NL1035433C2 - Artificial aortic valve for treating congestive heart failure, inserted in descending aorta, and balloon pump connected to arterial blood flow through tube outside body to function - Google Patents

Artificial aortic valve for treating congestive heart failure, inserted in descending aorta, and balloon pump connected to arterial blood flow through tube outside body to function Download PDF

Info

Publication number
NL1035433C2
NL1035433C2 NL1035433A NL1035433A NL1035433C2 NL 1035433 C2 NL1035433 C2 NL 1035433C2 NL 1035433 A NL1035433 A NL 1035433A NL 1035433 A NL1035433 A NL 1035433A NL 1035433 C2 NL1035433 C2 NL 1035433C2
Authority
NL
Netherlands
Prior art keywords
blood flow
arterial blood
heart failure
balloon pump
congestive heart
Prior art date
Application number
NL1035433A
Other languages
Dutch (nl)
Other versions
NL1035433A1 (en
Inventor
Cornelis Johannes Maria Van Berg
Original Assignee
Berg Cornelis Johannes Maria V
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Berg Cornelis Johannes Maria V filed Critical Berg Cornelis Johannes Maria V
Priority to NL1035433A priority Critical patent/NL1035433C2/en
Publication of NL1035433A1 publication Critical patent/NL1035433A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2009/055957 priority patent/WO2009141286A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of NL1035433C2 publication Critical patent/NL1035433C2/en

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/24—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/24—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body
    • A61F2/2403—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body with pivoting rigid closure members
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/24—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body
    • A61F2/2412—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body with soft flexible valve members, e.g. tissue valves shaped like natural valves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/24—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body
    • A61F2/2427—Devices for manipulating or deploying heart valves during implantation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
    • A61M60/122—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
    • A61M60/122—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body
    • A61M60/126—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel
    • A61M60/148—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel in line with a blood vessel using resection or like techniques, e.g. permanent endovascular heart assist devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/20—Type thereof
    • A61M60/247—Positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/253—Positive displacement blood pumps including a displacement member directly acting on the blood
    • A61M60/268—Positive displacement blood pumps including a displacement member directly acting on the blood the displacement member being flexible, e.g. membranes, diaphragms or bladders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/20—Type thereof
    • A61M60/247—Positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/253—Positive displacement blood pumps including a displacement member directly acting on the blood
    • A61M60/268—Positive displacement blood pumps including a displacement member directly acting on the blood the displacement member being flexible, e.g. membranes, diaphragms or bladders
    • A61M60/274—Positive displacement blood pumps including a displacement member directly acting on the blood the displacement member being flexible, e.g. membranes, diaphragms or bladders the inlet and outlet being the same, e.g. para-aortic counter-pulsation blood pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/40—Details relating to driving
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/855—Constructional details other than related to driving of implantable pumps or pumping devices
    • A61M60/89—Valves
    • A61M60/894—Passive valves, i.e. valves actuated by the blood
    • A61M60/896—Passive valves, i.e. valves actuated by the blood having flexible or resilient parts, e.g. flap valves

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

The valve is inserted in a descending aorta. A balloon pump is connected to arterial blood flow through a tube outside a body to function.

Description

Beschrijving:Description:

Aorta descendens kunstklep implantatie (percutaan of operatief) als behandelingsmogelijkheid bij decompensatio cordis.Aorta descendens artificial valve implantation (percutaneous or surgical) as a treatment option for cordial discomfort.

5 Al langer bestaan kunstkleppen (mechanisch of biologisch) die ter vervanging van een bestaande disfunctionerende klep operatief kunnen worden ingebracht. Sedert korte tijd bestaan ook percutaan ingebrachte kunstkleppen in aortapositie.5 Artificial valves (mechanical or biological) have existed for a long time and can be surgically inserted to replace an existing dysfunctional valve. For a short time there have also been percutaneously inserted artificial valves in aortic position.

Kunstkleppen worden nog nergens in de aorta descendens ingebracht met als doel het hart te ontlasten, door de terugstroom als gevolg van de compliantie van de 10 aorta tegen te houden. Er ontstaat dan een werking welke gedeeltelijk ook optreedt bij het gebruik van een ballonpomp. Hierbij behoeft er geen pre-existent aortakleplijden te zijnArtificial valves are nowhere introduced into the descending aorta for the purpose of relieving the heart, by stopping the backflow due to the compliance of the aorta. An action then arises which also partially occurs with the use of a balloon pump. There is no need for pre-existent aortic valve disease

Voor de duidelijkheid: deze klep wordt in dat geval extra ingebracht en niet ter vervanging van een disfunctionerende klep. Een patiënt kan een indicatie hebben 15 tot implantatie van een aorta descendens klep terwijl alle hartkleppen van die patiënt volledig correct functioneren.For the sake of clarity: in this case, this valve is additionally inserted and not as a replacement for a malfunctioning valve. A patient may have an indication for implantation of an aortic descending valve while all of the patient's heart valves function fully correctly.

