MXPA99005316A - Removable block for immobilising a vehicle wheel on a perforated carrying structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The block comprises a body (1) or (30) formed by two lower (9) or (32) and upper (10) or (33) parallel branches spatially offset, mutually joined at one of their ends by an inclined connecting section (11) or (34), the upper branch (10) or (33) extending by a bent portion to form a curved ramp (16) or (49) for lateral guiding towards the central part of the block. The block has at the end opposite to the inclined connecting section (11) or (34) a single locking member for being fixed to the flooring completed by at least a centering and immobilising structure. This invention is useful for transporting road vehicles on lorries and wagons.

Description

REMOVABLE CALCE FOR THE IMMOBILIZATION OF A WHEEL OF A VEHICLE ON A TUBE PERFORATED CARRIER STRUCTURE The present invention relates to a removable shim for the immobilization of a wheel of an automotive vehicle on a perforated carrier structure. There are already different types of adaptable chocks on the carrier planes for example of an automotive or railway vehicle intended for the transport of automotive vehicles, especially automobiles. For this purpose, French patent No. 2,725,946 in the name of the applicant can be cited. The shroud described in this patent has a support and blocking base that is immobilized in the perforations of the carrier plane, and a shim structure mounted pivotably on the support base between two positions, one in lying position, parallel to the plane carrier, which allows the passage of vehicles, and another in straightened presentation, perpendicular to the carrier plane, for the immobilization of vehicles. The plate type support shim has two retaining nails in the subsurface, by means of which it is anchored on the carrier plane. These locking nails, adapted to sink each one in a perforation of the carrier plane, are pivoted simultaneously in rotation in the manner of a rotating latch between a presentation in which they penetrate or are extracted from the perforations, and a position in which they are blocked in these perforations for the immobilization of the fit on the carrier plane of the car-carrying unit. Another match is known from French Patent No. 2,684,054 in the name of Officina Meccanica di Migliore Livio. It comprises two crosspieces transverse to the carrier plane that support the wheel of the vehicle to be immobilized, and two locking fingers by means of which it is immobilized on the carrier plane. One of the fingers is pivoted between an unlocked position of the shim into which it penetrates or is extracted from a perforation of the carrier plane, and a locking position pivoted by 90 ° with respect to the unlocking position in which it is locked in the drilling. The other locking finger mounted with respect to a distance of the first locking finger corresponding to the interval separating two perforations is provided fixed. One can also cite the fit described in European patent No. 0710,584 in the name of the ssbohrer company. This fit is constituted by a transversal branch of arrest with lateral returns, the assembly is formed in a single piece from a tubular profile. It also has two locking fingers for anchoring on the carrier plane, one of which is mounted in the manner of a pivoting hook and the other is fixed. The previous shims described succinctly hereinabove present each at their ends at least one finger or an immobilization finger by means of which they are anchored on the carrier plane. According to the embodiments considered, one and the other, or one or the other of these nails pivots between a position of release of the shim in which they are parallel to the longitudinal axis of opening of a perforation of the carrier plane, and a position of immobilization in which they are blocked in these perforations. This technical solution has been retained in order to ensure reliable maintenance of the fit and therefore of the vehicle transported on the carrier plane of a means of transport. This prior solution with two end locking fingers nevertheless has numerous drawbacks. It returns the difficult positioning and removal operations of the fit. In effect, after putting the shim in its place on the carrier plane, each of the securing fingers must be brought to coincide in placement with the opening of a perforation of the carrier plane. This operation, carried out manually, becomes difficult and painful for the operator due to the high weight of this type of fit and the lack of access to the latch located on the inside of the load plane, that is, on the side of the vehicle to be transported. Inversely, e-n phase of extraction of the fit, the securing fingers are frequently blocked in the perforations. The extraction operations are also more difficult when the wheel of a vehicle is in abutment against the stop structure of the coupling. These previous shims also present a higher cost price from manufacturing. The object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks. For this purpose, the invention relates to a removable fit for the immobilization of a wheel of a vehicle