MXPA99009205A - Systems and methods for implementing private wireless communications - Google Patents

Abstract

Un sistema de comunicaciones incluye una estación base móvil doble y una estación base principal;la estación base móvil de modo doble es operable selectivamente en CDMA y modos análogos;la estación base principal incluye circuitos para establecer comunicaciones inalámbricas con estación móvil en el modo análogo y los circuitos para establecer comunicaciones con un sistema de comunicaciones alámbrico, la estación base permite un intercambio de información entre la estación móvil y el sistema alámbrico en el modo análogo.

Description

SYSTEMS AND METHODS TO IMPLEMENT PRIVATE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to wireless communication systems and in particular to systems and methods for implementing private wireless communications.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION - Private branch exchanges (PBXs) that use conventional wireless telecommunications technology are commonly found in corporate, campus and similar environments where internal communications are frequently required for the organization or site. Generally, a PBX or key set system is closed, with the service provided only to a given number of telephone units or approved users. Internal calls are then normally made based on a fixed or fixed cost fee. The primary advantage of PBX systems is their ability to support internal communications without resorting to the public switched telephone network. Among the additional advantages of closed (PBX) systems is their ability to support reduced digit dialing, private telephone message (telephone mail) and private operator services. With the advent of cell phone technology, efforts have been made to develop localized wireless systems to be used, for example, in a campus, small office, main office or similar "PBX" environment. Although some of these systems have been developed and standards have been established for their implementation and use, these localized wireless systems are still subject to substantial limitations, mainly related to the user's capacity. Current standards for advanced mobile telephone system (AMPS) analog technology, in particular TIA IS-94, include conditions for implementation in analog PBX systems. However, the voice quality of analog systems is substantially inferior to digital systems. In addition, the typical analog system employs multiple frequency division access (FDMA) that inefficiently uses the available bandwidth, which is additional. Specifically, in the FDMA, channels are differentiated by frequency, with only one user supported per channel. Although the bandwidth available to a given provider is limited by the government's distribution, the number of users that the provider can serve at a time (ie the capacity) is limited proportionally. The rules for the implementation of the wireless local area service (private), such as the PBX, have also been established for the ksrS &SSßBr -rfIBR ». time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, such as in TIA IS-136. The TDMA is a digital technology that improves on analog FDMA technology, and in particular triples the capacity in the FDMA. In a system TDMA, the bandwidth available to a provider is divided into channels by frequency as in the FDMA, and then the channels are divided into time slots, with two slots per user (using the current total speed speech coder techniques). ). Essentially, multiple users share the same frequency band in time. Currently, 6 slots per channel are available in such technology, and therefore three users can be supported on one channel. However, although TDMA technology generally provides a 3-fold increase in capacity in FDMA technology, the increased capacity is still insufficient to meet the increase in user demand. Code division multiple access (CDMA), as defined in TIA IS-95, is currently the technology that most efficiently uses the available bandwidth. Along with the increased capacity, the CDMA also requires less frequency planning and the voice quality is improved due to the smooth transfer. In the CDMA, all users receive the complete signal and then filter their respective information based on coding. Typically, the CDMA uses direct sequence distribution spectrum transmissions to and from pseudoorthogonal users. A CDMA channel has 1.25 MHz of amplitude, which is equivalent to 42 AMPS or 30 KHz TDMA channels. However, in the CDMA today . A? K? 2 &k? S? S? S? I? About twenty users can be supported per sector in a 1.25 MHz channel, while in the AMPS only two users can be supported per sector for the same spectrum, even though forty and two channels must be distributed in twenty-one sectors. Therefore, the CDMA generally theoretically provides a ten-fold improvement in capacity over the AMPS. At this point, however, it has not been possible to use CDMA technology to support local (private) wireless systems. Private systems can be supported by TDMA and FDMA technologies, although it is possible to implement "frequency reuse" with TDMA or FDMA. For example, with typical frequency planning, a given geographic region can be divided into 7 areas or macrocells, each macrocell with being divided into 3 sectors. The frequency spectrum available then located in the seven macrocell patterns with three control channels and fifty-seven voice channels generally located in each macrocell. In turn, each macrocell is divided into three sectors with a control channel and nineteen voice channels located in each sector. For a localized or private system, a low-energy microcell is overloaded in a portion of a given sector. The interference between the microcell and the macrocell is then controlled by the scanning and frequency identification of the unused frequency bands and / or slots that can be used for the private / local wireless transmissions.

