MXPA99007175A - Aguutinante diluible in water for lacas de sensacion su - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to soft-feel lacquers comprising water-dilutable binders A having functional groups, chosen from hydroxyl, amino and carboxyl groups, and curing agents B having functional groups capable of reacting with the functional groups of the components A , and forming chemical bonds as entanglement sites, wherein at least one of the components A and B contains a sufficient amount of aromatic constituent units to ensure that the mass fraction of the aromatic constituent units in relation to the solid matter in the combination comprising of binder and curing agent is not less than

Description

AGUUTINANTE DILUIBLE IN WATER FOR LACQUERS "OF SOFT SENSATION" DESCRIPTIVE MEMORY When coating hard substrates such as plastic, it is often intended to achieve a "soft feel" by means of a coating, so that while the surface has a smooth "feel" the mechanical and chemical stability of the coating is not altered in comparison with the usual coatings. The preferred binders for such "soft feel" lacquers will be found in the segment of polymers that exhibit a low low glass transition temperature. On the one hand, this means that the interlacing density must be high enough to avoid or minimize any deterioration of the chemical and mechanical properties as much as possible, and on the other hand, it must be sufficiently low to allow the manifestation of the effects of the macroscopic properties of the low glass transition temperature. For example, in the case of polyurethanes, polyether polyols or polyester polyols having a purely aliphatic character are often used as a segment with a low glass transition temperature. Especially for topcoat applications, the use of aromatic components is generally avoided, as they could cause a photosensitive finished coating and could lead to secondary reactions such as yellowing and a brittle character. However, it has been established that coatings made with binders and curing agents with aliphatic constitutional units, especially polyurethane and polyester having purely aliphatic constitutional units, quickly become sticky upon exposure to UV radiation and lose their mechanical stability. In this way, the task was to find binders for water-dilutable "soft-feel" lacquers that remained stable when exposed to UV radiation. Surprisingly, it has been discovered that the combinations of binders A and curing agents B, provided that one of the two components A and B contains aromatic structural elements, result in coatings with excellent stability against UV radiation. This was the least expected, since aromatic constitutional units normally reduce resistance to light or UV radiation. Therefore, the subject of the invention are combinations of binder A and curing agent B for "soft-feel" coatings, which contain binders dilutable in water A with functional groups chosen from the hydroxyl, amino and carboxyl groups, and curing agents B containing functional groups capable of reacting with the functional groups of component A and capable of forming chemical bonds as entanglement points, wherein at least one of components A or B contains aromatic structural components in such an amount that their mass fraction , in relation to the mass of solids, is equivalent to at least 3%, preferably at least 5% and in cases that are particularly preferred at least 10%. All known classes of polymers containing functional groups selected from the hydroxyl, amino, amide and carboxylic acid groups are suitable as the binder A. Examples of suitable polymers containing hydroxyl groups are polyacrylate polyols, polyester polyols, polyols of polyether and polyurethane polyols; for those containing amino groups, polyether amines, polyaminoalkyleneamines, polyamide amines and polyurethane ureas; and for those containing carboxyl groups, polyester polyols, polyurethane polyols and copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acids, as well as mixtures of all the polymers mentioned above can be given. In this context, the preferred specific amount of hydroxyl, amino or carboxyl group substance in the respective polymers should be at least 0.01 to 2 mmole / g., with the polymers having an average of at least 1.5, preferably between 1.8 and 2.5, and particularly cases of 1.9 to 2.2 of functional groups per molecule are preferred. Preferred binders A are combinations of polymers containing hydroxyl groups, particularly preferred are polyurethanes A1, and polymers containing amino groups, with particular preference for polyurethane ureas A2. Polyester polyols are especially preferred constituents of polyurethanes A1 and A2; however, others may also be used, for example, polyether polyols, polycarbonate polyols, polybutadiene polyols, polyisopropene polyols and polyesteramide polyols. The hydroxyl number of the polyester urethanes A1 that are preferred is equivalent to 10-60, between 20 to 50 is preferred, and 35 to 45 mg / g is particularly preferred; Its glass transition temperature is -70 to -30 ° C, preferably between -60 to -F0 ° C and