MXPA99007852A - An element for forming ground covering, restraining and reinforcing structures, particularly for forming retaining walls - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject of the invention is an element (1) for forming ground covering, restraining and reinforcing structures, particularly for forming retaining walls. The element (1) is constituted by a single wire-netting panel and is divided into a bottom portion (301), an intermediate front restraining portion (101), and a top end covering portion (201). These portions are delimited by reinforcing bars (2, 3) which are inserted in the mesh of the wire netting and which extend along the front portion (101) or define, between the portions (101, 201, 301), the predetermined bend lines for the formation of a substantially channel-shaped restraining element with a substantially vertical or inclined front wall. The structural element is filled with earth, stones or combinations of earth and stones (7, 7') and several channel-shaped layers each formed by an element (1) can be laid on top of one another to form retaining structures.

Description

AN ELEMENT TO FORM COATING STRUCTURES, CONTAINMENT AND REINFORCEMENT FOR FLOORS. PARTICULARLY TO FORM RETENTION WALLS FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to an element for forming coating structures, containment and reinforcement for floors, in particular, to form retaining walls, the element is constituted by a wire mesh panel, preferably with a double t , in particular galvanized and possibly plastics coated, the wire mesh panel is continuous and is divided into at least three portions comprising: a lower portion, a front containment portion and an upper end covering portion, these portions are bounded in reciprocal relationship by reinforcing bars that are inserted in the weft of the wire mesh and that extend or define predetermined lines for the bending of the three portions in reciprocal relationship, the three portions are bent in reciprocal relationship so as to form an element of containment that is practically channel-shaped and that has, for its base and its upper part, the two end portions of the element which are arranged practically parallel to each other and, for a practically vertical or inclined retaining wall, the P14S8 / 99MX intermediate portion between the two end portions, the containment element filled with earth, stones or combinations of earth and stones, and various retaining elements in the form of a channel, each formed by a continuous element that may remain one above the other. another to form walls or the like.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to devise a completely prefabricated element of the type described in the foregoing, to make it possible, by means of economic and relatively simple measures, to form structures for example of wall or the like, which are more strong and more attractive appearance, particularly walls with surfaces with predetermined inclinations, without requiring operations to assemble the various components of the element in the place of use. The invention achieves the object mentioned above, by means of an element of the type described at the beginning, wherein the intermediate portion that forms the visible, vertical or inclined retaining wall has at least one and preferably several additional reinforcing bars inserted in it. the weft of the wire mesh and extending parallel to each other and parallel to the limiting bars between the intermediate portion and the two opposite portions that P14G8 / 99MX form the base and upper part of the containment and reinforcement structure in channel form. According to an improvement, when the visible portion of the channel-shaped containment structure formed by the mesh element must have a predetermined inclination with respect to a perfectly vertical orientation, at least one, preferably two, and possibly even several Corbels can be associated with each mesh element, to support it and place it in the correct inclined position, each bracket has at least one first arm which is a reinforcing bar and which supports the intermediate portion to form the front visible wall of the containment element and having the corresponding inclination, and at least a second arm parallel to the portion constituting the base. The support and location brackets are preferably articulated to the front portion of the channel-shaped element to be pivoted from a rest and storage position in which the brackets are placed against the portion to which they are articulated and which is It therefore extends, parallel to the same, towards an operative position where they are arranged in a practically elevated position and perpendicular to the portion to which they are articulated. The corbels are formed, advantageously, in the shape of a right triangle orP1468 / 99MX of a rectangle trapezoid. A further feature of the invention consists in the fact that the element comprises, in addition to the wire mesh panel, a so-called geosynthetic fines retainer, this layer is superimposed inside the wire mesh panel forming the front of the containment element. Two different versions of the geosynthetic layer can be provided, in accordance with the use of the element. In