NL1007079C1 - Portable hoist system with ballasted crane - Google Patents

Abstract

All the modular components can be packed in standard 10, 20, 30 or 40 foot freight containers

Description

Title: Demountable lifting and lifting devices and associated lifting methods and lifting systems.

The invention relates to a strict modular system of devices that can be mounted and dismantled relatively quickly and easily for hoisting, lifting and moving very heavy and bulky loads at locations, which may or may not be difficult to reach for the hitherto known and conventional lifting equipment, lifting methods and lifting systems.

The present invention is based on at least one lifting mast and possibly at least one counterweight, wherein the mast (s) can be variably designed according to the needs in concept and dimensions, both in cross-section and in length.

Any necessary counterweight is also assembled on site, in proportion to the load to be lifted.

Based on the balance between load and variable counterweight, very heavy and bulky loads up to 20, even large lifting heights can be lifted.

The hoisting and lifting devices to be included in the present invention can be assembled entirely from modules which do not exceed the dimensions of conventional 10, 20 and 40-foot freight containers, as is customary in containerized freight transport, or in various container versions (also " open top "or" flat bed ") can be packaged.

This makes the transport and handling of the present dismantled hoisting devices 30 possible with the means of transport available everywhere for container transport, and transport by water, by land and possibly even by air 1007079 2 becomes simple and relatively cheap.

Since these present hoisting devices are based on as many equal, interchangeable, standardized units as possible, such as the masts, mast base structures, the hoisting, lifting and displacement units, the foundations, etc., the hoisting devices in question are: = a = easy to adapt to the nature of the load and the work location.

= b = to be assembled and disassembled in a relatively simple and orderly manner.

= c = to be packaged in such a way that these devices as a whole can be regarded as a load of common freight containers, which can be handled and transported practically anywhere in the world by suitable means by water and land and even by air. .

= d = to be assembled into various mast configurations, consisting of the aforementioned modules in accordance with a construction set.

20 = e = can be combined with a possibly associated platform or foundation, also flexible and hinged, and functioning as such, so that a reasonably firm, but not necessarily perfectly flat surface is required.

25 = f = To be mounted on one or more floating pontoons present on location, so that the towing of an entire lifting or hoisting installation, for example a floating trestle, can be omitted.

The displacement units, consisting of multiple wheel sets and / or sled shoe constructions, are connected to the mast feet in an adjustable horizontal plane so that the lifting and hoisting devices in question can move in a circular, arcuate path under maximum load.

The platform / foundation elements ("partitions") are connected "hinged", so that they do not have to absorb large bending moments, if the surface is not completely flat or has not become completely flat due to the so-called "setting" of the surface .

The application of a modular system based on container dimensions for lighter and smaller hoisting devices, such as construction cranes, has long been known according to US patent 4,016,974, characterized in units of container dimensions, consisting of longitudinal beams and cross-ties for assembling mast parts.

However, not applicable for the "packaging" of the 15 other crane units, so that during transport there is special transport, which in many cases requires permits and special guidance and in other cases is practically and / or economically impossible due to a lack of sufficient infrastructure, such as in less-20 accessible and less-developed areas.

The use of refillable counterweights is already known, inter alia, according to US patent 3,921,815, characterized in that hollow tanks or containers belonging to the hoisting device, which can be filled with, for instance, seawater. In the present invention, the counterweight does not have to belong to the hoisting or lifting device.

Field-fillable and stackable units, such as locally available containers or "sandbags", are useful for this purpose because one or more reinforced base-ballast containers are used to carry the on-site application 1007079 4 necessary ballast.

The said basic ballast containers, together with the supporting construction, which can be assembled at any height, form the frame within which and on which the desired amount of ballast related to the load 5 can be applied.

The use of multiple displacement options, such as rectilinear displacements and circular movements at adjustable distances, is unknown with the usual hoisting devices.

The hoisting devices which have been customary up to now are limited in their design with regard to the above, the more so because they often use a relatively heavy substructure in the form of a high turntable with a large diameter, on which the cranes are mounted by means of a system of wheels or rollers. can swing 15.

All this requires thorough preparation and great accuracy in the choice and construction of the foundation, also in view of the prevailing soil conditions.

As a result, hoisting orders, in particular in less accessible and developed areas, cannot be carried out economically in an acceptable manner with these known installations.

The displacements and the movements of the present hoisting devices can be stepwise or continuous, while the displacements and the movements in the horizontal plane are nevertheless rigid, because the platform in the horizontal plane is absolutely bend-rigid by means of a chain construction.

The operation and control and / or control 30 can take place entirely by hand, or in whole or in part via electronic and hydraulic circuits 1007079.

Computers and PLCs and even remote control by telemetry are possible.

Details, applications and methods of some hoisting and lifting devices belonging to the present invention will be described descriptively with reference to Figures I to XI.

It is expressly stated that embodiments other than those shown in Fig. I to XI based on the principles of the invention are included in the present invention.