on a perforated carrier structure, characterized in that it has at one of its ends a lock member by means of which it is anchored on the carrier structure and because the upper branch extends downwards to the base of engagement by means of a layered return with a round shape that extends downwards to delimit a curved guide ramp toward the central part of the socket. The advantages of the present invention can be stated as follows: the positioning and extraction of the fit is facilitated; - unique assurance-unsecured mechanism, which entails less of the fit, which makes it possible to assemble and anchor it on the carrier surface with great speed and less risks of error and malfunction; - no duplication of the securing and unsecuring mechanism that carries a weaker weight and a simpler and less onerous manufacturing and that allows the reduction of the length of your body; the shape of the shoe reduces its volume and its impression on the floor in particular, no aggressive part passes from the vertical plane that passes through the upper branch; the fit is shorter than those that currently exist, therefore it is: lighter - easier to handle and store does not cause any interference with the suspension triangles of the cars with reduced ground clearance; The unique securing-unlocking mechanism is located on the external side of the transported vehicle, which avoids the problem of access under the transported vehicle for the positioning, securing and removal of the fit; the extraction is effected by a detachment movement with respect to a rim; the body of the shim is formed by a flat tube in the shape of a lying U whose plane defined by the two parallel branches is inclined and with a surface projected to the floor superior to the volume of the base of engagement; - the tube from which the body of the shim is formed constitutes a smooth non-aggressive edge for the rims, also when the shims are fixed fixed on the edge along the loading plane; the body of the shim can be advantageously realized by simple bending of a tube and the lateral base by forging or by molding. The invention will be better understood with the reading of the description that follows, made on two embodiments of the fit with reference to the accompanying drawing on which: Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the fit according to the invention represented alone and mounted on a carrier structure with perforated parquet. Figure 2 is a perspective view of the first embodiment on a perforated platform that immobilizes a wheel. Figure 3 is a skewed perspective view of the front part of the fit according to the first mode. Figure 4 is a skewed perspective view of the rear part of the shroud according to the first mode; Figure 5 is a perspective view from below showing the different parts of the exploded latch. Figure 6 is a bottom view of the perforated platform showing the nail, the positioning lug and the securing finger gripped on or in the perforations. Figures 7 and 8 are diagrams explaining the work of the locking finger. Figure 9 is a plan view of a wheel resting against the shim. Figures 10 and 11 are profile and plan views illustrating the configurations of a wheel with respect to a shim in the arrangement position. Figures 12 and 13 are perspective views of bias respectively of the front and back of the fit according to a variant with three locking points. Figure 14 is a front view of the aforementioned shim, next to the handle of the locking member. Figure 15 is a profile view of the aforementioned shim beside the handle of the locking member. Figure 16 is a plan view of the coupling according to the variant shown on figures 12 and 13 with a side of a part of the platform on which it is mounted and on the other hand the immobilizing rim on one side. The shroud according to the invention has an elongate transverse body 1 mounted on an immobilization base, for example by anchoring it on a carrier structure 3, floor or other, formed of optionally corrugated plates such as 4 having perforations, for example oblong 5 and with projecting edge. , arranged in rows such as 6 and in lines such as 7. The shim on which a wheel fitted with a rim 8 of an automotive vehicle comes to be unsecured is then separated from the perforated carrier structure 3 by the succession of a simple manual maneuvering on a tip or lever and a detachment movement. According to a variant, it can be folded vertically to allow the release of the front passage of the wheel previously immobilized by the coupling. This maneuver of escamotaje is a pivotamiento around a parallel or perpendicular axis l the carrier structure until a stopped position or lying perpendicular to that one. The shim can also hide or fit along the platform in the bearing direction. The transverse body 1 has a particular elongated shape with two parallel branches against which the rim 8 is fitted. A lower branch 9 and an upper branch 10 are distinguished, offset in space in the direction of rolling and joined together at the end free of the fit by means of an inclined section of link 11 forming a support of generally lying U shape that can be manufactured in one piece by bending of the tube or by molding.

