MXPA99006728A - Device, system and method for on-line explosive deslagging - Google Patents

Abstract

A device, system and method permitting on-line explosives-based cleaning and deslagging of a fuel burning facility (31) such as a boiler, furnace, incinerator, or scrubber. A coolant, such as ordinary water, is delivered to the explosives (101) to prevent them from detonating due to the heat of the on-line facility. Thus, controlled, appropriately-timed detonation can be initiated as desired, and boiler scale and slag is removed without the need to shut down or cool down the facility.

Description

APPARATUS, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR THE REMOVAL OF SCENE IN LINE BY EXPLOSIVES.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION. This publication is related to the field of slag melting of furnaces / heaters, and in particular, publishes an apparatus, system and method that allows the removal of slag in process by explosives. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION o A variety of devices and methods are used for the removal of slag and similar deposits in furnaces, water heaters and similar heat exchange equipment. Some of them are based on chemicals or fluids that interact with the deposits or erode them. Water cannons, steam cleaners, pressurized air and the like are also used. Some approaches make use of temperature variations. And, of course, various types and explosives are also frequently used, creating strong shock waves, and the deposits of slag and heater for the fire. F, l of explosive ispositive is a method of - < mor i i 1- ^ 'T ia ry t icularmen • > What is the reason for the? "(N-i do (h ') ue ^ an explosion afifpia airiPi positioned and timed faith can remove large amounts of slag from ? 5 heater surfaces easily and quickly. But the process is expensive because the equipment must be turned off (ie, put out of line) to carry out this type of cleaning and therefore a valuable productive time is lost. This lost time is not only the time during which the cleaning process takes place. Also several hours before the cleaning are lost since the equipment must be removed from the line in order to cool down and vary hours after cleaning to re-start the equipment and bring it to full operational capacity. If the heater were kept in line during the cleaning process the immense heat of the heater would detonate any explosive placed in it prematurely before the explosive had been placed in the proper position for detonation making the process ineffective and with the possibility of damaging the heater. Worse, the loss of control over the precise timing of the firing of the aunt's detonation would create a serious danger to the personnel who was c ^ rn d l heater at the time of the detonation. Therefore, it has been necessary to turn off any heat exchange equipment for which a slag removal based on explosives is desired. Several patents have been granted in the US for various types of explosions in slag removal. US Pat. No. 5,307,743 and US Pat. No. 5,196,648, respectively, disclose an apparatus and a slag removal method in which the explosive is placed inside a series of hollow flexible tubes and detonated in a timed sequence. To optimize the slag removal process, the geometrical configuration of the explosives and timed are selected. US Pat. No. 5,211,135 discloses a plurality of wick cyclic conglomerates placed in the heater tube panels. To optimize the effectiveness these are placed geometrically and detonate at certain time intervals. Similarly, US Pat. No. 5,056,587 discloses the placement of an explosive bead around the tube panel at appropriately spaced pre-selected locations and the detonation at pre-selected intervals in order to optimize the vibration pattern of the pipe to remove the slag. Each of these patents publishes a certain geometric pattern for the placement of the explosive as well as a timed and sequential detonation to improve the slag process. But an essential problem remains in everything.-; these publications. If the heater had to remain in line during the slag removal process the heater's heat would cause an early detonation of the explosive before it was properly placed, and this out-of-control explosion would not be effective, could damage the heater and could cause Serious injuries to staff.

It would be desirable to design an apparatus, system and method which would allow explosives to be used in a safe and controllable manner for the slag removal process online without the need to turn off the heater during the slag removal process. By allowing a heater or similar heat exchange device to remain in line during the explosive-based slag removal process, valuable operation time can be recovered for fuel combustion equipment. Therefore, it is desired to provide an apparatus, system and method by means of which explosives can be used for the cleaning of a heater, furnace, gas scrubber or any other heat exchange apparatus, which burns fuels, or incineration device, without the need for the team is turned off and thus achieve that the device X. V iii'-rca to its total operational capacity during the process of slag. It is desired to be able to recover the valuable time of operation by virtue of the elimination of the need to turn off the equipment or ? 0 device to clean. It df. s to increase the safety of personnel and the in '-, c c c c c permitiendo permitiendo permitiendo permitiendo permitiendo permitiendo permitiendo permitiendo permitiendo permitiendo permitiendo permitiendo permitiendo permitiendo permitiendo permitiendo permitiendo Resumen Resumen Resumen Resumen Resumen Resumen Resumen Resumen Resumen Resumen Resumen Resumen Resumen Resumen Resumen.