the version known as earth, the geosynthetic layer is preferably constituted by a bio-shade of natural fibers or the like. The layer of natural fibers can be advantageously reinforced by a lattice of plastic material. In the geosynthetic layer known as water type, the geosynthetic layer is formed by a geo-nuance of plastic material. The front portion of the channel-shaped element is also reinforced by an additional mesh panel (of the double twisted type or of the welded type by electricity) connected to the channel-shaped element by staples in the production stage and, thus, contain the geosynthetic layer between the panel and the channel-shaped element. The aforementioned measures reinforce the containment element formed by the element of P1468 / 99MX mesh, at least on the visible front portion of any set of walls. This is ensured both by the force bars and by the location and support brackets, as well as by the reinforcement panel. The brackets allow the portion forming the visible front wall of the containment element to be positioned precisely in a predetermined manner, producing retaining walls with precise and predetermined inclinations. The additional reinforcing bars can possibly be used as predetermined intermediate bending joints, thus allowing the visible front walls of different heights to be formed in accordance with the requirements. In this case, the brackets to support and position the portion that forms the visible front wall, may also be able to be repositioned or be capable of simply being bent at height in relation to predetermined bending joints or the like. The various types of geosynthetic material allow the containment element to adapt to various conditions of use of the structures formed with the elements according to the invention, and to improve the containment characteristics and the aesthetic appearance of the structures, as well as their Durability If the brackets to place and support the P1468 / 99MX portion constituting the visible front wall are formed to pivot alternately to the rest position or to the operating position, the element in accordance with the invention can be bent at least partially on itself for a storage position or transport where it has, vertically, a minimum size and where it can be packaged together with other elements, for example, in the form of a package of elements arranged one on top of the other, united and held together by means of heat shrinking film, or the similar. The features of the invention are not structurally complex, include considerable reductions in cost, and avoid complications in placement and extended placement times.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The additional features of the invention and the improvements are the objects of the dependent claims. The characteristics of the invention and the advantages that result from them will be clearer from the following description of a non-limiting modality thereof, illustrated in the attached drawings, wherein: Figure 1 is a schematic, perspective view , of the element according to the invention, partially sectioned and in the course of P1468 / 99MX be bent to form a containment element. Figure 2 shows the element of Figure 1 in its bent position for transportation. Figures 3 to 6 show the various stages of the formation and filling of the containment element formed by the element according to the invention, to form a wall with a sloping face. Figure 7 shows a wall in section, with an inclined front face produced by the laying of several containment elements formed by elements according to the previous drawings, placed one on top of the other.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED MODALITIES With reference to the drawings, an element 1 for forming floor covering, containment and reinforcement structures, particularly for forming retaining walls (Figure 7), is formed by means of a wire mesh panel. Continues without any horizontal union. The wire mesh is preferably of the double twisted type with a hexagonal web. The wire mesh is advantageously galvanized and / or plastic coated. The wire mesh panel is divided transversely, in three regions comprising: an intermediate portion 101 forming the front wall P14eß / 99MX visible from the containment element or structure and two end portions 201, 301 which are to form, respectively, a base and an upper part which, in the laying condition, extends a certain distance from the base and is oriented practically parallel to it. The fold lines that divide the intermediate portion 101 of the end portions 201, 301 are defined by metal bars 2, 3 which have the function of reinforcing the wire mesh and which define predetermined bending lines. The intermediate portion 101 further has cross bars 4, arranged in parallel to the delimiting bars 2, 3 and preferably evenly spaced. The intermediate bars are preferably separated by a distance corresponding to a hexagonal web of the fabric and also reinforce the intermediate portion 101 that constitutes the visible front wall of the containment element, they also form predetermined bending lines that allow the walls visible fronts of different heights are formed in accordance with the requirements. Moreover, the brackets 5 for support and