MXPA99004798A - Method and device for production of hydrocarbons - Google Patents

Abstract

During production of hydrocarbons, an oil-gas flow from a well bottom to a well-head is subdivided into a plurality of individual oil-gas flows which flow in a plurality of individual passages (2, 3) located side-by-side with one another.

Description

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROCARBONS DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: The present invention relates to a process and a device for the production of hydrocarbons such as oil and the like. It is known to produce oil by introducing a gas into this gas to form a gaseous petroleum fluid that rises in a production pipe. The resulting flow is a flow of two interacting phases, a gas phase and a liquid phase. Depending on the diameter of the production pipe, the gas factor or amount of gas dissolved in a unit of more liquid, physical characteristics of the gas and liquid, speed of the gas phase with respect to the liquid phase, or exchange of the quantity of movement between the phases and therefore a saving of the gas phase energy expended for the displacement of the liquid phase may change substantially during the flow process of the two-phase medium. Due to changes in the structure of the two-phase flow during the course of the flow and the redistribution of energy from the gas phase used for the displacement of the liquid phase and for the displacement of the gas phase itself, it is possible that a The energy of the gas phase is insufficient for the displacement of the liquid phase. This is characteristic for the case in which the energy of the gas phase is the only energy source for the displacement of the liquid phase. This case is typical for oil wells where the natural energy of the formation is composed of potential oil energy that is below rocks, underground water and hydrocarbon gas energy dissolved in oil, which are transferred to the gas phase when the pressure in the fluid becomes lower than the saturation pressure. The oil that is lifted in a well a certain height by the pressure of the rock of the underground water l gravitational energy, can only move due to the energy of the gas dissolved in the oil and transferred in the liquid faee to a certain level of the well where the hydrostatic pressure in the oil column becomes less than the saturation pressure. During the movement of the flow to a head of the well with reduced pressure the quantity of gas that emerges from the oil increases and the structure of the flow changes. An increase in the quantity of gas transferred from the dissolved condition in the gas phase and correspondingly in the velocity during the movement to the well head leads to the situation that in a portion of the well that is attached to the head of the well a annular flow mode, when oil forms a film that extends along the pipe wall while a gaseous core contains droplets of liquid, therefore only a small fraction of the energy of the gas phase uses for the displacement of the liquid to the head of the well virtually the performance of the well becomes zero. The evolution of the structure of flow in the wall becomes ta 5 that during the movement of the fluid to the head of the well l pressure and the amount of gas that emerges from the liquid is reduced and the velocity of the gas phase with respect to the liquid increases . As a result, the liquid phase and the gas phase have a tendency to separate from each other. During this process a The corresponding fraction of the gas phase energy for the displacement of the liquid to the head of the well is reduced. When the well is in the annular mode s coefficient of efficiency or in other words its relation d the gas phase energy currently used for the The displacement of the liquid with respect to all the energy of the gas phase which can be used for the liquid displacement, is basically reduced to zero. Even though the well operates in a source mode, the efficiency coefficient can not be raised since the structure of the flow near the head of the well is such that the gaseous phase occupies the important fraction of the space for fluid flow and the sanctity of the entrained liquid is relatively low. The low efficiency coefficient leads to an accelerated declassification of the formation and as a result a conversion of the well to a mechanized expansive production method.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of and a device for the production of hydrocarbons that avoids the disadvantages of the prior art. More particularly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of and a device for the production of hydrocarbons in which the efficiency of the energy of the gas phase for the displacement of oil in the gas-oil flow is increased. important maner To achieve these objectives and others as indicated below, a characteristic of the present invention resides, briefly stated, in a method for producing hydrocarbons, according to which a gas-oil flow is sub-divided in a direction of movement of the gas-oil flow, within a plurality of individual flows that flow simultaneously and side by side in the direction of movement. It is another feature of the present invention to provide a device for the production of hydrocarbons that has means for confining the gas-oil flow and means for sub-dividing the gas-oil flow in a transverse direction in a plurality of individual gas-oil flows that flow simultaneously side by side in the direction of movement of gas-oil flow When the method is performed and the device is designed according to the present invention, the efficiency of the gas phase for the displacement of the oil phase increases significantly , the operation and maintenance of the valves is simplified, the production cost of the hydrocarbons is reduced and the efficiency is increased, and the accelerated declassification of the formation is prevented. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figures 1 and 2 are views showing a longitudinal and transverse cross section of a device for the production of hydrocarbons according to the present invention; Figures 3 and 4 are views showing a cross section in a longitudinal and transverse view of the device of the invention according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figures 5 and 6 are views showing a change in the kinematics of an oil flow -gas in a device according to the prior art and a device according to the present invention; Figures 7 and 8 are views illustrating another embodiment of the present invention; and Figures 9 and 10 are views showing a cross section and longitudinal section of the device according to the invention. According to a modality shown in Figures 1 and 2, an inventive device for the production of hydrocarbons according to an inventive method includes a production pipe identified with the figure l. A plurality of elements 2 are provided to subdivide a cross section of the production tube 1 into a plurality of individual passages. Therefore a plurality of gas-oil flows flow through the individual concentric passages 3 in the direction d of the gas-oil flow. The size of each of the individual passages 3 is selected so that s provides a desired structure of the individual gas-oil flow, to obtain a maximum efficiency of use of the gaseous energy as a source of energy for the displacement of the phase. of oil. The oil phase obtains the amount of movement from the gas phase at an increased value of the intensity of the amount of movement exchanged between the phases. With the same cross section of the production pipe, this can be obtained by increasing the axial speed in the individual passage V in the radial direction R and the increase in the tearing stress r = μ "v. Where μ is the dynamic viscosity of oil, with the increase of the area of the internal surface of the passage.