This invention allows the use of explosives for the removal of slag from an oven or a heater, combustion or hot incineration apparatus and in line providing a cooling to the explosive, which keeps the temperature of the explosive well below the temperature of the explosive. detonation. The explosive is placed in the desired position inside the hot heater while the explosive cools. It is then detonated in a controlled manner to the desired time. While a person with ordinary abilities in related work can come up with many obvious variants, the preferred embodiment herein published employs a perforated or semipermeable membrane, which envelops the explosive and the fulminating device or similar detonation device used to detonate the explosive. . A cooling liquid, such as common water, is supplied at a relatively constant flow into the enclosure, thereby cooling the surface of the explosive and keeping it at a temperature well below the detonation temperature. The refrigerant contained in the membrane in turn leaves the membrane with a relatively constant flow through perforations or microscopic openings in the membrane. Therefore, the cooler fluid of cooler putry constantly enters the membrane after the cooling liquid that has been heated by the heater leaves the membrane and the explosive is kept at a temperature much lower than the temperature of detonation. The typical cooling liquid flow for the preferred incorporation is between 20 and 80 gallons per minute. This constant flow of cooling liquid starts when the explosive is placed inside the hot heater. Once the explosive has been placed in the proper position and its temperature has been kept at a low level, the explosive is detonated in the desired manner, thereby removing the slag and thereby cleaning the heater. Brief description of the drawings. The properties of the invention that are believed to be novel are described in the appended claims. However, the invention together with its additional objects and advantages can be better understood by referring to the following description together with the drawing (s) that accompany it, in which: FIG. 1 shows the preferred embodiment of a device, system and method used to carry out the cleaning of an online combustion equipment. Fig. 2 shows the device in its disarmed (pre-shrunk) state, and is used to illustrate the method of assembling the device for use. Fig. 3 illustrates the use of the assembled device to clean; o) online combustion or incineration equipment. Fig. 4 shows an alternative of the preferred embodiment, which reduces the weight of the cooling liquid and improves control over the flow of the cooling liquid and which uses remote detonation.

Detailed description of the preferred embodiment. Fig. 1 shows the basic tool used to clean a combustion equipment such as a heater, an oven, or a similar heat exchange device, or an incinerator and the following discussion outlines the associated method for such inline cleaning. The cleaning of the combustion and / or incineration equipment is carried out in the usual manner by an explosive device 101, such as, but not limited to, an explosive cartridge or other configuration or explosive device properly positioned within the equipment and which is then it detonates so that the expansion waves of the explosion will cause the separation of slag and similar deposits from walls, pipes, etc. Of the team. The explosive device 101 is detonated by a standard fuse 102 or a similar detonation device, which causes a controlled detonation at the desired time based on a signal sent by a standard trigger 103 operated by a skilled operator. However, in order for an explosive-based cleaning to be carried out online, that is, without any need to cool down or cool down the equipment, two prior technical problems must be solved. Firstly, because the explosives were sensitive to heat, the placement of an explosive inside a hot furnace can cause a premature and uncontrolled detonation, creating a danger to both the equipment and personnel close to the explosion. Therefore it is necessary to find a way to cool the explosive while it is placed inside the on-line equipment and ready for the explosion. Second, it is not possible for a person to physically enter the heater or furnace to place the explosive due to the immense heat present inside the equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to design a way to place the explosive that can be controlled and managed from the outside of the burner or furnace. In order to adequately cool the explosive, it is provided with a cooling jacket 104, which completely envelops the explosive. • will allow a pumping of refrigerant, such as plain water, to ^ inside, which will keep the explosive device 101 in a cooling state until the unit is ready for detonation. Due to the direct contact between the cooling liquid and the explosive device 10I, the latter ideally will be made of plastic or a similar waterproof encapsulation, which contains the powder or any other explosive material. This