NL1010546C1 - Accumulation vessels for hot water heating systems. - Google Patents

Description

Accumulation vessels for hot water heating systems.

The present invention relates to hot water heating systems for use in living and living space heating, comprising a heating source such as a boiler for heating circulating water, a number of heat output points such as radiators for supplying heating heat to the living and living areas by means of the hot circulation water and a system of pipelines for the circulation of heated and cooled circulation water from the heating source to the 10 return heat points.

The present invention also relates to tap water heating systems for the use of hot tap water for sanitary purposes and kitchen use in the living and living areas concerned.

15

Such heating systems are known.

The present invention relates to an accumulation vessel in which the above two systems are integrated. Characteristic of that accumulation vessel is the layered temperature structure of the inflowing and outflowing circulation water within that vessel. This layered temperature structure is essential for the proper functioning of that accumulation vessel.

The present invention contemplates an accumulation vessel in which hot circulating water from the heat source is first collected in the accumulation vessel and isolated before it is further fed to the heat output points. Cooled circulation water from the heat output points is first collected in the accumulation vessel and separated before it is further fed to the heat source. In this way, the two 30 \ connected circuits are hydraulically separated from each other via the accumulator, so that each circuit can function independently and optimally.

The present invention aims to provide an improved hot water heating system for additional energy savings by improving efficiency, universal connection of various heating sources, improved operation of the hot water installation and improved operation of the heating installation in the living and living areas.

1010546 2

The hot water heating system for heating the living and living areas, according to the invention, is characterized in that the system has an accumulation vessel, which functionally splits that system in two, a separate circuit for the heat source (the boiler circuit) and a separate circuit for the 5 heat output points (the radiator circuit). The accumulation vessel is therefore provided with at least one hot water inlet pipe for the inlet into the accumulation vessel of heated hot circulation water from one or more heat sources, with a cold water outlet pipe for the discharge from the accumulation vessel of cooled cold circulation water to one or more heat sources, with a hot water outlet pipe for the discharge of hot circulating water from the accumulation vessel to the heat dispensing points, and with at least one cold water inflow pipe for entering the accumulating vessel of cooled circulating water from the heat dispensing points. The aim is that the two circuits can function optimally independently of each other, resulting in comfort and efficiency improvement.

'YOU

The accumulation vessel, according to the invention, is characterized in that each hot and cold water inflow pipe is provided with an inflow construction, which converts 20 turbulent flow patterns in the connecting pipe into laminar flow patterns within the accumulation vessel, with the aim of a layered temperature build-up of the inflowing and outflowing circulation water. to establish.

The inflow structures, according to the invention, are based on a certain velocity destruction of the inflowing circulation water during the flow-through of two metal plates placed in short succession, which are provided with special hole patterns. The inflow constructions connect inside the accumulation vessel to risers and downcomers which are provided in the wall with slit-shaped perforations, through which the inflowing circulation water can flow out at the top, the bottom as well as sideways. This achieves that a layered temperature can be built up of inflowing water temperatures, hot circulation water at the top, cooled circulation water at the bottom and warm circulation water in layers in between.

1010546 3

The accumulation vessel, according to the invention, is characterized in that outflow structures are also provided. These outflow structures are derived from the positioning of the outflow pipes for hot, warm and cooled circulation water from the vessel.

The outflow construction for the discharge of cooled circulation water from the accumulation vessel to the heating sources is provided as an outflow opening at the bottom of the accumulation vessel.

The outflow construction for the discharge of hot and warm circulation water from the accumulation vessel to the heat emission points and / or the heat source (boiler) is provided as an open insert pipe, which opens approximately in the middle of the vessel. The length of the insert pipe is determined by the power ratio of the relevant hot water installation and the heating installations for a certain type of accumulation vessel.

The accumulation vessel, according to the invention, is characterized in that the outflow constructions functionally divide the contents of the accumulation vessel into two parts, in an upper volume and in a lower volume, in accordance with said power ratio of the hot water installation and the heating installation.

The top of the insertion pipe is the natural interface for that top and bottom volume.