According to a second embodiment of the present invention shown in Figures 3 and 4, the interior of the production pipe 11 is subdivided by a plurality of walls 12 into a plurality of individual passages or passages 3 which extend side by side that simultaneously the individual oil-gas flows flow into the 13 passages., a flow of individual gas oil out of the individual passages 13 in a space 14. As shown in Figures 7 and 8, according to another embodiment of the present invention, shown in Figure 7, a geometric size of the passages Individuals 23 can change in the flow direction of the oil-gas flow, and also a number of passages 33 can change in the flow direction of the gas-oil flow. The construction shown in Figures 7 and 8 is also selected from mod which provides a maximum in the use of gas phase energy for displacement of the oil phase. In a modality shown in Figures 9 and 10 of the production pipe 41 it is subdivided by a star-like insert into a plurality of steps divided into individual segments 43 extending side by side with each other. When the amount of energy formation per unit mass of oil is insufficient to lift the oil to the desired height, an additional energy source can be used as shown in Figure 7. Here a part of the formation energy accumulates by the compressed gas that is under saturation pressure in a container and a volume part of the tube, therefore a part of the gas phase energy can be removed from the formation energy, which converts to the free state during the declassification and s accommodates the saturation pressure in the tube and container. Although the invention has been illustrated and described as embodied in a method and device for the production of hydrocarbons, it is not intended to be limited to the details shown, since various modifications and structural changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. invention.

Claims (10)

1. I. A method for the production of hydrocarbons, which comprises the steps of introducing into a petroleum well a production pipe that has an even entrance to be located basically in a region of the bottom of the well, an outlet to be located basically in a region of Wellhead, so that a flow of oil-gas mixture flows from the inlet to the outlet of the production pipe, and increasing in the production pipe a resistance to the movement of a gas phase with respect to an oil phase of the mixture gas-oil by subdividing at least a portion of the production pipe in a plurality of steps each having a cross-section that is a fraction of the cross-section of the production pipe and extending in a direction from the entrance to the exit of the pipe. production pipe pair subdivide the flow of the gas-oil mixture into a plurality of individual gas-oil mixture flows having a fraction of cross section anversal of the oil-gas mixture and a simultaneous flow in one direction from the inlet to the outlet of the production tube,
2. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the subdivision includes a plurality of individual steps that extend concentrically to each other in a direction from the inlet to the outlet of the production tube so that the individual gas-oil flows flow simultaneously through the individual concentric passages.
3. 3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the sub-division includes a plurality of steps which extend substantially parallel to each other and side to side in a direction from the entrance to the outlet of the production tub, so that the individual gas-oil flows flow simultaneously through the lateral passages.
4. 4. A method according to claim 1, wherein the sub-division includes forming a plurality of individual steps through which the individual gas-oil flows flow simultaneously in a direction from the inlet to the outlet of the tube. production, and changes a geometry of the individual steps in a direction of movement of the individual gas-oil flows.
5. 5. - A method according to claim 1, wherein the sub-division includes forming a plurality of steps located side by side through which the individual gas-oil flows flow simultaneously in a direction from the inside at the outlet of the production tube so that a number of steps in a flow direction of the gas-oil mixture change to different heights of the production tube.
6. 6. A device for the production of hydrocarbons, which comprises a production pipe that has been introduced into an oil well and which has an inlet to be located in a region of the bottom of the well, an outlet to be located in a well. area of the valve head, so that a flow of gas-oil mixture flows from the inlet to the outlet of the production tube, and means for increasing in the production tube the resistance to the movement of a gas phase with respect to a Petroleum phase of the oil-gas mixture, said means of increasing strength include means for subdividing at least a portion of the production tube into a plurality of passage having a reduced cross-section which is a fraction of the cross-section of the tube of production and extending from the inlet to the output of the production tube, so that the gas-oil mixture flow is sub-divided into a plurality of individual gas mixing flows - Petroleum having a cross-sectional fraction of the gas-oil mixture and flowing through the steps of the reduced cross section simultaneously in a direction from the inlet to the outlet of the production pipe.
7. 7. - A device according to claim 6, wherein the individual steps extend concentrically to each other.
8. 8. A device according to claim 6, where the individual steps extend basically parallel to each other.
9. 9. A device according to claim 6, wherein the individual steps have a geometry that changes in a flow direction of the gas-oil mixture.
10. 10. A device according to claim 6, wherein a number of individual steps changes in a flow direction of the individual gas-oil flows.