Figures 1 to 1-3 show views of a hoist constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention.

Fig. II-1 to II-8 schematically show some basic concepts of applicable carrying and propelling devices for the hoisting devices built according to the principles of the present invention. Fig. III-1 to III-9 show practical lifting and lifting device concepts based on the present invention.

It is expressly stated here that these are only some practicable examples.

Figures IV-1 to IV-3 show in detail a mast element as an example for a retractable, transportable and quickly mountable and demountable mast part, as well as the basic ballast container.

Fig. V shows an embodiment based on a round tube construction, wherein for the kink reinforcement of the round tube construction, a dismountable kite construction consisting of tubes and / or cables has been chosen.

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Fig. VI shows a possible embodiment of the sled shoe construction, in this case designed as a mast support.

Figures VII-1 to VII-4 show details of a possible platform concept, with a possible gutter construction attached to it.

Fig. VIII is a composite drawing of the top section of a lifting mast.

Figures IX-1 to IX-3 show the hoisting unit of the so-called "beach-jack" principle.

Figures X-1 to X-6 show an embodiment of the ballast arrangement and the lift unit of the ballast coupled to the double cam rod.

Figures 1 to 1-3 show views of a hoist constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention.

Fig. I-1 shows a side view and a front view of a hoisting device constructed according to the principles of the present invention.

20 The A-frame single lifting mast 1, consisting of the masts 1a and 1b, also called main masts, which are connected at the foot 3 by a connecting construction 4 and at the top by the top piece 5, and the ones here for clarity single-shown ballast mast 2, also called rear mast, are hingedly connected together with the demountable mast foot construction 3.

The lengthwise variable strut 6 together with the hoisting element 7 forms the connection between the top piece 5 of the lifting mast 1 and the top piece 8 of the rear mast 2.

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Because the length of the strut 6 is variable in length by means of the hoisting element 7, the angle 9 can be adjusted, because the hoisting mast 1 and the rear mast 2 are hingedly connected at the location of the hinge 10, 10a and 10b, respectively, which are constructed horizontally.

The ballast 11 is also equipped with a rear sled shoe construction 12.

The ballast 11 to be adapted to the need is connected to the ballast lifting unit 15 by means of a ballast frame 13 and the ballast cable 14.

The load 16 -, explicitly drawn as an example as a very heavy and bulky cylinder, hinged at the bottom on a multiple wheel set or carriage 17 and hinged in a hoisting block 18 corresponding to the load weight, is attached to a load rope 19. hoisting unit, which may or may not be intermittent, and which can be blocked 7.

An intermittently operating blockable hoisting unit 7 is also referred to in the technical jargon as wire rope jack or strand-20 jack.

As far as safety is concerned, between the mast or main mast 1 and the ballast mast or rear mast 2, sloping multiple hydraulic buffer cylinders 20 (also called "boom stops") 25 can be placed, in the exceptional case that the mast 1 unintentionally moves backwards.

The buffer cylinders 20 are directed via the cable wires 21 to the catch 22, which is mounted on the main mast 1.

Fig. I-2 shows a top view of a hoisting device according to Fig. I-1 according to the principles of the present invention, wherein the displacement can be a pivot or a rotation, in which case, for example, 1007079 8 is made double.

The lifting mast 1, 1a and 1b, respectively, is coupled at the hinge 10, 10a and 10b, respectively, to the balllasting mast 2, 2a and 2b, respectively.

The mast foot construction 3, 3a and 3b, respectively, is supported on a platform 23, consisting of partitions, provided with circular tracks.

The ballast 11, 11a and 11b, respectively, is also supported on platform 23.

The course of the strut 6, 6a and 6b, respectively, has been visualized, as have the connecting constructions 4 and 24.

Fig. I-3 shows a top plan view of a hoist constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention, wherein the displacements may be a pivot or a rotation, the control container 25 and the drive unit 26 each having not shown in detail associated sliding shoes and rigid coupling rods 27, 28, 29, 30, which slide along the same 20 circular paths on the platform 23, regardless of the direction of movement.

Figures II-1 to II-8 schematically show some basic concepts of applicable carrying and propulsion devices for the hoists built according to the principles of the present invention.

Fig. II-1 schematically shows a hoist, according to the principles of the present invention, which can rotate about any point 31 over concentric circular paths 32, 33, 34, while the circular path 35 is not concentric.

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The load 36 moves to position 36 ", while the ballast 37 moves to 37".

The crane masts 38 and 39 are coupled at the location of the mast supports 40 and 41 and move to 5 respectively 38 ', 39' and 40 ', 41'.

Fig. II-2 schematically shows a hoisting device, according to the principles of the present invention, wherein the ballast and the mast supports are movable over the same track or tracks, respectively.

Both the load 36 and the ballast 42 and the schematic hoisting device at the location of the supports 40 and 41 rotate again around one and the same center 31.

