MXPA99003502A - Sleeve, sleeve rope body, method and apartment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a mangana and body of rope mangana, novel and superior, have a nucleus of monofilaments in the center, around which are wound tightly three or more strands of yarns of twisted monofilaments, to form the rope. It also introduces a novel method of manufacturing bodies of rope mangana and a novel device to manufacture the novel bodies of rope mangana, including a novel cross to facilitate the formation of the structure of the body

Description

SLEEVE SLEEVE ROPE BODY. YAPARATO METHOD This invention involves the construction of a special kind of mangana rope, to obtain manganas for use in competitive events to link cattle, in which they provide substantial cash prizes for the best times of the competition. Mangoes of different construction are used to link the hind legs and the head of the animal, in a team bonding competition and a still different construction is preferred to link the calves. Manganas are also used by ranchers in the daily linking of livestock and horses, as part of ranch tasks and animal handling. The invention also involves the method of obtaining manganas and manganas ropes and the novel equipment for obtaining ropes, particularly the manganas ropes of this invention. Manganas have been used in haciendas and rodeos for more than 100 years. The term mangana defines a rope that has some form of a sling or knot at one end, which, when pulled from the other end of the rope through the sling, forms a loop that is used to encircle and then tighten around of an object, the mangana is thus used for the capture. The term laso is often used interchangeably with the term mangana.

In recent years, the prize money for the best times in the linked by teams and the linking of calves, has escalated quickly, and there are now competitions for all levels of experts in the link, from the world-class expert linkers to beginners. Currently, the prize money in the final competitions of the linked by teams can be as high as US $ 180,000 per competition. The Team Link is the only event at the rodeo where two cowboys compete as partners, each sharing victory or defeat on the back of a horse. A cowboy links the bull's horns and guides him to the left. Then another cowboy links both hind legs of the steer, in one of the most difficult maneuvers of the rodeo. Cowboys should each "secure" (wrap their rope around their saddle end) after capturing the head or legs of the animal. The chronometric clock stops when both horses face the steer with the ropes secured. A penalty of five seconds is evaluated if the cowboy that links the legs captures only one of the hind legs. In the practice of the ranch, the large cattle will be linked and knocked down in this way to mark, vaccinate or treat the animal. The calving of calves can be done directly in the work of the ranch to capture the calves for marking or medical treatment and has been developed in one of the fastest and most exciting professional events of the rodeo. The calf takes the lead in the rodeo arena and must travel a barrier cord before the cowboy and horse begin to hunt it. Once in the arena, the cowboy must "capture" his calf with his mangana, dismount, run to the calf, make the 136 kg animal fall to the floor of the sand, together three of the legs of the calf and tie them with a string of type 1.80 meters loop and raise your hands, as a sign of the end of your operation. The final national records of the Professional Rodeo Cowboy Association for the linked by Teams is 3.8 seconds, achieved in the National Rodeo Finals. There are many Team Link competition events throughout the country, and a member of a linked team, which has a typical time of around 5 seconds, can earn US $ 20,000 per year, only on Friday nights and late nights. of week. Winner times are usually determined by hundredths or tenths of a second. This makes the performance of the equipment used in link events very critical. The most important piece of equipment is the mangana. First, the rope for the mangana must be stiffer or harder than the conventional general working cords. This characteristic is referred to as the body. This has been achieved with more twisting and twisting and the final winding of the rope under high tension, in the manufacturing process and finally impregnating the manganas of the team rope with a wax. Second, the rope or mangana must have good touch in the hand of the cowboy. This is subjective, but it is a combination of weight, flexibility or rigidity, and softness. While touch has not been defined with a combination of the objective's test properties, this touch affects the cowboy's effectiveness and thus his selection of a mangana. Each competitor cowboy will typically have purchased 35 to 50 ropes per year. Next, the rope must have enough weight per centimeter, density, feel and be thrown well, that is, for the cowboy to feel where the tip of the loop and the guide portion of the loop are, and for the tip to fly in the launch direction. Finally, the surface of the mangana rope must be smooth and sufficiently polished so that the rope slides easily over the sling burner, as the loop is reduced to tighten around the object to which it is thrown, that is, the horns, legs, etc. The burner is a device attached to the guide portion of the sling in at least the inner portion of the rope, so that this rope slides against it when the loop is reduced to tighten the object to be laced and protect the rope from the rope. abrasion and also reduce the resistance of the sliding rope. A common burner consists of untanned leather stitched on the sling. A sling and burner are shown in the patent of E. U. A., Mo. 2,643,638, and other slings are shown in the patents of E. U. A., Nos. 3,165,091, 3,716,031, 4,562,793 and 4,928,634. Generally, it is convenient to have a denser rope with the same diameter or smaller than a conventional rope. Attempts have been made to achieve this by a tighter twist, ie, greater twists per centimeter and / or by twisting under greater tension. The mangana rope made in this way are "elastic" and the ties of these manganas tend to bounce off the surface with which they collide. instead of getting in touch. This often causes the rope to be lost. The loop must actually be crushed, as shown in general in Figure 8, immediately after contact with the neck, etc. of direction, until the loop can be reduced to tighten on the horns. An "elastic" rope is too rigid to allow this to happen easily, as is necessary to increase the percentage of successful catches. To achieve the desired density in the mangana rope, it has been conventional to mix polyester monofilament yarns with folded nylon and / or wiring in the cords. This technique has been used to obtain the current mangana cords, all of which are coreless, prior to the present invention, but has made the cords more difficult to manufacture. The stiffness and moisture absorption characteristics of the polyester fibers are different from those of nylon, and careful mixing is necessary to balance the density with the tactile and body characteristics, particularly when the mangana rope is made or used in high humidity conditions. The conventional mangana rope has been made mostly with conventional equipment to make it. The mangana ropes have been made by twisting three bundles of monofilament yarns, bent yarns and wire ropes of the desired length, individually under tension, followed by twisting the three twisted bundles together under tension to obtain the rope. The upper box of the machine that manufactures the conventional rope mangana, has three hooks spaced in line, to retain the three bundles of wires under tension, the other ends held by a tip box, while they are twisted in the rope. The rope to obtain the mangana is made of a short section, typically 6.3 to 10 meters long (shorter for children), in a moment. This is very different from the way of making the rope for other applications. The rope section is of the necessary length to obtain a mangana and a rope body is named.