For the same reasons that CDMA allows more capacity for bandwidth, CDMA will support economically private wireless exchange for a group of private users on the same RF channel as the macro system. Specifically, although all macrocells and sectors are on a single channel, it is not possible to "steal" a channel or slot for private use. The users are differentiated by the coding, and the interference between the cells is controlled essentially by the control of the level of between the base stations and the mobile units. The superposition of a microcell in said system is highly impractical. Among other things, microcell transmissions can over-energize macrocell transmissions to nearby mobile units. Similarly, mobile step units, which are not part of the private system, can overload the microcell base station to the detriment of the private user group. Although it is possible to interfere with the power control of the roaming mobile units in the coverage area of a microcell to microcell base station, loads in the private system can be increased dramatically. In particular, not only the control of all private users is required, but also of any mobile unit that randomly enters the coverage area, which can place an excessive load on the microcell base station, depending on the number of mobile units that transit in the coverage area. í ^ S ^^ S ^^^ S ^^ m ^^^^ 3s¿6 ^ & ^ í ^^^^^ i ^^ ie Another possible approach is to assign each private system a channel RF of dedicated CDMA. Such an approach, however, could complicate and substantially increase the cost of the service provider. In the first place, the re-planning of the frequency could require the accommodation of each private channel in front of the existing public channels. Second, by dedicating a CDMA channel to private use, a corresponding CDMA channel is no longer available for public use through the coverage area. In other words, a dedicated CDMA channel for private use will produce forty-two non-available public AMPS channels. The problem becomes only complex as more resources are transferred from public to private systems. Although service providers are generally concerned about income optimization, the option of dedication channels to closed groups in small areas of coverage with a limited income potential at the expense of public uses of potentially higher incomes is unacceptable. In a variation of the foregoing approach, the international application WO 95/23488 entitled "Multiple Mode Personal Wireless Communications System" suggests the reservation of a channel for use by a private system using a proprietary signaling technology. In addition to the drawbacks identified above, however, such an approach is not practical. First, it requires a proprietary terminal for private system applications. Secondly, it requires a mobile service control unit to provide an interface between the mobile station and the private base station, thus needing two air links: one between the mobile station and the service control unit, and the other between the mobile service control unit and the private base station. Third, each of the two air links requires that a separate channel be reserved for the above, thus increasing the cost and complexity in the implementation of a private system, decreasing the flexibility of the system, and reducing the efficiency of the system. spectrum. Other approaches proposed to implement private CDMA systems in view of two interference problems have included the stabilization of "guard zones" around each microcell and deactivation. In the guard zone approach, macrocell microcell interference is reduced by confining all private mobile systems to a specific region around the microcell base station. Such an approach is not practical. First, the confinement of mobile stations in a specific area is difficult. Second, although some natural attenuation of the transmitted signals may occur, an artificial attenuation system may still be required to control the signal levels within the microcell. In the deactivation approach, the noise floor can be raised so that a smooth transfer occurs naturally at the macrocell-microcell boundaries. In other words, the sharpness of the signal difference at the microcell / macrocell limit is reduced by the higher noise floor, so that the mobile station is transported from"^^^ S &^ j ^ ^^^^^^^^ I * gü ^^^ ü natural way from one microcell / macrocell to the other.The same problem is still described above. The micro-cell base must now control all mobile stations that cross in the micro-cell region, whether or not these mobile stations belong to the closed user group.Thus, the need has arisen for circuits, systems and methods to implement a communications system private (local) wireless networks, although the capacity of CDMA technology is still maintained, such circuits, systems and methods must, among other things, allow the establishment of a private wireless system in which the interference between a macrocell, mobile units of -user, and the private system is eliminated or substantially reduced.In carrying out the above, the burden of energy control should not be improperly placed in the private system. the convenience of private mobile units.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a communication system is provided that includes a dual operable mobile station for selectively communicating in CDMA and analog modes and a main base station. The main base station includes a circuit system to establish the analog wireless communications with the mobile station in analog mode and circuit system to establish communications with a wired communication system, the base station thus allows an exchange of information between the mobile station and the wired system in the analogous mode. The principles of the present invention are also represented in methods of implementing wireless communications. In one such method, in a first mode, the communications are established between a mobile station and a wireless system using signaling and code division multiple access. In a second mode, communications are established between the mobile station and a wired system, said step includes a number of substeps. The wireless connection is established between the mobile station and a private base station using analogous signaling. A connection is also established between the private base station and the wired network. The information is then exchanged between the mobile station and the wired network through the private base station. In accordance with the additional embodiment of the invention, a private wireless system including a multi-mode mobile station and a main base station is provided. The mobile station has a private mode of operation in which the mobile station transmits and receives signals in the format of advanced mobile telephone systems (AMPS). The main base station selectively communicates in private mode with the mobile station using signals in the AMPS format. The main base station also is coupled to the public switched telephone network. In this way, the main base station implements an exchange of information between the mobile station and the public switching network in the private mode. The apparatuses, systems and methods representing the principles of the invention provide substantial advantages over the prior art. Between other things, private (local) wireless communication systems can be implemented while still maintaining the most favorable CDMA technology capability. Such private wireless systems can advantageously be established without substantial interference from a macrocell overlay or near an unauthorized mobile unit. By carrying out what above, the system control load is not placed inappropriately in the private system. The foregoing has broadly delineated the features and technical advantages of the present invention in order that the following detailed description of the invention may be better understood. The Further features and advantages of the invention will be described below, which form the subject of the claims of the invention. It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the conception and specific embodiment described can be readily used as a basis for modifying or designing other structures to accomplish the same purposes. of the present invention. t * s¿;? ^ i,. .JÍ? S ^ ¿2s¿aiai &S & amp; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS For a fuller understanding of the present invention, and the advantages thereof, reference is now made to the following descriptions taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a high-level conceptual block diagram that illustrates a double-mode system that presents the principles of the present invention. Figure 2A is a high-level functional block diagram of the preferred embodiment of the main base station shown in Figure 1. Figure 2B is a more detailed functional block diagram of the main base station shown in Figure 2; Figure 3 is a flow diagram illustrating the operational structure of the microcontroller shown in Figure 2A; Figure 4A is a functional block diagram of the mobile station shown in Figure 1; Figure 4B is a more detailed functional block diagram of the CDMA module shown in Figure 4A; Figure 4C is a more detailed functional block diagram of the mobile station of the AMPS module shown in Figure 4A; Figure 5A shows a preferred sequence of events during authentication of the main base station shown in Figure 1; Figure 5B shows a preferred sequence of events during the registration of a mobile unit with a main location registrar through a main base station; Figure 5C shows a preferred sequence of events during the organization of a call by a mobile station through a main base station; and Figure 5D shows a preferred sequence of events during the reception of an incoming call to a mobile station through a main base station.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The principles and advantages of the present invention will be better understood by reference to the embodiment illustrated in Figures 1-5 of the drawings, in which equal numbers designate equal parts. Figure 1 is a conceptual block diagram showing the general characteristics and a double-mode telecommunications system 100 showing the principles of the present invention. The system 100 includes a local subsystem (private) 101 and a cellular subsystem 102 (preferably a CDMA system, although this is not an absolute requirement). The private subsystem 101 includes a main base station 103 coupled to a wireline public switched telephone network (PSTN) 104, preferably through an RJ connector 11. The main base station 103 can be physically located, for example, in a corporate office site, campus, private domicile, individual office, or similar site where private and / or localized wireless communications are desirable. The cellular Subsystem 102 includes a wireless communication system of the service provider, generally shown at 105 for a selected macro cell. The wireless communication switching system 106 is coupled to a main location register 108 to register the mobile subscription stations. The control of the PSTN 104 interconnection and a wireless switching system 106 is carried out by authorization and call route equipment (ACRE) 107. In accordance with the principles of the present invention, at least one mobile station is operable in multiple modes, to allow the operation of public wireless telephony, private wireless, or without wiring. In the preferred mode, a given mobile station can operate a CDMA mode, a private AMPS mode or a wireless mode. In the CDMA mode, a given mobile station 109 communicates with the CDMA macrocells, such as that shown at 105, in a conventional manner such as IS-95. In the private system mode, a given mobile unit 109 can be configured to communicate with the main base station as an analog cellular telephone, preferably under the AMPS IS-91A or IS-94 standards or as a wireless telephone. In other words, a mobile system 109 can operate in the CDMA mode when the roaming signal in a CDMA macrocell far from the ¿A? -tfc gJ «g d« -fca < . A3tfta ^ i < . s. main base station 103, although within the coverage area of the main base station 103 can operate in an AMPS or wireless telephony mode. A private system mode, in the main base station 103 and the corresponding mobile station "steals" an available AMPS frequency band. As described below, the main base station 103 searches for and gives priority to the available channels. In the preferred embodiment, the main base station 103 will respond to at least two numbers. First, the main base station 103 will respond to the PSTN 104 when a call has entered a wired telephone number assigned to the base station. If a registered mobile station is within the base station coverage area and is properly configured it will act as a wireless telephone to answer the call. Secondly, the main base station 103 will respond to a mobile identification number (MIN) received by a mobile station registered at 109 within the coverage area. In such a case, when a mobile station 109 authorized in private mode registers with a main base station 103, said main base station in turn registers the mobile station with main location register 108. Subsequently, when any person dials the number of the mobile station 0, the call is routed through a wireless switching system 106 to the PSTN 104 and to the main base station 103 which then goes to the call using AMPS or the wireless feature; a direct wireless connection to the mobile station 109 from the switching system ^^ 'é ^ sé ^ / ^^^^^^^^^^^ 2 ^ - X ^.