particularly around -50 ° C. The hydroxyl number of polyester urethane ureas A2 is preferably about 0 to 10, and particularly between 0 and 5 mg / g; their amine number is in amounts of 1 to 15, preferably 3 to 10 and particularly between 4 and 8 mg / g. The glass transition temperature in components A1 is always lower than the glass transition temperature of A2, a difference in glass transition temperature of 5 is preferred, while a difference between 7 and 20 K. is particularly preferred. Within the scope of the invention it is also possible to produce the binders A having segments with at least two different glass transition temperatures and with different functional groups, such that the glass transition temperatures exhibit a difference of at least K. These components A with a block structure can optionally possess, for example, hydroxyl groups as well as amino groups. The mass ratios of the binder components A1 and A2 (solid matter) are from 4: 6 to 9: 1, preferably from 5: 5 to 8: 2, particularly preferably from about 6: 4 to 7: 3. The number of hydroxyls is defined by the German industrial standard (DIN) 53 240 as the quotient of that ITIKOH mass of potassium hydroxide that exhibits the same number of hydroxyl groups as the sample to be tested, and the mass of this sample ( mass of the solid matter in the sample in the case of solutions or dispersions) and its usual unit of measurement is "mg / g". The amine number is defined by the German industrial standard (DIN) 53 176 as the quotient of the mass m «oH of potassium hydroxide, which requires the same amount of acid for neutralization as the sample to be tested, and the mass I? B of this sample (mass of solid matter in the sample in the case of solutions or dispersions) and its usual unit of measurement is "mg / g". Preferred component A1, hereinafter referred to as "soft component", which comprises polyurethane containing hydroxyl groups, can be produced in the known manner from aliphatic, aromatic or aliphatic and aromatic polyols blended with an average of at least two hydroxyl groups per aliphatic, aromatic or aliphatic and aromatic mixed multifunctional molecules and isocyanates, where the amount of substances of the isocyanate groups in the mixture of the reactants is lower than that of the hydroxyl groups. The required water dilution capacity is achieved by the incorporation of anionogenic groups, ie, components carrying acid groups that are at least partially neutralized before or during dispersion in water by the addition of neutralizing agents, such as amines or aqueous alkalis, and in this way they are transformed into anions. As mentioned above, preferred A1 polyurethanes are those derived from polyester urethanes, which are accessed by the polyaddition of A11 polyesters containing hydroxyl groups and multifunctional isocyanates A12. In turn, polyesters A11 are produced in the known manner by means of polycondensation of polyols A111 and multifunctional acids A112 or their ester-forming derivatives, for which purpose it is preferred to use a mixture of at least two aliphatic polyols A111. Preferred polyols for A111 are the aliphatic dihydroxyl compounds. Polyhydric polyols (with three or more hydroxyl groups per molecule, for example, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol and sorbitol) can be used in this mixture up to a mass fraction of 20%. The preferred mass fraction is up to 10%, particularly up to 5% is preferred. Suitable aliphatic polyols A111 are linear or branched dihydroxyl compounds of 2 to 8 carbon atoms such as glycol, 1,2 and 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, diethylene glycol and triethylene glycol. . The mass fraction of the branched dihydroxy compounds should not exceed 5%. As the compounds A112, linear or cyclic aliphatic carboxylic acids are preferred, with particular preference for dicarboxylic acids. Suitable examples are linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having from 2 to 40 carbon atoms, such as succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, as well as suberic acid, azelaic acid and sebacic acid, 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acids, as well as the dimeric fatty acids made from unsaturated fatty acids or their mixtures. A low proportion of di- and polycarboxylic acids (with a mass fraction in the acid component of up to 10%) can also be added. Some examples of these are italic acid, iso- and terephthalic acid, trimellitic and trimesic acids, as well as benzophenonetracarboxylic acid. Instead of or in addition to the compounds A111 and A112, the hydroxy acids can also be used in A114, preferably hydrocarboxylic acid acids, each having at least one hydroxyl group and an acid group, or their acid-forming derivatives. ester. Particular preference is given to monohydroxy monocarboxylic acids. Suitable compounds of this class A114 are α-hydroxybutyric acid, d-hydroxyvaleric acid, e-hydroxycaproic acid, lactic acid, oligoesters and polyesters of these acids or mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred is the technically available poly-e-capriolactone.

