MXPA99001699A - Loop fastening material - Google Patents

Abstract

There is provided a loop fastening material for engaging a suitable male mechanical fastening element for a backing substrate of an oriented sheet material having a first face and a second face and substantially continuously attached to at least the first face a plurality of discrete, multi-filament transversely expanded yarns, such yarn filaments providing open loop structures. The yarns are expanded by transverse orientation of the backing to which it has been previously attached by extrusion bonding, adhesive bonding or the like. The resulting loop fastener provides a low cost, readily manufactured loop having food fastening properties to hook materials.

Description

"CLAMP TYPE CLAMPING MATERIAL" DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a low cost pre-saddle type fastening material for hook-and-loop type mechanical fasteners and to a method for the production of fastener-type fastening material. This fastener-type fastening material is especially useful for closures-mechanics that can be resupplied on disposable items such as diapers, garments, feminine hygiene items, and incontinent towels. The hook-loop type mechanical fasteners are well known. Typically, the fastener portion of the mechanical fastener comprises a fabric-type reinforcement having a multiplicity of straight fasteners-projecting from its surface. These straight clips engage with the hooks on the hook portion of the mechanical fastener. Said clip-type materials are conventionally made by screening or weaving the thread or fibrous clips into a predetermined weft base fabric or by sewing the clips into a cloth or film reinforcement. Although these conventional loop-type materials work well with many hook-type fastener materials, they are generally relatively expensive due to the high manufacturing costs of the weaving, screening or stitching processes used to produce the loop-type materials, since these methods are very slow The high cost and slow production rates for the formation of loop-like materials are not particularly desirable when the clips are intended to be used only for a limited time, such as in an industrial setting.

REF. 29458 disposable item, for example, for the purpose of adhering a disposable diaper to a child in a resujetable form or in a closure of disposable containers. While various types of low-cost fastener-type fastening materials have been proposed in patent literature, active research and development work continues with respect to the provision of low-cost fastener-type clamping materials suitable for disposable articles. . U.S. Patent No. 5,032,122 discloses a fastener-type fastening material having a "steerable" material reinforcement and a multiplicity of fastener-like fibrous elements extending from a reinforcement. Loop-type elements are formed by positioning continuous filaments on a reinforcement of an "orientable" material and intermittently securing the filaments to the reinforcement in fixed spaced regions, when the orientable material is in a dimensionally unstable state (i.e. , when it is oriented). The filaments are preferably positioned on the reinforcement parallel to each other and essentially parallel to the response path of the orientable material. When the orientable material is transformed to its dimensionally stable state (eg, by heat for a heat shrinkage material or by releasing tension for an elastic material), so that it shrivels or contracts along its response path, the loop-like elements are subsequently formed by gathering the filaments between the fixed regions. U.S. Patent No. 5,256,231 and European Patent No. 341,993 B disclose a fastening-type fastening material that includes a thermoplastic reinforcing layer and a fiber sheet having fastening portions bonded to the thermoplastic reinforcing layer in spaced-link locations and arcuate portions projecting from the front surface of the reinforcement between the adjacent spaced-link locations. The sheet of clip-like material is made by passing a sheet of fibers between two corrugating rolls for the purpose of forming the fixing portions and the arched portions and subsequently extrusion molding the thermoplastic material on the fixing portions. . Alternatively, a reinforcement (-reformed material-thermoplastic can be bonded to the fixing portions of the fiber sheet through thermal, sonic or adhesive bond.) The fiber sheet can be a randomly woven or pre-weave fabric Alternatively, the fibers may be provided in the form of yarns which have generally been distributed uniformly in order to provide a sheet of fibers by passing them through a comb prior to feeding the fibers into the corrugated cylinders. US Pat. No. 5,326,512 discloses a fastener-type fastening component comprising a randomly woven fabric intermittently bonded to a film reinforcement.The randomly woven fabric material has a surface facing it. externally which is relatively