After the section or body of rope is made, the two ends are secured with tape or are joined to prevent fraying, the ropes are soaked in hot wax to heat the ropes to about 149 ° C and then cooled under tension to remove any ripple memory of the fibers. The slings are then joined in the rope and the burner device is attached, as shown in the patent mentioned in the preceding paragraph. The conventional mangan rope is a three-cord rope made of nylon or a mixture of nylon and polyester yarns, as shown in U.S. Patent No. 4,648,352. A very successful conventional mangan rope is obtained by first folding two denier threads of 1260, which contain 205 monofilaments together, with 2 to 6 twisted by 2.54 cm in the Z direction. Next, three of these bent cords form cables together, again with 2 to 6 twisted by 2.54 cm, and rolled into cardboard coils. A twisting, bending and conventional wiring equipment is used to obtain the bent cords and in a cable. In the past, the rope of mangana for calves have been made with either the polypropylene treated with linseed oil, to give rigidity to the rope, or with hemp treated with linseed oil and lacquer. The surface protrusions have to be removed on the hemp rope, and this type of hemp rope is sensitive to changes in moisture, giving the rope a different rigidity and feel that differs depending on the level of humidity in the hemp. the air. The polypropylene hose rope does not have much density, weight per unit volume or per linear meter, as is convenient for optimum accuracy and other performance, which includes how the loop slack is pulled. Likewise, the polypropylene rope stretches more under tension than desired. In a totally different field, it is known to obtain heavy-duty marine ropes and ropes for use in automatic winch machines, having a core, as described in the United States of America patents, Nos. 4,563,869, 3,415,052 and 3,026,669. However, such ropes are very heavy structures, and are for very different purposes and are not suitable for manganas.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention includes a body of mangana rope and a mangana comprised of three or more twisted cords, which form a cover, each cord contains a plurality of threads, including several continuous monofilaments in the form of yarn and a core that it includes a plurality of monofilament yarns, these cords have been wound or twisted around the core under tension, to produce a rigid, hard rope. This rope is soaked in a hot wax to form a rope body. The threads may be untwisted, twisted, bent or in the form of a cable, or their mixtures. The mangana also comprises a conventional sling, which may be of the types well known in the art of obtaining manganas. Preferably, the loop rope body comprises four cords in a cover around a core. Preferably, the core is composed of a plurality of monofilaments or monofilament yarns, some or all of which may have a higher density than most monofilaments in the shell, but preferably, the core of the rope bodies for the legs and heads of the animals for the linking of equipment, are comprised for the most part or totally of a nylon monofilament thread, twisted, bent and / or cable threads, and their combinations. The cords forming the cover around the core are comprised mainly or completely of nylon monofilament threads, some or all of which may be twisted, bent and / or cabled, more preferably in cable. In the most preferred embodiment, for the linking bodies in equipment, the core is completely made of nylon cables. In the especially preferred modality for linking calves, the core is made entirely of polyester wires in cable. The core preferably extends over the length of the body of the rope, but this is not necessary if the core extends through the critical portion of the rope body, which is the length of the thrown portion of the rope body. , that is, the portion of the body of the rope that includes the loop of the rope and at least 90 percent of the rope between the loop and that point by the length of the rope, where the rope can be wound around a ledge of the chair. The core must be at least 68 percent of the length of the rope body that starts at the end with the sling. The uncritical portion of the length is wound or attached around the projection of the chair and carried away from the projection of the chair and in this portion a core is not critical. Some or all of the threads, preferably in the core, may be short ends spliced by the air. These short ends are yarn lengths that are not long enough to obtain the rope body of the hose, usually the remainder in a spool or bundle of yarn. In the past, these short extremes have been discarded as waste or sold at waste prices. It has now been discovered that these short ends can be spliced and used, particularly in the core, in the mangana rope bodies of the present invention and the manganas, without causing any manufacturing problem and without affecting the performance of the mangana in the competition. Typically, there will only be one or two ends of splices in the core, but it is possible to have more of them, because the splices in the core are not displayed on the outside and their use does not indicate any noticeable difference in performance.

The total denier of the monofilament yarns that go in the core is at least about 30,000, but at least 35,000 and more preferably, more than 40,000, such as 45,360 to at least 58,500, for example 48,000 for the rope body of the calves linked. Preferably, the total denier of the monofilament nylon strands in the core varies from 45,000 ± 10 percent, to 53,000 ± 10 percent for the connecting rope bodies by the animal's head and leg equipment and for the manganas. The especially preferred denier is around 45,360 for the head ropes and around 52,920 for the leg ropes. The total denier of the DACRON ™ monofilament polyester or yarns that go into the core of the calf cords is preferably 48,000 ± 10 percent, with about 48,000 being especially preferred. More preferably, the total denier of the monofilament yarns going in the core can vary from +200 to ± 3 percent. The core preferably contains wires in cables, but may be composed entirely of uncurled monofilaments or any combination of uncurled monofilaments and / or pleated and wire strands or other fabricated configurations and mixtures thereof. When the word "around" is used herein, it means that the amount or condition it modifies may vary somewhat, as long as the advantages of the invention are realized. Practically, there is rarely time or resources available to determine very precisely the limits of all the parameters of the invention, because it will require a much greater effort than can be justified at the time the invention is developed, to a commercial reality . Many experienced craftsmen will understand this and it is expected that the disclosed results of the invention may extend, at least somewhat, beyond one or more of the disclosed limits. The total denier of the monofilament material goes in each cord on a four-cord cord and is preferably at least 75,000, with at least 84,000 or 88,000 being better and up to about 90,720 being most preferred. The greater total deniers of the monofilaments per cord of at least 95,000 or greater are suitable for some binding uses. The total denier of the monofilament yarn material going in each bead is preferably about 90,720 + 10 percent for the head and leg linking ropes for this equipment binding, with about 90,720 being the most preferred denier. The total denier of the monofilament yarn material that goes into each bead is preferably about 84,000 ± 15 percent for cords to link calves, with about 84,000 being most preferred. More preferably, the total denier of the material going on the cord in all the rope bodies will vary from less than about +500 denier to +3 percent. Since the denier of the monofilament yarn is partially dependent on the density of the material used to obtain the monofilaments, the denier supplied herein refers to the material used in the preferred embodiments, respectively. Preferably, the rope bodies for sleeves contain monofilament yarns all of nylon or all of polyester, but bodies containing mixtures of these filaments or yarns, with or without filaments or yarns of other materials are also suitable. Likewise, other types of monofilament materials having characteristics similar to nylon or polyester will be suitable for use in place of some or all of the monofilaments of nylon, polyester or DACRON ™, in the rope structures of mangana of this invention, such such as polypropylene, polyethylene and the like. The core preferably contains wires in cables, but can be composed entirely of uncurled monofilaments, or any combination of uncurled and / or twisted, folded and cabled monofilament yarns, or other manufactured configurations, and their mixtures. The invention also includes a rope handle comprising a rope body, as described above, which has been soaked in hot wax and a sling of any known type, but preferably that shown in the aforementioned patent. The invention also includes a method for obtaining novel bodies of mangana rope and novel manganas, of the type described above. The invention also includes an apparatus for obtaining a rope body comprised of a novel upper box, with at least three hooks or beam supports, spaced equidistantly from a central point to retain one end of each beam, a novel cross box of the type sledge, to retain an innovative cross with a hole in its central portion, to retain one end of a core and to apply both tension and compression forces, during the process of manufacturing the rope, and a novel end box, which has a single beam or beam support for retaining the other end of each beam and a tension mechanism for applying tension to the beams and an impeller for rotating the beam or beam support, to twist these beams into a rope body, at least two of the upper box, cross box and end box can be moved and at least the upper box or the end box are fixed. Preferably, the transverse box and the end box are movable and the upper box is fixed, and preferably, the cross box also retains a coil of the core cord. The invention also includes a novel cross box, described herein, with a novel cross having a hole in the center, to allow the core material to be pulled through it, in combination with a conventional top box and / or a conventional tip box. The present invention also includes a novel upper box, here described, having a plurality of hooks, each of which is equidistant from a central point, in combination with a transverse box and / or a tip box of another design. The invention also includes a novel end box, which has a single hook in combination with an upper box and / or a cross box of another design.

Brief Description of the Various Drawings Figure 1 is a plan view of a portion of a tie rope of the prior art. Figure 2 is an end view of a conventional loop rope. Figure 3 is a plan view of a portion of a preferred cord with four strands and core, according to the present invention. Figure 4 is an end view of the preferred tie rope of the present invention. Figure 5 is a cross-section of an intermediate structure of four double beams of individual loose wires, which look from the end of the upper box towards one end of the end box and showing the direction in which the double beams are twisted in a preferred embodiment of the process of the invention.