After swinging over ninety degrees, positions 36 ", 40", 41 "and 42" are reached.

Fig. II-3 schematically shows a hoisting device built up according to the principles of the present invention, wherein the load 43 and the ballast 44 can move along a circular path 47 in order to remain in the available space between two obstacles 45 and 46.

The load 43 is "topped" to 43 "and the ballast 44 is" topped "to 44".

The rail rotates in the desired position via the rail 47, with the load 43 in the position 43 '' and the ballast 44 in the position 44 * ', after which it is "topped" to the 25 positions 43' '' and the ballast to position 44 '' '.

In Fig. II-4 this is shown in side view, where it can be seen that the ballast 44 is provided with a schematically slidable coupling piece 48, which can be slid over the rod 48 and can be blocked.

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Fig. II-5 schematically shows a hoist built up according to the principles of the present invention, wherein as described in the explanation of Fig. II-3, the whole revolves around one and the same point 50 in congested situations, also with the aim avoid obstacles 46 and 47.

In Fig. II-6, this is shown in side view, wherein the pivot point 50 is visible at the location of a sled shoe construction.

Figures II-7 are shown in plan view, so that the rotation around the ballast is visible.

Fig. II-8 shows a side view of the situation shown in Fig. II-6.

Fig. II-9 schematically shows a hoisting device built up according to the principles of the present invention, showing in top view a possible carrying and propelling device with regard to rectilinear movements on the basis of a sled shoe construction, which, after lifting, is rotatable to a vertical axis.

The straight parallel path pairs 51, 52 consisting of the lanes 51a, 51b and 52a, 52b, and the straight single auxiliary tracks 52 and 53 are shown schematically.

The auxiliary tracks 52 and 53 change to tracks 51b, 52a and 52b at locations 54, 55 and 56 with so-called switches.

25 There is also a substitution at position 57.

The schematic crane devices 58, 58 'and 58' '' represent three positions.

The direction of movement of the device shown schematically as a rectangle is moved in the direction indicated by an arrow 1007079 11

The sliding or rotatable wheel supports 59, 60, 61 and 62, schematically drawn, undergo position changes, which are indicated with an accent. 5 Due to the sketched movement, the load not shown undergoes a rotation of ninety degrees and a displacement.

When wheel support 61 has arrived at switch 57, the wheel supports 61 can be placed on track 52a, 59 on auxiliary track 51b and 62 on auxiliary track 53.

Next, support 59 in 55 can be placed on track 52a, support 60 in 63 on track 52b, and support 62 in 56 on track 52b.

For clarity, it should be noted that the 15 wheel supports can even rotate 360 degrees.

Fig. II-10 shows a different configuration of movements for the same purpose as shown in Fig. II-9.

The schematically drawn slewing or rotating wheel supports 59, 60, 61 and 62 undergo 20 position changes, which are indicated with an accent. Due to the sketched movement, the not drawn load undergoes a rotation of ninety degrees and a displacement.

Circular tracks 64 and 65 are also described here by the wheel supports 59 and 61 which can be swiveled or rotated. The direction of movement of the device shown schematically as a rectangle is moved in the direction indicated by an arrow

The switches 66 and 67 function as in Fig. II-9.

Track 68 is a straight track, as shown.

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Fig. III-1 to III-11 show practical hoist installation configurations based on the present invention. It is expressly stated here that these are only a few examples, showing the flexible deployability of the available modular construction box units the size of conventional containers.

The schematically drawn lifting masts, ballast masts and various intermediate and auxiliary masts speak for themselves, as do the thinly drawn cables and / or cable strands.

Fig. III-1 shows an embodiment in which work is carried out with a traverse 71 placed on the main mast 70 and a ballast weight 72, which can be refilled from containers, to which the ballast mast 73 and also the guy wires 74 and 75 are attached.

Fig. III-2 shows an embodiment with a second pressure-loaded auxiliary mast 76.

All masts are optionally double or not, optionally in combination with lifting means, which are not specified in more detail, with which they can be adjusted relative to each other about the common point 77.

Figures III-3 show an embodiment on a floating, possibly also container unit pontoon 78, in which a part-platform can be mounted on deck 79.

The pontoon 78 can also serve as ballast by ballasting certain tanks or container units, for example with water.

Fig. II-4 shows a possible arrangement of masts, while it is arranged on a quay 80, possibly on one

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13 increase not indicated.

Three hoisting places 81, 82 and 83 are available.

Fig. III-5 shows a side view of an exemplary embodiment with three masts, which are all double, namely: the vertical lifting mast 85, 85a and 85b respectively, the sloping ballast mast 86 (86a, 86b) and the top mast 87 (87a , 87b), provided with two lifting locations 88 and 89, with which a long load 90, slightly above the center of gravity 91, can be gripped, lifted and brought into the desired position using a relatively "small" lifting device.

It goes without saying that between the masts 85, 86 and 87 sufficient cross-connections are provided.