The accumulation vessel, according to the invention, has the feature that inflowing hot circulating water flows via the riser primarily to the upper volume and secondary to the lower volume. The top volume is, therefore, for the inflowing hot circulation water, in a preferred position relative to the bottom volume. The object of this is to allocate the heat capacity of the upper volume to the hot water installation and the heat capacity of the lower volume to the heating installation.

The accumulation vessel, according to the invention, comprises the feature that the vessel is provided with a closed insertion pipe for inserting control thermostats for controlling the temperature of the circulation water in the upper volume and / or in the lower volume of the accumulation vessel.

For the temperature control of the circulation water in the top and / or bottom volume of the storage tank, three control thermostats are provided, a single thermostat for on-off control of the heat source for the top volume and two thermostats in cascade 1010546 4 arrangement for on / off control of the heat source for the lower volume, with the lower thermostat switching on the heat source and the upper thermostat switching off the heat source. The object of this is to achieve a permanently high temperature of the circulation water for hot water in the upper volume and / or a maximum volume of cooled circulation water in the lower volume for the purpose of optimizing the efficiency of the heat source (boiler efficiency).

The control thermostats can be combined with an outdoor thermostat for stepwise temperature control of the circulation water. 10 This is intended to establish a winter company, a spring and autumn company and a summer company. During summer operation, the heating function for the lower volume is switched off, making that lower volume fully available for the solar (SOLAR) system.

The aim of this is that the storage tank also functions as a solar water heater, such that the available solar energy can be optimally utilized for the hot water as well as for the central heating installation, resulting in additional energy savings.

For reheating the solar energy in the upper volume, a three-way diverter valve must be installed in the outflow pipes to the boiler.

20

The accumulation vessel, according to the invention, has the feature that the top volume of the accumulation vessel is provided with a tap water coil for the use of hot water in living and living areas.

The tap water coil is provided with a copper pipe with an externally enlarged heating surface with an open structure, through which circulation water can flow more or less unhindered.

The tap water spiral, according to the invention, is characterized in that it is provided on the inside with a circulation jacket, whereby a circulation shaft 30 is created. The purpose of this is to achieve a natural circulation of hot and cooled circulation water in the circulation shaft. At the top, hot circulation water in the circulation shaft flows past the tap water coil. The hot circulation water cools over the tap water coil and the cooled circulation water drops down into the circulation shaft.

The object of this is to create a heat exchanger according to the cross and counterflow principle for optimum heat transfer from the circulating water to the hot water.

J01 05 4 6 5

Due to the natural circulation, according to the invention, of hot circulation water along the tap spiral, cold water flowing through the tap water coil is heated to hot and hot tap water.

In the outflow pipe of the tap spiral, according to the invention, there is provided a hot water tap for kitchen use and a tap water thermostat for hot water use for sanitary purposes.

The construction of a tap water coil in the upper volume according to the invention aims to obtain a water heater according to the flow-through and stock principle with an optimum yield of hot and hot water for kitchen use and for sanitary purposes in living and living areas.

In the circulation jacket of the circulation shaft, according to the invention, 15 slit-shaped perforations are provided, which are designed in such a way that cooled circulation water can flow out sideways from the circulation shaft to a corresponding temperature level of the layered temperature build-up of circulation water inside the accumulation vessel. This is intended to ensure that the natural circulation can function optimally and that the layered temperature structure is maintained.

The accumulation vessel, according to the invention, is characterized in that the bottom volume of the accumulation vessel is intended for the heating installation. That lower volume is alternately charged by the heat source (s) and discharged again by the 25 heat emission points.

The lower volume, according to the invention, is dimensioned such that, during the heating season, an average of two to three times per hour that lower volume is charged and discharged. This is intended to significantly reduce the number of burner circuits in the boiler, resulting in less boiler maintenance, extended service life and improved boiler efficiency.

The hot water heating system, according to the invention, is characterized in that the system of accumulation vessels has a modular design, that is to say, that the top and bottom volumes are dimensioned in such a way that it corresponds step by step to the current capacities of hot water installations and central heating systems. installations for living and living areas. The aim of this is to ensure that an optimal accumulation vessel is available for every desired combination of hot water capacity and central heating capacity.