Figure 6 is a cross section of an intermediate structure of four cords partially twisted around a core, which look from the end of the end box towards the end of the upper box, showing the direction of the partially twisted cords, which they twist and the direction in which the twisted cords are wound or wrapped around the core in the preferred process of the present invention. Figure 7 is a front view of a corridor along the machine making the ropes of the present invention, with some of the components shown partially with separate sections, to show the interior elements. Figure 7A is a schematic view, showing how the machine making the cords is adjusted, with a bundle of wires at the beginning of a string manufacturing process. Figure 8 is an end view of a top box apparatus made in accordance with the present invention, facing an upper end of the line making line.

Figure 9 is an end view of a transverse box apparatus made in accordance with the present invention, facing towards an end of the machine making the cords of the present invention. Figure 10 is an end view of an end box apparatus made in accordance with the present invention, facing the end of the machine making the ropes. Figure 11 is a rope loop of the present invention, showing a sling and a burner. Figure 12 is a perspective view of a preferred cross design of the present invention.

Detailed Description of the Invention Figure 1 shows a plan view of a portion of a conventional mangana rope 2, having three cords 4 twisted together, and Figure 2 is an end view of this cord. Usually, the three cords 4 are all similar. Typically, each cord in conventional cords is made of combinations of a plurality of threads 6 of monofilaments of nylon and sometimes polyester, with some of the threads 6 and sometimes being bent threads and / or wires in cable. The actual combination of threads and materials is a matter of selection and varies with the manufacturer and the product line. This general type of rope, with the various modifications, is widely used in the bonding competition and in the handling of animals. The invention includes a new rope body structure, which has a core and three or more cords. The mangana rope body of the invention produces superior results with cords having all levels of linking experience in all kinds of linking events. These results include the percentage of captures, shorter times and longer life of mangana. A preferred embodiment of this rope body structure of the invention is shown partially in a plan view in Figure 3. This preferred rope 8 has four cords 10 twisted together around a core 14. As shown in Figure 4, which is an end view of the rope portion shown in Figure 3, each cord 10 is composed of a plurality of wires 12, which can be monofilament threads, bent threads and / or wires in cable, and their mixtures. In one embodiment of a mangana rope body, the wires 12 are all similar and are twelve in number and are nylon wired, named as 1260-2 / 3.4 Z) - 3 (3-07 S), but the cords 10 they may be composed of any of many combinations of monofilament yarns, folded yarns and / or wire yarns, of nylon, polyester, polyethylene, Dacron ™, cotton and other fibers of other materials, and mixtures thereof. The designation of 1260 - 2 (3.4 Z) - 3 (3.07 S) means a wire rope made by twisting three strands bent together by twisting in the S direction, in an amount of about 3.07 turns or twisted by 2.54 cm (tpi) of the cable spinning, in a known manner, each bent yarn has been obtained by twisting two 1260 denier monofilament yarns together in the Z direction, in an amount of about 3.5 tpi of the folded yarn, in a known manner. The twists of the folded yarn and the wire yarn may vary, such as from about 2 to 6 tpi, preferably about 30 percent above and below the preferred amounts shown above. In the summer, when there is heat in the plant, the twisted is reduced, for example to about 2.5 tpi. In this rope structure, the denier of each wire is about 7560. The folded yarns may contain more than two twisted or uncurled monofilament yarns, and the wire may contain a number of twisted yarns or a combination of bent threads and twisted or cabled monofilament threads together. The starting monofilament yarn 1260 is preferably a nylon monofilament yarn having 204 filaments with about 0.3 tpi, Z-twisted, such as the nylon 1260-204-0.3Z-1R70 of Allied Signal Fibers, but may be other threads of other jets, which are of a different material, having different filament numbers, different deniers, different amounts and / or directions of twisting, and different finishes or treatments (the designation 1R70 refers to the identification of the product of the thread manufacturers). For example, the denier may vary at least within the range of about 500 to 1680, the filament count may vary considerably, which sometimes will require a change in the diameter of the individual filaments.

While the preferred loop rope bodies, described herein, have four cords around a core, the number of cords can be as little as three and more than four such as up to 6 or 8 cords. The structure for the preferred rope bodies for different linking applications, differ somewhat. In order to obtain mangana rope bodies for head-linking in the equipment, it is preferred to use nylon monofilament yarn 6, 1260 denier, designated 204-0.3Z-1R70, available from Allied Signal Fibers of Allied Signal, Inc., of Morristown, NJ. To prepare this thread and obtain each of the four machine cords of the rope body, two of these threads are first bent together with a twisted 3.6 Z and then three of these bent threads are twisted or formed into cable together with a twisted from 2.7 S to obtain a wire in cable. The total denier of the thread that goes in this wire, is around 7,560. -The core of the preferred rope body for the head of the animal, uses six of these same wires in cable, so the total denier of the wires that go in the core is around 45,360.

A total denier for the thread that goes into each four cords of this preferred rope body for the head of the animal, is about 90,720, with the total denier of the thread in the core being 45,360, the total denier of the thread that goes in this body of rope is around 408,240. This may vary somewhat, as described above, due to the variation in the starting material and obtaining other modalities. The preferred structure for the mangana rope for the animal's legs in the equipment, differ from the preferred structure of the head rope. It is preferred to use DuPont nylon 1400 - 1260 denier, 210 filaments, yarn R20-728, available from DuPont, Co. , of Wilmington, DE, for the cord on the cover. For the core, it is preferred to use nylon 6 of Allied Signal, such as 1000-0192-1W74. The wire rope is preferred for the cords and the core and the wire cords are prepared in the same manner as in the head rope, except that 7 wire cords are preferably used in the core of the body structure of the cord. rope for the legs.

The total denier of the threads in each of the four cords, in this structure of the rope body preferred for the legs, is the same as that of the thread in the cords on the head cord, but the total denier of the thread that goes in the core in the preferred rope of the legs, it is around 52,920 and the total denier of the thread that goes in this structure of the rope body for the legs is around 415,800. This total denier that goes in the rope body for the legs, can vary from approximately 302,000 to 424,000 or more, as described above, the total denier of the thread that goes in the core can vary, as described in the compendium of the invention. Likewise, other fibers may be used in the rope body for the legs, such as nylon 6, but the nylon fibers 66 appear to obtain a harder rope structure, which is preferred. The structure of the preferred rope body to obtain the calf-linking hose begins with the use of DuPont DACRON ™ polyester yarn, DTE 1000 (denier) - 140 (filaments) - R02 - 51B, folded and in cable, in each one of the four cords in the structure of the rope body. Three of these yarns are folded together, preferably with about a 3.38 Z twist. Two of these folded yarns are then formed into wire or twisted together, preferably with about 2.5 S twist to create a wired yarn having a twist. Denier of around 5,000. Each string of the preferred rope body structure, for calves, contains 14 of these wire strands, so the total denier of the thread going in each cord is around 84,000. The core of the preferred rope body structure for calves contains 16 SPIRAL FLEX ™ (1000 - 1 - 3 - Type 811) polyester cable strands purchased from Hoechst Celanese Corp. Technical Fibers of Charlotte, NC, which makes a total denier of the thread that goes in the nucleus of approximately 48,000. Alternatively, the core may preferably contain 16 wire strands, each wire strand made by first supplying a 1000 denier polyester yarn, such as 1000-0192-1W74, available from Allied Signal Fibers, a twisted 6.4 Z. Then, three of these twisted threads twist or form a cable together, with a twist of 6.5 S, to produce a wire with a total denier of the yarn that goes in each wire of about 3,000. These cable threads can be used instead of Hoechst Celanese cable threads. For rope bodies for calves, at least some of the monofilaments used in the core may have a higher density or a lower density than the fibers that make up the larger portion of the roofing cords. The total denier of the thread that goes on this preferred rope body for calves is around 384,000. The total denier of the yarn that goes into other modalities can be varied as described in the compendium of the previous invention, by the use of different yarn quantities and / or different kinds of yarn and / or different yarn deniers. These specifications for the structure of the rope body of mangana, described above, all apply to adult rope body structures, which are approximately 9.5 millimeters in diameter. The rope structure for children's hoses is smaller in diameter, for example around 6.4 or 8 millimeters, and obviously, the total denier of the yarn going on the rope body is correspondingly reduced, when obtaining rope bodies for manganas used by children.