The lifting means are not shown in more detail, while the ballast weight 92 and the vertical hoisting mast 85 are placed schematically coupled on the sled shoe constructions 93 and 94.

Fig. III-6 shows a side and front view 20 of the principle embodiment of Fig. 1, wherein the main boom 95, 95a and 95b, respectively, and the jib boom 96, 96a and 96b, respectively, may be multi-assembled; together with auxiliary masts 97 and 98 and guy wires 99.

The "jib" embodiment here consists of a horizontal connecting mast part 100, through which the lifting masts 95a and 95b are coupled, which are subsequently connected to the top part 102 by means of a coupling piece 101.

With the adjustable strut 103 the optic angle 104 can be changed, among other things.

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Fig. 11-7 shows a side view of a principle embodiment, in which the double lifting mast 105 consists of a plurality of three mast sections 106 coupled together, on which a jib 107 is placed for extra height and / or 5 reach and as a carrier of a second lifting option.

The double rear mast 107 consists of a plurality of two mast sections 106 coupled side by side.

The ballast top 108 is provided with a hinged connecting piece 107, in which and through which a rod 109 is attached.

The ballast bar provided with ballast sled shoes 110 is attached to the ballast bar 109, so that for an extremely high height and an extremely large reach, the lifting mast 105 can assume corresponding positions, while the rear mast 107 can also take corresponding positions.

The two masts 105 and 107 are carried together by a double-shaped movable multiple-sleigh shoe construction 112, so that with the 20 double-ballast-sleeved shoes 110, too, the whole can be pressed in and out stepwise, all this supported on a rectilinear path 113, which can transition in an unspecified circular path, so that the whole can also rotate.

A second higher lifting option 114 is available here.

Fig. III-8 shows a lifting embodiment for lifting long tubular structures 115, such as windmills, etc., as shown in Dutch patent application 1 004 066, but related to the present invention, wherein the lifting mast 116 lies on the ground 117 and resting on the blocked sled shoe construction 118.

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The rear mast 119 is placed vertically on the sled shoe construction 118, such that it remains supported in the vertical position by the auxiliary mast 120. The hoisting load 115 is visible in a partially raised position, the underside visible on the ground 117 and between the sled shoe construction 118 is hinged. The hoisting wires 121 are connected to the ballast 122, which is connected by a kink-rigid rod 123 to the sled shoe construction 118.

Fig. III-9 shows a different configuration of masts, in which a heavy load 124 is raised lying on the carrying mast 125, by pulling the sled shoe construction 126 stepwise or uniformly to the sled shoe construction 128 anchored to the ground 127, so that the dotted situation 129 arises, in which the load is vertical and can be placed on its desired foundations, possibly since the entire installation, in the erected position, can be moved to a desired destination by means of the sled shoe constructions.

20 In short: various designs are logically conceivable, depending on the location, the load to be moved, the handling and accessibility and the permitted space.

Figures IV-1 to 3 show in detail a mast element as an example for a retractable, transportable and quickly mountable and demountable mast part, as well as the ballast container.

Fig. IV-1 shows a lifting mast element 130 and a transported retracting rear mast element 131, which are respectively mountable to an erectable 1 0 0 ((ci 16 lifting mast and an erectable rear mast / both as shown, for example, in Fig. 1-1.

The lifting mast element 130 has a largest size according to a standard container, but smaller dimensions are also included in the invention, provided that they fit singly or in multiples within a maximum size of a freight container customary in the transport sector.

All mast elements 130 and 131 are provided with precisely flattened identical mounting surfaces 132, 133, 134 and 135.

10 A detachable strut has been fitted near a mounting surface for both retractable masts. For the mast element 130 this is strut 136 and for mast element 131 this is strut 137, so that after mounting at each mounting surface 132, 133 and 134, 135, one strut bandage is formed.

Fig. IV-2 show detail enlargements of an embodiment of the connection between two mast elements, as well as the locking of the frame with twist-locks to be fitted, which serves to make the mast part accessible for container transport.

The connecting plate 138 makes the connection between the mast elements 139 and 140, both of which are provided with specially assembled tubular profiles 141. The chosen composite rounded profile 141 provides an extremely high moment of inertia, because the center of gravity of the cross section is very far out.

The other common profiles, compared to other common box and tube profiles, provide optimal use of the material in addition to the required possibilities for fixing truss bars and coupling methods.

An additional fact is that in this way a greater free space has been obtained within the truss, which makes it possible for 1007079 17 to make optimum use of the mast in the container application with regard to the degree of loading, including for the transport of auxiliary mast parts, etc. to the maximum permitted weight.

The mast parts 139 and 140 can be closed with flat plates or tarpaulins for transport or for use as a ballast container, if not necessary for the mast construction.

The connecting plate 138 is provided on both sides 142 and 143 with identical filling plates 144 for filling the box profile 141. The round connecting holes 145 and 146 are intended for the detachable fixings of the connecting plate 138 with the mast element 139 and the mast element 140.