placement are articulated towards the intermediate portion 101 or can be articulated thereto by means of staples, rings or metal clips, 105. These brackets are triangular and remain in pivot P14S8 / 99MX from a rest or storage position where they are bent against the inner side of the intermediate portion, to an operative position where the brackets are pivoted to a position practically perpendicular to the intermediate portion 101. The two brackets 5 then allow the intermediate portion 101 to be positioned and, at the same time, supported in the correct operative position when the wire mesh panel is bent to form the containment element. In the rest position, on the other hand, the two brackets 5 are superimposed on the intermediate portion 101, allowing the portion 101 to be bent against the portion 301 that is to form the base, the element as a whole adopting a height condition minimal Naturally, the brackets 5 can be interchangeable by adaptation, to be bent at various heights along the intermediate bars 4, or can still be formed as adaptable elements for example, so that they can be reduced in heights by bending into joints or lines of predetermined bent, as the intermediate portion 101. According to another feature, a layer of containment material with a considerably smaller screen size, is superimposed on the P1468 / 99MX wire cloth inside element 1. This layer of containment material is particularly suitable for use with mixed land and stone fillings or only with soil. The containment layer, indicated as 6, and known in another way, as a geosynthetic layer, can be formed by various materials according to the conditions of use. In use, where it is not in contact with water and in conditions where there is little erosive washing effect, it is possible to use a layer of woven or natural compacted fibers, possibly in combination with a support layer consisting of a plastic material , as the small mesh containment layer 6. To be used under water or in regions that are subject to a strong effect on washout, the small mesh containment layer 6 is constituted by a plastic material called geo-matting ("geo matting"), preferably polypropylene. To further strengthen the visible front wall and to simplify the adaptation operations by means of a certain modularity and compatibility, the brackets 5 are advantageously mounted on a panel 401 containing brackets, which is also made, for example, of wire mesh and which it is fixed in position, P14S8 / 99MX superposed on the intermediate portion 101 which is to form the front wall and the bracket container panels of different sizes are provided in different sizes, according to which, the bending bar 3, 4 is selected. The layer 6 The small mesh containment is confined by the wire mesh panel 401 and is fixed to the channel-shaped element by means of metal clips or the like. Naturally, the brackets are fixed to the reinforcement panel and, therefore, to the intermediate portion 101, with the overlap of the small mesh containment layer 6, between the brackets and the panel. Figures 2 to 6 show the ease with which the elements, according to the invention, can be placed. These elements are put in place and the unit constituted by the intermediate portion 101 and by the end portion 201 forming the upper part of the channel-shaped retaining element is lifted, the two support and placement brackets 5 are brought to the work position. The L-shaped element formed in this way is then filled to a predetermined level with earth, stones or mixtures of earth and stones (7, 7 '). The upper end portion 201 is then bent against the top of the fill 7. The end portion P1468 / 99MX 301 of an additional element stretched in the same manner as described above, may be supported and fixed in this upper portion by means of suitable fasteners with staples. The walls, such as those indicated in Figure 7, can be formed by several elements placed one above the other, as described. In this case, several elements 1 conveniently folded and filled, have been laid one on top of the other, forming an inclined wall. The support and placement brackets 5 allow a front wall to be produced with a uniform and precise inclination. Naturally, if different inclinations are required for different regions or levels of the wall, elements having brackets 5 of support and placement of different shapes can be used to give the intermediate portion 101 a different inclination. Again, in accordance with the type of use or purpose, all of the separation defined by the bent element 1 to form a channel-shaped containment element can simply be filled with earth, or the filling in the head region directly adjacent to the visible front wall can be constituted by broken stone or broken stone joined with earth and the filling can be formed advantageously, in section P1468 / 99MX transverse, similar to an isosceles trapezoid, the inclined portion opposite the front wall has an opposite inclination symmetrically to that of the frontal portion. Naturally, the invention is not limited to the described and illustrated embodiments but can be varied widely, particularly in the structural aspect, without departing from the scope of protection mentioned in the foregoing and which is claimed below.