Referring again to Figure 4, the rope 8 contains a core 14 in the central portion of the rope. This core is squeezed by the cords 10 wound around it, which comprise a plurality of threads 16, which can be monofilament yarns, twisted or unbent, folded yarns, and / or yarns in cables, other configurations of yarns manufactured , and its mixtures. A method for obtaining the preferred rope body for a head hose, of the equipment, will be described in detail, as an illustration of the invention. The core 14 preferably consists of six wires in a cable, each wire is made up of six threads of 1260 (denier) - 0.204 - 0.3Z - 1R70, by first folding two of the threads together with a twist of 3.6 Z (3.6 turns) by 2.54 cm or tpi), whose subsequent twisting can vary by about ± 30 percent. Next, three of these folded yarns twist or form a cable together, with a twist of about 2.7 S, to obtain a wire in cable. In this preferred embodiment, the total denier of the threads that go into each of the six wires in cable, which are used to obtain the core, is nominally 7560, making the total denier of the thread that goes inside the core around of 45,360. Preferably, the core yarns are all nylon 6, such as supplied by Allied Signal Fibers, which contains 192 monofilaments per yarn, but yarns made of other materials can be used to compose the core, such as polyester, polypropylene, DACRON ™ and many other materials. For various reasons, it is preferred to use nylon fibers from Allied Signal Fibers in the rope bodies for the head and nylon fibers from DuPont, in the rope bodies for the legs. The most preferred embodiment of the mangana rope and the mangana, previously described, is obtained from yarn having a total denier of about 408.240, about 45.360 coming from the yarn in the core and the rest of the yarn in the four cords, each containing an equal amount of thread. Rope 8 is very hard, which has formed under hundreds of kilograms of force against the cords, as they wind around the core, with the cord being under more than about 45.5 kilograms of tension, preferably more than 113 kilograms and more preferably more than 227 kilograms, during the process of obtaining the rope. Rope 8 is impregnated and coated with a wax to make it smoother, more polished and water resistant. Rope 8 may be of various colors, dyeing or using colored fibers in the cover and / or the core. The mangana rope or the mangana of the present invention can also be coated or sprinkled with a fine talcum, in a known manner, to make this rope slide better in a gloved hand. Figure 7 shows a preferred embodiment of a novel rope runner running along the machine, greatly shortened in scale, to obtain both the novel mangana cords, described above, and the conventional manganas and other cords. This machine includes an upper box 30, a cross box 32, sled-type, and an end box 34. The sleigh-type cross box (cross box) 32 and the end box 34 can be moved back and forth from the upper case 30 in one or two rails 36, in the manner described later. This runner along the machine that makes the strings can be and is usually used with conventional accessories (not shown), such as one or more baskets for retaining the bobbins of the thread, a device for operator movement, which allows this operator to travel back and forth for the length of the machine, faster than walking and other equipment conventional, typically used with conventional runners along the machines that make the ropes. The runner along the machine that manufactures the body of the rope, illustrated here and used to obtain the bristle bodies of the invention, here described, can be constructed all new or be made by modifying a corridor of conventional body of mangana rope, along the machine, in the manner described below. The individual sub-assemblies of the runner along the machine will be described first and then it will be explained how this machine is operated to produce a rope, according to the preferred embodiment. The upper case 30 is also shown in an end view in Figure 8. The upper case 30 is comprised of a plurality of beam support members, preferably the hooks 38 (A, B, C, D), connected to trees rotary 41, a frame 39, a conventional drive motor and support mounts (not shown) for the hook shafts 41. The hooks 38 are also generally spaced from the center point 40, which forms a square in this embodiment, but they can be placed in a diamond shape equally. Being equidistant or very close to the equidistance of a central point, a point within the confines or the area of a line drawn between each of the hooks 38, it is important to produce equal tension in each cord of the mangana rope. The mangana rope machines of the prior art place the hooks on the upper box, generally along a straight line. The upper case 30 in these figures has four hooks 38, but may have more or fewer hooks to make different rope structures, as long as each hook is equidistant from a central point. For example, when making a three-layered rope, the upper head 30 may have three hooks in the shape of a triangle and when a five-layered cord is made, the hooks will be placed on the circumference of a circle spaced around a circle. 72 radial degrees on the circumference. While the hooks are preferred, any means for supporting a bundle of wires can be used, such as an eye bolt or other configuration that allows the beam to slide past the support and still retain this beam, when placed under substantial tension . Any conventional impulse element for rotating the hooks, all in the same direction and at the same revolutions per minute, is suitable, such as an engine with a multi-groove pulley in the motor shaft and an impulse band running from each from the slots to a pulley on each of the hooks 41, or the arrangement shown in Figure 8. There is a motor pulley that drives a conventional secondary shaft, whose axis is in line with the center point of the hooks 38. This conventional auxiliary shaft has a multi-slotted pulley assembled, which drives a pulley on each hook shaft 41 in the same direction of rotation and speed by means of impulse bands. If one wishes to obtain mangana cords for the left side, the impulse direction must be reversed. The upper case is preferably fixed in position by holding the frame 39 to the floor. The size of frame 38, bearing assemblies, hooks 38 and hook trees 41, can be varied as long as they are strong enough to retain at least 22.7 kilograms of tension per hook 38 and preferably up to at least 45.5 to 68.1 kilograms of tension by hook 38. The configuration of the hook is conventional and the hooks 38 are preferably made of a good wear-resistant steel. When a conventional upper box, which has three hooks spaced in line, is converted to the head box shown in Figure 8, the old top box is modified to reposition the hooks 38 to be equidistant from the center 40 and add or remove, if necessary, one or more hooks 38. Figures 7 and 9 show a preferred embodiment of a novel cross box or sledge-type cross box, 32, hereinafter referred to as the cross box. This cross box includes a frame 42, which comprises the sides 43, and an upper part 45. Brackets 44 of the front wheel are attached to the bottom side of the frame 42 near the end of the cross box, which is closest to the upper layer 30. Mounted on an axle, inside each support 44, there is a wheel suspended slightly above the rail 36. Each wheel has a V-groove around its periphery, to operate on rails 36 at an angle. The cross box also has two wheels 54 at the end of the end box 34. The wheels 54 are also grooved like the wheels 46 and are suspended normally slightly above the rails 36. The wheels are supported on an axis, which, in turn, is supported by a lower end of a lever 56 on one side and any other lever 56 on the opposite side of the cross box, or a hanger 57 similar to the lower portion of the lever 56. Each lever 56, and when only one lever 56 is used, the hanger 57, both are supported and pivoted about an axis 58, which passes through the sides 43 of the cross box by a few centimeters above the bottom and near the end of the end box of the cross box 32. The arrangement, just described, is designed so that, as will be apparent to skilled artisans, when the lever 56 is pulled towards the vertical, the wheels 54 will make contact with the rails 36 and will move the ca crosswise upwards also carrying the wheels 46 in contact with the rails 36. When the lever 56 is pulled by passing the vertical by about 5 to 10 degrees, this cross box is lowered slightly, but not enough to disconnect the wheels 46 from the rails 36. With this movement, a spigot 60, extending outwardly from a side 43 of the cross box 32, makes contact with the lever 56, preventing this lever 56 from moving further. The weight of the cross box 32 now retains the wheels 54 in this position engaged with the rails 36 until the lever 56 moves back to the vertical position and in the position shown in Figure 7. The rail or rails 36 are they preferably make a wear-resistant steel angle, oriented as shown, but may have any configuration for the use of guiding a wheeled cart or going in a straight path. You only need to use one rail, but you prefer to use two. When a rope is made, the wheels are uncoupled from the rails 36. Then, the cross box 32 is supported on the rails with an inverted corridor 50, V-shaped, on each side of the cross box 32 being joined with the supports 48, which are joined to the lower side of the frame 42 on both sides of the cross box, above each rail 36. Each corridor at an angle 50 is lined with a layer 52 of a friction material. The preferred friction material is a layer of wood, such as pine or oak, which has several layers, for example four, of cotton fabric on its working face. The layers of fabric are held on the block of wood by being attached to the sides with tacks or other conventional shape. This fabric is kept wet with a light oil or preferably with diesel fuel. In a preferred embodiment of the cross box 32, each runner 50 and the layer 52 are about 71 cm long, but this length can be varied, according to the present invention, to increase or decrease the force required to slide the cross box 32 along the rails 36 towards the upper case 30. Likewise, weights (not shown) are placed inside the cross box 32 in the desired amount, to cooperate with the runner 50 and the friction box 52 to obtain the desired amount of force necessary to cause the transverse box to slide along one or more rails 36. Any kind of weight can be used, such as metal plates, lead shot or steel, sand, a heavy liquid, etc.