horizontal, flat or flat compared to conventional clamp-type clamping materials.The individual fibers of the tissue Randomly weave them to interlock or hook the hooks of the hook-type component of the hook-pre-chair fastener. The randomly woven fabric has a relatively low basis weight comprised between about 6 and 42 grams / meter. Patterned woven fabric may comprise, among other types of randomly woven fabrics, a carded fabric or a spun-bonded fabric. The total area occupied by any link between only the fibers of the randomly woven fabric is preferably less than about six percent of the total area of the fabric. The randomly woven fabric is subsequently bonded preferably to the reinforcement autogenously. Link types may include, but are not limited to, ultrasonic bonding and heat / pressure bonding. Typically, the reinforcement is a film, but it may also be a fabric - randomly woven or pre-plotted fabric. The total area occupied both by the links between the fibers comprising the randomly woven fabric and by the autogenous bonds between the randomly woven fabric and the reinforcement is - comprised between about ten and about thirty-five percent of the total area of the clamp-type clamping material. The tissue - randomly scaled is not puckered between the autogenous bonds. U.S. Patent No. 5,447,590 proposes a method for producing a fastener type fastening material by the use of continuous threads, each thread having a plurality of clips projecting upwardly and aft. The threads are formed later on a pencil? of parallel threads with a fixed spatial relationship by bonding with each other or by a paper reinforcement. The loop type fabric bonded with adhesive is subsequently rolled into a roll. The threads are treated so as to cause the loops to be curved upwards by passing the threads through a comb mounted so that the side of the exit of the comb forms an obtuse angle with the thread coming out of the comb. The loops are formed in the threads by overfeeding an effect fiber while forming a core and effect fiber. U.S. Patent No. 5,470,417 discloses a fastening-type fastening material comprising at least two, preferably three, zones or layers. The first zone, referred to as the entanglement zone, accepts and holds the hooks of the coupling hook component. The entanglement area may be a pre-weave fabric or randomly woven fabric or any material that provides an open space for the hooks to penetrate and hold the hooks until the fastener is opened. The second zone, referred to as the spacing zone, provides space for it to be occupied by the hooks after they penetrate the entanglement zone. The spacing zone may again comprise randomly woven fabrics or any other type of material that is capable of providing space for it to be occupied by the hooks. The third zone is a fence that is adjacent to the spacing zone and provides a base for spacing and entanglement zones. The reinforcement could be a film and preferably the hooks of the hook-type coupling component will not penetrate the reinforcement. The individual areas or layers of the fastener type fastening material can be linked together by a number of methods including sewing, ultrasonic link, bond with adhesive and links by heat / pressure. The clamp-type clamping material has an outer facing facing that is relatively flat compared to conventional clamping-type clamping materials. Although various types of alternative low cost clip fasteners have been proposed in the patent literature,; There is still a need for low-cost clip-type fastening materials for disposable items. Following is a brief description of the drawings. Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a method of embodiment of the fabric of the invention as shown in Figs. 4 and 6; Fig. 2 is a second embodiment of a method for realizing the fabric of the invention as shown in Figs. 4 and 6; Fig. 3 is a top icrographic view of a wire 12 adhered to a film 2 prior to transverse elongation; Fig. 4 is a top view of the yarn of Fig. 3 after the transverse elongation at 3.5: 1; Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the yarn of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the thread of Fig. 4. The present invention provides a female fastening material or clip type for use as a fastening component in a hook-loop type fastening device. . The clip-type fastening material of the invention is designed to engage male mechanical fastening agents or hooks of a male mechanical fastener. These male mechanical fasteners comprise a base material having male mechanical hooks or elements which comprise straight rods with individual hook-like fiber fasteners projecting from an upper portion of the rods. These fiber fasteners are capable of hooking individual or multiple fibers of the fastener-type fastening material. The precursor of the fastener-type fastening material of the invention comprises a reinforcing material of a steerable substrate on which a plurality of multifilament