The lower branch 9 is arranged sufficiently low to support at least one site on the inter-perforation zone. It can be fitted in the space delimited by the longitudinal edges with respect to the perforations of two successive lines 7. The inclined plane delimited by the two branches is of such dimensions and inclination with respect to the volume of the shim that the projected surface thereof substantially covers the surface of the anchor block of the shim and completely the bolt. This feature allows the body of the shim to play the role of a protection for the mechanical parts of the shim with respect to the danger represented by the tires of the cars that circulate in the vicinity and, conversely, to protect the tires from any protrusion capable of damaging them. The plane delimited by the two branches 9 and 10 is tilted upward in the direction of approaching the rim leaving the latch in the front of the shim as can be seen on Figure 2. At the other end of the shim, the branch top 10 is extended downwards by a round elbow return 12. This round elbow 12 extends downwards to an immobilization base 13 by a curved connection widening 14 relating to the base of the hook 13 to which it is joined at a low level, the end of the lower branch 9.

This conformation delimits a guide space in hollow 15 that extends between the hook base 13 and the birth of the round elbow 12. The hollow guide space 15 is progressively bent and curved to form a curved side ramp 16 towards the part central of the fit. The curved lateral ramp 16 of the guide space 15 allows to guide without damaging the rim 8 towards the central part of the coupling to put it in immobilization contact with at least the upper branch 10 in the case of an initial orientation of the rim not perfectly in line with the fit. The immobilization base 13 is composed of a latch 17 and its maneuvering mechanism 18. The latch 17 has a plate 19 of which each longitudinal end has a hooking nail which is anchored in one of the adjacent oblong perforations 5 of the perforated carrier structure 3. A first nail 20 which is fixed with respect to the plate 19 constitutes the extension of one of the longitudinal ends of the plate. It is located on the front side of the plate 19, that is, it is located beyond the rim. It engages in the adjacent or immediately adjacent perforation 5 by a longitudinal movement with the carrier structure 3, but transverse with respect to the lines 7 of perforations 5, on the large side closest to the edge of the adjacent perforation. This fixed nail 20 constitutes the fixed means of latching the latch. This first nail 20 is situated next to the projection of the upper branch 10. A second nail affects the shape of a locking finger 21 at the hook end 22 formed in an anchoring part 23. It moves in tipping around an axle-pin 24 mounted transversely to the level of the opposite longitudinal end of the coupling plate 19. This movable securing finger 21 pivots in a direction of engagement parallel to the perforation lines 7, ie crossed with the direction of engagement of the first fixed nail 20. The securing finger 21 is completed by a positioning lug 25 fixed perpendicular to the hook plate 19 and intended to sink in the hole used for the securing finger 21 in order to provide an immobilization or centering primary. This immobilization will be completed by the insurance. For this purpose, the fixed lug 25 is located at a suitable distance from the bore used by the fixed nail. The securing swiveling finger 21 is actuated by a pivoting mechanism that is terminated by a maneuvering lever that forms the handle 26. This actuating mechanism has the handle 26 which is mounted on a pivot shaft that has or operates a stopper. axis 27 parallel to its axis of pivoting and cooperating with a recess with camming paper 28 formed in the upper part of the part 23 of the locking finger. The pivoting of the handle is thus transformed into tilting of the locking finger 21 to take the securing of the coupling. This securing finger 21, movable by tilting, is pressed as a support in the collapsed state against the surface of the perforated plate at the level of the adjacent perforation 5 thus realizing a true pinch which, associated with the maintenance of longitudinal linking made by the fixed nail 20 and the lug of placement 25 ensures an assurance and resistant. A torsion spring 29 mounted on the shaft of the drive mechanism ensures maintenance in the secured position. The effectiveness of this assurance is sufficient to dispense with a second latch that would be arranged below the opposite end of the shim as in the case of the previous shims. The transverse immobilization body 1 is provided with sufficient length to receive the largest tires in a category of vehicles, for example passenger cars. This feature confers to the fit the shortest possible longitudinal dimension. For vehicles of the same category, which have very small or exceptionally