MXPA99003249A - Tissue paper containing cationic amidoamine compounds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to tissue products having improved softness properties and methods of making them. Specifically, improved softness is achieved by incorporating a cationic amidoamine into the fiber furnish at the wet end of the tissue machine prior to formation and/or by topical addition to the tissue web. One or more softeners/debonders can be added to the furnish and/or topically applied to the tissue web after the tissue web is dried. The result is a tissue product with added bulk and a smooth surface feel, both properties contributing to improved softness characteristics.

Description

TISU CONTAINING IONIC AMIDOAMINE COMPOUNDS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The improvement of the softness of the tissues is a continued objective in the manufacture of the tissue. In general, the above efforts have aimed at reducing the bond between fiber within the tissue structure or at coating the tissue surface with chemicals which improve the surface sensation. The softness, however, is a perceived property of the tissues that comprises many factors including the softness of the dough and the smoothness of the surface. To date, efforts have tended to focus on one or the other. Therefore, there is a need for a method that improves both the softness of the dough and the smoothness of the surface.

Synthesis of the Invention It has now been discovered that the softness of the tissues can be improved by the addition of a cationic amidoamine compound (hereinafter defined) either to the supply to make the tissue at the wet end of the tissue machine and / or to the tissue formed by topical addition. Optionally, one or more softeners / debonders (hereinafter defined) may also be added to the supply and / or may be added to the surface of the tissue, wet or dry.

Therefore in one aspect, the invention resides in a method for making soft tissue comprising: (a) forming an aqueous suspension of fibers for making paper containing a cationic amidoamine, with or without one or more softeners / debonders; (b) forming a tissue of tissue by depositing the aqueous suspension of the fibers to make paper on a forming fabric and (c) draining and drying the tissue.

In another aspect, the invention resides in a method for making a soft tissue comprising: (a) forming an aqueous suspension of papermaking fibers; (b) forming a tissue of tissue by depositing the aqueous suspension of fibers to make paper on a forming fabric; (c) draining and drying the tissue; and (d) topically applying a cationic amidoamine to the tissue.

In another aspect, the invention resides in a method for making soft tissue comprising: (a) forming an aqueous suspension of papermaking fibers and a cationic amidoamine; (b) forming a tissue of tissue by depositing the aqueous suspension of fibers to make paper on a forming fabric; (c) draining and drying the tissue; and (d) topically applying a cationic amidoamine to the tissue.

In all of the above aspects, the amount of the cationic amidoamine in the aqueous suspension or that is added to the fabric can be from about 0.01 to about 10 percent by weight, based on the fiber, more especially from about 0.1 to about 3 percent by weight. In addition, one or more softeners / debonders may optionally be added, either by inclusion in the aqueous suspension of papermaking fibers or by topical addition to the fabric. The softener / debonder applied to the fabric may be the same softener / debonder applied to the supply, or this may be different if a softener / debonder is introduced in both places.

In a further aspect, the invention resides in a soft tissue containing from about 0.01 to about 10 percent by weight, based on the dry fiber, more specifically from about 0.1 to about 3 percent by weight, of a cationic amidoamine. Optionally, the tissue may also contain from about 0.1 to about 10 percent by weight based on the dry fiber of one or more softeners / debonders as described below.

As used herein, a cationic amidoamine compound is a cationic amidoamine which contains a fatty acid part or group having one of the following structures. wherein Rj = hydrogen or C? -C4 alkyl; R2 R3 can be the same or different, they are Cx-C6 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl; or O R2 = - (CH2) m-NH-C-R4 where m = 2-6; and R = aliphatic, Ci2-C24 saturated or unsaturated, normal or branched; n = 2-6; and X = halide, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate, or other compatible counter ion; wherein R = C ^ -C ^ aliphatic, saturated or unsaturated, ranal or branched; n = 2-6; and X-halide, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate, or other compatible counter ion; Specific cationic amidoamines include isosteamido propyl morpholine lactate and isostearamido propyl dimethylamine lactate.