De eenvoudigste uitwerking van deze gedachte is het percutaan via een ballon inbrengen van een daarvoor geschikte en reeds bestaande aortaklep in de aorta descendens, in elk geval voorbij de afgang van de arteria subclavia. Deze 20 percutaan ingebrachte kleppen maken momenteel technisch een dynamische ontwikkeling door, waarvan ook deze in de aorta descendens ingebrachte klep kan profiteren.The simplest elaboration of this idea is the percutaneous introduction of a suitable and pre-existing aortic valve into the descending aortic valve via a balloon, at least beyond the fall of the subclavia artery. These percutaneously inserted valves are currently undergoing a technically dynamic development, from which also the valve inserted into the aorta descendens can benefit.

Desalniettemin geldt de redenering zelfs voor operatief ingebrachte kunstkleppen, zodat de methode ook geschikt kan zijn voor patiënten die bijvoorbeeld ongeschikt 25 zijn voor percutaan ingebrachte kleppen of bij wie toch al een ingreep in de thoraxholte moet plaatsvinden. Meestal zal hierbij vanwege de gradiënt over de klep de voorkeur uitgaan naar een biologische klep. maar dit is geen voorwaarde.Nevertheless, the reasoning applies even to surgically inserted artificial valves, so that the method can also be suitable for patients who are unsuitable for percutaneously inserted valves or for whom an intervention in the chest cavity must already take place. Because of the gradient across the valve, a biological valve will usually be preferred. but this is not a condition.

De doelgroep bestaat in eerste instantie uit patiënten met hartfalen.The target group initially consists of patients with heart failure.

Ingeval van een biologische aorta descendens kunstklep zal hartcatheterisatie via 30 de beenvaten mogelijk blijven.In the case of a biological aortic descending artificial valve, heart catheterization via the leg vessels will remain possible.

ίΛ * 5 4 3 3 2* 5 4 3 3 2

Als een patiënt die reeds behandeld wordt met een aorta descendens kunstklep in shock geraakt kan extra ondersteuning geïndiceerd zijn middels mechanische ondersteuning. Doordat de aorta descendens kunstklep de terugstroom van bloed naar het hart voorkomt, wordt het mogelijk bijvoorbeeld een ballonpomp het hart 5 extracorporeel te laten ondersteunen door deze in een externe buis, gevuld met bloed van de patiënt, te laten pompen die via een canule ingebracht in de femoraal arterie connectie heeft met de bloedstroom. In zo'n geval van externe ondersteuning kan echter ook van eenvoudiger technieken dan die van de ballonpomp gebruik worden gemaakt, bijvoorbeeld door gebruik te maken van 10 zuigers welke in zo’n externe buis, getriggerd door het ECG, op en neer bewegen en zo tijdens systole, als de descendens kunstklep open staat, de perifere weerstand behoorlijk kunnen doen afnemen. In diastole, als de descendens kunstklep gesloten is, kan het debiet bloed weer via de femoraal canule, in de aorta abdominalis worden teruggepompt en de perifere bloedstroom ondersteunen, zonder dat de 15 hartwerking door hogere drukken negatief wordt beïnvloed.If a patient who is already being treated with an aortic descending artificial valve is shocked, additional support may be indicated by mechanical support. Because the aortic descending artificial valve prevents the backflow of blood to the heart, it becomes possible, for example, to have a balloon pump support the heart 5 extracorporeally by having it pumped into an external tube filled with blood from the patient, which is inserted into a cannula the femoral artery has a connection with blood flow. In such a case of external support, however, simpler techniques than those of the balloon pump can also be used, for example by using pistons which move up and down in such an external tube, triggered by the ECG, and so during systole, if the descendens artificial valve is open, the peripheral resistance can decrease considerably. In diastole, when the descending artificial valve is closed, the blood flow can be pumped back again through the femoral cannula, into the abdominal aorta and support the peripheral blood flow, without the heart action being adversely affected by higher pressures.

Intima overgroei bij biologische kleppen kan een probleem vormen welke mogelijk pas later bijvoorbeeld door gebruik te maken van drug eluting kleppen kan worden opgelost. Dit zou ervoor kunnen zorgdragen dat de toepassing in eerste instantie beperkt blijft tot operatief ingebrachte mechanische kleppen, met een zo laag 20 mogelijke gradiënt over de klep.Intimal overgrowth in biological valves can be a problem which may not be resolved until later, for example, by using drug eluting valves. This could ensure that the application is initially limited to surgically inserted mechanical valves, with the lowest possible gradient across the valve.

t 0 3 5 4 33t 0 3 5 4 33

Claims (1)

