MXPA99003525A - A system of wireless telecommunications that attends the effect of disarmament by multip traits - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a wireless telecommunications system, which attenuates the multipath fading effect, through an improvement in transmission diversity. Moreover, the embodiments of the present invention are suitable for use with all outbound channel multiplexing schemes (eg, frequency division multiplexing, time division multiplexing, code division multiplexing, etc.) and all the modulation techniques (eg, amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, phase modulation, etc). An illustrative embodiment of the present invention comprises: a signal inverter for inverting and alternatively not inverting a first signal, according to an itinerary, to create a second signal, a first antenna for transmitting the first signal, and a second antenna for transmitting the second one

Description

A WIRELESS TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM THAT ATTENDS THE EFFECT OF TRAVERSE DEFLECTION MULTIPLE Field of the Invention The present invention relates to telecommunications in general and more particularly, to a wireless telecommunications system that employs an improvement in transmission diversity, to attenuate the multi-path fading effect.

Background of the Invention Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a portion of a wireless telecommunications system of the preceding art, which system provides the wireless telecommunications service to a number of wireless terminals (e.g., wireless terminals 101-1 through 101-3) which are located within a geographical region. The heart of a wireless telecommunications system is a wireless switching center ("WSC"), which is also known as a mobile switching center or mobile telephone switching office. Typically, a center REF. : 29869 wireless switching (eg, wireless switching center 120) is connected to a plurality of base stations (eg, base stations 103-1 to 103-5) that are dispersed within a geographic region that is provided with the service through the system, and towards the local, long distance and data networks (for example, the local office 130, the local office 138 and the collection office 140). A wireless switching center is responsible for, among other things, establishing and maintaining a call between a first wireless terminal and a second wireless terminal, or alternatively, between a wireless terminal and a wired terminal (e.g., the wired terminal 150), which is connected to the system through the local and / or long distance networks. The geographical region that is provided with the service by means of a wireless telecommunications system is divided into a number of spatially distinct areas, called "cells". As illustrated in Figure 1, each cell is schematically represented by a hexagon. However, in practice, each cell has an irregular shape that depends on the topography of the terrain that circumscribes the cell. Typically, each cell contains a base station, which comprises the radios and the antennas, which the base station uses to communicate with the wireless terminals in this cell, and also comprises the transmission equipment that the base station uses, to communicate with the wireless switching center. For example, when the user of the wireless terminal 101-1 wishes to transmit information to the user of the wireless terminal 101-2, the wireless terminal 101-1 transmits message data supporting the user's information to the base station 103- 1 to the wireless switching center 120, through line 102-1. Since the wireless terminal 101-2 is in the cell that is provided with the service by means of the base station 103-1, the wireless switching center 120 again returns the data message to the base station 103-1, which it relays it to the 101-2 wireless terminal. In a terrestrial wireless telecommunications system, in contrast to a satellite-based system, an empirical phenomenon known as multipath fading affects the ability of the base station and the wireless terminal to communicate. The cause of multipath fading and the factors that affect its severity are described below. Figure 2 shows an illustration that helps understand the cause of multipath fading. When a base station transmits a signal to a wireless terminal with either a directional or an omnidirectional antenna, at least some images of the signal are radiated in a different direction than in a direct direction towards the wireless terminal. The result is that: (1) an image of the signal can be received by the wireless terminal in an in-line trajectory point of view, direct, providing that there is an image (for example, image 202-3), (2) other images of the signal pass through the wireless terminal and are never received (for example, images 202-2 and 202- 4), and (3) other images of the signal collide with an object, such as a building, and are reflected or refracted to the wireless terminal (e.g., images 202-1 and 202-5). The result is that an image of a transmitted signal can be received by a wireless terminal, through a direct path and one or more indirect paths. Moreover, the signal quality (when measured by, for example, the signal-to-noise ratio, average power, absolute power, frame error ratio, bit error ratio, etc.) of each image varies depending on the length of the path, whether the signal is reflected against, or refracted through an object, at an angle at which the signal is incident to the object, and so on, the physical properties and geometric of the object. Since each image travels at the same speed (that is, the speed of light) over different lengths of travel, each image arrives at the terminal 'wireless at a different time. This causes several images to arrive out of phase, one with respect to the other and, consequently, interfere. When the interference is destructive, in contrast to the constructive, the interference significantly impedes the ability of a wireless terminal to generate an acceptable estimate of the transmitted signal. The phenomenon of destructive interference by images with multiple phases displaced from a single transmitted signal is known as multipath fading. The severity of multipath fading in a receiving antenna is a function of three factors: (1) the location of the transmitting antenna with respect to objects in the environment that reflect and refract the transmitted signal, (2) the location of the receiving antenna with respect to the same objects, and (3) the wavelength of the transmitted signal. Since these factors are of a spatial nature, multipath fading is a phenomenon already. located. In other words, multipath fading occurs in isolated pockets called "fades" that are geographically dispersed. As an analogy, the fades are isolated and dispersed in the form of Swiss cheese. Typically, the average diameter of a fading is equal to one < wavelength of the transmitted signal. There are two techniques, within the preceding art, to attenuate the fade effect by multiple paths, and both derive from the understanding that the phenomenon is of a localized nature. The first technique, which is diversity of reception, will be discussed first and the second technique, which is transmission diversity, will be discussed later. In accordance with the diversity of reception, a radio receiver employs two reception antennas that are located away from each other, to receive a signal that is transmitted from only one antenna. Typically, the two reception antennas are placed with each other, at more than several wavelengths, from the transmitted signal. Since multipath fades are isolated and scattered like the holes in a Gruyere Cheese, in a roughly circular shape and approximately the diameter of a wavelength of the transmitted signal, it is unlikely that both antennas are within a fading at the same time. In other words, if an antenna is in a fading, then it is unlikely that the other antenna is also in a fading. Accordingly, the radio receiver can operate with the confidence that the transmitted signal will be received with satisfactory quality in one of the (reception antennas.) Figure 3 shows a flow diagram illustrating how the diversity of reception can be implemented in the wireless telecommunications system of Figure 1. In Figure 1, the base station 103-1 transmits a signal through from a Tx transmission antenna, to a wireless terminal 101-1, which has two receive antennas RXi and Rx2 that are separated at various wavelengths from the transmitted signal, although the distribution of Figure 3 attenuates The effect of multipath fading, it is impractical to mount two antennas in a wireless terminal, when the antennas need to be a few centimeters away.Furthermore, the need to install two antennas in a wireless terminal, greatly increases the cost. It is for these reasons, that the diversity of reception is rarely implemented in the wireless terminals.Transmission diversity is a sequel to the fun Reception in which a radio receiver uses two transmit antennas that are placed far from each other, to transmit a signal. The radio receiver has only one antenna. Typically, the two transmit antennas are placed with each other, at a distance of more than several wavelengths of the transmitted signal. The radio transmitter emits the signal of interest through an antenna in real time, and 'delays an exact copy of the same signal, before emitting it through the second antenna. Since the location of a multipath fading depends on the location of the transmitting antenna, each transmitting antenna causes fading to occur at different locations. Accordingly, if a receiving antenna is within a fading, caused by the signal from a transmitting antenna, it is likely that the receiving antenna will be able to receive the signal from the receiving antenna with a satisfactory quality. In other words, it is unlikely that both transmit antennas will cause fading in the same place and consequently, it is likely that the radio receiver will be able to receive the signal from at least one of the receiving antenna waves, at a given location. Figure 4 shows a block diagram illustrating how transmission diversity can be implemented, in the wireless telecommunications system of Figure 1. In Figure 4, a base station 103-1 transmits a signal through a transmitting antenna , T? L, in real time and delays an exact copy of the same signal before emitting it through the second antenna T >; 1 • However, the transmission diversity of the preceding art has disadvantages, since it creates on average, twice as many images of the signal transmitted to the receiver, than without the diversity of transmission.