yarns is secured. The individual threads are arranged substantially parallel to each other so that the threads are intimately linked to the orientable sheet material along substantially the total length of the threads. The individual fibers or filaments of the multifilament yarns form the loop-like structures of the clip-type fastening materials. The precursor and yarn lamination reinforcing material is subsequently oriented, at least, transverse to the direction of the length of the yarns. The reinforcement material after orientation will generally be thinner (usually by about 10% or more) in the regions between the adhered yarns due to the preferential orientation in these regions. The threads after the transverse orientation will have expanded and become higher. Also, the yarns after orientation are intermittently adhered to the reinforcement by individual filaments on a surface of the yarn. At least a portion of the filaments or segments of the filaments on the surface of the yarn -added to the reinforcement are not substantially adhered to or are separated from the reinforcing substrate due in part to the orientation or tensile capacity of the substrate. of reinforcement. Likewise, yarns after orientation are characterized by a ratio of average width, between the points of attachment of filaments most distant to the underlying reinforcement material, with respect to the average height of at least 1.2 a 1, preferably at least 2.0 to 1 (the width and height are determined by a central core of fibers, eg, approximately 90% of the fibers). The present invention also relates to a method for producing a novel fastener type fastening material comprising the steps of: a) provision of a plurality of individual multifilament yarns characterized by having at least 20 filaments, - the filaments being separable transversally low one - moderate force. For example, if the yarn is a twisted yarn, the twists are relatively loose; b) provision of a steerable reinforcement material; c) securing a plurality of multifilament yarns to the reinforcement material such that each of the individual yarns is substantially continuously secured to the reinforcing material, eg, disposed in a substantially parallel relationship to the reinforcement material. Adjacent multi-strand yarn or yarns; and d) transverse orientation (to the length of the yarns) of the reinforcing material which is orientable with the multifilament yarns adhered thereto., - at least 2.0 to 1 by means of the provision of a clamping-type fastening material capable of engaging a male mechanical fastening element. The present invention also relates to a fastening hook-loop fastening system adhered to an article which comprises the fastener-type fastening material of the invention formed in a fastener type clip on a closing surface on the article in combination with a male mechanical fastener or hook on a second closure surface on the article. The closing surfaces are generally non-rotatably relative to each other so that the clip-type and / or hook-type fasteners have a predetermined orientation. Likewise, the hooks have hooking elements of salted fibers. A substantial portion of said sanding fiber engaging elements is oriented on the second closure surface so that at least a portion of the projection of the fiber engaging elements is located in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of transverse orientation of a clip-type fastener formed by the clamping-type clamping material. With reference to Fig. 1, a first embodiment is shown for producing the fastener-type fastening material of the present invention. Initially a series d = threads 12 provided on -coils or container- is provided. 11 which are usually located on a creel, b.-azo or similar device (not shown). The individual threads - may be conventional twisted threads or core and effect threads, as disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,447,590 and - - 5,379,501 or any similar type of yarn capable of being expanded or stretched. in the transverse direction at least 1.2 to 1, preferably as -minimum 2.0 to 1. Conventional twisted yarns possessing a relatively low amount of twists per yarn unit length are preferred. With continuous filament yarns, the amount of twists can be as low as feasible and still produce a manageable yarn. -Generally, this is as low as 5 twists per meter but the amount of twists can range between 5 and 5,000 twists per meter, preferably between 10 and 1000 twists per meter. With yarns formed from fibers having discrete lengths, the amount of twists must be pioneering enough to ensure that the fibers do not detach from the yarn. Generally, this lower limit is approximately between 3 and 4 twists per average fiber length, preferably as minimum 5 twists per average fiber length. However, the upper limit of torques per unit length is not specific, if the yarns are twisted very tightly they will not be separable in transverse form under a moderate