Wireless 106 is inevitable. Advantageously, changes in airtime for a wireless transmission are eliminated, at least from the reference of the user that receives. During a call in the private mode, a unit 109 is connected to the corresponding main base station 103 in AMPS or wireless telephony mode, as desired. The main base station in turn establishes the appropriate connection through the PSTN 104. A high level block diagram of the main base station 103 is provided in Figure 2A. The base station 103 includes a radio frequency / intermediate frequency (RF / IF) front end 201, modem-transmitter / receiver section 202, a microcontroller 203, and telephony interface module 204. A more detailed functional block diagram in the main base station 103 is provided in Figure 2B. The RF / IF front end 201 includes an antenna 205, a bidirectional coupler 206 and a power amplifier 207A in the transmission path and a low noise amplifier 207B in the reception path. In one embodiment, the CDMA RF signal is defined in a plurality of channels of 1-25 MHz located in 12.5 MHz bands generally centered around 800 MHz (with an ascending band of 12.5 MHz and a falling band of 12.5 MHz by the Service provider). Alternatively, the RF signal of the CDMA may be one of a plurality of channels arranged in 5, 10 or 15 MHz bands centered around 1.9 GHz. The upper conversion in the transmission path is carried out by a mixer 208A and the conversion bottom is carried out in the reception path by a corresponding mixer 208B. The frequency conversions by mixers 208 are made in response to the local oscillatory signal provided by the oscillator 209. A pair of closed phase circuits 21 OA and 21 OB controls the mixers 208 and the oscillator 209, which advantageously allows alteration between the voice channel and the control channel and reduces the scan time. The closed phase circuits 210 are described more particularly in the patent application of E.U.A. co-signatory and co-assigned with serial No. 08 / 409,802, issued on March 24, 1995, entitled "MICRO-CELLULAR RADIO COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS. "The demodulated output of the mixer 208B passes through a filter 211 and is monitored by the microcontroller 203 through an analog-to-digital (A / D) converter 212. In addition, the front end 201 includes to RSSI measuring hardware 213 (radio signal resistance indicator). The modem-transmitter / receiver 202 is interfaced with the front end RF / IF 201 through a digital-to-analog converter 214 in the transmission path and an analog-to-digital converter 215 in the reception path. Two channels are provided, each coupled to the input digital to analog converter 214 and the output of analog to digital converter 215. The voice channel passes through a digital signal processor 216, the power control circuit 217 and a decoder 218. The channel of .Wfi.i8l.a-i-g¡-fe - »» j - < »-» - »- .giáfciMagagtJsK». control passes through a digital signal processor 219 to a bitstream control channel circuit 220. A relay 221 is subjected to interface in section 202 with the telephone interface module 204 and specifically, - the input / output of the decoder 218. The telephony interface module 204 is coupled to the PSTN 104 through an RJ11 connector 222. Generally, the interface module 204 includes a tone generator (DTMF) (transceiver) 223 for communicating with the PSTN 1044, a hybrid network 224 providing signal and connectivity support to the PSTN 104 two-wire circuit plant, and a call tone detection / dialing 225 transducer. The telephone interface 204 comprises four subsystems called: (a) pulse transceiver in dialing / dial tone (generator) 223, (b) hybrid network and related circuits 224, (c) transducer 225 for detecting dialing current and dial tone and (d) for dialing function 221. The dial tone / dial tone transceiver 223, the hybrid circuit network 224 and the dialing tone / dial tone transducer 225 225 comprise the wired telephony function of the main base station 103. The relegation circuit 221 is a specialized relegation order which integrates the wireless function of the main base station 103 to the wire telephony function. The dial pulse / dial tone transceiver previously called generator and shown in the drawing 223 is controlled by an external switch (not shown) to place the apparatus in the correct signaling mode for local switching. Said circuit receives the output digits for calls originating from the microcontroller 203 and transfers the information to the local exchange circuit. In the case of communications with the ACRE 107, the transceiver 223 receives the information from the microcontroller and transfers said information using a dial tone signal. The connection to the apparatus 107 is established by the local exchange and the network. The dial tone / dial tone transceiver 223, under the control of the microcontroller, sends appropriate information to the local exchange that uses the local exchange signaling method and maintains the correct frequency, time and pulse shape to communicate with the local circuit and another network device. The hybrid circuit network 224 carries out the traditional conversion of two wires to four wires of the circuit plant and the additional functions of lateral tone and in noise control. The adjustment of the volume of the conversion and implementation of a silent function is also included in said subsystem. Hybrid network 224 is controlled by microcontroller 203 for testing, tuning and maintenance. A 203 microcontroller command, detection transducer 225 call current / dial tone detects the reception and call current or dial tones from the circuit plant and sends the message to the microcontroller 203. The microcontroller 203 also sends instructions to remove the transistor from the circuit in the proper state of control. ii - ^^ .-.: .- ^. ^^^. ^, ^ a-aia-JJJ .-, -.