15 One of the round connecting holes 145 or 146 could also be designed as a slotted hole (= twist-lock), so that it would have a double function, namely: securing the mast element 139 and 140 and during transport as a container lock according to the container standard -20 ring dimensions.

Fig. IV-2 also shows the container attachment 147, if the slotted hole indicated above is not the case. The "twist-lock" 148 is arranged in the appropriate container attachment 147.

The connection of the container attachment 147 to the mast element 139 or 140 takes place at the location of the round connecting holes 145 and 146 by means of the mounting plate 149 connected to the container attachment 147.

The quick-change locking pins in high-quality steel quality are not specified.

Tubular round, rectangular or otherwise modular elements, characterized in that they are retractable, also fall within the scope of the present invention with respect to the mast designs.

Various methods are available in the art for mutually kink-rigid connection and compression force locking of the hollow elements.

5 For shorter required masts it is possible to use the remaining mast parts as ballast, filled with sand, water, gravel, boulders or otherwise.

The mast part with an open structure to be used for ballast can simply serve as a supporting frame for bags and the like, which can be filled with sand, water, stones and the like.

Fig. IV-3 shows a possible embodiment of the base-ballast container 150 also provided with the locking holes, also called "twist-lock adapters", fitted in 151, 152, 153 and 154 according to the container standardization dimensions.

As a result, no auxiliary frame needs to be fitted for transport, as is the case with the mast parts described earlier.

The side plates 155 and 156 each have rod mounting pins 157 and 158 to connect the ballast container 150 to the unspecified ballast tip.

Fig. V shows an embodiment on the basis of a round tube construction, wherein for the buckling reinforcement 25 of the round tube construction, a dismountable kite construction 161 and 162 consisting of bars 160 has been chosen.

As an example, the ballast 163 is also made in the same, now fillable, pipe parts 163 and 164 as the parts 165 and 166, from which the mast is built.

The complete hoisting installation in Fig. V can be moved linearly hydraulically in steps by means of the

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19 sled shoe construction 167 over a sliding track 168 placed on bulkheads, over which the ballast 163 is shifted, whether or not simultaneously, by means of the double-spaced mast 169.

The present invention also includes continuously movable support structures, whether or not hydraulically advanced.

The tubular round, rectangular or other shaped mast elements are provided with means 170 on which the 10 kite constructions 161 and 162 can be mounted and which are also used for attaching twist-locks in retracted position to the freight containers standard.

Cross members 171 and 172 are also applied by means of means 170.

Fig. VI shows a possible embodiment of the sled shoe construction, in this case designed as a mast support.

The hoisting mast and ballast mast, not shown in Fig. VI, are both hingedly connected in pivot point 173 to the mast yoke 174, which is carried by two wedge-shoe constructions 175 and 176 and 177 and 178, placed one behind the other, which are otherwise identical. Depending on the load to be carried on the available ground surface, a plurality of sled-shoe constructions next to and behind each other can be chosen.

For example, the center of the sled shoe construction 175 is mounted via a hydraulic double-acting cylinder 179 constituting it, so that even under full load the entire shoe construction 175 allows a large rotation or rotation about the vertical axis 180.

Also, with the aid of the hydraulic cylinders 179 '1 00 70 79 20 and a constant oil pressure setting, terrain unevenness and settlements of the ground are largely compensated for in height. The sled shoe constructions under the ballast container are also provided with cylinders 179.

The operating unit and the drive unit, preferably in containers from Fig. I-3, are also on simple sled shoes.

The operating unit and the driving unit of Fig. II form, as it were, a closed "chain" with the rest, so that they are carried along in appropriate directions of movement.

The previously discussed change of a straight movement is allowed by the cylinder 179.

If the mast yoke 174 15 is lifted over a sufficient distance by means of the mast yoke 174 by means of the cylinders 179, then is tucked up to that height, then the sled shoe constructions can be pulled up by means of the cylinder 179 and rotated in any desired position and be returned to that position. lowered.

The soles 181 and 182 have extremely smooth undersides 183 and 184.

On the undersides 183 and 184 the shoes 181 and 182 slide forcibly through unspecified step cylinders, in a trough constructions 185 and 186.

The trough constructions 185 and 186 are releasably mounted on the schematically shaded platform 187, as described in more detail with reference to Fig. VII.

Figures VII-1 to VII-4 show details of the platform, 30 with possible gutter constructions mounted thereon.

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Fig. VII-1 is a top plan view of a portion of the platform 187 as it is placed on a fairly flat and fairly pressure resistant surface.

It is clearly visible that the sides 188 of the foundation plates or partitions 189 extend conically in the direction of a specific unspecified center. If the bulkheads 189 with the longest front side are laid alternately, a straight track is created.

By means of frog plates 191 and horizontal pin connections, not further specified, both the foundation plates 189 and the rail parts 192 are held together in such a way that some settlement is allowed.