Obviously, other means of producing the drag magnitude of the cross box, the force necessary to move the cross box 32 during the process of obtaining the rope, can be used, such as a friction clutch, an adjustable backward force. constant voltage, etc. The magnitude of the force required to move the cross box 32 during the process of obtaining the rope is critical to the characteristics of the rope and will be described in greater detail later. Preferably, sufficient weights are placed within the cross box 32 to require 90.9 kilograms of force to pull or push the cross box 32 along the rails 36, when this box 32 rests on its corridors 50 and the layer 32 friction 52. A novel cross 62 is mounted on the center line of the upper part 45 of the cross box 32, near the end closest to the upper case 30. A preferred embodiment of the cross 62 for obtaining a three or four cords, shown in perspective in Figure 12 and has four spokes 64, with the center line of each being in the same plane and being at 90 degree angles with respect to each other. The outer portion of each ray 64 preferably has a circular cross-section, and the portion of each ray 64 near where the rays 64 are connected to a rounded or spherical centerpiece is tapered towards the center piece 68, which forms the tapered portions. 66. The small end of each ray 64 is preferably attached to a spherical member or portion 68, which has a hole 70 therethrough, from the front to the rear. The cross member may also have other configurations, for example, the spokes 64 may be oval or with another configuration in cross section, the tapered portion 68 may be oval in cross section, the spherical portion 68 may also be a thick washer, with the flat surface on the sides of the upper box and the end box. Conventional transverse configurations can be used if they are modified to have the hole 70 in the center piece or intersection of the spokes. The preferred cross has four spokes, but it can have three spokes, when a three-layered rope is made, and it must have more than four spokes when a rope is made with more than four laces, for example, five or six rays equally spaced around of a central piece 68 for a rope of five or six cords. The hole 70 is preferably in the center of the cross 62 and, if not, is close to it. This is critical in the placement of the core in the center of the rope, to form the core 14. Preferably, the cross is mounted so that the hole 70 is aligned with the center point 40 in the upper case 30 and an end hook 90 in the end box 34. The use of this novel cross to replace the conventional crosses used in the boxes of conventional crosses, is essential to convert the conventional machines that make the rope body, to obtain the new rope bodies, here described. The design of the novel preferred cross 62, shown in Figure 12, has the following dimensions. The ends of the cross members 64 are about 4,445 cm from the center of the hole 70 and the cross members 64 are rounded in cross section with a diameter of about 15.8 millimeters in the non-tapered portion. The tapered portion 66 is about 15.6 millimeters long. The diameter of the small part of the cone is around 9.4 millimeters. The portion 68 of the spherical center at the center of the cross is around 14.2 millimeters and 1 hole 70 is about 5.1 millimeters in diameter. This cross 62 is made of a high carbon steel, resistant to wear. Other dimensions are also suitable and skilled artisans can easily determine them, with the benefit of this description. Preferably, also mounted on the top 45 of the cross box 32, there are three slotted pulleys 80, spaced apart, which can rotate in shafts 82 attached to the upper part in any known manner, such as with threads, welding, etc. Referring also to Figure 7A, the pulleys 80A and C are mounted on the top 45 of the cross box, near the side 43 and a few centimeters below the cross 62, that is, between the cross 62 and the end of the cross box 32 closest to the end box 34. The third pulley 80 B is placed straight behind the cross 62 on the side to the center side of the top 45, preferably in alignment with the other pulleys 80 A and C. When a rope is obtained that has more than four cords wrapped around a core, an additional pulley will be required for each cord and they can be assembled in line with the pulleys 80 AC. These pulleys are used to form double beams 18 (Figure 5) of threads of appropriate length to obtain the cords for the cord, as will be seen later. Instead of slotted pulleys, vertical rods, each with a small smooth groove or each with a U-shaped section in an upper portion, with the bottom of the U pointing towards the upper case 30, can be used instead of them. The cross box 32 also carries a coil 72 of the bundle 71 of cores, wound on a heavy mandrel 76 (see Figure 9). Each end of the coil mandrel 76 rests on a support 78 held within each side 43 of the cross box near the end of the upper case of the cross box 32 and high enough above the bottom, so the complete coil 72 It is free to rotate to unwind. The core bundle 71 is screwed through the hole 70 in the center of the cross 62, preferably at the beginning of the process of obtaining the rope. When modifying a conventional cross box, it is preferred to mount the pulleys 80 in the same manner, as the cross box shown in Figure 9. It is also preferred to modify a conventional cross box, modifying it to retain a coil or tube having a coiled core material and distributing the core cord in the manner shown in Figure 9, or the like. For example, the coil of the core cord need not be horizontal and need not be centered horizontally on the axis of the hole 709 of the cross 62 and may be above or below the hole 70, as long as the cord 71 of the core can move unimpeded a, and through the hole 70. Referring to Figures 7 and 10, a novel end box 34 includes a frame 84 with its upper portion preferably cantilevered toward the upper case 30, sufficiently to allow a hook 80 of end rests on the grooved pulleys 80 when the end box 34 and the cross box are in the proper positions to begin the twisting step in the process of obtaining the rope. The frame 84 is supported on four wheels 88, slotted to be mounted on the rails 36, with a wheel 88 under each lower corner of the end box 34 and supported with a shaft held within a support 86 attached to the frame 84 of the box of limb in any suitable manner. A shock absorber 85 (see Figure 7) is attached to the frame 84 in any suitable manner at the end of the cross box 32 of the end box 34 and sufficiently high (or sufficiently short that it free the wheels 54 in the cross box 32, when the end box moves sufficiently close to the cross box 32 that the shock absorber makes contact with the end of the cross box 32. This shock absorber or guard 85 will actually push the cross box 32 towards the top box 30 during the process of manufacturing the rope, as the end box 34 is pulled towards the upper box 30 by the shortening of the bundles 18, as they are twisted to form the cords 10. Sufficient weights 96 are placed inside the end box 34 to hold it firmly on the rails 36, during the process of manufacturing the rope. A shaft 89 is supported in a rotary manner with two or preferably three cushion block bearings 91, mounted on the upper part of the frame 84 of the end box 34 with the centerline of the shaft being above the longitudinal center line of the shaft. end box 34. Attached to, or integral with, the shaft 89 at the end closest to the upper case 30, is an end hook 90, which preferably extends past the end of the frame 84 for easy access. A grooved pulley 95 is attached to the shaft 89 in some way along its length, such as between two of the bearings 91. A motor or pulse 92, having a pulse pulley 93 and an impulse band 94, which goes inside the grooved pulley 95 and this pulley 93 rotates the shaft 89 and the end hook 90 in the process of manufacturing the rope. The revolutions per minute (rpm) of the shaft 89 can be varied in any number of known ways, and the direction of rotation of the shaft can be reversed to obtain the rope for its operation with the left hand, in a known manner. The end box 34 must be moved to place it properly to begin the process of obtaining the rope. This can be done in any of several known ways, such as pulling the end box 34 from each end, depending on which direction of the end box 34 needs to move. In the preferred embodiment, the end box 34 has a draw bar 98 (Figure 10) attached in any known manner, to the bottom of the frame 84, preferably in the center of the bottom near the end closest to the upper case 30. cable 100, chain or other similar means, can be pulled with a winch, etc., to move the end box 34 in the direction shown by arrow 99 in Figure 7. This end box 34 needs to have a pulling force or later 97 adjustable, but constant, applied during the last stages of the process of obtaining the rope. This can be accomplished in a number of ways, as will be obvious to an expert craftsman. In the preferred embodiment shown here, this is achieved with a cable, chain or rope attached to the center of the back of the frame 64 of the end box, with the other end of the cable, etc., being pulled with a constant force , such as a suspended counterweight, which hangs at the other end of the cable, with this cable placed on a freewheeling pulley (not shown). By changing the weight of the counterweight, the amount of drag or subsequent force 97 can be adjusted. Then by adjusting the magnitude of the force on the cable 100 to a magnitude greater or less than the force 97, the end box 34 will be pulled along the rails 36 towards or away from the upper case 30. The novel bodies of Mangana rope, described above, are obtained with the novel apparatus described above, by a novel process of obtaining the body of the mangana rope, of which a preferred embodiment is now described. In the manufacture of a mangana rope with core of the invention, of 10.7 meters in length, such as for a handle used for the lacing of head of the equipment, the lever 56 of the box of cross 32 is pulled by passing the vertical to raise the cross box 32 on its wheels 54 and 46, and the cross box 32 is rolled by any suitable means towards the upper case, until the cross 62 is approximately 10.2 cm from the hooks 38 in the upper case 30. In at this time, the hooks 38 are in a fixed position, preferably with the end of each hook 38 at or near the top, as shown in Figure 7. Next, a beam 17 of the preferred wire, or wire of monofilaments, bent yarns and / or other cable yarns, other fabricated yarn configurations or their blends, are pulled from a plurality of spools or packages assembled in a conventional basket (not shown), positioned near the upper case 30 and passed upwards on the four hooks 38 AD in the upper case 30, the grooved pulleys 80 AC in the cross box 32, and the end hook 90 in the end case 34, preferably as shown in Figure 7A in schematic form. This can be done in other patterns or trajectories, but preferably it is done by first joining the end of the beam 17 to the hook 38A, the upper left hook seen in Figure 8. The beam 17, preferably of six preferred wires in cable, is then passed around the pulley 80A on the same side of the cross box 32 and pulled again around the lower left hook 38B and around the center pulley 80B and then around the lower right hook 38C and around the remaining pulley 80C and again around the upper right hand hook 38D. The beam 17 is then pulled down towards and around the end hook 90 and pulled back to the upper left hook 38A, cut and the cut end attached to that hook (note the protruding end from each of the two knots in the hook 38A).