cooling jacket 104 is a semi-permeable membrane, which allows the water to flow towards the outside to LU? reasonably controlled speed. It may have a series of perforations made in it or it may be constructed of any suitable semipermeable membrane for the delivery of cooling liquid as will be described. This semipermanency characteristic is illustrated in fig. 1 by a series of small points 105 distributed over the wrapper 104. The wrapper 104 is attached to a cooling liquid supply tube 106 at an open end (refrigerant inlet opening) by a wrapper connection 107. As shown in FIG. shows here, the wrapper connection 107 is a conical device permanently attached to the coolant supply pipe 106 which, moreover, has a standard thread 108. The same wrapper, at its open end, is permanently attached and fixed to a complementary thread (not shown), which is screwed and easily fixed to the thread 108 of the connection 107. Even when fig. 1 shows threads in connection with a conical device as a particular way of fixing the casing 104 to the cooling liquid supply tube 106, any type of clamp, and in fact, many other forms of subjection known by any person with ordinary skills can present a possible and obvious alternative, and such substitutes for the connection of the envelope 104 to the tube 106 are considered within the scope of this publication and associated claims. The cooling liquid supply tube 106, in the area that resides inside the envelope 104, further has a number of cooling liquid delivery openings 109, perforated twin holders 110 and an optional stop plate 111. The explosive device 101 with the primer 102 is attached to one end of an explosive connector (broomstick) 112 by an explosive coupling 113 to broomstick such as adhesive tape, wire, rope or any other means that provides a coupling. insurance. The other end of the broomstick is inserted through the perforated twin holders 110 until it meets the stop plate 111, as shown. At this point the broomstick can be additionally secured by, for example, a screw 114 with a wing nut 115 which passes through the broomstick 112 and the cooling liquid supply tube 106, as shown . Even when fasteners 110, the stop plate 111 and the screw 115 and the wing nut 114 provide a secure way of securing the broom nose 112 to the supply tube 106, 5 hooks can be designed other safe ways to fix the stick of broom 112 to tube 106 by someone with ordinary skills, all of which are contemplated within the scope of this publication and the associated claims. The length of the broomstick 112 may vary, although for its effectiveness ' ' • from The end of the tube 106 containing the cooling liquid supply openings 109, thereby minimizing any possible damage to the tube 106 and the aforementioned components when the explosive is detonated and also reducing any shock wave that is transmitted to the through the tube to the operator of the present invention.

In the configuration published up to this point a cooling liquid, such as water under pressure, entering from the left end of the tube 106 as shown in FIG. 1, will travel through the tube and exit the tube through the cooling liquid supply openings 109 in the manner illustrated by the directional flow arrows 116. The cooling liquid exiting the tube 106 through the openings 109 enters the interior of the envelope 104 and fill and expand the envelope. As the cooling liquid fills the envelope it comes into contact with the explosive device 101 and cools it. Because the envelope 104 is semipermeable (105) the water will also come out of the envelope according to the filling of the envelope, as shown with the directional arrows 116a, so that the entry into the tube 106 of water under pressure, in combination with the exit of water through the semipermeable membrane (105) of the envelope 104 will deliver a constant and stable flow of cooling liquid to the explosive device 1 n1. The cooling assembly and 1 impiece 11 published up to this point in turn is connected to a supply of cooling liquid and to a positioning system of the explosive 12 as SYMMI. A hose with water service (for example, but not limited, a standard Chicago 3/4"fire hose and water service) is connected to a hydraulic pipe 122 (eg pipe) using a suitable hose copy 123 The cooling liquid, preferably common water, flows under pressure through the hose as indicated by the directional arrow 120. The end of the tube 122 opposite the hose 121 has a coupling shape 124 such as a thread that complements itself. and joins with a similar thread 117 in the tube 106. Of course any way known to any person of ordinary skill to attach the tube 122 to the tube 106 in the manner suggested by arrow 125 in Fig. 1, and finally to the Wrapper 104 is acceptable and contemplated within this publication and its associated claims.Finally, the explosion is achieved by electrically connecting fulminator 102 with trigger 103. This is accomplished by connecting the trigger 103 to a pair of conducting wires 126 which in turn are connected to another pair of