(This requires that the wireless terminal be able to distinguish the two terminals displaced in time, which significantly increases the complexity of the wireless terminal and also its cost.Therefore, there is a need for a technique that attenuates the fade effect by multiple paths, without the costs and disadvantages of the previous art.

Brief Compendium of the Invention The present invention in a wireless telecommunications system that attenuates the multipath fading effect, without the costs and disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, the present invention is an improvement of the transmission diversity, using a signal inverter to invert and not invert, alternatively, a copy of a resulting signal, in the attenuation of multipath fading. The upgrade is not expensive, has performance characteristics similar to those of traditional transmission diversity, and does not often require changing the design of a wireless terminal. In those cases where a change in the wireless terminal is advantageous or necessary, said change will typically add a cost to the wireless terminal. (scarce or null) An illustrative embodiment of the present invention comprises: a first antenna for transmitting a first signal, a second antenna for transmitting a second signal and a signal inverter for generating the second signal based on inverting or alternatively not inverting the First sign, according to an itinerary The objective of the itinerary is to establish a reason in which, the wireless terminal will appear to enter and exit the fading, in spite of the reason in which the wireless terminal is moving, relative to Transmitting antennas The reason why different reasons are used will be discussed later in this brief summary and in the detailed description of the invention When transmitting the first signal through the first antenna and the second signal through the second antenna, the two signals interfere in two alternating patterns, when the two antennas are separated by a distance of equal or more of several wavelengths, of the carrier of the transmitted signal, the two patterns will differ in that it is unlikely that both create a multipath fading in the same location. In other words, one pattern can create a set of fades in one set of locations, and another pattern can create another set of fades in another set of locations, but it is unlikely that both patterns create a fade in the same location. Therefore, if a wireless terminal is in a fading during one of the two patterns, then it is not likely to be in a fading during the other pattern. This fact, combined with the following, provides the modalities of the present invention, to attenuate the effect of multipath fading. The effect of multipath fading in a wireless terminal is related to the continuous amount of time in which a wireless terminal is inside a fading. When a wireless terminal remains for a long time in a fading (eg, a second), the wireless terminal may fail to receive so many consecutive bits, so that the wireless terminal is unable to create an acceptable estimate of the transmitted signal, even when an error detection and correction mechanism is used. In contrast, when a wireless terminal stays a short time in a fading (for example, 50 milliseconds), the wireless terminal may be able to create an acceptable estimate of the transmitted signal, since a typical error detection and correction mechanism would cover the shorter duration fades. As a result, the multipath fading effect can be attenuated, i yes the length of time in which, a wireless terminal remains in a fading, can be reduced. 'One way to reduce the length of time in which a wireless terminal remains in a fading is to physically move the wireless terminal, in the same way that it is moving in a moving car, to avoid its delay in a fading. However, this is not always practical - specifically for wireless terminals that are stationary or move slowly (for example, when walking, etc.). However, the movement is relative and instead of attempting to physically move the wireless terminal, the present invention insists on the opposite, in moving the fades and thus, creating the effect of physically moving the wireless terminal. Consequently, by inverting and alternatively not inverting the input signal, the present invention moves the fades and thus prevents a wireless terminal from remaining in a fading. Moreover, by controlling the reason in which the input signal is inverted and alternately inverted, the present invention is able to limit the length of time in which a wireless terminal remains in a fading. Yes the reason to invest < and alternatively not inverting the input signal, it is high, then the amount of continuous time in which a wireless terminal remains is low and any error detection and correction mechanism can cover the effect of short duration fading. Thus, the maximum continuous amount of time a wireless terminal can remain in a fading, without being adversely affected by a fading, is determined by the quality of the error correction used in the forward channel. The reason in which, the input signal is inverted and alternatively not inverted, determines the maximum amount of time in which a wireless terminal will remain in a fading, and the route addresses the reason in which, the input signal will be inverted and alternatively not inverted. In summary, the embodiments of the present invention attenuate the multi-path fade effect, by moving fades and consequently, reducing the length of time in which a wireless terminal remains in a fading.

Brief Description of the Drawings \ Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a wireless telecommunications system of the preceding art. Figure 2 shows an illustration of a base station that is transmitting to a wireless terminal. Figure 3 shows a block diagram of a wireless terminal employing diversity of reception. Figure 4 shows a block diagram of a base station employing transmission diversity. Figure 5 shows a block diagram of a base station, in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 shows a block diagram of a forward channel radius, in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 shows a block diagram of an amplification step, in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 shows a flow chart of the operation of a forward channel radius, in accordance with the illustrative embodiment of the present invention, shown in Figure 6.

Figure 9 shows a block diagram of another < outgoing channel radius, in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 shows a block diagram of a forward channel radius, in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, which transmits an information support signal that is multiplexed by time division, with a pilot signal. Figure 11 shows a graph of an information support signal that is multiplexed by time division with a pilot signal, in a series of time intervals. Figure 12 shows a flow diagram of the operation of the wireless terminal of Figure 10. Figure 13 shows a block diagram of another forward channel radio, in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, which transmits a information support signal that is multiplexed by time division with a pilot signal. Figure 14 shows a block diagram of yet another other way, according to an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, which transmits an information support signal that is multiplexed by time division with a pilot signal. Figure 15 shows a block diagram of a forward channel radio, in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, which transmits an information support signal that is multiplexed by code division with a pilot signal. Figure 16 shows a block diagram of another forward channel radio, in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, which transmits an information support signal that is multiplexed by code division with one or more signal support signals. information. Figure 17 shows a block diagram of a wireless terminal, in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention. Figure 18 shows a block diagram of a marker inside the wireless terminal of Figure 17, which is capable of receiving an information signal that is multiplexed by time division with a pilot signal, in accordance with a illustrative embodiment of the present invention. Figure 19 shows a block diagram of another marker within the wireless terminal of Figure 17, which is capable of receiving an information support signal that is multiplexed by time division with a pilot signal, in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention. Figure 20 shows a flow chart of the operation of a marker of Figure 19.

Figure 21 shows a block diagram of a marker within the wireless terminal of Figure 17, which is capable of receiving an information support signal that is multiplexed by code division with a pilot signal, in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention. Figure 22 shows a block diagram of another marker within the wireless terminal of Figure 17, which is capable of receiving an information support signal that is multiplexed by code division with a pilot signal, in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention. Figure 23 shows a flow chart of the operation of a marker of Figure 22.