P14e8 / 99MX

Claims (16)

1. NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION Having described the present invention, it is considered as a novelty and, therefore, the content of the following CLAIMS is claimed as property: 1. An element to form coating structures, containment and reinforcement for floors, in a manner in particular, to form retaining walls, the element comprises a continuous panel of wire mesh, comprising at least a lower portion, an intermediate forward containment portion, and an upper end portion of covering, these portions are delimited in reciprocal relationship by means of reinforcing bars defining predetermined lines for bending the three portions in reciprocal relationship, to form a retaining element practically in the form of a channel, characterized in that at least one reinforcing bar is arranged in the intermediate portion, which serves to form the visible front containment wall that is practically vertical or inclined. An element according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one reinforcing bar in the intermediate portion of the element is a transverse bar inserted in the weft of the metal fabric and extends parallel to the bending and delimiting bars, disposed between the intermediate portion and the two opposite portions, which are PX468 / 99MX to form the base and top of the containment or reinforcement structure in channel form. An element according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least one transverse bar for reinforcing the intermediate portion constitutes a predetermined intermediate bending or articulation line, thus allowing visible front walls of different heights to be formed. An element according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one bracket for supporting and placing the intermediate portion, which is for forming the visible front wall in the practically vertical or inclined correct position, the at least one bracket comprising at least a first and second arms, the first arm comprises the at least one reinforcing bar that supports the intermediate portion to form the visible wall of the containment element, the second arm is parallel to the portion constituting the base. An element according to claim 4, characterized in that at least one support and positioning bracket is articulated with one of the portions or walls of the wire mesh element, so that it has pivotal movement from a rest and storage position where it remains lying against the portion to which it is articulated and extended, P1468 / 99MX therefore, parallel to it, to an operative position where it is arranged practically perpendicular to the portion to which it is articulated. 6. An element according to claim 4, characterized in that at least one bracket for supporting and placing the visible front wall is configured in the shape of a triangle or a trapezoid. An element according to claim 3 and claim 4, characterized in that the element comprises at least two reinforcing bars arranged in the intermediate portion to define the at least one transverse bar and the first arm of the at least one bracket, the less a bracket for supporting and placing the portion forming the visible front wall can be replaced or adapted in height, in accordance with the bending line defined by the at least one transverse bar. An element according to claim 7, characterized in that the at least one bracket for positioning and supporting the visible front face is formed as a modular element that can be fitted onto or removed from the element. An element according to claim 1, characterized in that the front portion is reinforced by means of an additional reinforcement panel of double twisted or welded metal mesh. P1468 / 99MX electrically that is attached to the element. 10. An element according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises a containment layer called geosynthetics with a finer mesh included between the front portion of the wire mesh panel and the additional reinforcement panel, inside the containment element. 11. An element according to claim 10, characterized in that the geosynthetic layer is selected in accordance with the conditions of use of the element, between a group comprising a layer formed by natural fibers in the form of bio-hue or the like, alone or in combination with a reinforcement fabric of plastic material, and a layer formed by a geo-nuance of plastic material. 12. An element according to claim 10, characterized in that in the rest or storage position, the end portion that is to form the upper part and the one that is to form the visible front wall are bent against the base with the interposition of the geosynthetic layer, the reinforcement panel and, the positioning and support brackets in the rest position are against the wall or associated articulation portion, several elements are capable of being stored or packaged in the form of a package comprising several elements lying one on another and joined in a sheet that contracts by heat. P1468 / 99MX 13. A structure comprising earth and / or stones and a containment element, reinforcing or for increasing strength, formed by at least one wire mesh panel, characterized in that the fabric element is formed in accordance with a or more of claims 1 to 12. 14. A structure according to claim 13, characterized in that the channel-shaped retaining element, formed by each fabric element, is filled with earth of any composition. 15. A structure according to claim 13, characterized in that in the region adjacent to the intermediate portion forming the visible front wall, the filling material is constituted by crushed stone joined with earth. 16. A structure according to claim 15, characterized in that the flattened stone filling material connected to the earth has, on the side opposite to the visible front wall constituted by the intermediate portion of the element, an opposite face with a symmetrically opposite inclination, on which holds a land fill of any kind. P1468 / 99MX