large track widths, it is sufficient to offset the fit of one or several intervals between the perforations of the platform. The three-point immobilization variant depicted on Figures 12 to 16 differs from that described hereinafter by the following general characteristics. The fixing plate is more extended in the direction of movement of the rim, the lower branch of the transverse body of the coupling is placed forward with respect to the proximity of the rim to be fitted and the fixing of the platform is carried out by means of a latch, central example, of the quarter-turn type completed by two centering-immobilization elements. This variant is composed of the same general means as the version described above. It has an elongate transverse body 30 mounted on an immobilization base 31 that develops longitudinally for its attachment by attachment to the carrier structure 3 forming a platform consisting for example of plates 4 with oblong perforations 5 and with projecting edge, arranged in rows such as 6 and in lines such as 7. The shim on which a wheel equipped with a rim 8 of an automotive vehicle arrives at stop is destined to be unlocked then separated from the perforated carrier structure 3 by the succession of a simple manual maneuver on a handle or a lever and a detachment movement. According to a variant, the body of the shim can be folded in a vertical detachment position perpendicular to the plane of the platform or concealed for its accommodation along the platform parallel to the rolling direction. The transverse body 30 of the shim has a particular elongated shape. It is formed of two parallel branches against one of which the rim 8 is shod. A lower branch 32 and an upper branch 33 are distinguished, offset in space and joined together at the free end of the shim by an inclined section of link 34. The assembly that forms a support of general shape in a lying U can be manufactured in one piece by bending a tube by forging or by molding. The free end of the upper branch 33 is extended rearwards by an elbow 35 followed by a section 36 which forms with the upper branch 33 a guide space 37 for the rim 8. The section 36 is bent at the end and extends towards down according to a section 38. The free end 39 of the section 38 is joined to a fixing plate 40 which forms with the centering-immobilization means the immobilization base 31. The free end 41 of the lower branch 32 is closed and joined with the other end of the fixing plate 40 constituting the mechanical relationship between the other two ends of the lower branches 32 and upper 33. The fixing plate 40 is longer than that of the version shown on Figures 1 to 11. It has means for example blocking center 42 separating two centering-immobilization structures in the form of two blocks 43 and 44 intended to pass through two openings in the platform. Blocks 43 and 44 may have a section approximately with the shapes and dimensions of the pallet openings, for example, slightly smaller than the openings to ensure a complementary immobilization or of different shape and dimensions so as not to constitute more than simple centering-immobilization pawns intended to provide a primary immobilization of the fit. More generally, latch 42 can be arranged anywhere with respect to the two centering-immobilization structures, for example in one or the other end bore covered by the fixing plate 40. On the other hand, one of the centering-immobilization structures can be integrated next to the latch 42 when the other is different in an adjacent or immediately adjacent perforation. The latch 42, for example central, has an elbow maneuver lever 45 with upper horizontal branch 46 and with upright 47. It is mounted pivotably on the fixing plate 40. The upright branch 47 passes through the plate 40 and extends downwards through a bent end with support leg 48 directed perpendicularly to the horizontal upper branch 46. In assembly, it is springly mounted upwardly by a compression spring 49 extending for example between two stops around the lower end of the upright 47. The aim of this spring is to maintain the support leg 48 pressed against the sub-surface of the platform at the level of the opening pierced by this latch. The plane delimited by the two lower branches 32 and upper 33 of the transverse body 31 slopes forward downward in the approaching direction of the rim 8 leaving the upper branch 46 of the operating lever of the latch 42 stored in the closed position approximately under the upper branch 33. The section 36 and the beginning of the upper branch 33 that delimits the guide space 37 forms a curved lateral ramp 50 that allows guiding without attacking the rim 8 towards the central part of the shim to put it in immobilization contact with the upper branch 33 in the case of an initial orientation not perfectly in line with the fit. This variant ensures a better stability due to the larger longitudinal extension of the fixing plate 40.