conducting wires 118 and which in turn are connected with a wire wiring of fulminating wire 119. This pair of wiring wires of fulminating wheel 119 is finally connect to fulminant 102. The pair of conductive wires 126 enters tube 122 from trigger 103 through a lead-in port 127 as shown, and then runs through the interior of tube 122, exiting through the ~ > far end of said tube. (This port of entry 127 may be constructed in any way obvious to a person with ordinary skills as long as it allows the entry of the wire 126 into the tube and prevents any significant loss of cooling liquid.) The second pair of conducting wires 118 runs inside the tube 106 and the pair of wires 119 of the primer is inside the envelope 104, as shown. Therefore, when the operator operates the trigger 103, an electric current flows directly to the fulminator 102 thereby detonating the explosive 101. While FIG. 1 shows the electronic detonation of the fulminant and the explosive by means of a connection by means of solid wire, it is contemplated that any other alternate mode of detonation known by someone with ordinary skills can also be used and is understood within this publication and its associated claims . Therefore, for example, the detonation by a remote detonation signal connection between the detonator and the fulminant (which will be discussed more extensively in Fig. 4) and thereby eliminating the need for wires 126, 118 and 119, is a very preferred alternative embodiment for detonation. Similarly a shock n > electronic (dp go, percussion) and heat sensitive detonation may also be used within the scope of this publication and its associated claims. While any suitable liquid can be pumped into the system as a cooling liquid, the preferred cooling liquid is common water. This is cheaper than any other coolant, adequately performs the necessary cooling and is available in any place that has a supply of water under pressure that can be supplied to this system. Without objecting to this preference for common water as a cooling liquid, this publication contemplates that many other cooling liquids known to someone with ordinary skills can also be used and all such cooling liquids are contemplated within the scope of the claims. At this point we will turn to the discussion of the methods by which the cleaning device described above is assembled or how it is used. Fig. 2. Shows the preferred embodiment of fig. 1 in its pre-assembled state, disassembled in its main components. The explosive 101 is coupled to the fulminator 102 with the fulminant in turn connected to one end of the driving wire pair of the fulminator 119. This assembly is attached to one end of the broomstick 112 by means of the explosive attachment means to Broomstick such as adhesive tape, wire, rope, etc. Or any other means known to Someone with ordinary skills, Lal as described in fig. 1. The other end of the broomstick 112 slides inwardly from the two perforated supports 110 of the tube 106 to the stop plate 111, also shown in FIG. 1. P1 can be used. screw 114 and wing nut 115, or any other obvious means, to secure the broom handle 112 to the tube 106. The second pair of lead wires 118 is connected to the free end of the wires of the primer 119 to provide thereby an electrical contact between them. Once this assembly has been achieved, the semipermeable cooling jacket 104 (105) is slid over this assembly and fixed to the jacket connector 107 by the thread 108, by a clamp or by any other obvious clamping means, as shown in fig. 1. The right side (in Fig. 2) of the pair of conducting wires 126 is connected to the free end of the second pair of conducting wires 118, thereby providing electrical conduction therebetween. The tube 106 is then connected to one end of the hydraulic tube 122 as also discussed in FIG. 1 and the hose 121 is connected to the other end of the tube 122, thereby completing all the cooling liquid supply connections. The trigger is connected to the free end of the pair of conducting wires 126 thereby forming an electrical connection therebetween and thereby completing the connection of the detonator 103 with the fulminator 102. When all the above connections have been achieved the in-line cleaning device has been achieved. it will be completely assembled according to the configurations shown in fig. 1. Now, fig. 3 shows the use of this fully assembled cleaning device for cleaning a combustion equipment 31, such as a heater, furnace, gas scrubber, incinerator, etc. And, in fact, any fuel burning or waste equipment for which cleaning by explosives is adequate. Once the cleaning device was assembled according to fig. 2 the flow 120 of cooling liquid is started through the hose 121. As the cooling liquid passes through the hydraulic pipe 122 and the pipe 106 will exit through the openings 109 to fill the shell 104 and to supply a flow of cooling liquid (eg water) surrounding the explosive 101, keeping the explosive at a relatively low temperature. The optimum flow is in a range between approximately 20 