As used herein, "the softener / debonder is a chemical compound selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium compounds of bis-imidazolinium compounds, di-ammonium quaternary compounds, polyammonium compounds, quaternized protein compounds, phospholipids, silicone quaternaries, quaternized silicone betaines, phosphocopolyol dimethicone copolymer / quaternized hydrolysed wheat protein, organoreactive polysiloxanes, and silicone glycols.

Suitable quaternary ammonium compounds have the following structures; CH3 I CH, -N-R x- I R wherein X = chlorine, methyl sulfate, or other compatible contraid; and R ', R = may be the same or different, are aliphatic, saturated or unsaturated, normal or branched Cg-C ^; wherein X = chlorine, methyl sulfate or other compatible counter ion; R ', R = may be the same or different, are CJ-CJ, aliphatic, saturated or unsaturated; and Rt = benzyl or epoxy group; wherein X = chlorine, methyl sulfate, or other compatible counter ion; and R, R 'may be the same or different, they are C, - C ^ aliphatic, saturated or unsaturated, normal or branched; wherein X = chlorine, methyl sulfate or other compatible counter ion; Rj = Cg-C ^, aliphatic, saturated or unsaturated, branched or normal; Y OR II R2 = - (CH2) m-O-C-R3 m = 1-6 R3 - Cg ~ CM aliphatic, saturated or unsaturated, branched or normal; CH, R'n-N-R'n wherein R ~ c8 ~ Ca * aliphatic, normal or branched, saturated or unsaturated; X = chloride, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate, or other compatible counter ion; R '= 2-hydroxyethyl or polyethoxyethanol; and n = 1 to 50; wherein R, Rj R3 are Ct-C6 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, they may be the same or different.

OR n = 2 - 6; m = 0-6; p = 1-6; Rj, Rg are Cg-C24 aliphatic, normal or branched, saturated or unsaturated, (same or different); and X = chloride, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate or other compatible counter ion; wherein X = chloride, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate or other compatible counter ion; Ri, Rj can be the same or different, they are Cx-C6 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl; R3, R < they may be the same or different selected from the structure: - (CH2) «- C-0-R5 where m = 1-6; and Rj = aliphatic, C, -C24, saturated or unsaturated; R I CH3-N-R 'I R " wherein R, R ', RM = may be the same or different, are aliphatic, normal or branched alkyl, saturated or unsaturated Cg-C ^; and X = chloride, methyl sulfate, or other compatible counterions; CH3 I CH3-N-R I CH3 wherein R = aliphatic, saturated or unsaturated, Cg-C24; or alilo-; or R'-0- (CH2) B- wherein R '= normal or branched, saturated or unsaturated, C4-C18; = 1 - 4; and X = chloride, sulfate or any other compatible counter ion.

Suitable quaternized protein compounds include the following structures: O CH3 OH R1-C II-NH-. { CH2) m-NI-CH2-CIH-CH2-R2 I CH3 wherein Ri = radical of saturated, unsaturated, branched or unbranched fatty acid C 12 -C 4; R2 = hydrolyzed soy protein, hydrolyzed silk protein, collagen, keratin group or hydrolyzed wheat protein; m = 1-6; and X = chloride, lactate or other compatible counter ion; CH3 I RrN-CH2-CH-CH2-R2 I l CH3 OH where Rt = saturated or unsaturated fatty acid radical C «~ C24; Rj = group of keratin or hydrolyzed collagen; and X = chloride, lactate or other compatible counter ion.