Claims (23)

1. Removable fit for the immobilization by means of its rim (8) of a wheel of an automotive vehicle on a perforated carrier structure (3), whose cross-sectional body to the line of bearing is immobilized on the perforations of the carrier structure (3) characterized in that its transverse body (1) or (30) is constituted by a lower branch (9) or (32) and an upper branch (10) or (33) parallel and offset between them in a space and in the direction of rolling and assembled at one end of the body (1) or (30) of the shim through an inclined section of link (11) or (34) and in that the body (1) or (30) has at its other end an immobilization base (13) or (31) that has an assurance member by means of which the coupling is fixed on the carrier structure (3) using a perforation thereof, securing member completed by at least one centering-immobilizing element in at least one of the neighboring perforations and in that the upper branch (10) or (33) is tracked down to the immobilization base (13). ) or (31) by a layered portion.

Shim according to claim 1 characterized in that the body (1) or (30) is a tubular body.

Shim according to claim 1, characterized in that the shifting in the space and in the direction of: 1 * 8 bearing between the branches (32) and (33) of the body (30) of the shim is beyond the rim (8) .

Shoulder according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the free end of the upper branch (33) is extended backwards by means of an elbow (35) followed by a section (36) which forms a space with the upper branch (33). guide (37) for the rim (8), because the section (36) is bent at the end and extends downward according to a section (38), the free end (39) of the section (38) is attached to a fixing plate (40) which forms with the fixing means and the centering means immobilization immobilization base (31) and because the free end (41) of the lower branch (32) joins with the other end of the fixing plate (40) which constitutes the only mechanical relationship between the other two ends of the lower (32) and upper (33) branches.

Shim according to claim 1 characterized in that the securing member is a rotary bolt (42) whose lower end is placed in the secured position of the bolt (42) transversely in the adjacent opening of the platform below it.

Shim according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the bolt (42) has an elbow lever having a bent leg (47) and an upper branch (46) angled to each other, whose upright section (47) extends downwards by means of an end elbow directed perpendicularly to the upper branch (46), and passing through an opening of the platform to be placed in a locking position transverse to it and forming a support leg (48) which is brought into contact with the sub-surface of the opening , the assembly being mounted in an elastic upward movement by a spring (49).

Fitting according to any one of the preceding claims 1, 5 or 6, characterized in that the securing member (42) is located between two centering-immobilization structures attached to the fixing plate (40) which is each hooked to one of the neighboring openings of the one used by the latch (42).

Shim according to any one of the preceding claims 1, 5 to 7, characterized in that the locking member (42) is positioned at any position with respect to the two centering-immobilizing structures of the fixing plate (40) which are coupled in the openings of the carrier structure (3).

Fitting according to any one of the preceding claims 1, 5 to 8, characterized in that one of the centering structures is independent of the latch (42) when the other is integrated on the side of the latch (42).

10. Fit according to any of the previous claims 15 to 9 characterized in that the centering-immobilizing structures of the fixing plate (40) are each coupled in an opening immediately adjacent to that used by the latch (42).

Fitting according to one of the preceding claims from 5 to 10, characterized in that the centering-immobilization structures connected to the fixing plate (40) are blocks (43) and (44) of cross-sectional shape neighboring the of the opening and dimension inferior to this one.

Fitting according to any of claims 7 to 11 characterized in that the blocks (43) and (44) forming the centering-immobilization structures attached to the fixing plate (40) are of different cross-section and shape of the openings to be no more than simple pawns of centering-immobilization intended to ensure a primary immobilization of the fit.

13. Fit according to any of the claims 1 and 5 to 12 characterized in that the upper branch (46) of the latch (42) is housed in the closed position of the latch (42) under the upper branch (33).

Shim according to claim 1, characterized in that the clearance in the space and in the direction of rolling between the branches (9) and (10) of the body (1) of the shim is next to the rim (8).

15. Fit according to claim 1, characterized in that the elbowed portion is a rounded return (12).

16. Shoulder according to claims 1, 14 or 15 characterized in that the end of the upper branch (10) extends downwardly by means of the elbow return (12) of round shape is extended by a curved extension of link (14) joining it to the base of immobilization (13), this conformation delimiting a curved lateral ramp (16) serves as a guide to the rim to return it towards the center of the shim.

17. Fit according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the lower branches (9) and upper (10) are joined together to form a lying U-shaped piece that delimits an inclined plane whose projection substantially covers the surface represented by the mechanical organs of the shim.

18. Fit according to any of the claims 1, 14 to 17 characterized in that the immobilization base (13) has at one of its ends a fixed claw (20) that is hooked on the adjacent perforation of the platform and is joined at its other end to a securing finger (21). ) mobile in tilting, folded by a fixed positioning lug (25), these last two cooperate with the adjacent perforation for a lateral and longitudinal immobilization followed by a vertical blocking.

Fitting according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the directions of engagement of the fixed claw (20) and of the securing finger (21) are crossed.

Shoulder according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the directions of engagement of the fixed claw (20) and the block finger (21) are respectively longitudinal and transverse with respect to the carrier structure (3).

21. Fit according to any of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that the fixed claw (20) is located on the side of the projection of the upper branch 10.

22. Fit according to claim 1 characterized in that its transverse immobilization body (1) or (30) is pivotably mounted on the immobilization base (13) or (31) to be retracted in a stationary position perpendicular to the plane of the carrier structure (3).

23. Shim according to claim 1 characterized in that its transverse immobilization body (1) or (30) is mounted pivoting on the immobilization base (13) or (31) to be hidden in a position of arrangement parallel to the direction of rolling along the plane of the carrier structure (3).