and 80 gallons per minute. Once this flow is established and the explosive is kept cool, the complete cooling and cleaning assembly 11 is placed within the in-line equipment 31 through an inlet port such as a hatch, window, portal or other similar port while the The explosive positioning system 12 and the supply of cooling liquid remain outside the equipment. The tube 106 or the tube 122 rests against the bottom of the inlet port 32 at a point near where the assembly 11 meets the system 12 at the point designated by 33. Because the cooling liquid that is pumped to through the wrapper 104 introduces a significant weight to the assembly 11 (also adding some weight to the system 12) a downward force designated by 34 is exerted on the system 12, in which the point 33 acts as a fulcrum. Applying an adequate force 34 and using 33 as a point of support the operator places the explosive 101 in the desired position. Furthermore, it is also possible to place a support point adjustment device (not shown) at 33 in order to provide a stable point of support and also to protect the bottom of port 32 from the significant weight pressure exerted at the point support. During all this time there is a constant flow of new (colder) cooling liquid to the system while the older (warmer) cooling liquid that was heated by the in-line equipment exits through the semi-permeable membrane 104, of so that this continuous flow of cooling liquid keeps the explosive 101 in a cold state. Finally, when the operator moved the explosive 101 to the desired position, the detonator 103 is activated to initiate the explosion. This explosion creates a shock wave in region 35 which cleans and removes the slag from that region of the heater or similar equipment while the heater / equipment is still hot and in line. Referring again to fig. 2, during the explosion both the explosive 101 and the fulminating 102, the fulminating wire 9, the broomstick 112 and the attachment means to the broomstick 133, as well as the casing, are destroyed by the explosion. Therefore, it is preferable to manufacture the broom handle 112 of a wood or other material that is cheap and can be disposed of after a single use. "" Similarly, wrapper 104, which will only be used once, should be made of a material that is cheap but strong enough to maintain its physical integrity while pumping pressurized water into it. And of course the envelope should be semipermeable (105), which is achieved, for example, using any membrane that essentially acts as a filter, either with a limited number of macroscopic perforations or with a large number of fine microscopic holes. On the other hand all the other components, particularly the tube 106 and all its components 107, 108, 109, 110, 111 and 118, as well as the screw 114 and the wing nut 115, are reusable and therefore should be designed with materials of adequate durability in the vicinity of the explosion. (Again note that the length of the broomstick 112 determines the distance between the tube 106 and its components of the explosion and that a distance of two feet or more is a desirable distance to be conserved between the explosive 101 and any of the components of the tube 106. .) Additionally, because the cooling liquid that fills the envelope 104 adds a significant step to the right side of the fulcrum 33 in FIG. 3, the construction materials of the laying assembly 11 should be as light as possible as long as they can withstand both the heat of the furnace and the explosion (the envelope should be as light as possible but resistant to any damage by possible heat), while, as a counterweight to the weight of 11, both the supply of cooling liquid and the positioning system 12 can be constructed with heavier materials and can even include an additional weight simply as a counterweight. The weight of the water can also be balanced by lengthening the system 12 so that the force 34 can be applied at a greater distance from the point of support 33. And of course, even though the system 12 shown here incorporates a single tube 122, it is obvious that this assembly can also be designed for the use of a plurality of tubes joined together and can also be designed so that it is telescopic of a shorter tube within a longer tube. All these variations, as well as others that may be obvious to someone with ordinary skills, are covered by this publication and are included in the scope of their associated claims. Fig. 4 shows a preferred alternative embodiment to this invention with a reduced cooling liquid weight and with better control over the flow of the cooling liquid and with remote detonation. In this alternative embodiment the primer 72 now detonates the explosive 101 by a wireless remote control signal 401 sent from the detonator 103 to the fulminator 102. This eliminates the need for the inlet port 127 of the lead wire in the tube 122 shown in FIG. 1, as well as the need to introduce the pairs of wires 126, 118 and 119 through the system to bring the current of the detonator to the fulminant.