This last stage is done as follows. The cross box 32 moves to an appropriate position to form four pairs of beams 17, double beams 18, of yarns of appropriate length, which, in this embodiment, is finally about 18.6 meters long. The box 34 of the end hook must also be moved to an appropriate location to place the end hook 90 in the desired area. Keeping the beam coming from the upper right hook 38D tightly in one hand, the operator moves with the cross box 32 to the point where the distance between the upper part of the pulleys 80A-C and the inside of the hooks 38A-D of about 18.3 meters. At this time, the operator lowers the cross box 32, so that the runners 50 are supporting the cross box 32 on the rails 36, moving the lever 56 to the position shown in Figure 7. In this position, the cross will be directly above the location W, shown in Figure 7. After the previous steps, the end box 34 is at a point where the end hook 90 is just above the pulleys and just above the position R shown in Figure 7. The operator then transfers the bundle around each pulley 80A-C to the end hook 90, as shown by the arrows in Figure 7A, and also ties the beam that is held in his hand, around the hook end 90. The operator, still keeping the beam 17 of the threads in his hand, but now in loose form, so that the beam 17 can slide through his hand, moves back to the upper case 30, pulls the slack of the beam of the strands between your hand and the hook of end 90, cuts the beam 17 and joins the cut end of the motionless beam in its hand to the upper left hook 38A in the upper case 30. The operator now has four double beams 18 of yarn, ie each double beam 18 containing twelve cable strands in this preferred embodiment, each double bundle is about 18.3 meters long, the length depending on the length of the body of the desired finished rope and the desired hardness, density of the finished rope body, and stretched between the hook of end 90 and one of the four hooks of upper box 38, as shown in Figure 7A. In the preferred embodiment, here described, the six coil wires are all similar, each being nylon in wire, designated as 1260-2 (3.4 Z) 3 (3.07S). However, many combinations of monofilament yarns, bent yarns and / or nylon, polyester, polyethylene, Dacron ™, cotton and other fibers of other materials and mixtures thereof can be used in accordance with the present invention. . In this preferred embodiment of the method of the invention, the denier of each wire is about 7560, but it can also be varied substantially for different loop cords, as described above. The bent threads may contain two or more monofilament threads, and the threads in cables may contain different numbers of bent and / or twisted threads or a combination of one or more bent threads and one or more threads of monofilaments, twisted together. The starting monofilament yarn 1260, used to obtain the wire ropes, used in this embodiment, to obtain the mangana rope, shown in Figures 3 and 4, is preferably a nylon monofilament yarn, having 204 filaments with an approximate twist of 0.3Z, such as the nylon 1260-204-0.3Z - 1R70 of Allied Signal Fibers, but may be other threads of other jets, of the same or different material, which have different numbers of filaments, different deniers, different quantities and / or direction of twisting., and different finishes or treatments (the designation 1R70 refers to the finishing or treatment of the yarn by the dispenser). For example, the denier may vary at least within the approximate range of 500 to 1680 and the filament count may vary considerably. The diameters of the monofilaments can also vary. While the body of the mangana rope is made here of four cords around a core, the number of cords can be as low as three and also greater than four, such as up to 6 or 8 cords. Next, the operator moves the end box 34 about 30 cm away from the cross box 32, which carries the end hook 90, to an area directly above the arrow S in Figure 7. This is achieved in this example increasing the tension force 97 in the end box 34 to about 273 kilograms more than the tension force 99. This places a tension of approximately 273 kilograms divided by the total number of wires, in this case 48 wire strands (4 double beams of 12 wires each), around 5.7 kilograms per cable wire in this preferred example. This tensile force can vary, such as up or down, by at least 10 percent to obtain different kinds of mangana rope structures. Next, unless done earlier, the operator places a coil 70 of coiled core bundles 71 on a heavy mandrel 76 on the supports 78, as shown in Figure 9, and passes the bundle 71 of the core to through the hole 70 in the center of the cross 62 and joins the end of the beam 71 of the core to the end hook 80. The bundle 71 of the core preferably consists of six strands of wire, each preferably made from the same starting yarn used in the strands for the cover and made in the same way as the strand of rope used in the bundle 17, except that it can be use some spliced cable wire. The twisting of the cable can vary by up to + 30 percent and the number of cable strands used in the core can be at least as little as five and at least as many as seven. In this mode, the total denier of the monofilaments in each of the six cable strands is 7560 making the core of 45,360 denier. Preferably, the core threads are all nylon for the headgear of the headgear and the legs of the animal, but they can all or partly be a different nylon or a different material, such as the polyester supplied by Allied. Signal Fibers, which contains 192 monofilaments per thread. This last thread is especially good for the core of a calf-linking mangana. Likewise, other thread configurations can be used to obtain the core. For certain purposes, such as the calf linkage sleeves, at least some of the monofilaments used in the core preferably have a higher density, weight per unit volume, than the monofilaments that make up the main portion of the shoelaces 10 of the cover. The operator then ensures that each double beam 18 is in a separate and appropriate quadrant of the cross 62, as shown in Figure 9, The double beams 18 attached to the upper hooks 38, must be in the upper quadrants of the cross, etc., so that the double beam 18 goes straight between its upper box hook 38 and the end hook 90. The operator ensures that each beam of each double beam 18 comes from the same hook 38. Each double beam 18 preferably contains twelve of the wire strands and will form a cord 10 having a denier of approximately 90,720. Now the operator starts the engine in the upper case 30 and begins to twist the four double beams 18, while it is under a tension of approximately 273 kilograms, as described in the preceding paragraph. The cable wires 20 in all the double beams 18 are now all twisted in the same direction, clockwise, as shown in Figure 5, which is a cross section taken between the upper hooks 38 and the cross 62, in the start of the twisting operation of double beams, to obtain the cords 10, which look in the direction of the end box 30 in the cross section. While the twisting regime may vary as a selection item, the rpm of the upper hooks 38 in this preferred embodiment is about 850. As the twisting of the double beams 18 to obtain the strands 10 progresses, the length of the double beams 18 becomes shorter, pulling the end box 34 forward against the constant tension of approximately 273 kilograms in the preferred embodiment and rapidly causing the defense 85 in the end box 34 to contact the end of the cross box 32. Once this happens, the end box 34 must push the cross box 32 along the rails 36, and this event as the twisting of the double beams 18 continues to shorten each double beam 18 to obtain the cord 10. This contact adds the force required to slide the runners 50 of the cross box and the friction layer 52 along the rails 36 which, in the preferred embodiment is about 91 kilograms, but this magnitude may be greater or less than this. Thus, double beams 18 in this preferred embodiment are easy to be twisted under a tension of about 364 kilograms in total or about 7.6 kilograms per yarn. When the end hook 90 is pulled towards an area above the rail, shown as T in Figure 7, the twisting of the cords 10 becomes so great that these cords between the fixed end hook 90 and the cross 62 start to winding around the core 14 that forms the mangana rope. Initially, the cross 62 and the resistance to movement of the cross box 32, prevent the winding of the rope from moving the cross box 32 away from the end hook 90.