The relay circuit 221 has several important functions. In the free situation, the relay circuit 221 ensures that the local circuit plant provides the local exchange to the exact circuit condition of a wired telephone system. During the originating call stage, the relay circuit 221 ensures that the circuit parameters to the local circuit plant for detecting dial tone and signaling are similar to those provided by the wired telephone system. In particular, the relay circuit 221, together with the wired telephony system, generates a valid take signal, and waits for the dial tone, detects the dial tone and then transmits the valid dial digits to the local exchange. The latter then couples the base station 103 to the mobile station system 109 to transfer all the audible signals. In the case of an incoming call, the relay circuit 221 ensures that the local circuit receives the exact treatment as that of a call current reception from a wired telephone. In this case, the wireless system was alerted for the incoming call. Upon receiving the call acceptance by the mobile station 109, the relegation system 221, which works with the mocrocontroller 203, transfers the correct response signal to the local exchange and couples the audio signals from the local exchange to the mobile station 109 During the subsequent conversation, the relay circuit 221 maintains the coupling of the audio signals in both directions.

Any secondary signal accepted by the local exchange is transmitted by the relay circuit 221 which uses the three wire telephone systems.

The relay circuit 221 under the control of the microcontroller 203 will be connected to any wireless or wireless AMPS system to establish the complete communication path. The microcontroller 203 is responsible for all the control functions of the main base station 103. The control messages on the side of the wired network next to the wireless network are transferred through the microcontroller 203. The microcontroller 203 is responsible for the following tasks: 1.- Transfer of message between the wired network to the wireless network of the main base station; 2.- Exploration of the RF spectrum and determination of the usable channels for private communication in AMPS mode; 3.- Control the relay circuit 221 to establish the coupling for the audio signals; 4.-Registration of the mobile terminal 109 and communication with the ACRE 104 to ensure that the registry is known for the wireless network; 5.- Control incoming and outgoing calls to the main base station; 6.- Find an incoming flame; 7.- Transfer the digits to the transceiver 221 for outgoing calls; 8.- Maintenance and diagnostic test of the system; 9. - Initialization of the system. The control system of the microcontroller 203 performs the above tasks through the priority queue operation system and the system is interrupted. All incoming messages to the microcontroller 203 generate an interruption to transfer the message to the system. The microcontroller 203 interrupts the current task, accepts the message and then uses the priority scheduler to program the next task. A timer system generates a timer interruption in the system to schedule tasks that depend on time. According to the critical nature of the tasks, the previous functions are programmed by a priority system. In the case where there are no pending tasks for the 203 microcontroller, it carries out the scanning, maintenance and diagnostic functions. Figure 3 is a diagrammatic presentation of the control structure of the microcontroller 203 in the preferred embodiment. During the period where the base station 103 is in a switched-on state, the microcontroller 203 is in the free state in step 300 and generates an initialization signal to start the initialization of the system. Upon completion of the initialization, the controller enters the state of promptness. Then, when telephone activity is required, the procedure is organized into six important tasks. All tasks send a scheduler request in step 301. The scheduler task in step 302 prioritizes (program) the various ¿. ^ Sg? Si & lg ^^ tasks that will be carried out when multiple programmer requests have been received. When a request for end of timing is granted in step 303, the timer task is executed in step 304. The timer task is determined if the telephone activity with base station 103 has ceased for a predetermined period and a new task is program with the microcontroller. If such activity has ceased, the microcontroller 203 returns to the free state after reissuing a programmer request as in step 300. The programmer's task then assigns the appropriate task to the microcontroller. When the timer task requires another execution, an end-of-timing signal is issued again to the scheduler task 302. When an initialization request is granted in step 305, the initialization is carried out in step 306. If any initialization of time is required, a request from the programmer is made to the scheduler task in steps 301 and 302. Similarly, when maintenance is required, a maintenance request is granted in step 307, maintenance is carried out in step 308. The requests to carry out the debugging task are executed in steps 309 and 310. The spectral debugging can be carried out when the base station 103 is not being used for conversations and continuously updates the list channel, identifying the analog frequency channels that are available for use in the support of the ^^ i Jt, - ^ l ^ .L ^ '-L¿tes': - jt.-A-a¿ .--- í private (ie local) communications. As described more fully in the patent application of E.U.A. co-pending and co-assigned with serial number 08 / 409,802, entitled "MICRO-CELLULAR RADIO COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS ", the debugging algorithm ...

With the best channel drops from the list header, the base station selects the new top channel with a control channel and transmits the AMPS control channel message on that channel. The next two to five channels in the list are then used for voice conversation transmission. In this way, the microcontroller will never be free after the initial start-up. When the message processing request is taken in step 311, the message processing task is executed in step 312. In the preferred embodiment, the base station 103 uses the analog voice channel transmissions to exchange the speech traffic with a mobile unit 109 registered within its coverage using cellular / PCS (personal communication system) and / or unregulated sequence spectrum. A receiver functionality is used to measure the ascending RSSI of a mobile unit 109 operating in the private mode using the available cellular / PCS frequency near the main base 103.

A downstream receiver functionality is used to measure the downstream RSSI of another home base or AMPS cellular base stations near the given home base station 103. A software control algorithm continuously performs the upward and downward receiving functions.