In addition, fig. 4 shows a modified envelope, which is narrower where the cooling liquid enters the tube 106 and is wider in the region 402 of the explosive 101. Additionally, this envelope is impermeable in the region where the cooling liquid enters and is permeable (105) only in the region near the explosive 101. This modification achieves two results. First, since the main objective of the invention is to cool the explosive 101 so that it can be introduced into an in-line combustion equipment, it is desirable to make the region in which the explosive is not as narrow as possible, reducing with it the water weight of this region and thereby facilitating the achievement of the proper balance on the point of support, as discussed in connection with FIG. 3. Similarly, by expanding the envelope 104 near the explosive 101, as shown by 402, a larger volume of cooling liquid will be obtained precisely in the area where it is needed to cool the explosive 10; and therefore the cooling efficiency is improved. Secondly, since it is desirable that the hotter cooling liquid that remained inside the envelope for a longer period of time leaves the system in favor of a cooler cooling liquid that was recently introduced into the envelope, the waterproofing the entrance region and the intermediate section of the envelope 104 will achieve that all the newly introduced cooling liquid reaches the explosive before the cooling liquid leaves the envelope 104 through the permeable section (105) in the section 402 Similarly, the cooling liquid in the permeable region of the envelope will typically have remained there for the longest time and will therefore be the hottest. Therefore, the cooling liquid that leaves the system is precisely the cooling liquid that must come out, while the colder cooling liquid can not leave the system until it has traveled through the entire system and therefore has become more hot and therefore ready to leave. While the publication has discussed the preferred embodiment up to this point, it is obvious to someone with ordinary skills that there are many alternative embodiments to achieve the result of the invention disclosed herein. For example, even here an aligner, a stick configuration and a single explosive device, any other geometric configuration of explosives, including a plurality of explosive devices and / or the introduction of various timing devices such as are usual in the Multiple devices: "Explosives are contemplated within the scope of this publication and the associated claims. This would include, for example, the different configurations of explosives such as those published in the different patents cited above, in which said configurations can be provided with a means with which a cooling liquid can be supplied to the explosive of such way that an online detonation is allowed. In short, it is contemplated that the supply of cooling liquid to one or more explosive devices by any means obvious to someone with ordinary skills that allows said explosive devices to be introduced into combustion equipment and then be detonated simultaneously or serially. a controlled manner is contemplated within the scope of this publication and the associated claims. Additionally, while only certain features of the invention were illustrated and described, many modifications, changes and substitutions will occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, it should be understood that the appended claims are intended to cover all modifications and changes that fall within the true scope of the invention.