Suitable phospholipids include, but are not limited to those having the following structures: R? O I II R-N-CH2-CH-CH2-O-P- (B), + xA + aM I I R2 OH where x = 1 to 3; x + y = 3; a = or a 2; B '«O or OM; A = an anion; M = a cation; and R, Ri & R1 may be the same or different, are alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkyl aryl or alkenyl groups of up to 16 carbon atoms and the total carbon atoms of R + ^ + Rj = 10 to 24; xA + aM where x = 1 to 3; x + y = 3; a = 0 to 2; B «0 to OM; A = an anion; M = a cation; , Re can be the same or different, are alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, carboxyalkyl of up to C6 or polyoxyalkylene of up to C10 or R5, Re and the nitrogen to which they are attached can represent N-heterocycle; and R, ~ an amidoamine group of the formula; OR R3 I I wherein n = 2 to 6 R3 = hydrogen or alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or alkenyl of up to 6 carbons or cycloalkyl of up to 6 carbon atoms or polyoxyalkylene of up to 10 carbon atoms; Y R4 - alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy or hydroxyalkyl, 5-c2i / ° aryl or alkaryl up to C ^ ,; R, O R, R-N I-CH2-CH-CH2-O-PI! -O-CH2-CH-CH2-NI-R. 2A I OH OM OH R2 where A = an anion; M = a cation; R, Ri & 2 may be the same or different, are alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkylaryl or alkenyl groups of up to 16 carbon atoms, and the total carbon atoms of R + Rt + R 2 = 10 to 24; and R 'is a group of amidoamine of the structure: 1 I R, -C-N- (CH2), - where n = 2 to 6; R3 = hydrogen or alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or alkenyl of up to 6 carbon atoms; or cycloalkyl of up to 6 carbon atoms, or polyoxyalkylene of up to 10 carbon atoms; and g has the following structure; where q = 1 to 25; Suitable silicone quaternaries include the following structure: CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 ++ i i i Y R-N-Z- (Si-O) n-Si-Z-N-R 2X- CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 wherein R = Cl 2 -C 2 alkyl group; Z = -CH2-CH2-CH2-0- (CH2) 3-; X = alkoxy, chloride or other compatible counterion; and n = 1 to 50; I OCH2CHOHCH2 I where. R x = 0-1000; y, z = 1 - 1000; R ,, Rj can be the same or different, they are alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, - CJO or phenyl; a-1-4; b, c, d = o - 20; Y = halide, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate or other compatible contraid; and R can be selected from the following four numbered groups; (1) R3-N + -R5 wherein R3, j, R5 may be the same or different, are selected from a group of alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, C, -C4, or an aliphatic group, C, -C, normal or branched, saturated or unsaturated; wherein Rs, Rj, Rg may be the same or different, are selected from the aliphatic group, C8-C ^, normal or branched, saturated or unsaturated; and n = 1-6; wherein Rβ, Kj may be the same or different, are alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, C! - C6; R = aliphatic, Cg-C ^, normal or branched, saturated or unsaturated; and wherein R ^ - hydroxyalkyl or alkyl, C, -C6; n = 1-6; R, = - (CH2) B- N - C - R, I II H O = 1-6; and Rj, Rg = aliphatic, Cg-C ^ normal or branched, saturated or unsaturated; or wherein Rg = hydroxyalkyl or alkyl, Cl-C6; 7 ß - (CH2) m-C-0-R ,, "0 m '= 1-6; and Rg, can be different, aliphatic, C $ - C ^, saturated or unsaturated; N I R "where R? 0, Ru can be the same or different, Cg - C ^ aliphatic, normal or branched, saturated or unsaturated, or Ra = - (CH2) 0-O-C-Rj2 where o = 1-6; and R12 = aliphatic, Cg-C ^ normal or branched, saturated or unsaturated; (4) R 2 -N + -R 1; 4 3 wherein R 2, Ru = C t -C 6, alkyl or hydroxyalkyl; RM = - (CH2) p-C-0-R? 5 II or p = 1-6; and R15 = aliphatic, Cg-Cu, normal or branched, saturated or unsaturated; or R12 = Ct-C6, alkyl or hydroxyalkyl; R13, R14 can be the same or different, they are - (CH2) p-C-0-R? 5 II O p = 1-6; and Ru = aliphatic, Cg -C24, normal or branched, saturated or unsaturated; or? ' Ri3 can be the same or different, they are Ci-C6 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl O II - (CH2) r- O- C- R1ß / Rl4 = (CH2) q _ \ (CH2) i-O-C-R17 II q-1-6; Or r, s = 0-6; and Rw, R may be the same or different, they are Cg - u normal or branched, saturated or unsaturated. Suitable organoreactive polysiloxanes include the following structures; CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 i 'I I (p £ H3-SiO- (Si-O) x- (Si-O) y-Si-CH31, 14.2' I I I CH3 CH3 CHCH3 CH3 I and CH2 I R CH3 CH3 CH3 I I R- (CH2) n-Si-O- (Si-O) x -Si- (CH2) n- R I i I CH3 CH3 CH3 R- (CH 2) n-Si-O- (Si-O) x-Si-CH 3 I I I CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 wherein R = amine, carboxy, hydroxy, or epoxy; n = 3 or greater; x = 1 to 1000; and y = 1 to 25.