Descending receivers to develop and maintain the list of control frequency and voice channel frequencies that can be displayed for wireless control and function. In particular, from the RSSI results, the main base station 103 ensures that the blocking is done to a mobile unit 109 transmitting through a clear AMPS channel, instead of a higher powered public wireless transmission or a mobile station that communicates with another main base station. In the preferred embodiment, a control message transmitted from the base station 103 via a private AMPS control channel so that the mobile station 109 operates in the analogous mode can select the same control channel and transmit its control information again to the base station 103. The control information received from a mobile station operating in the AMPS mode is verified for registration and / or authentication purposes before the mobile station is accepted for communication with the base station 103. With base in the ID register received from the given mobile system 109, the base station 103 selects the simple wireless function or a CDMA AMPS wireless function to be used. With respect to a simple wireless function or an outgoing call, the control channel carries the called number to the base station 103. The main base station 103 then initiates a call set-up function to the PSTN and allocates a voice channel to the mobile station 109. In the case of call termination, the main base station 103 creates a page and a distinctive tone, depending on whether the operation is in the simple cordless telephone or in the CDMA / AMPS mode. When the mobile station 109 moves away from the base station 103, - can be in a free state or conversation. When in the conversation state, the mobile system 109 continues to monitor the time fading state and if the SAT can not be detected for 5 seconds, the mobile system 109 scans the control channels of the private system again. If any private master base station 103 is found, which is authorized for use, it will use said private system (main base) in the analogous mode (AMPS). Otherwise, it enters a state of CDMA system initialization. In the CDMA system initialization state, the custom system selection algorithm guides the mobile system 109 to a CDMA macrocell that the mobile station authorizes for use in the CDMA mode. Although the mobile system 109 is in the free state away from the base station 103, it monitors the paging channel. When the RSSI of the paging channel falls below a predetermined threshold, the system initialization state enters. Again, a custom selection algorithm guides the mobile station 109 to find a CDMA macrosystem. When the mobile station 109 is operating in the system 100, in order to detect the system 103, at least two approaches can be applied. The preferred approach is for the mobile system 109 to automatically search for a private system 103 -which is authorized for the service received. In such an approach, the mobile system periodically scans the analog control channel that carries the system information of the wireless PBX 103. This period can vary from a few seconds to a few minutes. If any private system 103 is found, whose given mobile station 109 is authorized for use, said mobile 103 may leave the CDMA 105 system and enter the operation of the private system with procedures specified therein. As an alternative approach, the mobile system 103 can also be equipped with a manual "bottom" on the board 404 which will allow the user to manually control the switching system 403. As such, although the mobile station is operating in the macro network (it is say, in CDMA mode or one of the standard AMPS control channels) and moving within the coverage limits of a wireless PBX, the main residential system, or wireless BS, the user must activate the button. It should be noted that although the mobile station 109 is coupled in a voice or data communication, the button can not be activated by the user. Once the button is activated, the mobile base station 109 aborts any procedure that is being carried out and leaves the state in which it is located. The mobile station 109 then scans a wireless PBX or a control channel of the main residential system. If a control channel can be found, the mobile station operates in the mode as specified by the appropriate standards (IS-94 or IS-91-A), or it can operate in a wireless environment. However, if a control channel can not be found, then the mobile station 109 should try to scan a system again CDMA. Figure 4A is a high-level functional block diagram of a selected mobile station 109. The primary components of the mobile station for purposes of the present disclosure are a macro CDMA module 401, main base station module (AMPS) 402, and switching system 403. Board 404, horn 405, microphone 406 and antenna 407 are also shown. In alternative modes, the 403 switching system responds to a manual button to switch between cellular mode (CDMA) and private mode . In the preferred embodiment, the mobile station 109 can be provided with scanning compatibility to automatically search for private systems and switch depending on the results. Figure 4B is a more detailed block diagram showing the CDMA portions of a selected mobile station 109. In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 4B, the mobile station includes a similar transmit / receive section 408, digital CDMA receiver / transmitter section 409 and a user interface section 410. Analog transmit / receive section 408 includes antenna 407 and an analogous front system section 411. The analog front end 411 includes the low noise amplifiers, oscillators, and mixers required to up-convert the analog output signals during transmissions and to receive and down-convert the analog signals during reception. In the transmission path, the digital-to-analog converter 412 is included to convert the digital information provided to the digital section 409 to the analogous form for transmission. Similarly, a digital-to-analog converter 413 is included to convert the downlink mixed analog signal in an analogous to digital manner to be processed by the digital section 409. The digital section 409 includes a transmission path and a reception path. The data that is transmitted is emitted from a user interface section 410 and is encoded by a convolutional encoder 414. The encoded data then passes through an interleaver 415 and the PN 416 sequence reader. The digital data is then processed. by a data burst scrambler 417 and passes through a FIR filter 418 before being sent to a D / A converter 412 for analog transmission. The reception path includes the CDMA receiving fingers 419, whose outputs are combined by a combiner 420. An automatic gain control reference circuit (AGC) 421 generates a reference level for establishing the energy levels in the receiver. The signal sought by the hardware 422 searches for the strongest channel available. The output of the combiner 420 passes through a deinterleaver 423 and a serial Viterbi decoder 424. Before moving to the interface module 410, the quality of the data is verified by the circuits 425. The interface unit 410 is under the control of the microprocessor 426. The microprocessor 426 is interfaced with the digital reception and transmission paths together with the board and the display unit 404. The board in the display unit 404 provides the user the interface for the alphanumeric data. The microprocessor 428 also controls the input and output of user audio data through a microphone and a 405/406 speaker 426, power control decoder 428. The FM subsystem is coupled to the analog front end 408 of FM vehicle and decoder 427. Figure 4C is a more detailed functional block of the AMPS portion of mobile station 109. The front end of the module 402 includes a duplex antenna 407 used for transmitting and receiving functions and