Detailed description of the invention Plan of the Detailed Description The detailed description teaches several embodiments of the present invention and, consequently, a plan will facilitate the understanding of various modalities and their relation to each other. The Figure shows a block diagram of a base station that supports all forward channel multiplexing schemes (eg, frequency division multiplexing, time division multiplexing, code division multiplexing, etc.) and all modulation techniques (e.g., amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, phase modulation, etc.) in accordance with the present invention. Figure 6 shows a block diagram of a forward channel radius, for use within the base station of Figure 5, which supports any forward channel multiplexing scheme and any modulation technique, in accordance with the present invention . Since some wireless telecommunication systems transmit a pilot signal, in addition to an information support signal, FIGS. 10 and 13 through 16 show the block diagrams of the forward channel radios, which multiplex the pilot signal with the signal of information support, according to the present invention. Figures 10, 13 and 14 show block diagrams of forward channel radii that multiplex by time division to a pilot signal and an information support signal, in a single channel multiplexed by code division. In contrast, Figures 15 and 16 show block diagrams of forward channel radii that multiplex by code division to a pilot signal and an information support signal in a single channel delimited by frequency. Some designs of wireless terminals of the preceding art are fully capable of receiving and processing a signal from a forward channel radio, < according to the present invention. Other designs of wireless terminals are, however, modified to take full advantage of the present invention. Accordingly, Figures 17 to 19 and 21-22 show wireless terminal block diagrams that are particularly suitable for receiving and processing a signal from a forward channel radius in accordance with the present invention. Figures 17 to 19 show a wireless terminal that is designed to receive a pilot signal and an information support signal that are multiplexed by time division into a single channel multiplexed by code division. In contrast, Figures 17, 21 and 22 show a wireless terminal that is designed to receive a pilot signal and an information support signal that are multiplexed by division of code into a single channel delimited by frequency. Other figures are represented to facilitate and understand several of the illustrative modalities.

Transmitter architectures Figure 5 shows a block diagram of the projecting components of the base station 500, in accordance with the illustrative embodiment of the present invention, which transmits each of the signals of < information support c, to a unique wireless terminal of wireless terminals c, (for example, wireless terminal 511, wireless terminal 512). The outgoing channel equipment of the base station 500 advantageously comprises: to the demultiplexer 501, outgoing channel radios 503-1 to 503-c, transfer pilot radio 504, amplification stage 505, antenna 507-1 and antenna 507 -2, connected together as shown. According to the illustrative embodiment, a wireless switching center (not shown) transmits a multiplexed data stream of symbols comprising the information support signals m, to the base station 500. As shown in Figure 5, the symbol multiplexed data stream is received by the demultiplexer 501, which demultiplexes the data stream and routes one or more information support signals to one of the forward channel radii c, 503-1 to 503-c. The function of each outgoing channel radio is to encode and modulate in channel to one or more information support signals, according to the multiplexing scheme (eg, frequency division multiplexing, time division multiplexing, code division multiplexing, etc.) in preparation for transmission to a wireless terminal. Moreover, it will be clear to those skilled in the art, that the embodiments of the present invention, can utilize (any modulation scheme (e.g., amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, phase modulation, etc.) Figure 6 shows a block diagram of a modality of the outgoing channel radius 503-i, which is capable of using all forward channel multiplexing schemes, like all modulation techniques, although the illustrative embodiment of Figure 6 is less complex than other illustrative modes of the 503-i outgoing channel radius, it clearly exhibits the salient aspects of the present invention In Figure 6, the outgoing channel radius 503-i advantageously receives one or more information support signals from the demultiplexer 501 and feeds them to the modulator 611. The modulator 611 modulates the information support signal (s), in a carrier signal, in a known manner The output from the modulator 611 is fed advantageously towards the: (1) antenna 507-1 (through the adder 701-1 e n the amplification stage 505) and (2) antenna 507-2 (through the inverter 613 and the adder 701-2 in the amplification stage 505). The signal inverter 613 generates an output signal that is based on inverting and alternatively not inverting the input signal, according to an itinerary of an itinerary 615. It is better to clarify that the inverter of (signal 613 in an advantageous manner, does not delay the output signal, as it did in a traditional transmission diversity system, but reverses and does not automatically invite the input signal.) For purposes of this specification, the term " inversion "and its different forms of inflection, is defined by multiplying the input signal by a negative number (-1) and the term" not investing "and its analogous and inflected forms are defined as multiplying the input signal by a positive number (+1) It will be clear to those skilled in the art how to make and use the signal inverter 613. The itinerary 615 comprises, in an advantageous manner, the sequence logic for ordering, when the signal inverter 613 should invert and not invert the input signal Moreover, the route 615 directs the signal inverter 613 according to an itinerary, which may be based on time. the itinerary could order that the 613 signal inverter alternate between inverting and not inverting every 50 milliseconds. It will be clear to those skilled in the art, how to make and use the 615 itinerary. By transmitting the output of the modulator 611 through the antenna 507-1 and to an inverted and alternately non-inverted copy of the output from the modulator 611 through of antenna 507-2, the two signals (they interfere in two alternating patterns.) When the antennas 507-1 and 507-2 are separated by an equal distance or at least several wavelengths of the carrier of the transmitted signal, then the two patterns will differ in that it is unlikely that both create a multipath fading at the same location . In other words, any pattern can create a set of fades in a set of locations, but it is not likely that both patterns will create a fade in the same location. Therefore, if a wireless terminal is in a fading during one of the two patterns, then it is not likely to be in a fade during the duration of the other pattern. This fact, combined with the following, provides the embodiments of the present invention to attenuate the multi-path fading effect. The effect of multipath fading in a wireless terminal is related to the continuous amount of time in which a wireless terminal, it is in a fading. When a wireless terminal remains for a long time in a fading (eg, a second), the wireless terminal may fail to receive so many consecutive bits, so that the wireless terminal is unable to create an acceptable estimate of the transmitted signal, yet when error detection and correction mechanisms are used. In contrast, when a wireless terminal remains for a short time in a fading (eg, 50 milliseconds), the wireless terminal may be able to create an acceptable estimate of the transmitted signal, since an error detection and correction mechanism Typically, it can cover shorter duration fading. Therefore, the multipath effect can be attenuated if the length of time in which a wireless terminal remains in a fading can be reduced. One way to reduce the length of time in which a wireless terminal remains in a fading is to physically move the wireless terminal, just as if it were in a moving car, to prevent it from remaining in the fading. However, this is not always practical, especially for wireless terminals that are stationary or move slowly (for example, when walking, etc.). The movement is relative, however, and instead of trying to physically move the wireless terminal, the forward channel radius 503-i intends, on the contrary, to move the fades and thus create the effect of physically moving the terminal. Wireless Accordingly, by inverting and alternatively not inverting the input signal, the forward channel radius 503-j. moves fades and thus, prevents a wireless terminal from remaining in a fading. Moreover, by controlling the reason in which, it is inverted and alternatively not inverted to the input signal, the outgoing channel radio 503-i is able to limit the length of time in which, a wireless terminal remains in a fading If the reason for investing and alternatively not investing is high, then the amount is • continuous time in which a wireless terminal remains in a fading, is low and the error detection and correction mechanism can cover the effect of short duration fading. Accordingly, the itinerary 615 can cause a wireless terminal not to remain in a fading for a long time, by ordering the signal inverter 613 to invert and alternatively not invert the input signal, at a high rate (e.g. 50 ms), regardless of whether the wireless terminal is stationary or mobile. Figure 7 shows a block diagram of the amplification stage 505 according to the illustrative embodiment of the present invention, which comprises: adders 701-1 and 701-2, filters 702-1 and 702-2 and the 703-1 and 703-2 amplifiers. The adder 701-1 receives an unaltered input signal from each forward channel radius, < they are summed and output by the composite signal to the filter 702-1 and the bandpass filter which suppresses any frequency components damaged in the composite signal, which fall outside the spectrum in which the base station 500 is allowed to radiate. 703-1 amplifier amplifies the composite signal and exits the amplified signal to antenna 507-1.