force and will not function as a fastener type fastening material. The yarns can typically comprise between 20 and 1,000 fi lament-β, μ-e ----_ reptap-_pbe between 50 and 500 f-seconds. C-afe füana-ito ga-eral? N - pte tempt a da-rier de O? D p? Pii-D 2, pce ---- 9-a? B - D --- pB a (- -temer oa-p-er-di-cb eptz 2 and 5. The füa-eptr-s jp-tiv-ki-a that form the thread can be formed from any conventional filament forming material such as nylon, polyester, polyolefin, polyamine, rayon, wool, cotton or any other natural or reconstituted cellulose fiber Generally, the filaments have a length of at least 2 C. Ti, preferably at least 5 cm Preferably the filaments are formed from a thermoplastic material such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester, polyamides or the like The individual wires 12 can be fed from a row of individual packages 11 in a comb 13, or similar device. , which uniformly separates and distributes the yarns before they are fed to a series of picking or feeding rollers 14 and 15 (optional)An additional comb can be provided down the rollers 14 and 15 to ensure that the yarns remain properly spaced prior to being joined to the steerable reinforcement substrate 2. The steerable reinforcement substrate 2 can be provided from a supply roll 3 which can then be coated with a suitable heat-melt or pressure-sensitive adhesive by means of a nozzle 8, or the like, prior to being bonded to the multifilament yarns - substantially parallel and spaced 12. Alternatively, the reinforcement substrate may have a coating or layer of adhesive previously provided and supplied as such in roll form as is known in the art. The orientable reinforcement coated in the form of an adhesive can then be fed by the use of rollers 4 and 5 (which are coated with detachable coatings such as with a Teflon coating if the adhesive layer or coating is viscous). The roller 5 can be heated if the adhesive is a hot melt adhesive and an additional gripping roller (not shown) could be provided for the purpose of forming a press-fit point between it and the roller 5. This additional clamping roll could also be heated or cooled - as required. The lamination of multifilament yarns and the film reinforcement 21 are then fed to a transverse orientation device 23, which can be any conventional device for the orientation films in transverse form, such as a rambla device, rotating discs. divergent or similar. The resulting clip-like fastening material 25 comprises a transversely oriented film 33 with multifilament yarns oriented in the same way transversally.; said fastening material 25 can be collected on a pick-up roller 24 or cut into pieces of the individual clip fastener of a size suitable for particular end uses. The steerable reinforcement substrate 2 can be formed from any material of fabric that can be transversely oriented, permanently deformed and secured by adhesive to the filament yarns 12. Suitable reinforcements include randomly patterned material - substantially consolidated, a single or multilayer film of orientable plastic, a randomly patterned material coated by extrusion, suitable prefixed screen tapes and the like. The reinforcement could be in the form of a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape or a film with a heat-meltable heat-melt adhesive layer or thermoplastic material. co. Preferably, the reinforcement substrate 2 will comprise a single or multilayer thermoplastic film formed by materials such as polyester, polyesters or the like. Also the reinforcement substrate after orientation is generally as thin as possible - to provide a relatively inexpensive and flexible substrate, generally having an average thickness of about 10ij to 100tj, preferably 20? < to 50. If the average thickness of the reinforcement substrate is much less than 10u with the most suitable materials, the substrate will not have sufficient integrity to allow it to be removed from the supply roll 3 or to withstand the required processing without the occasional break. , ripping or similar. If the thickness of the reinforcing substrate is much greater than 150u, the substrate is generally too rigid and unsuitable for most uses of low-end fastener-type fasteners where the invention finds primary applicability, such as disposable garments. (eg, diapers). Fig. 2 illustrates a second method of producing the fastener-type fastening material of the invention. The elements that are represented-in Fig. 2 correspond substantially to those shown in Fig. 1 except that the individual multifilament yarns are bonded to a reinforcement 32 by extrusion molding directly from a film reinforcement. 