The preferred synthesis of polyester A111 is carried out in two stages. In the first stage only the dysfunctional polyol A111 is condensed with the linear, branched or cyclic, carboxylic acids A1 12 in a linear polyester with a hydroxyl number of 20 to 100, preferably 30 to 70, and 40 to 40 is especially preferred. 60 mg / g.

In the second stage A11 1 is condensed further with an additional polyol, where higher functional polyols can also be used in this step. At the end of this second stage the hydroxyl number will be from 50 to 200 mg / g, preferably from 60 to 160 and especially from 70 to 130 mg / g is preferred. The polyester of this second step is then reacted with a compound A113 having at least two hydroxyl and one acid groups, and optionally an additional A11 polyol as well as the multifunctional isocyanate A12 to form the addition product A1. Preferred compounds as A1 13 are aliphatic dihydroxycarboxylic acids such as dimethylpropionic acid and tartaric acid. Acids with at least two amino groups or with at least one amino group and a hydroxyl group, for example 2,4-diaminobutyric acid, can also be used. Multifunctional isocyanates A12 can be aliphatic, a mixture of aliphatic and aromatic, or aromatic. Preferred are the aliphatic, linear, branched and cyclic dysfunctional socianates such as 1,4-diisocyanatobutane, 1,6-diisocyanatohexane, 1,5-diisocyanato-2-methylpentane, 2,2,4- and 2,4,4- trimethyl-1,6-diisocyanatohexane, 1,1-diisocyanatodecane, 1,4-isocyanatocyclohexane, isophorone diisocyanate, bis- (4-isocyanatocyclohexyl) methane and uretdiones, allofanates and reagents derived therefrom. To a lesser extent (up to 10% of the mass of the isocyanate components) isocyanates with three or more functions such as the isocyanurates deriving from the diisocyanates referred to above can also be used. Less preferred is the use of mixed aromatic or aromatic and aliphatic isocyanates, such as tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, bis- (isocyanatophenyl) -methane, toluylene diisocyanate and 1,5-diisocyanatophthalene. The acid groups of this polyester urethane are neutralized by the addition of alkali or amines, preferably by a tertiary amine, and the neutralized addition product A1 can subsequently be dispersed in water, with a mass fraction of solids of about 30 to 70%, preferably around 45 to about 65%. Polyester synthesis and subsequent conversions preferably take place in the absence of organic solvents. Component A2, preferably a polyurethane urea, which is referred to herein after as the "elastic component", is preferably synthesized in three steps. In the first step, initially a polyester A21 with a hydroxyl number of 10 to 90, preferably 30 to 70 and especially preferred of about 40 to about 60 mg / g, is produced from aliphatic polyols A211 with multifunctional carboxylic acids A212 by esterification and elimination of water in the substance or in the molten material. This intermediate, optionally in the presence of small amounts of an inert solvent, such as n-methylpyrrolidine, is converted by adding the A213 component having at least two hydroxyl and one acid groups, and optionally an additional A211 polyol and a stoichiometric excess of a A22 isocyanate multifunctional in the adduct A23 containing isocyanate groups, which is neutralized by a tertiary amine A24 and dispersed in water, and then extended in chain to a polyurethane urea by the addition of a polyamine, preferably a diamine A25 . In doing so, the concentration is chosen in such a way that the mass fraction of the solid matter amounts is from about 20 to about 60%, preferably from 25 to about 50% and in the preferred cases particularly equals to between about 32 to 40% As polymer polyol A211, polypropylene glycol, polytetrahydrofurandiol or polybutadiene diol can also be used. For example, polypropylene glycol 1010 or 2020 or polybutadienodiol PolyBD R-45 HT, Poly BD R-20LM (®Elf Atochem) polyisoprenodiol such as Polilp (®EIf Atochem) or its perhydrated variations such as Polytail-H can be used. or EPOL (both from ®Elf Atochem). Otherwise, the polyols A211, the multifunctional carboxylic acids A212, the compounds A213 and the socianate A22 are selected from the same lists as the corresponding compounds A111, A112, A113 and A12.

