OHC = Single Over Head Camshaft S.OHC.As = idem; N-axis top-side 1 Inlet sleeve 16 Spring housing 31 Tumbler axle v. No. 30 2 Exhaust ring chamber 17 Oil seal 32 Tumbler axle v. No. 35 3 Center part / Housing 18 Insert bushing 33 Tumbler 4 Camshaft 19 Tappet ring 34 Valve tappet 5 Main cam '20 Valve seat 35 Rocker shaft 6 Exhaust closing cams 21 Gasket at Z 36 Rocker 7 Rocker shaft for X 22 Gasket at Z 37 Rocker shaft 8 Rocker for X 23 Rocker plunger 38 Rocker 9 Rocker shaft 24 Holder 39 Camshaft 10 Ring on Valve Y 25 Guide 40 Sealing tape with no. 2 11 Cap 26 Guide bush 1 for Fig. C-22A: with Olow 12 Wall cabinet 27 Spark plug {No.41 Acc. for oil pipe 13 Cylinder [block] 28 Injector 42 Electromagnet 14 Insert plate 29 Camshaft, 43 Electromagnet 15 Valve guide 30 Rocker arm 44 Adjusting mechanism (n.n.p.)

Page..IQ POINTS ON the Timcon construction system for four-contact engines. 1. -) A satisfactory degree of "downsizing" and probably also weight reduction has been achieved in the treated system through analysis of the construction and process progress. 2.) A considerable saving in the number of components has been achieved, not especially multi-valve engines 3 .) A complete valve command for process control is already obtained from one camshaft with a main cam (4) and 2 closing cams (6). 4.) A voluminous gas supply is available on site for the Inlet Situade, the Main Valve 'X releases a large passage and a large collection chamber is ready for the outlet to gradually expel the gas from there in a longer phase; possibly also noise reducing.

[The gas flow encounters little resistance in its entire path.] 5.) Of course, this system will physically produce a reduced flow resistance for a given quantity of "dust" according to the law in gas flow theory, which will result in a greater liter power for the engine, df a "smaller" engine will be assessed as satisfactory. 6.) An economical "Long-stroke" engine can be carried out well here, while a complete combustion is also encouraged by the vortex initiation in the Inlet tube. The question immediately arises as to whether this engine may be suitable for the use of alternative fuels and fuel mixtures. 7. The circular coolant channels work effectively and are relatively easy to insert. 8.) When using the Monohead construction, an expensive and worrying material sub-surface disappears in the gas high-pressure zone and the critical head gasket is abandoned. 9.) Due to the symmetrical structure of the superstructure and the promoted concentric thermal load of the cylinder and head here, hot peak values are prevented and the danger of detonation is reduced. 10.) Due to the large passage for gas over almost the entire power circuit, it is logical that the process flow has a lower flow resistance and, therefore, is less smothering than usual elsewhere. With lower impulsivity, it also works as a dB-killer. be adequate. ANALYSIS: To get a maximum amount of intake gas into the cylinder for maximum power, it is essential to keep the temperature of the gas as "fresh" as possible. This can be achieved if as little wall area in the route as possible has flow contact with both the exhaust gas and the intake gas. This has been taken into account in the construction.

Claims (5)

Device for the four-stroke process control of an internal combustion engine operating according to the Otto or Diesel operating principle and characterized in that a trio valve system is used in an mutually axially concentric arrangement and comprising: = the large main valve X operating according to the known cam spring system and, respectively, for the gas outlet as well as for its inlet to the cylinder, as the sole valve in the combustion chamber Vkr. = the Selector valve Y, which clears the path without cam action and without spring cap set for: either the inlet gas ... or the exhaust gas, as required for the working process, and third: = the outlet casing valve Z , which is indirectly pneumatically opened and closed again by cam action (s) .. for exhaust gas exhaust and which functions without a valve spring set. Engine arrangement according to claim 1, with attention to the current requirement of building volume -... reduction, as "Downsizing" for the Superstructure in mobile car engines and characterized by a ... minimum of components and volume for execution of the labor process, namely Camshaft (4) with .. Cam (5) for Valve X and 2 Locking cams with eg 2 push rods (23) for the Uitiaat sleeve valve (Z) B. Ref .: Low FLOW RESISTANCE for the gas race and low cooling pump energy. 3.) Structures for a low flow resistance in the entire gas race for being able to process a maximum gas quantity and with optimum efficiency for the relevant engines as follows: 4. A bulky already gas-filled inlet duct (1) directly above the opening Main valve X offers little throughput resistance and after the stroke of work in the Cylinder, a large discharge to the expansion space around above the Cylinder is also possible via this large valve X, also possible around it an Exhaust Ring Chamber (2) with the same low back pressure, after three run-out phases from the 4-phase start. Then the quieter, slower scattering to the narrower exhaust pipe can take place = Additional side effect: Less impulsive gas actions on entering and leaving give welcome noise reductions. ..5.) The inlet duct has a double tangential gas entrance at the entrance to induce a gas flow which produces a so-called Swirl in the Combustion Chamber Vkr for achieving complete combustion. 6.) The liquid cooling system has an effective and also simple shape with low required pumping energy, and when using the Monohead construction, an expensive and worrying material part in the hot gas head pressure disappears and the critical head gasket is abandoned. C. Ref .: PROCESS Optimization 7.) Device according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that some structural provisions are made alternative to the valve system to thermally favor the working process efficiency 8.) The warm Selector valve Y with a cap or shield the funnel for unwanted heat transfer. to the passing inlet gas according to FIG. C-24 E 9.) For the three-part Exhaust body valve Z according to Fig. C-23C applies: This outlet valve Z, for heavy duty versions, is axially divided into 2 or even 3 parts, as follows: conclusions - continued - 10.) = I The base C.3 or the actual Exhaust ring valve, which is only in contact with the hot gas flow, with the right choice of materials, to perform its task. ..11.) = Π The interposition of a loose, heat-insulating ring C.2 between part C1 and C.3 12.) = HI The upper part C-23C.l, which absorbs the valve closing force and transmits it via C.2 on C.3 13.) Versions of one-part Exhaust Ring Valves Z are shown in accordance with FIG. C-23A and FIG. C-23B 14.) Applying the Ring channel Tdr in the House (3) with overpressure in it, so in circulation. of the Valve Z, as back pressure for the exhaust gas pressure, to thereby stop the rise of unwanted heat. See for this Tdr. in FIG. 12 and Fig. 14. SUPPLEMENT: .15.) The extra exhaust ring chamber (2) all around for accelerated exhaust gas expansion, with U-shaped cross-section, is completely 3-sided heat-insulated between the housing (3) and the cylinder block (13). 16.) It is designed in two parts for separate dismantling. 17.) If desired, it can also be supplied in a circumferential tube form, namely: Part of the exhaust gas heat can be usefully used to warm up engine oil quickly when cold starts for rapid full operating load, if the Exhaust ring chamber (2) is designed in a circumferential tube form. and is thereby provided with oil connections (41) The inner circle wall then requires free contact with the hot exhaust gases, while the other 3 walls can be insulated. 18.) This Exhaust Ring Chamber (2) can also be used as a heat source in other ways. t i /