The operation of the adder 701-2, the filter 702-2 and the amplifier 703-2 is analogous to that of the adder 703-1, filter 702-1 and amplifier 703-1. The adder 701-2 receives the output signal, which has been temporarily altered from each forward channel radius, adds them and outputs the composite signal to the 702-2 filter. The filter 702-2 and the bandpass filter suppress any damaged frequency component in the composite signal, which falls outside the spectrum in which the base station 500 is allowed to radiate. The 703-2 amplifier amplifies the composite signal and exit the amplified signal to antenna 507-2. Referring again to Figure 5, the transfer pilot radio 504 is used by some embodiments of the present invention, as described above, and antenna 507-1 and antenna 507-2 are separated by an equal distance or less than several wavelengths of the carrier of the transmitted signal, such that the multipath fading of each transmitted signal is independent.

Figure 8 shows a flow diagram of the. { operation of the outgoing channel radio 503-i of Figure 6.

In step 801, the forward channel radius 503-i receives one or more information support signals t in step 802, the information support signal (s) are modulated in a known manner. In step 803, a copy of the modulated signal is output through an antenna and in step 804, a second copy of the modulated signal is inverted and alternately inverted in an advantageous manner. In step 805, the second copy of the modulated signal is transmitted through a second antenna.

It will be clear to those experts in the art, who in steps 803, 804 and 805 are distributive with respect to others, such as the steps of multiplication and addition in the expression: A - (B + C) = (A - B) + (A - C) (Equation 1) Accordingly, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the forward channel radius of Figure 9 creates the same output signals as that of Figure 6, albeit in a different manner, providing that modulators 611- 1 and 611-2 are a matching and synchronized pair. Figure 10 shows a block diagram of the second illustrative embodiment of the outgoing channel radius 503-i, which uses code division multiplexing with phase modulation. Since a wireless terminal using code division multiple access (CDMA) technology processes the displaced images in respective phases, they cause multipath fading in a fundamentally different manner than non-multiple-division wireless terminals. of code (CDMA), a discussion of the operation of the multiple access terminals by division of code (CDMA), will facilitate the understanding of the illustrative modality of Figure 10. Even though the images displaced in multiple phases that provoke the Multipath fading can obstruct a non-CDMA wireless terminal, a code division multiple access wireless (CDMA) terminal, on the other hand, it benefits from images shifted in multiple phases. A wireless code division multiple access (CDMA) terminal isolates and analyzes images displaced in multiple phases and tries to identify the strongest of these images. It then demodulates each of the strongest images and then combines them to produce a better estimate of the transmitted signal, which could be obtained from any individual image. Nevertheless, the uneven phase shift of the different images, can complicate the combination of the demodulated images. Since each image travels in a different path from the transmitter to the receiver, it is very unlikely that the distance traveled by all the images is the same. As mentioned above, any discrepancy in the relative distance traveled is manifested, as a relative time delay in the images, with respect to one another. In addition, any time delay in an image that is not exactly equal to an integral number of wavelengths of the carrier signal, is manifested by a partial phase shift in the image, with respect to other images. In some cases, this partial phase shift can frustrate the code division multiple access wireless (CDMA) terminal properly combining the different images. For example, when the base station 500 uses a modulation scheme that does not affect the carrier phase (e.g., amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, etc.), the partial phase shift of the images in the receiver, it is irrelevant and will not affect the ability of the code division multiple access wireless terminal (CDMA) to combine the different images. In contrast, when the base station 500 uses a modulation scheme that modulates the phase of the carrier signal (eg, quadratic phase shift modulation, etc.), the partial phase shift of the respective images complicates the < task of combining several images. In particular, the partial phase shift of the respective images must be compensated before the different images are combined. Typically, the partial phase shift of the images is compensated by realigning their phase. To assist the wireless terminal in aligning the phase of its respective images, the base station 500 uses a technique called "code division multiple access".