., Suitable silicone betaines include the following structure: where The silicone glycols include the following structure: CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 1 1 I I? ? CH3-Si-O- (Si-O) x- (Si-O) y-Si-CH3 I 1 I 1 i 'CH3 CH3 R CH3 1 O (CH2-CH2-O) m 1 (CH2-CH2-O ) nR, 1 1 CH3 wherein R = alkyl group, Ct-C6; Rt = hydroxy acetate group; x = 1 to 1000; y = 1 to 50; = 1 to 30; and n = 1 to 30.

Suitable bis-i-idazolinium compounds include the following structures: wherein X = halide, ethyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate or other compatible counterions; = 2 - 8; Ri, Rj can be the same or different, are aliphatic, Cu-C14, normal or branched, saturated or unsaturated.

Suitable diquaternary ammonium compounds include the following structures: R, * ++ R2-N- (CH2) n-N-R5 2X- I I R3 Re wherein X = halide, ethyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate or other compatible counter ion; n = 2-8; Riz R can be the same or different, are H, CH3, or (CH2) i, 0H; = 1-4; 2, R3, R5, Rg can be the same or different, are from the following groups: 15 (CH2) p OH, where p = 1-6; OR II (C2H40), -C-R, where q = 1 - 10, R = aliphatic, Cp-C sat saturated or unsaturated, normal or branched; H 0 I H (CH 2) r-N-C-R ', where r = 1-10, R' = aliphatic, C12 ~ CJI, saturated or unsaturated, normal or branched; OH I CH2), - CH- (CH2) t-0R ", where = 1-10, t = 1-4, Rw = aliphatic, C? 2-C ^, saturated or unsaturated, normal or branched.

Suitable polyammonium compounds include the following structures: where n = 2 - 6; = 1; X = halide, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate or other compatible counter ion; Ri, R », R3, Rg, can be the same or different, they are H, CH3, or (C2) r OH where p = 2-6, or aliphatic, C, 2 - C ^, normal or branched, saturated or unsaturated; R2, R5 can be the same or different, aliphatic, Cn-C ^, normal or branched, saturated or unsaturated, or (CHj), - CHOH-R 'where R' = C, 2-C ^, normal or branched , saturated or unsaturated, and q = 1-6; or (CH2) r -O-R "wherein r = 1-6, R" = C? 2-C ^, normal or branched, saturated or unsaturated.

When a combination of cationic amidoamine and softener / debonder is desired, the combination can be added to the thick supply, simultaneously or separately. The combination may contain one or more compounds of the above-mentioned groups and be added to the solution, either in a premixed or individually dosed form.

The amount of cationic amidoamine added to the tissue supply or tissue formed can be from about 0.01 to about 10 percent (by weight of the fiber). In addition, preferably, the amount can be from about 0.1 to about 3 percent by weight.

The softener / debonder used for the topical treatment may be delivered in an aqueous solution or dissolved in a suitable solvent such as propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, hexylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol, methanol, ethanol, or other organic solvents. These can be applied to the base sheet surface individually in combinations with others. It is preferred that the composition for a topical treatment, comprise from about 1 to about 100 percent by weight of the softener / debonder (individually or in combination with other amidoamines or softener / debonders) more preferably from about 35 to about 80 percent by weight. It is also preferred that the softener / debonder be added topically to the tissue sheet at an aggregate ratio of from about 0.01 to about 10 percent by weight of the fiber, and more preferably from about 0.1 to about 2 percent by weight. fiber weight.

Suitable methods for topical treatment include, but are not limited to, spraying, rotogravure printing, backsheet coatings, flexographic printing, and the like.