In this embodiment of the method, when the end hook 90 reaches a distance of about 14.3 meters from the hooks 38 of the upper box, a point directly above the area, marked with the arrow T in Figure 7, the cross 62 will move above the arrow marked X in Figure 7. At this time, the operator turns on the drive motor 92 for the end hook 90. This will cause the end hook 90 to turn the cords 10 in a direction in counter clockwise, make the upper case 30, as shown in Figure 8, which winds the cords 10 around the core 14. In this preferred embodiment, the end hook 90 rotates at about 1100 rpm, but other modes of rotation will be acceptable, particularly if the rotation speeds of the hooks 38 are also changed accordingly. While the end hook 90 is rotating, the hooks 38 of the upper box continue to twist the double beams 18, or cords 10, and the posterior force of about 273 kilograms remains in the end box 34. The winding of the cords 10 around of the core 14 by rotating the end hook 90, which forms the rope 8, pushes against the cross 62 with a force exceeding about 91 kilograms, which causes the cross box 32 to move along the rails 36 towards the upper case 30. As the cross 62 moves towards the upper case 30, the core bundle 71 is pulled from the spool 72 and moves through the hole 70 and into the center of the rope 8, as the cords 10 are wound around the bundle 71 of the core, tightening them together in a dense core 14, as shown in Figure 4. The combination of the magnitude of the resistance to the cross box 32, which moves on the rails 36 and the magnitude of the rear tension on the end hook 90 , cooperate in supplying the characteristics of firmness and rigidity to the rope 8. This process continues until the cross is within approximately 30 cm from the hooks 38 of the upper box and directly above the arrow Y in Figure 7. In that At this moment, the motor of the upper box and the motor 92 of the end box stop. The tape is wound tightly around the string, near the side of the end box of the cross 62, and the rear force 97 in the end box is reduced to zero and the string 8 is cut between the tape and the cross. The cord material, now loose, hanging from the hooks 38, is removed and discarded. The other end of the rope 8 slides out of the end hook 90 and the section of the rope 8, called a body, is ready for further processing in a handle. The body of the rope is placed in a hot wax tub, preferably at about 149 ° C, which is longer than the body, so this body can be placed generally vertically. The temperature may vary somewhat, as long as it is high enough to relax the tension in the body, which would tend to make the rope undulated or bent, and high enough to make the viscosity of the cast wax sufficiently low to penetrate the cords and threads. of the rope. While any conventional wax used for this purpose by the trade is suitable for this invention, the wax used in the preferred embodiment, described herein, is a microcrystalline wax called Microsere ™ 5897, available from The International Group, Inc., of Wayne, PA. . This wax has a melting point of about 86.7 ° C, a penetration of 18 to 25 ° C and a penetration of 43 to about 37.8 ° C and a viscosity of 100 SUS at about 98.9 ° C.