As tertiary amines, those which do not have additional functional groups were preferably chosen. Examples of suitable A24 amines are triethylamine, tri-n-e-sopropylamine, tri-n- and isobutylamine, trioctylamine and tridodecylamine. The amines A25 which are used for the chain extension step have at least two primary amino groups, or at least one primary and at least one secondary amino group, or two secondary amino groups, or at least two secondary amino groups; those having two primary amino groups are preferred. The preference is given to amino groups that are attached to an aliphatic carbon atom. Suitable amines are especially aliphatic primary diamines such as ethylenediamine, polyoxyalkylene or polyiminoalkylenediamines having alkylene groups with preferably two to four carbon atoms, such as diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, etc., 1,2- and 1,3-diaminopropane, 1, 4-diaminobutane, 1, 2- and 1, 4-diaminocyclohexane, 2,4,4- and 2,2,4-trimethylhexanediamine, isophorone diamine and tetramethylxylylenediamine. The "soft-feel" lacquer according to the invention is produced by adding suitable interlacing agents B to the components A1 and A2. Suitable as crosslinking agents are all low molecular compounds which react with hydroxyl, amino or carboxyl groups to form a chemical bond between the binder residues and the crosslinking agent as well as a volatile condensate by addition or condensation. In the case of the hydroxyl and amino groups, multifunctional socianates are especially suitable, especially those which are dilutable in water due to the inclusion of anionic or nonionic hydrophilic groups, or in the case of crosslinking agents which react at higher temperatures such as acid anhydrides, aminoplast resins, blocked isocyanates and similar compounds. In the case of carboxylic functional groups, the use of crosslinking agents with epoxide or aziridine groups is preferred. For the A components with hydroxyl and amino groups, the non-blocked multi-functional isocyanates, especially those with hydrophilic modification, are preferred as curing agents B. If the components of the binders A1 and A2 do not contain or contain constitutional aromatic units only in low amounts, gives preference to aromatic isocyanates. In the same way, mixtures of aliphatic aromatic isocyanates can be used. Among the multifunctional isocyanates suitable for the invention, mixed isocyanurates of aromatic aliphatic diisocyanates are particularly preferred, for example those which are accessible by the conversion of aromatic diisocyanates such as TDI (toluene diisocyanate) or MDI (bis (4-iocyanatofenil) methane), with aliphatic diisocyanates such as HMDI (hexamethylene diisocyanate, 1,6-diisocyanatohexane), tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate (TMXDI) or IDPI (isophorone diisocyanate). These isocyanates can subsequently be modified hydrophilically in the known manner by reaction with anionogenic compounds such as dimethylolpropionic acid or other compounds in accordance with A113 or by nonionic hydrophilic compounds, such as polyoxyethylene glycol. The preferred way to produce the soft-feel lacquers from binders A and the curing agent B is by distributing the pigments and, if applicable, the matting agents in component A and formulating the mixture as a ready-to-apply lacquer by addition of a thickener and other usual additives. A formulation in which the thickener is added together with additional amounts of the binders A1 and A2 is particularly preferred. Another preferred embodiment comprises the distribution of the pigment in one of the two binding components A1 and A2 and the delustrant in the other, thus ensuring a fine distribution in the binders. This has turned out to be usable for adding the pigment component to the soft component A1 and the delustrant to the elastic component A2. Other additives such as wetting agents, leveling and dispersing agents and defoamers are added to at least one of the components A1 and A2 respectively. The mass fraction of solids in the finished lacquer also comprises amounts of curing agent of from 35 to 65%, preferably from 40 to 60% and particularly preferred from 45 to 57%. The mass fraction of the solvent in the finished lacquer is typically below 6, preferably below 4%. To modify the surface properties, especially the so-called fixation (haptic), waxes can be added to the lacquers produced according to the invention, which can, for example, further improve the scratch resistance of the cover. As already mentioned above by means of the lacquers made available by the invention, the coatings can be produced on hard substrates of all types, which feel smooth on the surface and thus create, e.g., a non-slip coating . These lacquers are particularly suitable for covering plastics, metals, ceramic materials and glass. The invention is explained by means of the following examples. In this context the following additional definitions will be used: The acid number in accordance with DIN 53 402 is defined as the mass ratio mKoH of potassium hydroxide which is required to neutralize the sample to be investigated and the ITIB mass of this sample (mass of solids in the sample of solutions and dispersions); which is expressed in the usual unit "mg / g". All numbers with unit "%" refer to mass fraction values (g / 1 OOg) unless expressly stated otherwise.