(CDMA) assisted by pilot. "According to pilot-assisted code division multiple access (CDMA), the base station 500 transmits a pilot signal in addition to an information support signal to each wireless terminal. Information support carries the information payment driver to the wireless terminal In contrast, the pilot signal does not carry any user information, but it is used by the wireless terminal to estimate the partial phase shift that has been experienced by each of them. images displaced in their phase from the information support signal Typically, the pilot signal and the information support signal are transmitted on the same frequency from the same antenna, in such a way that they will experience the same environmental effects and same partial phase shift, unlike the support signal of . { information, which is modulated in its phase at least partially, the pilot signal is transmitted with a phase without variations. Since each image of the pilot signal traverses the same path as the image of its associated information support signal, each image of the pilot signal experiences the same phase shift of the image of its associated information support signal. Accordingly, a code-division multiple access wireless (CDMA) terminal can reasonably estimate the phase shift of each image of a -information support signal, by examining the phase shift of each image of the associated pilot signal. With these estimates, the CDMA wireless terminal can align the phase of its images of its information support signal and consequently combine them appropriately. As mentioned above, the pilot signal and the information support signal are typically transmitted on the same frequency, from the same antenna, to ensure that you loved to experience the same partial phase shift. There are two techniques to accomplish this. In accordance with the first technique, the pilot signal and the information support signal are multiple multiples by time division in a single code division channel. í Figure 11 shows a graph that helps to understand the first technique. In Figure 11, a pilot signal and an information support signal are multiplexed by time division, such that each pair of information support signals defines a time interval, regardless of what occurs first in the interval. of time and in spite of the percentage of time of each one occupies in the interval of time. The outgoing channel radius of Figure 10 uses the first technique. According to the second technique, the pilot signal and the information support signal are multiplexed by code dialogue in a single channel delimited by frequency. In other words, both the pilot signal and the information support signal are transmitted simultaneously in the same channel delimited by frequency, but are multiplexed using different orthogonal codes. The outgoing channel radius of Figure 15 uses the second technique. Referring to the forward channel radius shown in Figure 10, the forward channel radius 503-i receives in an advantageous manner, an information support signal from the demultiplexer 501 and the channel encodes the information support signal with the channel encoder 1001, in a manner known per se. The purpose of the channel encoder 1001 is to encrypt the information support signal for privacy purposes and to enable < the wireless terminal to detect and correct errors that occur during transmission. The encoded information support signal coming from the channel encoder 1001 is fed to the timeslot multiplexer 1005. The pilot signal generator 1003 generates a pilot signal in a known manner and outputs it to the multiplexer by time division 1005. Time division multiplexer 1005 accepts the encoded information support signal, coming from the channel encoder 1001 and the pilot signal from the pilot signal generator 1003, and multiplexes them by time division, to generate a pilot signal multiplexed by time division. For purposes of this specification, a "time divided multiplexed pilot signal" is defined as an information support signal that is multiplexed by time division with a pilot signal within a series of time slots. Moreover, this definition holds, despite what happens first with the time interval and despite the percentage of time that each occupies in the time interval. The time division multiplexed pilot signal is fed into the multiplier 1007, which extends the multiplexed pilot signal by time division, with the output of a sequence generator of < 1009 pseudoruted to generate a "time-division multiplexed pilot-assisted direct sequence spread spectrum signal". For purposes of this specification, a "time-division multiplexed pilot-assisted direct sequence spread spectrum signal" is defined as a signal comprising a series of time slots, wherein each time slot comprises a pilot signal multiplexed by time division and an information support signal that have been extended to form a direct sequence extended spectrum signal. For purposes of this specification, a "direct sequence spread spectrum signal" is defined as a first signal multiplied by a determining sequence having a symbol ratio greater than the symbol ratio of the first signal. The output of multiplier 1007 is shown in Figure 11. The output of multiplier 1007 is fed to modulator 1011, which modulates the time-division multiplexed multiplexed pilot extended signal in a carrier signal. It will be clear to those skilled in the art how to make and use the channel encoder 1001, the pilot signal generator 1003, the time division multiplexer 1005, the multiplier 1007, the pseudo-noise sequence generator 1009 and the modulator 1011. The output modulator 1011 is fed advantageously to: (1) the antenna 507-1 (through the adder 701-1 in the amplification stage 505) and (2) the antenna 507-2 (through the signal inverter 1013 and the adder 701-2 in the amplification stage 505). The signal inverter 1013 is identical to the signal inverter 613 of FIG. 6. The itinerary 1015 advantageously comprises a sequential logic which is capable of ordering when the signal inverter 1013 must invert and not invert the input signal. Moreover, the route 1015 leads advantageously to the signal inverter 1013 in accordance with the itinerary, which may be based on a time itinerary or time intervals, or a determining sequence, or a combination of these. For example, when the input to the signal inverter 1013 comprises a series of time slots, the route 1015 may command the signal inverter 1013 to invert the input during the alternate time intervals. For purposes of this specification, the term "alternate time interval" is defined as any other time interval. Alternatively, when the input to the signal inverter 1013 comprises a series of time slots, the itinerary 1015 may command the signal inverter 1013 to invert the output according to a deterministic path, such as a pseudo-noise sequence. Figure 12 shows a flowchart of 'the operation of the outgoing channel radius 503-i of Figure 12. In step 1201, the outbound channel radio 503-i receives an information support signal from the demodulator 501. In step 1202, the information support signal is encoded in its channel to encrypt the information support signal, for privacy purposes and to enable the wireless terminal to detect and correct errors that occur during the broadcast. In step 1203, the information support signal is multiplexed by time division with a pilot signal to produce a time division multiplexed signal and in step 1204, the time division multiplexed signal is extended, in a manner already known, to generate an extended-spectrum signal of direct sequence assisted by multiplexed pilot by time division. In step 1205, the time-division multiplexed pilot-assisted forward spread spectrum signal is modulated in a carrier signal, in a known manner, and in step 1206, a first copy of the modulated signal is transmitted. through a first antenna.

In step 1207 a second copy of the signal < modulated is inverted and alternatively not inverted advantageously. In step 1208, the second copy of the modulated signal is transmitted through a second antenna. From step 12085, the control moves to step 1201. It will be clear to those skilled in the art that in the step of inverting and alternatively not inverting (i.e., step 1207), it is distributive with respect to the steps of extending (ie, step 1204) and modular (ie, step 1205). Accordingly, the forward channel radius of Figure 13 outputs the same signals as that of Figure 10, albeit in a different manner, provided that the modulators 1311-1 and 1311-2 are a matched and synchronized pair. Similarly, the forward channel radius of Figure 14 outputs the same signals as that of Figure 10, albeit in a different manner, provided that the modulators 1411-1 and 1411-2 are a matching and synchronized pair. It will be clear to those skilled in the art how to make and use the outgoing channel radios of Figures 10, 13 and 14. Figures 15 and 16 show block diagrams of the outgoing channel radius 503-i and transfer pilot radio 504, respectively, in which the pilot signal and the information support signal are transmitted simultaneously in the same frequency-delimited channel, but are multiplexed using 1 different orthogonal codes. According to this embodiment, the information support signal is extended and modulated in a radius (shown in Figure 15) and the pilot signal is generated, extended and modulated in a different radius (shown in Figure 16). The forward channel radius of Figure 15 receives an information support signal from the demultiplexer 501 and encodes in its channel the information support signal, with the channel encoder 1501. The channel encoder 1501 is identical in its functions to the channel encoder 1001, described above. The output from the channel encoder 1501 is fed to the multiplier 1507, which extends the signal with the pseudo-noise sequence generator output 1509, to generate a direct-sequence spread spectrum signal. The pseudo-noise sequence generator 1509 is identical in its functions to the pseudo-noise sequence generator 1009, described above. The output of the multiplier 1507 is fed to the modulator 1511, which modulates the direct-sequence spread spectrum signal in a carrier signal. The modulator 1511 is identical to the modulator 1011, described above. The output of the modulator 1511 is fed in an advantageous manner to: (1) the antenna 507-1 (through the adder 701-1 in the amplification stage 505) and (2) the antenna 507-2 (through the signal inverter 1513 and adder 701-2 in amplification stage 505). The signal inverter 1513 and the route 1515 are identical to the signal inverter 613 and the itinerary 615, respectively. Figure 16 shows a block diagram of the transfer pilot radio 504, which generates a pilot signal without phase variation with the pilot signal generator 1603. The pilot signal generator 1603 is identical to the pilot signal generator 1603, described above . The output from the pilot signal generator 1603 is fed to the multiplier 1607, which extends the signal with the pseudo-noise sequence generator output 1609, to generate a direct-sequence spread spectrum signal. The pseudo-sound sequence generator 1609 is identical in its functions to the pseudo-sound sequence generator 1509, described above, except The output of the multiplier 1607 is fed to the modulator 1611, which modulates the direct-sequence spread spectrum signal, in a carrier signal. The modulator 1611 is identical to the modulator 1011, described above. The output of the modulator 1611 is fed in an advantageous manner to: (1) the antenna 507-1 (through the adder 701-1 in the amplification stage 505) and (2) the antenna 507-2 (through the inverter of signal 1613 and adder 701-2 in amplification step 505). The signal inverter 1613 and the route 1615 are identical to the signal inverter 1513 and the itinerary 1515, respectively. It will be clear to all those skilled in the art, how to make and use the forward channel radius of Figure 15 and the forward pilot radio of Figure 16.