The hot water heating system, according to the invention, is characterized in that, by using separate heating and radiator circuits, the heating installation can function optimally as a low water temperature system, aiming for the lowest possible return water temperature. The cooled circulation water of the low water temperature system is collected in layers in the bottom volume of the accumulation vessel. The volume of cooled circulation water is fed via the cold water outlet pipe to the heating source (s), with the aim of achieving an improvement in efficiency of that heating source (s).

The accumulation vessel, according to the invention, is characterized in that an expansion volume is provided at the top of the vessel for accumulating expansion water from the alternating heating and cooling of circulation water in the accumulation vessel and in the connected circuits. This is intended to allow the expansion volume to take over the function of the conventional expansion vessel.

The hot water heating system, according to the invention, is characterized in that the accumulation vessel, by means of the expansion volume, is the hydraulic zero point for all connected circulation circuits, so that any desired heat source can be connected universally.

1010546 7

The invention will now be further elucidated with reference to drawings and a number of exemplary embodiments.

Figure 1 shows a schematic overview of the hot water heating system according to the invention, including a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the accumulator vessel with several connected circuits, according to the invention.

Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional plan view of the accumulation vessel with inflow structures according to the invention, Figure 3 shows a side view in longitudinal section of the accumulation vessel with inflow structures complete with risers and downcomers, according to the invention. Figure 4 shows a side view in longitudinal section of the accumulation vessel with outflow constructions and a volume distribution in an expansion volume, an upper volume and a lower volume, according to the invention.

Figure 5 shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the accumulation vessel with a tap coil for hot tap water fitted in the top volume, complete with circulating jacket, according to the invention.

Figure 6 shows an overview of the various connection options for various sustainable and non-sustainable heat sources.

20

As can be seen in figure 1, in the hot water heating system 1, for living and living space heating, an accumulation vessel 11 is centrally arranged, to which one or more heating sources 2 and 3 for heating hot circulation water 4, are connected, multiple heat output points 5 and 6 25 for supplying heating heat through hot circulating water 4, a tap water coil 7 for heating cold tap water 8 to hot tap water 9 through hot circulating water 4, which circulates internally in the vessel according to the thermosiphon system, and a system of pipelines for the external circulation of hot water. and cooled circulation water 4 and 15 by means of 30 circulation pumps 29 to and from heat sources 2 and 3 and heat output points 5 and 6.

This accumulation vessel 11 is provided with at least one hot water inflow pipe 12 for the inlet into the accumulation vessel 11 of hot circulation water 4 from the heating source (s) 2 and 3, with a hot water outflow pipe 13 for the discharge of hot circulation water 4 from the accumulation vessel 11 to the heat output point (s) 5 and 6, with at least one cold water inflow line 14 for entering the accumulation vessel 11 of 1010546 8 cooled circulation water 15 from the heat output point (s) 5 and 6, and with a cold water outflow line 16 for discharge from the accumulation vessel 11 of cooled circulation water 15 to heating source (s) 2 and 3.

As can be seen in figures 2, 3, 4 and 5, the accumulation vessel 11 can be constructed as a sheet steel tank with a cylindrical hull 17 and two welded bottoms 18. The sheet steel tank can be arranged hanging or standing and is externally provided with an insulating jacket 19.

10 As can be seen in Figures 1, 2 and 3, after the hot water inflow pipes 12 and after the cold water inflow pipes 14, there are inflow structures 20 that convert the turbulent flow patterns in the connection circuits on the inflow pipes 12 and 14 into laminar flow patterns 21 and 22 inside the storage tank 11.

The inflow structures 20 mainly consist of two metal plates 23 and 24 placed one behind the other and provided with special hole patterns, wherein, viewed in the direction of flow, the perforations in the metal plates 23 have a different passage than that of the ones placed behind it metal plates 24. In this way, the velocity of the inflowing circulation water, which passes the two perforated metal plates 23 and 24, is reduced in two steps, such that the turbulent flow patterns in the inflow lines 12 and 14 are converted into laminar flow patterns 21 and 22 inside the storage tank 11.

The inflow structures 20 connect within the accumulation vessel 11 to risers 25 and downcomers 25 which are provided in the pipe wall with slit-shaped perforations 26, through which the circulation water can flow out at the top, at the bottom as well as at the side. A layered construction of various inflowing water temperatures can thus be achieved, hot circulation water at the top, cooled circulation water with the lowest temperature at the bottom and warm water in layers in between.