After being placed in the hot wax for about 10 minutes, the rope body is removed from the tub and placed on a conventional restraiser, to keep the rope straight while this rope and the wax cool to near room temperature. The cooled rope is now ready to form a sling 22 at one end, in a known manner and to sew a burner 24 of untreated wet leather on the inside of the sling, in a conventional manner, as shown in Figure 11. The other end of the mangana rope is placed through the sling to form a loop 25. The mangana rope 8 and the loop 25 are spirally formed and sprinkle with talcum powder, in a known way, to complete the manufacture of a mangana. In another embodiment of the mangana rope body, the wires 12 in the cords 10 are all similar and are twelve in number, which is a cable nylon called 1260-2 (3.4 Z) - 3 (3.07 S). The designation 1260-2 (3.4 Z) - 3 (3.07 S) means a wire rope made by twisting three strands folded together, twisting in the S direction in an amount of about 3.07 turns or twisted by 2.54 cm (tpi) of thread in cable, in a known manner, each bent yarn has been made by twisting two 1260 denier monofilament yarns, together in the Z direction, in an amount of about 3.4 tpi of folded yarn, in a known manner. The twists of the folded yarn and the wire yarn can vary, such as from about 2 to 6 tpi, preferably by 30 percent above and below the preferred amounts, shown above. In summer, when there is heat in the plant, the twist is reduced, for example, to about 2.5 tpi. In this rope structure, the denier of each wire is about 7560. The doubled yarns can contain more than two twisted or uncurled monofilament yarns, and the wire can contain different numbers of doubled yarns or a combination of the bent thread and the monofilament thread twisted together or in cable. The starting monofilament yarn 1260 is a nylon monofilament yarn, having 204 filaments and about 0.3 tpi, Z twisted, such as the nylon 1260-0.3Z-1R70 of Allied Signal Fibers, but may be other yarns of other dispensers, of a different material, with different numbers of filaments, different deniers, different quantities and / or directions of twisting, and different finishes or treatments (the designation 1R70 refers to the finishing or treatment of the yarn by the dispenser). The core 14 consists of 15 wires in cable, each composed of a thread 1000 - 192 - 6.4Z - 1W74 and two wires of 1000 - 0.00Z - 1W74, in cable together, twisting to 6.5 tpi, where the subsequent twisting can vary by approximately ± 30 percent. In this modality, the total denier of the monofilaments in each of the 15 wires in cable is 3000 denier, making a core of 45,000 denier. Preferably, the core yarns are all polyester, such as those supplied by Allied Signal Fibers, which contain 192 monofilaments per yarn, but other yarns can be used to obtain the core. At least some of the monofilaments used in the core may have a higher density than the fibers that make up the main portion of the cover cords. This modality of the rope body of the rope has a total denier of the cord in the cord of approximately 408,880, about 45,000 comes from the cord in the core and the rest of the cord in the four cords in approximately 90,720 each. The rope body is made in the novel apparatus described above in the same method described above, for the preferred embodiments and can be finished in a handle, in the manner described above. This rope body is used to obtain sleeves that are superior to the three-cord prior art sleeves. To satisfy customer preferences, rope bodies and manganas of different hardness grades are produced. Hardness is the firmness or density of the rope structure. The greater the tightness of the twisted and rolled, the harder the rope and the higher its density. Different degrees of hardness vary from double extra softness, extra softness, normal softness, medium softness, medium, medium hard, medium hard and hard. When obtaining the preferred strings for the head of the animal, described before, the hardness is measured by the diameter of the rope and the crown count per meter along the rope. The diameter of the cord is kept close to the nominal size, such as 7.9 or 9.5 millimeters, but the crown count is varied to give the different degrees of hardness. The crown count was measured by placing the body of the straight rope and placing a pattern along the rope. The number of crowns (the dead center of each cord) along a line defined by an edge of the measuring pattern is counted over one meter. The more crowns per meter, the harder the rope and the tighter and stiffer this rope will be. The most preferred embodiments, described in the previous summary of the invention, have the following crown counts and variations in diameters between different degrees or hardnesses of the hoists and rope bodies: Rope bodies / hoses for the rear legs - The count of the crown varies from approximately 140 / meter (soft) to approximately 156 / meter (hard), while the average diameter varies from approximately 9.8 to 9.9 mm per 10 cuerdas (nominal, around products of 9.5 mm) with an average of around 9 ., 83 mm. Rope bodies / manganas for the head of the animal - The crown count varies from around 137 / netro (extra soft) to around 152 / meter (average) while the average diameter varies from approximately 10 to 10.2 millimeters per 10 cuerdas ( nominal, products of about 9.5 millimeters), with an average of about 10.1 millimeters. Rope bodies / manganas for calves - The crown count is around 155 / meter for a rope diameter of about 10.25 millimeters. The diameter of the ropes varies with the intended use or event, such as an event of tethering, rupture and escape event, and linking of steers, with the diameter varying between approximately 9.5 and 11 millimeters, with the diameter of the rope bound of steers being the largest and the diameter of the rupture rope being the smallest. The mangana rope bodies and the manganas obtained in accordance with this invention, are superior to conventional manganas and rope bodies, in many ways. Competitors of all levels of experience have concluded after testing the ropes in a real application, which include rodeo binding skills, that the manganas of the invention perform better and last longer than conventional manganas. The competitors approve the way in which the manganas feel and work and particularly the longest life of these manganas of the invention. They approve of the way the slack pulls the lasso and especially on the ropes to link the steers. They also approve the stability or consistency of all the manganas in various conditions of temperature and humidity. Having shown the benefit of the above description of the invention and the most preferred embodiments, many suitable variations will now be apparent to those skilled in the art, these obvious modifications are intended to be included in the scope of the following claims.

Claims (19)

1. CLAIMS 1. A mangana, comprising a rope having a structure of twisted cords, with each cord containing a plurality of continuous monofilaments, and a sling, the improvement comprising: that the rope has a critical portion and a non-critical portion, the structure, in at least the critical portion, has a core and three or more twisted cords, wound around the core, this core contains monofilaments having a total denier of at least 30,000. The mangana of claim 1, wherein the core and the strands contain monofilaments in the form of one or more monofilament strands, bent monofilament strands and / or monofilament strands or cable strands, of a material selected from the group consisting of nylon, polyester, DACRON ™, and polypropylene polyethylene, and the like. 3. The mangana of claim 2, in which the majority of the monofilaments in the cords and in the core are of nylon. 4. The handle of claim 2, wherein the cover of the rope structure contains at least four strands and the total denier of the monofilament strands in the core is at least about 45,360 ± 10 percent. 5. The mangana of claim 4, in which the majority of the monofilaments in the cords are polyester or DACRON ™. 6. The hose of claim 4, wherein the rope contains monofilaments having a total denier of about 408,000 to 415,000 ± 1000. 7. The handle of claim 4, in which the nylon is nylon 6, the core contains monofilaments having a total denier of about 45,000 + 500 and the core contains six wires in wire. 8. The handle of claim 7, wherein each cord contains twelve wires in a cord, with the total denier of the monofilaments in each cord being about 90,500 ± 500. 9. The handle of claim 6, in which the nylon is nylon 66, the core contains seven wire strands and a total monofilament denier of approximately 53,000 ± 500. 10. The handle of claim 1, wherein the rope structure contains four twisted cords, containing polyester monofilament yarns or DACRON ™, wrapped around a core, which contains monofilament polyester or DACRON ™ threads, the total denier of the monofilaments in the cord being approximately 384,000 + 1000. 11. A body of mangana rope, comprising a cord having a structure of twisted cords, with each cord containing a plurality of continuous monofilaments and wax, and a sling, the improvement comprising: that the cord has a structure in at least one a critical length portion of a core and three or more twisted cords, wound around the core, this core contains monofilaments that have a total denier of at least about 30,000. 12. The rope of mangana rope of claim 11, wherein the core and the strands contain monofilaments in the form of one or more monofilament threads, bent monofilament threads and / or monofilament threads or bent into cables, of a selected material of the group consisting of nylon, polyester, DACRON ™ and polypropylene polyethylene, and the like. 13. The rope body of claim 12, wherein most of the monofilaments in the core and the cords are made of nylon material. 14. The rope body of claim 12, wherein the majority of the monofilaments in the core and the cords are polyester or DACRON ™. 15. The rope body of claim 12, wherein the total denier of the monofilaments in the core is about 40,000 to 50,000, and the total denier of the monofilaments in each of the beads is in the approximate range of 85,000 to 95,000. 16. A method for obtaining a section of mangana rope, in which the cords of a plurality of twisted monofilament yarns, bent and / or cable, are twisted together, while these cords are under compression, each bead has been made by twisting a bundle of monofilament wires under tension, and submerging the string section in hot melted wax, the improvement which comprises: winding three or more cords around a core, while the cords are under a compression, produced by winding these cords around the core and pulling against a transverse member, this winding causes the transverse member to move against a static resistance of at least 45.5 kilograms, the core is compressed by a plurality of monofilaments. The method of claim 16, wherein the core is fed through a hole in the center of the transverse member in a central region of an array of at least four of the strands. 18. Apparatus for manufacturing ropes, comprising an upper box, which has rotating hooks, and a box in cross, the improvement comprising: that the upper box has four or more hooks, each of which is equidistant from a point, located inside from the ends of the hooks and defined by the intersection of two or more lines stretched between the hooks and the cross box, which has a cross with a hole in it, to feed a core for the rope through it. 19. The string making apparatus, as claimed in claim 18, wherein the cross has four members that are joined at a central portion of the cross, and each member has a portion adjacent to the central portion of the cross, which tapers down in diameter, towards the central portion.