EXAMPLE 1 Production of a "soft" A1 polyester urethane 1. 1 Polyester To a mixture of 32.3 kg of diethylene glycol, 16.42 kg of ethylene glycol and 72 kg of adipic acid was added 330 g of dibutyltin dilaurate and heated to 150 ° C. The resulting water was removed by the addition of xylene and the temperature was raised to 220 ° C in the course of 3 hours. The mixture was maintained at this temperature until an acid number of less than 3 mg / g was reached. The hydroxyl number of polyester obtained was equivalent to 50 mg / g, at 23 ° C in a shear gradient of 25 s "1, a viscosity of about 10 Pa» s was measured. 1. 2 Polyester urethane 2.064 g of the obtained polyester was heated together with 22 g of 1,6-hexanediol, 36.5 g of n-methylpyrrolidine and 150 g of dimethyol propionic acid at 130 ° C, subsequently 273 g of 1,6-hexane diisocyanate were added in the course of 20 minutes and the temperature was maintained for approximately another hour. Upon cooling to 80 ° C, it was neutralized by adding 66 g of triethylamine and converted into a fine dispersion in about 1.950 g of water with a mass fraction of solids of about 55%. This dispersion had a viscosity of about 1000 mPa »s at 23 ° C and a shear stress gradient of 25 s" 1. The hydroxyl number was equivalent to about 27 mg / g, the acid number about 28 mg / g (relative to to the solid matter in the solution).

EXAMPLE 2 Production of a "soft" A1 polyester urethane 9.8 kg of the polyester obtained in Example 1.1 were mixed with 345 g of trimethylol propane, 25 g of ethylene glycol, 109 g of 1,6-hexanediol and 741 g of dimethylol propionic acid and heated to 130 ° C. Upon reaching this temperature, 1,730 g of 1,6-hexanediisocyanate was added in about 20 minutes and the temperature was maintained for about an additional 1 hour. Upon cooling to 80 ° C, it was neutralized by the addition of about 290 g of dimethylethanol amine and converted into a fine dispersion in about 10 kg of water with a mass fraction of solids of about 55%. This dispersion had a viscosity of about 1,000 mPa * s at 23 ° C and a shear stress gradient of 25 s "1. The hydroxyl number was about 40 mg / g, the acid number about 27 mg / g (relative to with respect to the solid matter in the solution).