The risers and downcomers 25 are provided with a fine meshed mesh package 27 in which the resulting laminar flow patterns can be continued within the risers and downcomers 25.

In the riser and downpipes 25, inflowing hot circulation water 4 will rise and 35, inflowing cooled circulation water 15 will fall down. If one of the two temperature streams passes a corresponding temperature level along the way, that temperature stream will flow laterally through the perforation slots 9 to that respective temperature level, thereby optimally maintaining the layered temperature build-up.

As can be seen in Figures 1 and 4, the accumulation vessel 11 is provided with two outflow structures 13 and 16, which are derived from the positioning of the outflow pipes for hot, or hot, or cooled circulation water 4 or 15. The outflow structure 16 for discharging cooled circulation water 15 from the accumulation vessel 11 to the heating sources 2 and 3 is provided as the outflow opening 16 at the bottom of the accumulation vessel 11.

The outflow construction 13 for discharging hot circulation water 4 to heat emission points 5 and 6, or hot circulation water 4 to heat sources 2 and 3, is provided as an open insert pipe 30.

The length of the insert pipe 30 is determined by the volume distribution of the contents of the accumulation vessel 11 in an upper volume 31 and in a lower volume 32. The volume distribution of the upper and lower volumes 31 and 32 is determined by the power ratio of the hot water installation 7 and 9 and the heating installation 5 and 6 for a certain type of storage tank for a specific living and living space.

The top of the insertion pipe 30 is the natural interface 33 of the top and bottom volumes 31 and 32.

As can also be seen in Figures 1, 4 and 6, at the top of the accumulation vessel 11, an expansion volume 34 is provided for the accumulation and recovery of expansion water, which is a result of the regularly occurring temperature changes of the total volume of circulation water in the accumulator 11 and in the connected circuits.

The expansion volume is filled with a certain air volume 35.

The size of the expansion volume 34 is partly determined by the length of the open insert pipe 36, which is provided outside the accumulation vessel 11 with an automatic air vent 37.

The expansion volume 34 replaces the expansion vessel in the conventional hot water heating systems and is more efficient in function and maintenance.

Due to the expansion volume 34, the accumulation vessel 11 is the hydraulic zero point 38 for all connected circuits, enabling each connected circuit 35 to function optimally with its own independent volume flow and control.

101P546 10

As can also be seen in Figures 1 and 4, a closed insertion pipe 39 is provided at the top of the accumulation vessel 11 for inserting control thermostats for the temperature control of the circulation water in the upper and lower volume and for starting up the heat sources 2 and 3.

5

As can be seen in figures 1, 3, 4 and 5, the top volume 31 of the accumulation vessel 11 is provided with a tap water coil 7 for heating cold tap water 8 to hot tap water 9. The tap water coil 7 is externally provided with an increased heating surface 40 for an optimally large heat transfer from the hot circulation water 4 to the cold tap water 8.

The tap water coil 7 is provided on the inside with a circulation jacket 41, whereby a circulation shaft 42 is created for effecting natural circulation of the circulation water according to the thermosiphon system.

According to that thermosiphon system, hot circulation water 4 flows at the top into the circulation shaft 42, cools over the tap spiral 7 and the cooled circulation water 15 falls into the circulation shaft 42.

The circulation jacket 41 is provided with slit-shaped perforations 43 through which the cooled circulation water 15 can possibly flow laterally 20 to a corresponding temperature level in the layered temperature structure of the accumulation vessel.

The tap water coil is provided at the top of the accumulation vessel 11 with connecting pipes for the inflow of cold tap water 8 and for the outflow of hot tap water 9.

The connection pipe for hot tap water 9 is provided with a tap for hot water use in the kitchen and a tap water thermostat 10 for hot water use for sanitary purposes.

As can be seen in figure 6, various alternative and / or renewable energy sources can be connected universally to the accumulation vessel 11, directly or later. Alternative and / or renewable energy sources can be divided into: - Individual installations;

Collective installations.