EXAMPLES Example 1 A base sheet dried through air, not creped, mixed from a stratum was made. The supply contained 50 percent by weight of kraft pulp in bleached eucalyptus hardwood and 50 percent by weight of softwood kraft pulp from the bleached north. The thick supply was diluted to approximately 0.01 percent consistency before forming, drained and dried from the tissue tissue. The fan pump was set to around 21 psi, while the wet pull was set to around minus -25%. The total base weight of the blade was 16 pounds per 2880 square feet with a stretch in the direction of the target machine of 20 percent.

The morpholine lactate isostearamide propyl (Macklene 426 from Mclntyre Group LTD.) Was added to the thick feed at 2 and 4 kilograms of disunker per metric ton of fiber and 0.2 and 0.4 percent by weight, respectively). The tissue product was softer than the untreated control with improved surface smoothness.

Example 2 Isostearamidopropyl dimethylamine lactate (Macklene 416 Mclntyre Group, LTD) was added to the thick supply (same supply as in Example 1) at the same levels as in Example 1. The resulting tissue product was softer than the untreated control with improved surface smoothness.

Example 3 An aqueous mixture containing 8 percent by weight of Macklene 426 (Mclntyre Group LTD.) And 10 percent by weight of C-6027 (quaternary ammonium compound based on imidazolino from Witco Corporation) was added to the thick supply (same supply as in example 1), at the same levels as in example 1. The resulting tissue product was much milder than the untreated control with improved surface smoothness.

Example 4 An aqueous mixture containing 20 percent by weight of Macklene 416 (Mclntyre Group, LTD.) And 6.25 percent by weight of C-6027 (imidazolino-based quaternary ammonium compound, from Witco Corporation) was added to the thick supply (same supplied as in Example 1) same as in Example 1. The resulting tissue paper was softer than the untreated control with improved surface smoothness.

Example 5 A 2-layer wet creped crepe was made using a layered head box. The first supply layer (the layer which finally makes contact with the Yankee dryer surface) contained hardwood fiber of eucalyptus and provided about 60 dry percent of the tissue sheet. The remaining 40 percent of the tissue sheet was provided through a second supply layer consisting of Kraft softwood pulp from the north. The total basis weight of the sheet was about 7.3 pounds per 2880 square feet of tissue dried in air. The two strength agents were added to the fiber supply layers before the headbox. Parez 631 NC (one glyoxalated polyacrylate from Cytec Industries Inc. was dosed in the thick supply of softwood at 0.08 to 0.1 percent of total fiber weight) Another resistance agent Kymene 557 LX (commercially available from Hercules, Inc.) it was dosed inside both in thick supply of hardwood, soft wood at 0.05 and 0.1 percent of the total fiber weight, respectively.

After drying and creping, the tissue sheet was handled together with a similar sheet to form a curled tissue and two strata with the eucalyptus fibers facing outwards. The Mackalene 426 (from Mclntyre Group, LTD., 25% active) was printed with rotogravure on both strata of the hardwood layer in an aggregate amount of approximately 1 percent per stratum based on the weight of the fiber. The resulting tissue product had an improved surface smoothness.

It will be appreciated that the foregoing examples, given for the purposes of illustration, should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the following claims and all equivalents thereof.

Claims (18)

1. A soft tissue comprising from about 0.01 to about 10 percent by weight of a cationic amidoamine.

2, The tissue as claimed in clause 1, characterized in that the cationic amidoamine has the following structure: wherein Rj = hydrogen or C-C4 alkyl; Rj = alkyl, Ct-C6 hydroxyalkyl; Figure imgf000014_0001 - (CH3) NH-CR * R3 = C6-C6 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, m = 2-6, CIJ-C2, aliphatic, normal or branched, saturated or unsaturated, n = 2-6; and X = halide, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate or other compatible counter ion.

3. The tissue as claimed in clause 1, characterized in that the cationic amidoamine has the following structure: wherein R = aliphatic C - u, saturated or unsaturated; n = 2-6; and X = halide, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate, or other compatible counter ion.

4. The tissue as claimed in clause 1, characterized in that the cationic amidoamine is isostearamidopropyl morpholine lactate.