accessed through a circulator 430. The signals received are amplified by the RF amplifier 435 and then filtered with a band pass filter 436 to eliminate the band output signal components. The received signal is then converted downwardly by a mixer 437 to an intermediate frequency (IF) using a mixing signal received from the frequency multiplier 447. The frequency multiplier 447 is programmable to provide variable frequency mixing signals in response to a look-up table, control circuit 444, channel synthesizer and oscillator 446. The IF signal is then filtered by an IF filter 438 and then down-converted back to a baseband signal by a mixer 439 in response to a mix signal from a local oscillator 440. The baseband signal leaving mixer 139 is provided to an FM / FSK / QPSK 441 detector for processing when the signal carries the voice data (FM or PSK for analog and QPSK for digital) and for the control circuit 444 through a filter 442, when the identification of the control channel is required. The control circuit 444 includes coupled filters or spectrum analyzers that identify the channel as a control channel by identifying the modulation scheme and / or spectrum characteristics. The transmission path includes an audio processing circuit 431 for processing received speech from a microphone 406, a phase modulator 432, RF amplifier 433 and bandpass filter 434. As described more fully in the patent applications of USA co-pending and coasigandas that have nos. of series 08 / 710,285 and 08 / 713,383, issued on September 13, 1996, and both titled "METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR QUICKLY FINDING TO CONTROL CHANNEL IN A PRÍVATE CELLULAR SYSTEM", which describe a method to quickly locate a control channel in a private system by determining the modulation type of the particular channel. After scanning a received RF channel, the received signals are used for the evaluation of the modulation type of the channel by using coupled filters designed for the specific signal of interest, and / or to produce the channel's spectral energy distribution for determine the type of modulation. This method is significantly faster than traditional media and therefore allows the use of the debugging method described above. Figures 5A-5B show the preferred message sequences between the subsystems according to the principles of the present invention. However, it should be noted that in alternative modalities the sequence of events may vary. It should also be noted that in Figures 5A-5B, events occur in time from the top of the diagram to the bottom of the diagrams. In Figure 5A, the main base station 103 is authenticated by the ACRE 107 with which the main base station 103 operates. Said procedure is normally used in a first connection time of a base station 103 and periodically thereafter. The main base station 103 initiates the authentication procedure by transmitting an ACRE number identifying the ACRE to be used by its interface unit 204. In particular, the interface unit 204 generates a decoupling signal to the local exchange, which when ready, returns a dial tone. The interface unit 204 then passes the ACRE number to the local exchange. The local exchange initiates the connection establishment for the selected ACRE 107. When ready, the ACRE 107 passes a response to the main base station 103 via a PSTN 104 and the interface unit 204. The base station 103 sends an authentication request to the ACRE 107 and if the authorization request is valid, the main base station 103 authorizes access to the ACRE 107. The main base station 103 then sends the result of return authorization, confirming its receipt together with authorization ACRE 107 to access the main base station 103 via the PSTN 104. Figure 5B illustrates a method preferred of registration and a selected mobile unit 109 with a main base station. In such a case, the mobile system 109 sends a registration request to the main base station 103. A connection is established between the base station 103 and the corresponding ACRE 107, using basically the same procedure to establish an initial connection described above together with Figure 5A. Once the connection is established, the main base station 103 sends a registration request to the ACRE 107, which in turn sends a registration number to the main location register 108. The registration request of the main base station 103 of preference includes a mobile identification number (MIN) and an electronic serial number (ESN) for the mobile unit 109, the personal (main) base station identifier 103 and the PSTN 104 number are used. In the registration within the main location registers 108 the return to ACRE 107 is sent which in response sends the registration results back to the main base station 103 confirming the registration. When the registration is completed, each - 3 z ¡X-. one of the subsystems is released at the start by the base station - ^^ mcipal 103. Figure 5C indicates the situation where a given station 109 originates a call by a main base station 103 according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. The origin of the call begins with a source message that is sent on an AMPS control channel selected from a given mobile station 109 of the main base station 103. The foregoing is followed by a sequence of control channel messages between the terminal mobile 109 and the main base station 103. After said message exchange, a 7 to 10 digit telephone or mobile identification number is sent to the interfunit 204 of the main base station 103 to initiate the call through the wired network. The interfunit 204 initiates the wire call by generating a decoupling signal to the local exchange (PSTN) 104. In turn, the exchange 104 generates a dial tone. The transmission between the main base station 103 and the mobile station 109 changes from the control channel to the voice channel. The interfunit 204 then pl an accounting call using a conventional double tone multiple frequency (DTMF) signaling to the local exchange 104. The local exchange 104 restores the call to the wireless and / or wireline target networks. A return dial tone issued by the network returns to the mobile terminal 109, the local exchange 104, and the main base station 103. When a connection base is made to the target telephone or mobile station, a response is returned and the conversation. Figure 5D illustrates the case where the call is incoming to a given mobile station 109. An incoming call is received from the home phone or mobile station through the corresponding wireless and / or wire network for the main location register 108. If the target mobile station is registered, a connection request goes to ACRE 107. The ACRE 107 duly returns a transmission line identification number (TLDN), including a PSTN number identifying the local exchange and a PB number, identifying the station Main base 103 the network ultimately originating HLR 108. The network then connects to the local exchange by transmitting PSTN number. Upon receiving the PSTN number, the local exchange 104 calls the interfunit 104, which notifies the main base station 103 about an incoming call. The main base station 103 then gives a warning to the target mobile station 109 through an available AMPS or wireless channel. If the mobile unit responds, a warning response passes to the interface unit 204 which generates a decoupling signal to the local exchange 104. The main base station 103 allocates a voice channel for communications with the given mobile station 109. The local exchange 104 generates a response for the originating network, the connection between the originating network and the mobile station is established, and the conversation is subsequently carried out. ^ 2 * ^ 2 &3 &* $ & ^^^^ stl * Although the present invention and its advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made.