Individual installations can be: 35 - Gas or oil-fired central heating boilers 2; - SOLAR installations 3 with water-circulating solar collectors; 1010546 11 - Heat pumps 43, based on house ventilation air, geothermal heat, heat from industrial waste water, or from surface water; - Heat and power coupling 44 with a hot gas engine.

Collective installations can be: 5 - Block heating 45, 46 or 47, where the storey houses are connected to a central boiler house and / or a CHP installation; - District heating 45, 46 or 47, whereby the homes in the district are connected to, for example, a waste heat installation or a STEG unit; io - District heating 45, 46 or 47, where the houses are connected to a distribution network of industrial waste heat from, for example, waste incineration or a power plant.

1010546

Claims (31)

1 2 Hot water heating system for use in living and living space heating, comprising one or more 5 heating units for heating circulating water, one or more heat output points for the circulation of heating heat through the circulation water, a system of pipelines for the circulation of the circulation water of the heating units towards and away from the 10 heat output points, characterized in that a collection vessel is provided in the system, with at least one hot water inflow pipe for the input into the vessel of heated water from the heating unit, with at least one hot water outflow pipe for the discharge of heated water from the collection vessel to the heat dispensing points, with at least one cold water inflow pipe for the input of cooled water from the heat dispensing points, and with at least one cold water discharge pipe for the discharge 20 of the chilled water vessel to the heating unit. 2. Hot water heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening of the cold water outlet pipe for the discharge of cooled water from the vessel to the heating unit is located in the lower part of the vessel. Hot water heating system according to claim 1 or 30 2, characterized in that the opening of the hot water outlet pipe for the discharge of heated water from the collection vessel to the heat dispensing points is located at a distance from the lower part of the vessel, more in the particularly mainly mid-height of the vessel or center of the vessel. Hot water heating system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the opening of the hot water inflow pipe for the introduction into the vessel of heated water from the heating unit is located above the opening in the vessel of the cold-5. water inlet pipe for the input of cooled water from the heat delivery points. Hot water heating system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that 10 or more risers and downcomers are arranged in the vessel. Hot water heating system according to claim 5, characterized in that the riser and fall pipe is arranged vertically in the vessel. 15 Hot water heating system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the riser and fall pipe opens into the lower part and into the upper part of the vessel. 20 Hot water heating system according to claim 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that the riser and fall pipe is provided with perforations, more particularly slit-shaped perforations. 25 Hot water heating system according to claim 5, 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that the riser and fall pipe is provided inside with a mesh package, more particularly a fine meshed mesh package. 30 Hot water heating system according to claim 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, characterized in that the hot water inflow pipe and the cold water inflow pipe in the vessel connect to the riser and down pipe. 35 11. Hot water heating system according to claim 10, characterized in that the hot water inflow pipe and the 1010546 cold water inflow pipe, where they connect to the riser and downpipe, are provided with means, by means of which the turbulent flow patterns in the pipe are converted into laminar flow pattern. inside the accumulation vessel. 12. Hot water heating system according to claim 11, characterized in that the means are formed by one or more perforated plates, such that the water flowing through these perforations passes the connection to the riser and downcomer. 13. Hot water heating system according to claim 12, characterized in that the hot water inflow pipe and the cold water inflow pipe at the location where these connect to the riser and down pipe are provided with at least two perforated plates placed one behind the other, wherein, viewed in the flow direction, the perforations in the first plate have a different passage than the 20 perforations in the plate placed behind it. Warm water heating system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a hot water pipe is passed through the upper part of the vessel. 15. Hot water heating system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a cylinder is arranged in the vessel, the outer wall of which is located at a distance from the inner wall of the vessel. 16. Hot water heating system according to claim 15, characterized in that the hot water pipe is located in the space between the outer wall of the cylinder and the inner wall of the vessel. Hot water heating system according to claim 15 or 1010548 1 5 16, sooty the characteristic, the cylinder is provided with perforations. A hot water heating system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the storage cooling vessel is formed by a sheet steel tank which is intended to be arranged upright or suspended. A hot water heating system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hot water outflow pipe for the output of hot circulation water from the accumulation vessel to the heat output points is located at the bottom of the accumulation vessel, and is designed as an insert pipe of a certain length, which corresponds to a certain volume distribution of the vessel, in accordance with the power ratio of the hot water and central heating installation. 