Receiver architectures When both the information support signal and the pilot signal are modulated in phase by means of the base station 500, inverting and alternatively not inverting, affects a phase shift of 180 ° in the inverted signal, which is compensated advantageously by the wireless terminal 511. In Figure 17, there is shown a block diagram of the protruding components of an illustrative wireless terminal, which is capable of receiving an extended-spectrum signal of direct sequence assisted by pilot, receiver and output an estimated of the transmitted signal. The code division multiple access (CDMA) receiver 511 comprises: an antenna 1701, a front radio terminal 1702 and the rake receiver 1705. The rake receiver 1705 typically comprises a marker bank N, 1707-1 to 1707 -N, each of which outputs a constituent information support signal, Ti (n) and an estimate of the conjugate pilot signal, ¿(n) associated, for i = 1 to N, where n indicates the temporal sequence of the signals received. Each constituent information support signal, .2_ (n) and its associated conjugate pilot signal estimate, P_ (n), is multiplied by a conjugate pilot multiplier and is combined with a quasi-coherent character by means of combiner 1712, in a manner already known, to provide an estimate, i (n) of the information support signal that was originally transmitted. When the information support signal and the pilot signal are multiplexed by time division into a single channel multiplexed by code division, the wireless terminal 511 must demultiplex by time division the pilot signal from the information support signal , using for example, the marker design shown in Figure 18. In contrast, when the pilot signal and the information support signal are multiplexed by code division into a single channel delimited by frequency, the wireless terminal 511 must demultiplex by division of code to the pilot signal from the information support signal, used for example, to the marker design shown in Figure 20. Figure 18 shows a diagram of. blocks of the projecting components of marker 1707-i, which demultiplexes by time division, to a pilot signal < from an information support signal and correct to invert and alternatively not reverse the pilot signal. The marker of Figure 18 receives a plurality of code division multiplexed signals in conductor 1703 from the front radio terminal 1702 and feeds the signals to the multiplier 1801. The pseudo-noise sequence generator 1803 is identical to the sequence generator of pseudoruted 1009 (of Figure 10) and feeds the same pseudo-sequence to the multiplier 1801, to de-spread to the signal of interest.

The output of the multiplier 1801 is fed to the accumulator 1804, which accumulates the de-energized signal, in a known manner, to improve the fidelity of the de-energized signal. The output of the accumulator 1804 is fed to the time division demultiplexer 1805, which performs the inverse function of the time division multiplexer 1005 (of FIG. 10) and outputs the information support signal on the conductor 1708-? and to the pilot signal on conductor 1709-i. It will be clear to those skilled in the art that the information support signal comprises "inverted information support signals" that are interspersed with the "non-inverted information support signals" and the pilot signal comprises the "inverted pilot signals". interspersed with "pilot signals not inverted". For purposes of this specification, the term "support signal of (inverted information "and its different forms of inflection, is defined as an information support signal that is transmitted when the signal inverter (for example, the signal inverter 613, the signal inverter 1013, etc.) is inverting its input and the term "non-inverted information support signal" and its different forms of inflection is defined as an information support signal that is being transmitted when the signal inverter is not inverting its input. Moreover, for purposes of this specification, the term "inverted pilot signal" and its different inflection forms is defined as a pilot signal that is transmitted when the signal inverter (for example, the signal inverter 613, the inverter of signal 1613, etc.) is inverting its input and the term "pilot signal not inverted" and its different forms of inflection is defined as a pilot signal that is being transmitted when the signal inverter is not inverting its input. Subsequently, the time division demultiplexer 1805 exits the information support signal and the pilot signal in such a way that the phase of the inverted information support signals are adjusted (for example, multiplied, etc.) by the signal inverted pilot and the phase of non-inverted information support signals are adjusted (for example, < multiplied, etc.) by means of the pilot signal not inverted.