Claims (32)

NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS

1. A communication system (101) characterized in that: a multiple mode mobile station (109) operable to selectively communicate in CDMA and analog modes; and a main base station (103) comprising: circuits for establishing wireless communications with said mobile station (109) in said analogous mode; and circuits for 10 establishing communications with a wired communication system (104), said base station (103) allows an exchange of information between said mobile station (109) and said wired system (104) in said analogous mode to allow the wired system (104). ) give authenticity to the main base station on activation and periodically later, and for 15 allowing the wired system (104) to track calls to and from the main base station (103).

2. The communication system (101) according to claim 1, wherein said analogous mode is characterized in that it has an AMPS mode.

3. The communications system (101) according to claim 1, wherein said main base station (103) and said mobile station (109) are further characterized in that they are operable to selectively communicate in a wireless telephone mode. ^ = Síg gw ^^ r ^^^^^^^^^^^^! s ^^ ^ to ^^^^ ^^% ^^^ asB ti & ßttAJis * .i £ ??? i28iá

4. - The communication system (101) according to claim 1, wherein said multiple mode mobile station (109) is further characterized in that it communicates with said main base station (103) in said analogous mode when being in a selected coverage area, and with a CDMA macrocell base station (105) being outside said coverage area.

5. The communication system (101) according to claim 4, wherein said mobile station (109) is further characterized in that it is operable to detect a transition from the interior of said coverage area to the outside of said area of communication. coverage and changes in response in such a way analogous to said CDMA mode.

6. The communication system (101) according to claim 4, wherein said mobile station (109) is further characterized in that it is operable to detect a transition of said mobile station (109) from outside said coverage area to the interior of said coverage area and changes in response of said CDMA mode to said analogous mode.

7. The communication system (101) according to claim 1, wherein said mobile station (109) is further characterized in that it is accessible through a first number in said CDMA mode and a second number in said analogous mode.

8. The communication system (101) according to claim 1, wherein said mobile station (109) is further characterized in that it is operable to change in response between said CDMA modes and analogous to a manual switching action.

9. The communication system (101) according to claim 1, wherein said mobile station (109) is further characterized 5 because it is accessible through a unique number for said CDMA and analogous modes.

10. The communication system (101) according to claim 1, wherein said main base station is further characterized by the circuits to identify at least one frequency channel in the 10 that communications in the analogous mode can be established with minimal interference to communications in the CDMA mode, and wherein the wireless communications with the mobile station (109) in said analog mode circuit are set to at least one frequency channel .

11.- The communications system (101) in accordance with the 15 claim 1, wherein the main base station is further characterized by the circuits for debugging the frequency spectrum to identify at least one frequency channel in which communications in the analogous mode can be established with minimal interference to communications in the CDMA mode, and where wireless communications with the 20 mobile station (109) in said analog mode circuits are established in at least one frequency channel.

12. - The communication system (101) according to claim 1, further characterized in that the wired network is a public switched telephone network (PSTN).

13. A method of implementing wireless communications, said method further characterized by the steps of: in a first mode, establishing communications between a mobile station (109) and a wireless system using a code division multiple access signaling (CDMA); and in a second mode, establishing communications between the mobile station (109) and a wired system, said step in said second mode comprises the substeps of: establishing a wireless connection between the mobile station (109) and a private base station (103) ) that uses analog signaling; establishing a connection between the private base station (103) and a wired network (104), and exchanging information between the mobile station (109) and the wired network through the private base station (103) to allow the wired system ( 104) authenticate the private base station on activation and periodically later, and to allow the wired system (104) to track calls to and from the private base station.

14. The method of implementing wireless communications according to claim 13, wherein said sub-step of establishing a wireless connection between the mobile station (109) and the private base station (103) is further characterized by another channel sub-step. establishment between them uses advanced mobile phone system technology.

The method of implementing wireless communications according to claim 13, wherein said sub-step of establishing a wireless connection between the mobile station (109) and the private base station (103) is further characterized because the other sub-step establishes a wireless telephone interconnection between the base station (103) and the mobile station (109).

16. The method of implementing wireless communications according to claim 13, wherein said establishment sub-step and a wireless connection between the mobile station (109) and the private base station (103) is further characterized by the substeps of: detect an available analog channel; maintain a list of information that identifies the analogous channel available; and transmitting control information from the base station (103) to the mobile station (109) through at least one available analog channel to initiate a connection between them.

17. The method of implementing wireless communications according to claim 16, further characterized by the substeps of: detecting a second available analog channel; maintain the information that identifies the second available channel in the list; and establishing a voice connection between the private base station (103) and the mobile station (109) through the second available analog channel.

18. - The method of implementing wireless communications according to claim 17, wherein said available channel detection substeps are further characterized by the substeps of: measuring a rising signal resistance from another mobile station (109) operating in the second mode within an area close to the base station (103); measuring a downlink signal resistance from another base station (103) operating near the base station (103); and in response to said measurement steps, maintain the list of available channels.

19. The method according to claim 13, further characterized by the steps of: monitoring a resistance of a signal transmitted from the main base station (103) to the mobile station (109); and switching the mobile station (109) from the second mode to the first mode when the resistance of the signal transmitted from the main base station (103) drops below a predetermined threshold.

20. The method according to claim 13, further characterized by the steps of: registering a mobile identification number assigned to the mobile station (109) with a selected main location recorder; and re-tracking a flame addressed to the mobile identification number through a wired network to the main base station (103) when it is received by the main location register.

21. The method of implementing wireless communications according to claim 13, wherein the step of establishing communications in a second mode is further characterized by the sub-step of identifying at least one frequency channel in which communications in the Second mode can be established with minimal interference to CDMA signaling; and wherein the wireless connection between the mobile station (109) and the private base station (103) using the analog signaling is set to at least one frequency.

22. The wireless communication implementation method according to claim 13, wherein the step of establishing communications in a second mode is further characterized by the sub-step of purging the frequency spectrum to identify at least one frequency channel in the that communications in a second mode can be established with minimal interference to CDMA signaling; and wherein the wireless connection between the stationary station (109) and a private base station (103) using analog signaling is set to at least one frequency.

23. The implementation method of wireless communications according to claim 13, further characterized in that the wired network is a public switched telephone network (PSTN).