EXAMPLE 3 Production of a urea elastomeric urea-2 urea 3. 1 Polyester A polyester was prepared from a mixture of 48.2 kg of 1,6-hexanediol, 34.15 kg of adipic acid and 18.53 kg of isophthalic acid to which was added 20 g of dibutyltin dilaurate, at a temperature which was increased from 150 ° C to 220 ° C over the course of 3 hours, while the water of the reaction was removed. The polyester had an acid number less than 3 mg / g and a hydroxyl number of about 80 mg / g. 3. 2 Polyester urethane urea 2.065 g of the polyester was dissolved with 37 g of 1,6-hexanediol and 112 g of dimethylol propionic acid in 1200 g of n-methylpyrrolidone at 50 ° C. 540 g of 1,6-diisocyanate hexane was added to a clear solution and the mixture was allowed to react until the mass fraction of the diisocyanate groups fell below 0.9%. Subsequently 55 g of triethyleneamine was added and the mixture was dispersed in 3300 g of water. A solution of 66 g of diamine isophorone in 700 g of water in this dispersion was stirred vigorously. A dispersion of fine particles was obtained with a mass fraction of solids of approximately 35% and a viscosity of approximately 300 m-Pa-s (23 ° C, 25 s "1) The hydroxyl number within the measurement tolerance was 0 and the number of amine quantified approximately was 5 mg / g.The solvent content of the dispersion equaled approximately 15%.

EXAMPLE 4 Production of a "soft feeling" lacquer 4. 1 With aromatic structure in the binder To 17.8 g of the dispersion of Example 2 was added 0.3 g of a wetting agent (®Additol XL 250 from Vianova Resins GmbH) and 0.5 of a dispersing agent (®Additol VXW 6208) as well as 1.5 g of a carbon black pigment (Spezialshwarz 4 from Degussa GmbH) was added and subsequently homogenized in a ball mill. 22.5 g of the dispersion of example 3 were diluted with 18.5 of water containing 0.3 g of a defoamer (®Additol XW 375) and 3.75 g of each of the two matting agents (OK 412 of Degussa GmbH) and © Pergopak M4 from Martinswerk) and homogenized for approximately 30 minutes with a high-speed stirrer. The two mixtures were added and homogenized together with a mixture of 30 g of the dispersion of example 2, 0.3 g of a wetting agent (®Byk 346 of Byk GmbH) and 0.5 g of a thickener (®Viscalex HV 30 of Allied Colloids). To this finished binder mixture (approximately 100 g), 10 g of a hydrophilically modified isocyanate, based on 1,6-diisocyanatohexane with an isocyanate mass fraction in the solids of approximately 17% (Bayer Bayhydur 3100) were added. AG), and the mixture was left for an effusion time of 180 seconds (DIN-IN-ISO beaker with a 4 mm nozzle at 23 ° C) by the addition of more water. The mass fraction of the lacquer solids equaled approximately 53%. After a storage period of approximately 120 minutes the residual lacquer had to be discarded (end of the so-called "crucible life"). No greater increase in viscosity was observed. 4. 2.1 Purely aliphatic system To 62 g of the dispersion of example 2 was added 0.3 g of a wetting agent (®Additol XL 250) and 0.5 g of a dispersing agent (®Additol VXW 6208) as well as 1.5 g of a black pigment of smoke (Spezialschwarz 4 from Degussa GmbH) and subsequently homogenized in a ball mill. To this lower coating lacquer was added 18.5 g of water, 0.3 g of a defoamer (®Additol XW 375) and 3.75 g of each of the two matting agents (OK 412 from Degussa GmbH and ® Pergopak M4) and homogenized during about 30 minutes with a high-speed agitator. Finally, 0.3 g of a wetting agent (®Byk 346) and 0.5 g of a thickener (®Viscalex HV 30) were added. The mixture was set for a melting time of 180 seconds (DIN-IN-ISO beaker) with a 4 mm nozzle at 23 ° C) by the addition of more water. 10 g of a curing agent (® Bayhydur 3100) was stirred in this lacquer. 4. 2.2 Purely aliphatic system The same formulation as in point 4.2.1 was used, but instead of the dispersion of example 2 the dispersion of example 1 was used. 4. 3 Purely aliphatic system The lacquer was synthesized as in example 4.2.1, however, instead of an aliphatic curing agent (© Bayhydur 3100), 17 g of an aromatic curing agent (Cytec ® Cynethane 3174) was added in the form of solution in 20 g of N-methylpyrrolidone to the lower coating lacquer and homogenized for about 30 minutes with a high speed stirrer. The mixture was also left for an effusion time of 180 seconds by the addition of more water. These lacquers (example 4.1 - 4.3) were used to cover plastic substrates (ABS, PMMA, polystyrene, polycarbonate, flame-treated polypropylene, hard PVC, nylon 66), untreated steel and steel sheets that were treated with a normal size . After drying in air for approximately 5 minutes, the pieces were dried for 30 minutes at 80 ° C. The thickness of the dry film layer was 30 to 35 μm. Chemical resistance was evaluated on the basis of coated steel sheets. At 1, 000 double exposures in a "waste meter" and no chemical attacks were observed upon contact with water, acetone and diluted ammonia and only limited attacks with xylol were observed.