The rail parts 192 can accept the vertical nature of the unevenness and groundings acceptably.

Compared to conventional foundation systems, often based on hydraulically stamped high turntables, the present foundation is light in weight and much less bulky and transportable in containers because of the relatively small dimensions.

Fig. VII-2 shows a top view and side view of the rail parts.

The platform parts 189 are provided with sliding plates 193 of good sliding material, such as Teflon.

Fig. VI-3 shows a top view and a side view of an embodiment of a rail.

The rail parts 194 are coupled together near the rail ends 195 by means of sturdy links 196, which are mounted releasably via the holes 197 and 198.

The rail parts 194 and 195 are frequently provided with firmly attached hooking irons 199, which are spaced 1007079 22 according to the stroke of the displacement cylinder 200.

By means of the cylinder rod attachment 201, the cylinder 200 is coupled to the sled shoe construction (not shown).

The entire lifting and hoisting installation can be set in motion and blocked by means of the hook 202, which is carried on the same side on both sides, with the carrying lip 203 for moving the sled shoe construction to the right and 204 for moving the sled shoe construction to the left.

The manual hook handle 204 shown here has three positions, namely: a) the drawn position, the vertical position.

b), the hook 202 sliding by means of the bevel 205 over the hook-on iron 199 and the third position.

c), with the handle 204 lying to the right such that the bevel 206 slides over the hook iron 133 and then snaps at the sled construction passage to the left.

The hook-on construction, as described, is made on both sides of the rail track and the handles 204 are connected to each other by means of a shaft 207.

It goes without saying that the operation of the handles 204 can be effected automatically from the control room.

The cylinder rocker 208 allows for slight variations in the vertical plane.

The entire pull / push unit is provided with two wheels 209, which can roll over the rail parts 194.

Fig. VII is a composite drawing of the top section at the height of the top of the lifting mast.

The top piece 210 is the upper detachable and mountable part of the lifting mast, not otherwise shown.

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Essential for this set-up is the interplay of forces and the additional lifting height obtained.

All occurring forces, such as load forces through the cables 211, forces through the cam rod 212, gravity 5, etc., pass through one and the same cam point 213, so that no bending moments occur during the lifting or moving of loads.

The only bending moments arise when erecting the masts from a horizontal position, but these can be reduced statically and considerably by supporting halfway in the so-called "erecting".

The extra lifting height is obtained by placing the lifting unit in its entirety at the top, so that less lifting cable length is also required.

The hoisting unit 214 of Fig. 1 is provided with a mounting platform 215, as well as a vertical cylinder 216, which ensures that the hoisting unit 214 remains vertical if there are no forces in the hoisting cables 211 or if the hoisting cables 211 are not present.

The vertical cylinder 216 can be depressurized if sufficient vertical forces act on the hoisting unit 214.

The hoisting cable bundle 211 is connected to the load via the hoisting unit 214 on one side and free-hanging downwards on the other side as an open end.

Figures IX-1 to IX-3 show the lifting unit on the so-called "beach-jack" principle.

The load-bearing single cables 217, indicated by the centerline, are located at the bottom of FIG. IX-1, while coming out unloaded and free-hanging at the top of the lifting unit 18.

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The hoisting unit 18 basically consists of a lower anchor plate 218, a hydraulically actuable feed-through section 219 and an upper anchor plate 220.

The anchor plates 218 and 220 are provided with the largest possible number of corresponding feed-through channels 221 and 222.

The lower feed-through channels 221 are all provided at the top of the lower anchor plate 218 with exposed hollow conical multi-part lead-throughs 223 with a hollow lead-through dimension according to the thickness of the hoisting rope 217. The top feed-through channels 222 are also provided with hollow conical multi-part lead-through 224 with also a hollow feedthrough according to the thickness of the hoisting rope 217.

The hydraulically actuable lead-through section 219 is hollow on the inside 225, so that the cable guiding tubes 226 can guide the cables 217 freely when passing the cables 217.

The chambers 227 and 228 of the double-acting hydraulic portion of the lead-through portion 219 are positioned so that the largest chamber - that is, 227 - is on the load side, so that the greatest force is applied to the unspecified load.

As soon as the schematically indicated piston 229 goes upwards, the exposed hollow conical lead-throughs 223 are pulled upwards from the lower anchor plate 218, possibly almost to the bottom sides 230 of the cable guiding tubes 226.

Almost because springs 231 are still placed between the lead-throughs 223 and the bottom sides 230, which want to push the lead-throughs 223 lightly into their seats, so that the lead-throughs 223 do not fall out if no cables 217 are placed.

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The cables 217 can now go up freely, while the conical lead-throughs 224 pull the cables 217 up tightly clamped by their conical clamping tension.

All this, until the piston 229 lowers again and the 5 conical lead-throughs 223 return to their seats and anchor firmly around the cables 217.