24. A wireless communication system, further characterized by: a mobile station (109) operable in a first mode for transmitting and receiving signals in an advanced mobile telephone system (AMPS) format when it is in a microcell, and operable in a second mode for transmitting and receiving signals in a code division multiple access (CDMA) format when in a macro cell; and a main base station (103), said main base station (103) selectively communicates in said first mode with said mobile station (109) using signals in said AMPS format or coupled to a public switched telephone network (PSTN) (104), said main base station (103) implementing an exchange of information between said mobile station (109) and said PSTN (104) to allow the PSTN to authenticate the main base station in activation and periodically thereafter, and to allow the PSTN to track calls to and from the main base station .

25. The wireless communication system according to claim 24, wherein said base station (103) and said mobile station (109) are further characterized in that they are operable to communicate in a wireless telephony format.

The wireless communication system according to claim 24, wherein said base station (103) is further characterized in that it is operable to detect at least one channel available to communicate with said mobile station (109).

27. The wireless communication system according to claim 24, wherein said main base station is further characterized by the frequency spectrum cleaning to identify at least one frequency channel in which communications in the AMPS format can be establish with minimal interference to communications in the CDMA format.

28. - A wireless communication implementation method, said method characterized by the steps of: in a first mode, establishing communications between a mobile station (109) and a wireless system that uses code division multiple access signaling (CDMA) ); and in a second mode, establishing communications between the mobile station (109) and a wired system, said step in said second mode comprises the substeps of: establishing a wireless connection for the analogous signaling between the mobile station (109) and a base station private (103), said step, to establish a wireless connection, comprises the substeps of: detecting a first available analog channel and a second available analog channel, maintaining a list of information identifying the first available analog channel and the second available analog channel, transmitting the control information from the main base station (103) to the mobile station (109) through the first analog channel available to initial a connection between them, and establishing a voice connection between the main base station (103) and the mobile station (109) through the second available analog channel; establish a connection between the private base station (103) and a wired system (104); and exchanging information between the mobile station (109) and the wired system through the private base station (103).

29. A method of implementing wireless communications, said method characterized by the steps of: in a first mode, establishing communications between a mobile station (109) and a wireless system that uses access signaling ^ multiple division of code (CDMA); and in a second mode, establishing communications between the mobile station (109) and a wired system, said step in said second mode comprises the substeps of: establishing a wireless connection for the analogous signaling between the mobile station (109) and a base station private (103); said step, to establish a wireless connection, comprises the substeps of: detecting a first available analog channel and a second analogous channel available by measuring a rising signal resistance from another mobile station (109) operating in the second mode in a area close to the private base station (103) by measuring a downlink signal strength from another base station (103) that cools near the private base station (103), in response to said measurement steps; maintain a list of information that identifies the first available analog channel and the second available channel; transmitting the control information from the main base station (103) to the mobile station (109) through the first available analog channel to initiate a connection between them, and establishing a voice connection between the main base station (103) and the mobile station (109) through the second available analog channel; establish a connection between the private station (103) and a wired system (104); and exchanging information between the mobile station (109) and the wired system through the private base station (103).

30. A method of implementing wireless communications, further characterized by the steps of: in a first mode, establishing communications between a mobile station (109) and a wireless system that uses the code division multiple access signaling (CDMA); and in a second mode, establishing communications between the mobile station (109) and a wired system, said step in said second mode comprising the substeps of: identifying at least one frequency channel in which communications in the second mode can be established with minimal interference to CDMA signaling; setting at least one frequency a wireless connection between the mobile station (109) and a private base station (103) using analog signaling; establish a connection between the private base station (103) and a wired system (104); exchanging information between the mobile station (109) and a wired system through the private base station (103); monitoring the resistance of a signal transmitted from the main base station (103) to the mobile station (109); and switching the mobile station (109) from the second mode to the first mode when the resistance of the signal transmitted from the main base station (103) falls below a predetermined threshold.

31. A method of implementing wireless communications, further characterized by the steps of: in a first mode, establishing communications between a mobile station (109) and a wireless system that uses multiple access signaling code division (CDMA); in a second mode, establishing communications between the mobile station (109) and a wired system, said step in said second mode comprising the substeps of: identifying at least one frequency channel in which the communications in the second router can be established with minimal interference to CDMA signaling; setting at least one frequency a wireless connection between the mobile station (109) and a private base station (103) using analog signaling; establish a connection between the private base station (103) and a wired system (104); exchanging information between the mobile station (109) and the wired system through the private base station (103); registering a mobile identification number assigned to the mobile station (109) with a selected primary location record; and re-tracking a call addressed to the mobile identification number through the wired network to the main base station (103) when it is received by the main location registrar. 32.- A method of implementing wireless communications, further characterized by the steps of: in a first mode, establishing communications between a mobile station (109) and a wireless system that uses code division multiple access signaling (CDMA); in a second mode, establishing communications between the mobile station (109) and a wired system, said step in said second mode comprising the substeps of: establishing a wireless connection for wireless signaling between the mobile station (109) and a private base station ( 103), said step for establishing a wireless connection comprises the substeps of: detecting a first available analog channel and a second analogous channel available by measuring a rising signal resistance from another mobile station (109) operating in the second S3 & ^ ^^ - ^^^^^ & ^ ^ f¿ ^ > & ^? ^ mode in an area near the baset station. { Vivada (103), measuring a downlink signal strength from another base station (103) operating near the private base station (103); in response to said measurement / steps, maintaining a list of information identifying the first available analog channel and the second available analog channel, transmitting the control information from the main base station (103) to the mobile station (109) through of the first analog channel available for initiating a connection between them, and establishing a voice connection between the main base station (103) and the mobile station (109) through the second available analog channel; establish a connection between the private base station (103) and a wired system (104); and exchanging information between the mobile station (109) and the wired system through the private base station (103); monitoring the resistance of a signal transmitted from the main base station to the mobile station (109); switching the mobile station (109) from the second mode to the first mode when the resistance of the signal transmitted from the main base station (103) falls within a predetermined threshold; registering a mobile identification number assigned to the mobile station (109) with a selected primary location record; and re-tracking a call addressed to the mobile identification number through the wired network to the main base station (103) when it is received by the main location registrar. Éj j jjg ^ gg ^