However, the illustrative embodiment of the marker 1707-i of Figure 18 does not filter the pilot signals before they are used to adjust the phase of the information support signals. Figure 19 shows a block diagram of the projecting components of the marker 1707-i, which filters the pilot signals before they are used to adjust the phase of the information support signals. As the marker of Figure 17, the marker of Figure 19 receives a plurality of signals divided by code division, in the conductor 1703, from the front radio terminal 1702 and feeds the signals to the multiplier 1901. The Pseudorution sequence generator 1903 is identical to pseudo-sequence generator 1009 (of Figure 10) and feeds the same pseudo-sequence to multiplier 1901 to de-spread to the signal of interest. The output of the multiplier 1901 is fed to the accumulator 1904, which accumulates the de-energized signal in a known manner, to improve the fidelity of the de-energized signal. The output of the accumulator 1904 is fed to the time division demultiplexer 1905, which performs the inverse function of the time division multiplexer 1005 (of Figure 10) and outputs the information support signal to the delay 1911 and the pilot signal to the demultiplexer 1907. The demultiplexer 1907 demultiplexes the pilot signal from the timeslot demultiplexer 1905 into an inverted pilot signal and a non-inverted pilot signal, under the commands of the rover 1909. The rover 1909 is identical to the rover 1015 (of the Figure 10). The inverted pilot signal is fed to the filter 1913 and the non-inverted pilot signal is fed to the filter 1915, respectively. Filters 1913 and 1915 coincide with each other, with a low-pass filter attenuating false changes in the pilot signals. It will be clear to those skilled in the art how to make and use filters 1913 and 1915. The outputs from filters 1913 and 1915 are multiplexed again, under the orders of the 1909 itinerary, to create a pilot signal already corrected in the conductor 1709-i, which can be used to compensate for the partial phase shift of the information support signal issued by the conductor 1708-i. The delay 1911 and the delay 1917 maintain the synchronization of the information support signals and the pilot signals, such that the phase of the inverted information support signals are adjusted (for example, multiplied) by the inverted pilot signal, and the phase of the non-inverted information support signals are adjusted (eg, multiplied) by the non-inverted pilot signal. It will be clear to those skilled in the art, how to make and use marker 1707-i of Figure 19. Figure 20 shows a flow chart of the operation of the marker of Figure 19. In step 2001, marker 1707 -i receives an incoming signal, in step 2002, is demultiplexed by code division (e.g., de-extends) to the incoming signal to create a time-division multiplexed signal, in a manner already known. In step 2003, the marker 1707-i demultiplexes by time division the demultiplexed signal by time division into an information support signal and a pilot signal. In step 2004, the marker 1707-i demultiplexes the pilot signal into an inverted pilot signal and a non-inverted pilot signal, according to an itinerary. In step 2005, the marker 1707-i filters the inverted pilot signal to create a filtered inverted pilot signal and filters the non-inverted pilot signal to create a filtered non-inverted pilot signal. In step 2006, marker 1707-i multiplexes the filtered inverted pilot signal and the filtered non-inverted pilot signal, according to an itinerary in step 2004, (to create a smoothed pilot signal.) In step 2007, the non-inverted information support signal is adjusted based on the filtered non-inverted pilot signal, and in step 2008, the inverted information support signal is adjusted Based on the filtered inverted pilot signal, from step 2008, control returns to step 2001. It will be clear to those skilled in the art, how to make and use wireless terminals that are capable of receiving a pilot signal and information support signal that are multiplexed by division of time into a single channel multiplexed by code division Figure 21 shows a block diagram of the outgoing components of marker 1707-i, which is designed to receive a pilot signal and an information support signal that are multiplexed by code division into a single channel delimited by frequency The marker of Figure 21 receives a plurality of multiplex signals This is done by code division on the conductor 1703, coming from the front radio terminal 1702, and feeds the signals' to the multiplier 2101 and the multiplier 2102. The pseudo-noise sequence generator 2103 is identical to the pseudo-noise sequence generator 1505 ( of Figure 15) and feeds the same pseudo-noise sequence to the multiplier 2101 to demultiplex by code division (i.e. (desextender) to the information support signal of interest. The information support signal is then fed to the accumulator 2105, which accumulates the de-energized signal, in a known manner, to improve the fidelity of the de-energized signal. The output of accumulator 2105 is output to conductor 1708-i. Similarly, the pilot pseudorution sequence generator 2104 is identical to the pilot pseudo-sequence generator 1605 (of FIG. 16) and feeds the same pseudo-sequence to the multiplier 2102, to demultiplex by code division (e.g., de-spread) to the pilot signal. The pilot signal is then fed to the accumulator 2106, which accumulates the de-energized signal, in a known manner, to improve the quality of the de-energized signal. The output of accumulator 2106 is output to conductor 1709-i. It will be clear to those skilled in the art that the information support signal comprises the inverted information support signals interspersed with the non-inverted information support signals and that the pilot signal includes the inverted pilot signals interspersed together with the pilot signals not inverted. ' The marker of the Figure is, however, at a disadvantage, since it does not filter the pilot signals before they are used to adjust the phase of the support signals (for information.) Figure 22 shows a block diagram of the projecting components of marker 1707-i, which filters the pilot signals, before they are used to adjust the phase of the information support signals. i of Figure 22 receives a plurality of multiplexed signals by code division in the conductor 1703, coming from the front radio terminal 1702, and feeds the signals to the multiplier 2201 and the multiplier 2202. The pseudo-noise generator 2203 is identical to the pseudorution sequence generator 1505 (of Figure 15) and feeds the same pseudo-sequence to the multiplier 2201 to demultiplex by code division (i.e., de-spread) to the information support signal of interest. The information carrier is then fed to the accumulator 2205, which accumulates the de-energized signal, in a known manner, to improve the fidelity of the the signal disconnected. The output of the accumulator 2205 is output to the delay 2211. Similarly, the pilot pseudo-sequence generator 2204 is identical to the pilot pseudo-sequence generator 1605 (of FIG. 16) and feeds the same pseudo-sequence to the multiplier 2202, to demultiplex by code division (for example, de-spread) to the 'pilot signal. The pilot signal i is then fed to the accumulator 2206, which accumulates the de-energized signal, in a known manner, to improve the quality of the de-energized signal. The output of the accumulator 2206 is output to the demultiplexer 2207. The demultiplexer 2207 demultiplexes the pilot signal into an inverted pilot signal and a non-inverted pilot signal, under the commands of an itinerary 2209. The itinerary 2209 is identical to the itinerary 1015 (of the Figure 10). The inverted pilot signal is fed to the filter 2213 and the non-inverted pilot signal is fed to the filter 2215, respectively. The filters 2213 and 2215 are coincident in an advantageous manner, low-base filters that attenuate false changes of the pilot signals. It will be clear to those skilled in the art, how to make and use the filters 2213 and 2215. The output of the filter 2213 and the filter 2215 is multiplexed again under the orders of the route 2209, to create a pilot-corrected signal in the driver 2209-i, which can be used to compensate for the partial phase shift of the information support signal issued on the 2208-i conductor. The delay 2211 and the delay 2217 maintain the synchronization of the information support signals and the pilot signals in such a way that the phase of the information support signals is adjusted (for example, multiplied, etc.) by the signal inverted pilot and the phase of non-inverted information support signals are adjusted (eg, multiplied, etc.) by the pilot signal not inverted. It will be clear to those skilled in the art, how to make and use marker 1707-i of Figure 22. Figure 23 shows a flow diagram of the operation of the marker of Figure 22. In step 2301, marker 1707 -i receives an incoming signal, in step 2302, is demultiplexed by code division (e.g., de-extends) to the incoming signal to create an information support signal, in a known manner. In step 2303, the marker 1707-i demultiplexes by code division and accumulates the incoming signal to create a pilot signal. In step 2304, the marker 1707-i demultiplexes and accumulates the pilot signal in an inverted pilot signal and in a non-inverted pilot signal, according to an itinerary. In step 2305, the marker 1707-i filters the inverted pilot signal to create a filtered inverted pilot signal and filters the non-inverted pilot signal to create a filtered non-inverted pilot signal. In step 2306, the marker 1707-i multiplexes the filtered inverted pilot signal and the filtered non-inverted pilot signal, according to an itinerary in step 2304, to create a smoothed pilot signal.

In step 2307, the information support signal (not inverted, it is adjusted based on the filtered inverted non-inverted signal, and in step 2308, the inverted information support signal is adjusted based on the filtered inverted pilot signal.From step 2308, the control returns to step 2301. It will be clear to those skilled in the art, how to make and use wireless terminals that are capable of receiving a pilot signal and an information support signal that are multiplexed by division of code into a single channel delimited by frequency It should be understood that the above-described modalities are merely illustrative of the invention and that many variations can be devised by those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the invention, it is therefore intended that said variations be included within the scope of the invention. the following claims and their equivalents: It is noted that, with regard to this date, the best method known by the requested one, to carry The present invention is the one that is clear from the present, the invention being discovered. Having described the invention as above, the content of the following is claimed as property.

Claims (29)