32 on the yarns spaced with the film extruder 36. The reinforcement substrate 32 comprises a thermoplastic film molded by extrusion in a molten state from a suitable extrusion die 26 at a fastening point 27 formed by the rollers 5. and 6. The multifilament yarns are also at the fastening point 27 and are bonded onto or into the forming thermoplastic film. This link can be by mechanically hooking fibers into the film material and / or by bonding with adhesive between the film and the filaments of yarn. The bonding shape depends, for example, on the material forming the film and / or the filaments, the extrusion conditions and the pressure of the fastening point. The extrusion molded thermoplastic reinforcing layer 32 can be cooled when it is engaged with the rods that form the fastening point 27, for example, the rollers 5 or 6 could be adequately cooled for this purpose. The film is subsequently collected for further treatment at a later time, or fed to a transverse orientation device, 23, as already described above. Preferably, the molten thermoplastic material forming the film has a suitable viscosity and the pressure of the fixing point is sufficiently low such that the thermoplastic material covers and / or holds a plurality of the filaments of the yarn on a surface of the - - Same without substantially encapsulating the yarn (s) as a whole. Likewise, preferably, the yarns are formed primarily by filaments having a melting temperature above or close to that of the thermoplastic material forming the film reinforcement 32. This is so when the polymer of the melted film reinforcement 32 is molded by extrusion at the fastening point 27, all filaments of the yarn in contact with the yarn are not melted substantially. However, a suitable portion of the filaments forming the multifilament yarns may be such that they soften or melt when they are in contact with the thermoplastic polymer when it leaves the matrix 25, such as being fiber. suitable union type sheath / core or similar construction. -In the sheath / core type fibers, the outer layer of the bond fiber would be formed from a lower melting point material such as a polyethylene vinyl acetate or a low point polyester. The core could be formed from a polymer material of superior melting point. The use of the appropriate bonding fibers in the multifilament yarn could increase the fastening of the yarn to the extrusion molded film reinforcement. The clamping rollers 5 and 6 are preferably cooled, as the rollers are cooled with liquid, and are preferably of a smooth surface such as that provided by chrome plating. However, the roller 5 can have a textured or high friction surface to help prevent slippage of the multifilament yarns - when they are at the fastening point 27, For example, the roller 5 could be provided with a high friction surface such as for example - a rubber surface layer. At the fastening point 27, the multifilament yarns 12 are preferably spaced at a distance of 5 mm. or lower so that the spacing between the adjacent threads after the transverse orientation is less than 10 mm, preferably less than 5 mm. Generally, the threads 12 are spaced such that the mechanical fastener or hook-a piece used with a clip-type fastener, formed or cut from the fastener-type fastening material, will engage at least two transversely spaced threads. However, if the intended use does not include - significant cutting or detachment forces (eg a seat header) a single wire holder can be used on the clip-type fastener. If desired, a further sheet or fabric can be incorporated on the surface of the thermoplastic film 32 opposite that joined to the filament yarns 12 such as a prefixed, woven or other type of sheet or fabric fibrous or a second layer of film. This aggregate tissue substrate can be used to increase strength or improve touch sensitivity or - provide other performance or aesthetic qualities. This optional surface of the film 32 could also be provided with additional multifilament yarns, as mentioned above, for the purpose of providing a two-sided clip-type fastening material. Preferably, the speeds of the two rollers 4 and 5 are individually displaceable so that they can be operated at the same or different surface speeds, respectively, the speeds of both rollers 5 and d are greater than the extrusion index of the thermoplastic film 32 from the matrix 26 so that the thermoplastic film undergoes a certain degree of elongation and thickness reduction prior to being joined to the multifilament yarns An additional consolidation of the pre-chair type fastening materials 25 formed by the methods described above with respect to Figs. 1 and 2 is also desirable in some cases. In particular, the transverse-oriented yarns can be further bonded - with design to the reinforcement by ultrasonic bonding, bonding by heat and / or pressure or bonding with adhesive by conventional means. The design is preferably such that at particular points along each row the total width of the yarns, transverse to the longitudinal direction of the yarn, is integrally linked to the reinforcement. This can be done through linking regions that extend, at least to some degree, in the direction transverse to the wires and preferably in the form of link lines. These link lines may have some direction - longitudinal but preferably have less than a 60 degree angle, - more preferably less than a: 45 degree angle, with respect to the transverse direction of the thread. Linking by dots or other forms of design may not be as preferred but could also be used as those described in PCT Application N9 W095 / 33390 (Alien et al.). This secondary bond provides additional fixation points for the fibers at more or less regular intervals. The fibers of the yarn, even when they are not available to hook the hooks in these binding sites, are usually bonded more securely to the reinforcement providing a better adhesion performance for the fastener type fastening material. Therefore, if the fibers of the yarn become too much -separated in the transverse orientation step, the secondary bond can be used to provide a secure regular hold without a significant adverse effect on the space created by the transverse orientation of the yarns. . This design link may be in the form of eg continuous or intermittent lines, which may be parallel or inter-sect and may be straight, curved or random. If the lines are intermittent, the continuous segments are preferably, on average, at least as long as the average width of the transversely expanded yarns, preferably at least double the average width of the transversely tensioned yarns. The lines can also be in the form of geometric figures arranged in regular or random designs. Although they are less preferred, solid points are also possible - with similar design. Preferably, each single bond point will be bonded to a plurality of filaments in a yarn, preferably to a total cross-sectional width of a single yarn. The distance between the points or regions linked on a single thread should generally be less than about 3 cm, preferably less than 2 cm. and, for continuous filaments, preferably less than the average length of the fiber and, more preferably, less than half the average length of the fiber. The preferred form of bonding is by heat or ultrasonic bonding as is known in the art. The general bond area of the fibers should be less than 25 percent of the cross-sectional area of the transversely expanded yarn, preferably less than 15 percent and up to about 1 to 5 percent. In the transverse orientation of the reinforcing substrate, the multifilament yarn sheet 21 is generally comprised between at least 2 and 1, preferably between at least 3 and 1 up to the natural extraction ratio of the reinforcing substrate. During orientation, a substantial portion of the filaments of the yarn, fastened with adhesive or mechanically with the orientable reinforcing material, is at least partially detached. This detachment of filaments and transverse separation of the filaments forming the yarns allows the individual filaments of the yarns of the loop to expand both transversely, in the direction of orientation of the substrate, and outwardly from the reinforcing substrate. As such, although the original yarn would generally have a substantially circular or uniform cross section, the ratio of the average width of the expanded yarn to the height after the orientation generally becomes at least 1.2 to 1, preferably at least, 2.0 to 1. However, generally this relationship is imprecise due to the filaments that extend outward randomly from the central core of the yarn. Also, as the individual filaments are disengaged with the -reinforcement, a substantial portion of the filaments of the multi-filament yarns is free to move out of the reinforcement which results in an increased overall space and volume of the yarns, allowing a greater-penetration of the male mechanical fastener. The individual filaments also, although generally still oriented primarily in the direction of the filament length, assume a certain degree of transverse orientation. The unhooking of the fibers or of. The reinforcement filaments during the transverse orientation also aid in the formation of the loop-like structures by increasing the availability of the -filaments to hook the male mechanical fasteners. The resulting clip-type fastening material 25 is suitable for forming clip-type fasteners in order to engage male mechanical fasteners of conventional design. For example, the clip or fastener that engages the elements on top of the male mechanical fasteners may be in any conventional manner including a mushroom style hook, a J-hook or a multidirectional hook. Generally, when a mechanical closure system is formed using the clip fasteners of the invention, the protruding portions of the fiber or filament that engage the elements on the male mechanical fasteners are fixed on a closure surface so that - they are oriented in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of the transverse orientation of the oriented reinforcing substrate of the clip type fastener. This orientation of the hook fastening elements of the hooks and of the clip fastener provides the maximum bond strength for the resulting closure system.