Claims (11)

1. Claims A system for the removal of slag in an explosive-based heat exchanger device (31), characterized by: an explosive device (101); a cooling jacket (104, 104 ') surrounding said explosive device (101); cooling liquid supply means (12,106) that supply a flow of cooling liquid to said cooling jacket (104,104 ') so that said explosive device (101) is thereby surrounded and cooled by said cooling liquid; an explosive positioning means (12, 106, 112) that allows at least one person to stop and move one of the two ends of said explosive positioning means (12, 106, 112) to move the cooled explosive (101), fixed at a second end of said two ends of said posi donor medium of the explosive (12, 10-, 112) towards the inside and inside said heat exchanger equipment (31). ) of hot heat and in line to a position suitable for the removal of slags from said heat exchanger equipment (31) by detonation of said explosive device (101), while said cooling liquid is thereby supplied to the envelope (104,104 ') and thereby prevents the heat of said heat exchanger equipment (31) from detonating said explosive device (101) while said person remains outside said heat exchanger equipment (31); and means for detonating said explosive device (1)) at will. The system according to claim 1, wherein said cooling liquid supply means (12,106) and said explosive positioning means (12, 106, 112) coincide so that said cooling liquid is thus supplied to said cooling jacket (104,104 ') through said explosive positioning means (12, 106, 112). The system according to claim 1 wherein said cooling jacket (104, 104 ') is semipermeable (105), whereby the cooling liquid that enters the jacket (104, 104') through a the cooling liquid inlet aperture of the envelope (104, 104 ') leaves the envelope (104, 104') through permeations (105) in the envelope (104, 104 '), resulting in a constant flow of liquid from the envelope (104, 104'). 4. Cooling to and around said explosive device (ion 4. I s ss ema of claim 3, in which said in oltprA "enfr i asbestos (104, 104 ') is semipermeable (105) tn i r-' | i ", surrounds the explosive? l01) and impermeable in the region near said cooling liquid inlet opening, whereby the relatively hot cooling liquid that was inside the envelope (104.104 ') for a relatively long time greater leave the envelope (104,104 ') before ex liquid? relatively cooler cooling that was inside the envelope (104, 104 ') for a relatively shorter time, thereby resulting in better cooling of the explosive (101). The system of claim 1 wherein said cooling jacket (104,104 ') is wider in the region surrounding the explosive (101) and narrower in all other regions whereby the explosive (101) is cooled properly while the weight of the cooling liquid inside the envelope (104,104 ') is kept as low as possible thereby facilitating the proper positioning of the explosive (101) for detonation of slag removal. The system according to claim 1, wherein said cooling liquid supply means (12,106) consist of a cooling liquid supply pipe (106) that coincides with said second end and connects in said extreme junction to and with said cooling envelope (101,104 ') d "so that a scion of said cooling liquid supply tube (106) remains on the outside of said cooling envelope (104,104') and the remaining section of said tube (106) remains within said cooling jacket (104, 104 '), and where the cooling liquid flow into the cooling jacket (104, 104') is carried out because said cooling liquid enters the section of the tube (106) that resides on the outside of the envelope (104, 104 '), flows through the tube (106) towards the remaining section within the envelope (104, 104') and then leaves said remaining section towards the inside of the envelope (104, 104 '). The system of claim 1, further comprising an attachment means of the explosive (112) connecting said explosive (101) at a position within said cooling envelope (104, 104 '), wherein said means of delivery of cooling liquid (12, 106) further contains a cooling liquid supply tube (106) which coincides with its second end, in which said means of connection of the explosive (112) is subject to the explosive (101) and the tube (106) for maintaining the explosive (101) and the tube (106) in a relative position with each other and thereby holding the explosive (101) in said position within said cooling envelope (104, 104 ' ). The system according to claim 1 further comprising an attachment means of the explosive (112) connecting said explosive device (101) at a position within said cooling envelope (104, 104 '). The system of claim 1, further comprising a primer (102) attached to the explosive (101) and a detonator (103), in which activation of said detonator (103) activates said primer (102) and activation of said fulminant (102) in turn detonates the explosive (101). The system of claim 9, wherein the primer is activated by the detonator (103) through a remote wireless signal (401). The system of claim 1, wherein said cooling liquid supply means (12,106) contains a hydraulic pipe (122) connected to a separate cooling liquid supply pipe (106), in which each pipe of supply of cooling liquid, said means of connection of