1. CLAIMS A method, characterized in that it comprises: inverting and alternatively not inverting a first signal, according to an itinerary, to create a second signal; transmit the first signal through a first antenna; and transmitting the second signal through a second antenna.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first signal is a direct sequence spread spectrum signal.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first signal is a pilot-assisted direct sequence extended spectrum signal multiplexed by time division.
4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the first signal comprises a series of time intervals and the itinerary inverts the signal, during the alternating time intervals.
5. The method according to claim 3, < • characterized in that the first signal comprises a series of time intervals and the itinerary inverts the signal, according to a pseudo-noise sequence.
6. An apparatus, characterized in that it comprises: a signal inverter for inverting and alternatively not inverting a first signal, according to an itinerary, to create a second signal; a first antenna to transmit the first signal; and a second antenna for transmitting the second signal.
7. The apparatus in accordance with the claim 6, characterized in that the first signal is an extended-spectrum direct-sequence signal.
8. The apparatus in accordance with the claim 7, characterized in that the first signal is an extended spectrum signal of direct sequence assisted by a pilot, multiplexed by time division.
9. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the first signal 5 comprises a series of time intervals and < the itinerary reverses the signal, during alternating time intervals.
10. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the first signal comprises a series of timeslots and the itinerary inverts the signal, according to a pseudo-noise sequence.
11. A method characterized in that it comprises: extending an information signal to generate a direct sequence extended spectrum signal; multiplexing by "splitting time to the direct-spread extended-spectrum signal with a pilot signal, to generate a forward-spread spectrum signal assisted by time division multiplexed pilot, which is divided into a series of time slots; Y invert and alternatively not invert the time-division multiplexed pilot-assisted direct sequence spread spectrum signal, according to an itinerary, to create a second pilot-assisted direct sequence extended spectrum signal (multiplexed by time division.
12. 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, in addition, it comprises: transmitting the first time-controlled extended signal of the pilot-assisted direct sequence multiplexed by time division, through a first antenna; transmit the second spectrum signal 10 of direct sequence assisted by multiplexed pilot by division of time, through a second antenna.
13. 13. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the first signal of 15 extended spectrum of pilot assisted direct sequence multiplexed by time division, comprises a series of time intervals and the itinerary inverts the first extended-spectrum signal of assisted direct sequence 20 per multiplexed pilot by time division, during the alternating time intervals.
14. 14. An apparatus characterized in that it comprises: a multiplier to extend an information signal to generate a spectrum signal 25 extended direct sequence; a time division multiplexer for time division multiplexing of the direct sequence extended spectrum signal with a pilot signal, to generate a time-controlled multiplexed direct sequence signal multiplexed by time division, which is divided into a series of time intervals; Y a signal inverter to invest and Alternatively, do not invert the time-division multiplexed pilot-assisted direct sequence extended spectrum signal, according to an itinerary, to create a second extended spectrum spectrum signal. 15 direct assisted by multiplexed pilot by division of time.
15. 15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that, in addition, it comprises: a first antenna to transmit the first 20 pilot-assisted direct sequence extended spectrum signal multiplexed by time division; a second antenna for transmitting the second signal of extended spectrum of direct sequence assisted by pilot multiplexed by division of time.
16. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the first time-division multiplexed pilot spread direct-spread signal comprises a series of time slots and the itinerary inverts the first extended spectrum signal of direct sequence assisted by multiplexed pilot by division of time, during alternating time intervals.
17. A method characterized in that it comprises: receive a multiplexed pilot signal by time division; demultiplexing by time division the pilot signal multiplexed by time division, according to an itinerary, to create an inverted information support signal, an inverted pilot signal, a non-inverted information support signal and a pilot signal not inverted; adjust the inverted information support signal, based on the inverted pilot signal; and adjust the non-inverted information support signal, based on the non-inverted pilot signal.
18. 18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the pilot signal multiplexed by time division, is an extended spectrum signal of direct sequence assisted by time division multiplexed pilot.
19. 19. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the pilot signal multiplexed by time division, comprises a series of time slots and the route alternates the pilot signal multiplexed by time division, by alternating time intervals.
20. 20. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the pilot signal multiplexed by time division comprises a series of time slots and the route alternates with the pilot signal multiplexed by time division, according to a pseudo-noise sequence.
21. 21. An apparatus characterized in that it comprises: a receiver for a pilot signal < multiplexed by time division; a time division demultiplexer for time division demultiplexing of the time division multiplexed pilot signal, according to an itinerary, to create an inverted information support signal, an inverted pilot signal, an information support signal not inverted and a pilot signal not inverted; a first multiplier for adjusting the inverted information support signal, based on the inverted pilot signal; and a second multiplier to adjust the non-inverted information support signal, based on the non-inverted pilot signal.
22. The apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that the pilot signal multiplexed by time division, is an extended spectrum signal of direct sequence assisted by time division multiplexed pilot.
23. The apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that the pilot signal multiplexed by time division, comprises a series of time intervals and the itinerary < alternates to the pilot signal multiplexed by time division, by alternating time intervals.
24. The apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that the time-division multiplexed pilot signal comprises a series of time slots and the route alternates with the time-division multiplexed pilot signal, according to a pseudo-noise sequence.
25. A method characterized in that it comprises: demultiplexing by code division an incoming signal, to create a multiplexed signal by time division; demultiplexing by time division the signal multiplexed by time division, to create an information support signal and a pilot signal, wherein the information support signal comprises the information support signals inverted and the support signals of information not inverted and wherein the pilot signal comprises the inverted pilot signals and the non-inverted pilot signals; adjust the information support signals (inverted, based on the inverted pilot signals; adjust non-inverted information support signals, based on non-inverted pilot signals.
26. 26. The method in accordance with the claim 25, characterized in that it comprises demultiplexing the inverted pilot signals, from the non-inverted pilot signals.
27. 27. The method in accordance with the claim 26, characterized in that the demultiplexing step is carried out according to an itinerary.
28. 28. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that, in addition, it comprises: filter the inverted pilot signals; Y filter the pilot signals not inverted.
29. 29. An apparatus characterized in that it comprises: a receiver to receive an incoming signal; a time division demultiplexer, for time division demultiplexing of the time division multiplexed signal, to create an information support signal and a pilot signal, wherein the support signal of (information comprises the support signals of inverted information and non-inverted information support signals and wherein the pilot signal comprises the inverted pilot signals and the non-inverted pilot signals; a multiplier to adjust inverted information support signals, based on inverted pilot signals, and to adjust non-inverted information support signals, based on non-inverted pilot signals. The apparatus in accordance with the claim 25, characterized in that, in addition, it comprises a demultiplexer for demultiplexing the inverted pilot signals, from the non-inverted pilot signals. The apparatus in accordance with the claim 26, characterized in that, in addition, it comprises an itinerary, to direct the demultiplexer, according to an itinerary. The apparatus according to claim 26, characterized in that, in addition, it comprises: a first filter, to filter the inverted pilot signals; and a second filter, to filter the pilot signals not inverted. A method characterized in that it comprises: demultiplexing by code division an incoming signal, to create a time division multiplexed signal and a pilot signal, wherein the information support signal comprises inverted information support signals and non-inverted information support signals and wherein the pilot signal comprises the inverted pilot signals and the non-inverted pilot signals; adjust inverted information support signals, based on inverted pilot signals; Y adjust non-inverted information support signals, based on non-inverted pilot signals. The method in accordance with the claim 33, characterized in that it comprises demultiplexing the inverted pilot signals, from the non-inverted pilot signals. The method in accordance with the claim 34, characterized in that the demultiplexing step is carried out according to a < itinerary The method according to claim 33, characterized in that, in addition, it comprises: filter the inverted pilot signals; Y filter the pilot signals not inverted. An apparatus characterized in that it comprises: a receiver to receive an incoming signal; a first multiplier, for demultiplexing by code division to the incoming signal, to create a time division multiplexed signal, wherein the information support signal comprises the inverted information support signals and the information support signals not inverted a second multiplier, for demultiplexing by code division the incoming signal, to create a pilot signal, wherein the pilot signal comprises the inverted pilot signals and the non-inverted pilot signals; a multiplier to adjust inverted information support signals, based on inverted pilot signals, and to adjust non-inverted information support signals, < í based on the pilot signals not inverted. The apparatus in accordance with the claim 37, characterized in that it also comprises a demultiplexer for demultiplexing the inverted pilot signals, from the non-inverted pilot signals. The apparatus in accordance with the claim 38, characterized in that it also comprises an itinerary to direct the demultiplexer, according to an itinerary. The apparatus according to claim 37, characterized in that, in addition, it comprises: a first filter to filter the inverted pilot signals; and a second filter for filtering the non-inverted pilot signals.