5. The tissue as claimed in clause 1, characterized in that the cationic amidoamine is isostearamidopropyl dimethylamine lactate.

6. The tissue as claimed in clause 1, characterized in that the amount of cationic amidoamine is from about 0.1 about 3 percent by weight based on the dry fiber.

7. The tissue as claimed in clause 1, further comprising from about 0.1 to about 10 percent by weight, based on the dry fiber of a softener / debonder.

8. A method for making a soft tissue comprising: (a) forming an aqueous suspension of papermaking fibers and from about 0.01 to about 10 percent by weight based on the fiber, of a cationic amidoamine compound; (b) forming a tissue of tissue by depositing a suspension of fibers to make paper on a forming fabric; and (c) draining and drying the tissue tissue.

9. The method as claimed in clause 8, characterized in that the cationic amidoamine compound has the following structure: wherein R, '= hydrogen or C, -C 4 alkyl; R2 = alkyl, hydroxyalkyl C ^ Cg, * or O - (CH ^ - NH-C- ^ R3 = alkyl or hydroxyalkyl C, -C6; m - 2 - 6; Rr = CIJ-C ^ aliphatic, normal or branched, saturated or unsaturated, n = 2-6; X = halide, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate, or other compatible counter ion.

10. The method as claimed in clause 8, characterized in that the cationic amidoamine has the following structure: + (CH 2) 2 R-C-NH- (CH 2) B-NH > X (CH2) 2 wherein R = C 12 -C 24 aliphatic, saturated or unsaturated; n = 2-6; and X = halide, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate or other compatible counter ion;

11. The method as claimed in clauses 8, 9 or 10, which comprises applying topically to the tissue of tissue from about 0.01 to about 10 percent by weight based on the fiber, and a cationic amidoamine compound.

12. The method as claimed in clauses 8, 9 or 10, characterized in that it is included from about 0.01 to about 10 percent by weight, based on the fiber of a softener / debonder in the aqueous suspension of the fiber for make paper

13. The method as claimed in clauses 8, 9 or 10, characterized in that they are applied topically from about 0.01 to about 10 percent by weight based on the fiber of a softener / debonder to tissue tissue.

14. A method for making a soft tissue comprising: (a) forming an aqueous suspension of papermaking fibers; (b) forming a tissue of tissue by depositing the aqueous suspension of fibers to make paper on a forming fabric; (c) draining and drying the tissue tissue; and (d) topically applying to the tissue of tissue from about 0.01 to about 10 percent by weight, based on the fiber of a cationic amidoamine compound.

15. The method as claimed in clause 14, characterized in that the cationic amidoamine has the following structure: wherein Ri = hydrogen or Cj-C4 alkyl; Rj = alkyl, C6-C6 hydroxyalkyl; or O - (CH 2) M-NH-C-R 4 R 3 = C 1 -C 6 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl; m-2 - 6; R4 = CIJ-C ^, aliphatic, normal or branched, saturated or unsaturated; n = 2-6; and X = halide, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate or other compatible counter ion.

16. The method as claimed in clause 14, characterized in that the cationic amidoamine has the following structure: wherein R = C12-Cu aliphatic, saturated or unsaturated; n = 2-6; and X = halide, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate or other compatible counter ion.

17. The method as claimed in clauses 14, 15 or 16 further comprising applying topically from about 0.01 to about 10 percent based on the fiber, from a softener / debonder to tissue tissue.

18. The method as claimed in clauses 14, 15 or 16, characterized in that it further comprises including from about 0.01 to about 10 percent by weight based on the fiber of a softener / debonder in the aqueous suspension of fibers for make paper E S U M E N The invention relates to tissue products having improved softness properties and methods for making them. Specifically, improved smoothness is achieved by incorporating a cationic amidoamine into the fiber supply at the wet end of the tissue making machine prior to forming and / or by topical addition to the tissue tissue. One or more softeners / debonders may be added to the supply and / or applied topically to the tissue tissue after the tissue tissue is dried. The result is a tissue product with an added mass and a smooth surface feel, both properties contributing to the improved softness characteristics.