Once the conical lead-throughs 217 are stuck in their seats and the piston 229 goes further down, the top conical lead-throughs 224 "unload" and can go up freely toward the bottom sides 232 of the cable guiding tubes 233.

Fig. IX-2 shows another cross-section over the hoisting unit 18, which shows, inter alia, that the upper and lower anchor plates 220 and 218 are identical and that they are provided with two identical cylinders 234 and two also identical cylinders 235, which are screwed to the upper anchor plate 220 and to the lower anchor plate 218, respectively.

The cylinders 234 are supported on the upper pipe light plate 236 and the cylinders 235 are supported on the lower pipe light plate 237. The movements of the anchor plates 218 and 220 are guided straight through the straight guides 238 and 239, respectively.

The operation of the cylinders only takes place when the heavy load is lowered.

The tensioned cables 217 are in principle held at standstill by the bottom anchor plate 218 through the conical lead-throughs 223. As soon as the conical lead-throughs 224 are lifted out of their seats via the top cylinders 234 via the top rod plate 236, the cylinder 219 can be lowered, causing the load to drop.

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As soon as the piston 229 is back in its lowest drawn position, the cylinder 219 and the plate 236 are commanded to lower, so that the load also drops until the piston 229 is again at the top and the above is repeated again.

5 These step-by-step lifting and lowering methods are extremely reliable and require less cable length because the free-hanging section can be short.

Fig. IX-3 shows a top view of the hoisting unit 18, showing the arrangement and the number of cylinders 234, 10 and 235, respectively.

X-1 to X-6 illustrate an embodiment of the ballast arrangement and the ballast lift unit 240 coupled to the double cam 5, 5a and 5b of Fig. 1, respectively. The lift unit 240 is identical to the lift unit 18 of the lifting mast 1, only the position is in the direction of the cam rod 5. The so-called "topping" of the lifting mast 1 takes place by means of the lifting unit 240.

The forces through the top 241, through the lift unit 240 and through the ballast arrangement 242 all pass through the coupling point 243, so that no bending moment action can be involved.

Fig. X-2 and Fig. X-3 show as an example an embodiment of a ballast configuration, consisting of four previously depicted coupled base-ballast containers.

With the ballast yoke 244 and container length or in proportions thereof, carrying bars 245, the ballast configuration is carried as shown. The whole is basically on the ground by means of 30 aforementioned shoe constructions and foundation elements.

1007079 27

The ballast yoke 244 is coupled by means of sturdy yoke rods 246 to the lower ballast screw 247, which in turn is connected by means of a cable strand or solid rod 248 to an upper ballast screw 249.

5 The lower and upper ballast screws 247 and 249 are identical, but mounted upside down.

The divided rods 250 and 251 again have a container length and form a rigid connection between the stop platform 252 and the ballast yoke 244.

If the connection 248 consists of a cable strand, in the event of accidental falling back or "capping" of the ballast mast, the ballast mast can be stopped by the stop platform 252.

Figures X-4 to X-6 show views and partial cross-sections of the lower ballast jack 247 in its environment.

Fig. X-4 is a top view of the ballast yoke 244, schematically showing the yoke rods 246 and the ballast screw 247 concentrated in a collection point 248.

Fig. X-5 shows a top view of the ballast shaft 247. Fig. X-6 shows a partial section across the ballast shaft 247, showing the rigid yoke bars 246.

The anchor block 253, like the previously described anchor plates 218 and 220 in Figures IX-1 and IX-2, is provided with conical lead-through seats 254, which are covered by the cover 255.

The three-fold penetrations are not drawn for the clearid 30.

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The centerlines 256 in the cable bores 257 represent the ballast cables, which have a minimum length corresponding to the joint 248 plus the maximum heights of the lower and upper jack units 247 and 249.

5 Naturally, a considerably longer length is chosen.

The operation of the jacking units 247 and 249 are identical to the "beach jack" principle from FIGS. 1, 2 and 3.

1007079

Claims (34)