20 25 1010546 20. Hot water heating system for use in living and living space heating, comprising a heat source, such as a central heating boiler, for the heating of hot circulating water, multiple heat emission points, such as radiators, for supplying heating heat, through the circulating water, to the residential and living areas and a system of pipelines for the circulation of circulation water to and from the heat source and the heat emission points, characterized in that the system is provided with an accumulation vessel with an integrated tap water heating system for the use of hot water for sanitary purposes. and kitchen use in the living and living areas. The hot water heating system according to claim 20, characterized in that the accumulation vessel is provided with at least one hot water inflow pipe for the introduction into the accumulation vessel of hot circulation water from the heating source (s), with a hot water outflow pipe for the discharge of hot circulation water from the accumulation vessel to the heat output points, with at least one cold water inlet pipe for the input of, from the heat output points, cooled cold circulation water, and with a cold-water outlet pipe for the discharge from the accumulation vessel of cooled cold circulation water to the heat source (s). 22) The hot water heating system according to claim 21, characterized in that the opening of the cold water outlet pipe, for discharge from the accumulation vessel of cooled cold circulation water to the heat sources), is located at the bottom of the vessel. 23) The hot water heating system according to claim 21, characterized in that the opening of the hot water inflow pipe for the introduction into the accumulation vessel of hot circulation water from the heat source (s) is located on the side of the vessel, above the opening of the cold water inflow pipe for the introduction into the vessel of cooled circulating water from the heat delivery points. 1010546 24. The hot water heating system according to claim 21, characterized in that the opening of the hot water outflow pipe, for the discharge of hot circulating water from the accumulation vessel to the heat output points, is located at the bottom of the vessel, more particularly substantially in the middle of the vessel by means of the insert pipe, as an extension of the hot water outlet pipe. The hot water heating system according to claims 21 and 23, characterized in that the hot and cold water inflow pipes are provided with inflow constructions, which, in particular, consist of two perforated plates, such that the circulation water flowing through is reduced in speed and that the turbulent flow patterns in the flowing circulation water are converted into laminar flow patterns. 15 The hot water heating system according to claim 25, characterized in that at least one vertical riser fall pipe is arranged in the accumulation vessel, which connects to the inflow structures of the hot and cold water inflow pipes. 2η) The hot water heating system according to claim 26, characterized in that the riser and fall pipe in the wall is provided with perforations, more in particular slit-shaped perforations. 28) The hot water heating system according to claim 25, characterized in that the riser and fall pipe is internally provided with a mesh package, more in particular a fine meshed mesh package. 29. The hot water heating system according to claims 20, 21 and 24, characterized in that the contents of the accumulation vessel, at the height of the top level of the insert pipe of the hot water outlet pipe, are divided into two independently functioning volumes, more so special, in a lower volume and in an upper volume. The hot water heating system according to claims 20 m 29, characterized in that a lap water coil is provided in the top volume of the accumulation vessel for heating cold tap water to hot and 1010546 '18 hot tap water for sanitary purposes and kitchen use in residential areas. and living spaces. 31. The hot water heating system according to claim 30, characterized in that the tap water spiral is provided with a circulation jacket, more particularly a circulation shaft for generating a natural circulation flow of hot circulation water over the tap water spiral. 32. The hot water heating system according to claim 31, characterized in that the circulation jacket of the circulation shaft is provided with perforations, more in particular slit-shaped perforations. 33. The hot water heating system according to the preceding claims, characterized in that a layered structure is obtained in the accumulation vessel of inflowing hot, hot and cold circulating water, resulting in hot circulating water at the top, cooled circulating water at the bottom and warm circulating water in between layers. 34. The hot water heating system according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the accumulation vessel can also function well as a solar boiler for a connected solar installation. The hot water heating system according to the preceding claims, characterized in that an expansion volume is provided at the top of the accumulation vessel for accumulating and recovering expansion water from the vessel and from the connected installations. 36. The hot water heating system according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the accumulation vessel, by means of the expansion volume, is the hydraulic zero point of the connected installations, so that all those installations can function independently of each other. 35 1010546