The resistance to UV radiation was measured using a commercial irradiation device. While in the case of the purely aliphatic "soft feeling" system (examples 4.2.1 and 4.2.2) the surfaces changed in the following 24 to 48 hours with the coating and became sticky and slippery, the lacquers in accordance with the invention (examples 4.1 and 4.3) showed no changes even after irradiation periods of more than 700 hours.

Claims (10)

NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS

1. - Soft-feel lacquers comprising water-dilutable binders A having functional groups, chosen from hydroxyl, amino and carboxyl groups, and curing agents B having functional groups capable of reacting with the functional groups of the A components, and forming chemical bonds as entanglement sites, wherein at least one of the components A and B contains a sufficient quantity of aromatic constituent units to ensure that the mass fraction of the aromatic constituent units in relation to the solid matter in the combination comprising of binder and healing agent is not less than 3%.

2. Lacquers with a soft feel according to claim 1, further characterized in that the binders A are combinations of polyurethanes A1 containing hydroxyl groups and of ureas of polyurethane A2 containing amino groups.

3. Soft-feel lacquers according to claim 1, further characterized in that the binders A are a mixture of polyester urethanes A1 containing hydroxy groups and polyester urethane ureas A2 containing amino groups.

4. - Soft-feel lacquers according to claim 1, further characterized in that the curing agent B is an unblocked isocyanate, if suitable one hydrophilically modified, with at least two isocyanate groups per molecule. 5. Lacquers with a soft feel according to claim 2, further characterized by the fact that the polyurethanes

A1 containing hydroxyl groups possess a hydroxyl number of about 10 to about 60 mg / g and a glass temperature of -70 to -30 ° C.

6. Soft-feel lacquers according to claim 2, further characterized in that the polyurethane ureas A2 have a hydroxyl number of about 0 to 10 mg / g, an amine number between 1 and 15 mg / g and a glass temperature between -20 to -60 ° C.

7. Soft-feel lacquers according to claim 2, further characterized in that the glass temperature of the components A1 is at least 5 K lower than the glass temperature of the components A2.

8. Soft-feel lacquers according to claim 2, further characterized in that the mass ratio of the binder components A1 and A2 in relation to the solid matter is equivalent to 4: 6 to 9: 1.

9. - A method for the use of soft feel lacquers according to claim 1, for the application of coatings on hard substrates chosen from plastics, metals, ceramics and glass.

10. Coatings with characteristics of soft feeling that can be made by applying a lacquer according to claim 1.