the explosive, connected to said device, in a position inside said cooling envelope, and said hydraulic tube (122), is a module of said system before the assembly of these modules for forming said system, and where, after assembly of said system, the resulting configuration is such that: a fulminant (102) is attached to the explosive (101); a signal connection is established between a detonator (103) and said fulminant; the tube (106) and the explosive (101) are fixed at a predetermined position relative to one another by said means for connecting the explosive (112); the casing (104, 104 ') is fixed to a first end of the two ends of the tube (106) so that it surrounds the explosive (101); and the hydraulic tube (122) is fixed to a second end of the two ends of said tube (106). said explosive device (101), said cooling jacket (104, 104 '), said cooling jacket (104, 104'), and leaves the cooling jacket (104, 104 ') through permeations (105) in said sheath (104, 104 '), resulting in a constant flow of cooling liquid to and around said explosive device (101). 15. The method of claim 14, wherein said cooling jacket (104, 104 ') is semipermeable (105) in the region surrounding the explosive (101) and impermeable in the proximal region said liquid inlet opening. cooling, the relatively hot cooling liquid that was inside the envelope (104.104 ') for a relatively longer time comes out of the envelope (104.104') before the relatively cooler cooling liquid that was inside the envelope (104.104 ') for a relatively shorter time, thereby improving the supply step of the cooling liquid flow. The method of claim 12 wherein said cooling jacket (104, 104 ') is wider in the region surrounding the explosive (101) and narrower in all other regions, thereby bringing the explosive (101 ) is cooled adequately and the weight of the cooling liquid within the envelope (104, 104 ') is kept as low as possible thereby facilitating the step of holding and moving said cooling liquid supply means (12,106) in a manner that allows the adequate positioning of the explosive (101) for the slag removal. The method of claim 12, wherein said cooling liquid supply means (12,106) further comprises a cooling liquid supply tube (106) coincident at its second end and which is connected at this second end with and into the interior of the cooling jacket (104, 104 ') and wherein the cooling liquid supply passage into the cooling jacket (104, 104') is additionally characterized in that said cooling liquid enters the cooling envelope (104, 104 '). in said cooling liquid supply tube (106) by a section of the tube (106) which is located outside said cooling jacket (104, 104 '), flowing through the tube (106) to a remaining section in the inside of said cooling envelope (104, 104 ') and leaving this remaining section towards the interior of said cooling envelope (104, 104'). The method of claim 12, wherein said explosive device (101) is connected by an explosive connection means (112) at a position within said cooling envelope (104)., 104 '). The method of claim 12 wherein the fulminator (102) is attached to the explosive (101) and in which the detonation step of said explosive device (101) at will comprises the triggering steps of the detonator (103) , said detonator (103) in turn activates said detonator (102) and said detonator (102) in turn detonates the explosive (101). The method of claim 19 wherein the step of said detonator (103) which activates said fulminator (102) is carried out by sending a remote wireless signal (401) from said detonator (103) towards the fulminating (102). 21. A method of assembling an explosive-based system for the removal of slag in hot and in-line heat exchange equipment (31), comprising the steps of: attaching a primer (102) to an explosive device (101) ); establishing a signal connection between a detonator (103) and said detonator (102); fixing a cooling liquid supply tube (106) and the explosive (101) at a predetermined position relative to one another by an explosive connector; fixing a cooling jacket (104, 104 ') to a first end of the two ends of the tube (106) so that it surrounds the explosive (101); and connecting a hydraulic pipe (122) to a second end of said two ends of the pipe (106). 22. An explosive-based system for the removal of slag in hot and online heat exchange equipment (31) comprising: An explosive device (101), a cooling jacket (104, 104 '), a cooling liquid supply pipe (106), an explosive connection means (112), a hydraulic pipe (122), each being of them a module of said system before the assembly of these modules to form said system, and where, after the assembly of said system, the resulting configuration is such that: a fulminant (102) is attached to the explosive (101); a signal connection is established between a detonator (103) and said fulminant; the tube (106) and the explosive (101) are fixed at a predetermined position relative to one another by said means of connecting the explosive (112); the casing (104, 104 ') is fixed to a first end of the two ends of the tube (106) so that it surrounds the explosive (101); and the hydraulic tube (122) is fixed to a second end of the two ends of said tube (106).