Een kunstklep kan in de aorta descendens worden ingebracht ter behandeling van decompensatio cordis, hierbij behoeft er geen pre-existent aortakleplijden te zijn . Bij een patiënt met decompensatio cordis bij wie een kunstklep in de aorta 5 descendens is ingebracht ontstaat de mogelijkheid een ballonpomp of vergelijkbare ondersteuning, alleen verbonden met de arteriële bloedstroom middels een canule, buiten het lichaam te laten functioneren . Intima overgroei kan initiële toepassing beperken tot operatief ingebrachte mechanische kleppen met een zo laag mogelijke gradiënt 10 ' ' · 4 33An artificial valve can be inserted into the descending aorta for the treatment of congestive heart failure, there being no need for pre-existing aortic valve lesions. A patient with a decompensation cordis with an artificial valve inserted into the aorta descendens creates the possibility of a balloon pump or comparable support, connected only to the arterial blood flow through a cannula, to function outside the body. Intima overgrowth can limit initial application to surgically inserted mechanical valves with the lowest possible gradient 10 '' · 4 33
NL1035433A 2008-05-19 2008-05-19 Artificial aortic valve for treating congestive heart failure, inserted in descending aorta, and balloon pump connected to arterial blood flow through tube outside body to function NL1035433C2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1035433A NL1035433C2 (en) 2008-05-19 2008-05-19 Artificial aortic valve for treating congestive heart failure, inserted in descending aorta, and balloon pump connected to arterial blood flow through tube outside body to function
PCT/EP2009/055957 WO2009141286A1 (en) 2008-05-19 2009-05-15 Method for treating heart diseases

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1035433A NL1035433C2 (en) 2008-05-19 2008-05-19 Artificial aortic valve for treating congestive heart failure, inserted in descending aorta, and balloon pump connected to arterial blood flow through tube outside body to function
NL1035433 2008-05-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
NL1035433A1 NL1035433A1 (en) 2008-08-22
NL1035433C2 true NL1035433C2 (en) 2009-05-27

Family

ID=39929457

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
NL1035433A NL1035433C2 (en) 2008-05-19 2008-05-19 Artificial aortic valve for treating congestive heart failure, inserted in descending aorta, and balloon pump connected to arterial blood flow through tube outside body to function

Country Status (1)

Country Link
NL (1) NL1035433C2 (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060074483A1 (en) * 2004-10-01 2006-04-06 Schrayer Howard L Method of treatment and devices for the treatment of left ventricular failure
US20060241544A1 (en) * 2003-02-19 2006-10-26 Axel Haverich Methods and devices for improving cardiac output
US20060271173A1 (en) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-30 Delgado Reynolds M Iii Method and apparatus for implanting an aortic valve prosthesis

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060241544A1 (en) * 2003-02-19 2006-10-26 Axel Haverich Methods and devices for improving cardiac output
US20060074483A1 (en) * 2004-10-01 2006-04-06 Schrayer Howard L Method of treatment and devices for the treatment of left ventricular failure
US20060271173A1 (en) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-30 Delgado Reynolds M Iii Method and apparatus for implanting an aortic valve prosthesis

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL1035433A1 (en) 2008-08-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Kapur et al. Hemodynamic effects of left atrial or left ventricular cannulation for acute circulatory support in a bovine model of left heart injury
EP1791586A1 (en) Peripheral access devices and systems
Vetrovec Hemodynamic support devices for shock and high-risk PCI: when and which one
Healy et al. Physiologic effects of continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices
Castrodeza et al. Continuous-flow left ventricular assist device: Current knowledge, complications, and future directions
Georges et al. First-in-human experience with the ModulHeart device for mechanical circulatory support and renal perfusion
Musa et al. Mechanical circulatory support for decompensated heart failure
NL1035433C2 (en) Artificial aortic valve for treating congestive heart failure, inserted in descending aorta, and balloon pump connected to arterial blood flow through tube outside body to function
Kretzschmar et al. Concept, evaluation, and future perspectives of PERKAT® RV—a novel right ventricular assist device
Dudzinsk et al. A Review of percutaneous mechanical support devices and strategies
Phillips et al. Hemopump support for the failing heart
Lo et al. Mechanical circulatory support in ST-elevation myocardial infarction
Dudek et al. Circulatory support with Impella CP device during high-risk percutaneous coronary interventions: initial experience in Poland
Johnson et al. Superior mesenteric and renal flow patterns during intra‐aortic counterpulsation
Mathew et al. Chest radiographs of cardiac devices (Part 2): Ventricular assist devices
Stio et al. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation‐assisted emergency percutaneous treatment of left ventricular assist device graft occlusion
WO2021095123A1 (en) Balloon pumping system for valve formation
Gregory et al. Cannula design
Lauder et al. Secondary rise in blood pressure and leg swelling after central arteriovenous anastomosis
RU2782145C1 (en) Method for indirect left ventricular drainage in prosthetic heart function using veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ecmo) method
Adamo et al. Renal failure after trans-catheter aortic valve implantation
Frazier Left ventricular assist device as a bridge to partial left ventriculectomy
Yildiz et al. First Turkish Experiences of Assisted Beating-Heart Coronary Artery Bypass Graft with the Impella Microaxial Ventricular Assist Device®
Gregory et al. Biventricular assist devices
Isath et al. Emerging Modalities for Temporary Mechanical Circulatory Support in Cardiogenic Shock

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AD1A A request for search or an international type search has been filed
RD2N Patents in respect of which a decision has been taken or a report has been made (novelty report)

Effective date: 20090126

PD2B A search report has been drawn up
V1 Lapsed because of non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20141201