1. Hoisting and lifting devices, characterized in that they are constructed and assembled according to a strictly implemented modular system of relatively quick and easy to assemble and disassemble units. Hoisting and lifting devices according to claim 1, characterized in that they serve for hoisting, lifting and moving very heavy and bulky loads at locations which may or may not be difficult to reach for the 10 hitherto known and used for this purpose. hoists, methods and systems. 3. Hoisting and lifting devices according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that they are only modularly composed of elements which, during transport of the 15 devices, comply with and can be regarded as conventional 10, 20 or 40-foot freight containers, and elements, which are of such dimensions that they can be packed in the above-mentioned elements and standard containers for transport. Hoisting and lifting devices according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that they can be handled as and packed in standard freight containers and can be transported over water and land using the appropriate means, such as container cranes, ships, trains and trucks. 5. Hoisting and lifting devices according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that they comprise at least one mast or composite mast, which can be of variable design and dimensions, both in cross-section and in length. 1007079 Hoisting and lifting devices according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a counterweight forms part of these devices. Hoisting and lifting devices according to claims 1 to 5 with 6, characterized in that the counterweight is composed of, possibly locally available, containers filled with locally available mass, such as scrap, stones, sand, soil, water , etc., etc .. Hoisting and lifting devices according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the modular system permits an embodiment of the device which optimally meets the requirements of the lifting or lifting order underway. Hoisting and lifting devices according to Claims 1 to 8, 15, characterized in that, without the intervention of a large and heavily constructed subframe, they are mounted directly, via an assembly of "partitions" to be included in the invention, on a sufficiently sturdy and reasonably flat can be erected. Hoisting and lifting devices according to claims 1 to 9, 20, characterized in that the surface mentioned in claim 9 can be the deck of a pontoon or lifting platform, as used in the offshore industry. 11. Hoisting and lifting devices according to claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the device including load over a system of straight and curved tracks belonging to the invention, which are flexibly coupled and fixed on the partitions mentioned in claim 9 or can be moved in the horizontal plane on the deck mentioned in claim 10. Hoisting and lifting devices according to claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the displacement mentioned in claim 11, through a choice of the layout and the composition of the webs, is of curved, straight or 10 070 7 9 can be a combination of curved and straight tracks, a rotation, a translation or a combination thereof. 13. Hoisting and lifting devices, according to claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the horizontal displacement of the load via the rail system can take place by means of hydraulically compensable sled shoe constructions, while this also allows rotation or pivoting and not just a translation, as is known in the conventional sled-shoe systems. Hoisting and lifting devices according to Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the horizontal displacement of the load via the rail system can be effected by means of multiple wheel versions or 15 sled-shoe constructions, which are connected "rotatably" to the mast sections, so that the present hoisting device can move straight, obliquely or according to concentric arcs, concentric or otherwise, under maximum load. Hoisting and lifting devices according to Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the masts can be constructed double according to an A-frame, but also multiple, based on container dimensions. 16. Hoisting and lifting devices according to claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the mast parts are provided with a "twist-lock" system or can be provided with a detachably associated "twist-lock" attachment. Hoisting and lifting devices according to claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, if the mast parts have different width and / or height dimensions, they can be retracted for transport. Hoisting and lifting devices according to claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the mast parts are provided with assembled rounded profiles, the center of gravity 1007079 being as far outward as possible for the extremely high moment of inertia. 19. Hoisting and lifting devices according to claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the mast parts can be closed with flat plates or tarpaulins for transport or for use as a ballast container, if not necessary as a mast construction. Lifting and lifting devices according to Claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the present invention also includes tubular round, rectangular or otherwise collapsible hollow mast parts. 21. Hoisting and lifting devices, according to claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the entire hoisting device can be moved stepwise or continuously, the operation and the control and / or regulation being entirely by hand, or can be carried out in whole or in part via electronic and hydraulic circuits. 20 Computers and PLCs and even remote control by telemetry are possible. Hoisting and lifting devices according to claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the operating chamber and the drive unit can also stand on sled shoes and form, as it were, a closed chain with the movable hoisting installation. Hoisting and lifting devices according to claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the hoisting device, whether or not blockable, is positioned at the top of the lifting mast, such that all forces pass through one and the same point, so that no moments need to be transferred. Hoisting and lifting devices according to Claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the hoisting device at the masts of 1007079 is provided with intermittent hoisting blocking units, while other forms of hoisting and blocking means, optionally other than placed at the tops of the masts cannot be excluded. Hoisting and lifting devices according to claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the hoisting device is provided with hoisting and blocking means, which can be operated hydraulically or not, which can optionally be unlocked in a computer-controlled manner. Hoisting and lifting devices according to claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the operating chamber and the drive unit are, as it were, incorporated as a chain link to form a closed chain together with the hoisting device and the ballast. This applies to the rotational, pivoting and translating movements. Hoisting and lifting devices according to Claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the hoisting device is rotatable about one and the same point of the ground surface. Hoisting and lifting devices according to claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the supports of the hoisting device and the supports of the ballast can each follow their own path, so that "topping" and "topping" of both masts can take place independently. Hoisting and lifting devices according to Claims 1 to 27, characterized in that the hoist supports and the ballast supports can move in a very small turning circle, without becoming unstable by tapping before ballast weight can be moved almost radially. Hoisting and lifting devices according to claims 1 to 28, characterized in that the hoist supports and the ballast supports move in straight tracks, while the load makes a rotary movement. 100 "07 * 3 Hoisting and lifting devices according to Claims 1 to 29, characterized in that the hoisting device has compensation cylinders 5 at the location of the sled base constructions, for example, to compensate for uneven terrain and settlements of the ground. 31. Hoisting and lifting devices according to Claims 1 to 30, characterized in that so-called "boom stops" are mounted to prevent unexpected lifting of the lifting masts. 1 Cr-