The size and shape of the male-employed mechanical fasteners depend in part on the degree of opening and space of the fastener-like fastening material that follows the orientation of the reinforcement and of the adhered threads. Preferably, the average overall height of the fiber engaging element of the male mechanical fastening element is lower than the average height of the yarns on the fastener material, more preferably at least between 50 and 50%. of the average height of the multifilament yarn material following the orientation. Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3: Slip-like material sheets were made according to the present invention using the method substantially as illustrated in and described with respect to Fig. 2. Three different examples were prepared. Clip type material using the polypropylene threads that are listed in Table I., Table I - Example Denier / Fi lament 1 300/144 2 650/144 3 1.300 / 288 The yarns are available through Amoco Fabrics and Fibers Company (Bainbridge, GA) as 300AT (Type 176), 650AT (Type 171) 1300AT (Type 171), respectively (Example 2 is shown in Figs 3 to 6) . The threads were placed in alternating spaces between the teeth of a comb that had 16 teeth per inch (6.3 per cm.) In order to form a sheet of threads distributed essentially uniformly with approximately 42 strands of thread on a width of 5 inches (12.7 cm.). The wire sheet was subsequently fed between the two holding rollers. One of the rollers was a cast steel roller maintained at 100 ° F (38 ° C); the other roller was a rubber coated roller maintained at 80 ° F (27 ° C). The pressure between the clamped rollers was 50 psi and the clamping rollers provided a line speed of 20 feet per minute (6 meters per minute). As the threads passed through the holding rollers, polypropylene resin, commercially designated as 7C50 (available through Shell Chemical Company), was molded by extrusion through a die at a die temperature of 400 °. F - - (227 ° C) and on the yarns just before the clamping point in an appropriate amount to form a thermoplastic reinforcing layer. The thermo-plastic reinforcement layer was approximately 2 mils. (50.8 microns) thick and 8 inches (20 cm.) Wide. The sheet samples of the fabric were then cross-stretched by hand in a ratio of - - about 3.5: 1 (transverse direction: machine direction) to obtain the fastener material of the present invention. The calibrator - average of the film before and after the orientation (approximately 3.5 to 1) is shown in Table II. The density of the finished yarn for each sheet of clip type material was about 4 threads per inch of fabric width.

Table II Film Calibrator Film Calibrator between threads between threads Example Without Stretch Without Stretch stretch Stretch 1 2.4 1.1 2.2 1.4 2 2.8 1.1 2.2 1.8 3 2.3 1.2 2.1 1.5 Samples of the loop type materials were subjected to - test for adhesion at 135 degrees according to the test method described below. The 135 degree adhesion test measures the amount of force required to remove a strip of hook-type fastener material that is adhered to a piece of fastener-like fastener material while detaching the hook-like material from the fastener-like material at an angle of 135 degrees and a constant detachment index. The hook-type fastener material used for the test was a fungus-shaped head hook available through 3M Company as XPH-4198. For the purposes of comparison, samples of each fastener-type material prior to transverse stretching were also tested. The adhesion results in 135-degrees (in grams per 2.54 cm in width) are detailed in Table III.

Table III Adhesion Adhesion example in 135 degrees 135 degrees (unstretched) (stretched) 1 38 117 2 30 348 3 68 437 Adhesion test at 135 degrees: A 2-inch x 5-inch (5.1 cm x 12.7 cm) sample of mat fastener-type fastener was placed securely on a panel-2-inch x 5-inch steel (5.1 cm x 12.7 cm) using a double coated adhesive tape. A 1 inch x 5 inch (2.5 cm x 12.7 cm) gaticho fastener material strip was cut and 1 inch (2.5 cm.) Marks were placed from the end of each of the materials hook type bras. The strip of hook-type fastener material - was subsequently placed centrally on the clip panel so that there was a contact area of 1 inch x 1 inch (2.5 cm x 2.5 cm.) Between the hooks and the clips and the leading edge of the hook-type fastener strip were located along the length of the panel. The sample was rolled by hand, once in each direction, using a 4.5 pound (100 grams) roller at a speed of approximately 12 inches (30.5 cm.) Per minute, in order to attach the your hook and loop fastener. Paper was used between the hooks and the pads to cover the hooks and to ensure an area of engagement not greater than 1 in. 2 (2.54 c?). Holding the leading edge of the hook-type material strip, the sample was cut (stretched in the plane of the clip-type material in the direction opposite to the direction of detachment slightly by hand approximately 1/8 inch (0.32 cm .) in order to increase the hooking of the hooks in the clips The sample was subsequently cut in the lower jaw of the tension tester-OBIKM model 1122. Without the previous detachment of the sample, the leading edge was placed in the upper jaw with the 1-inch mark on the lower edge of the upper jaw. At a crosshead speed of 12 inches (30.5 cm.) per minute, a recording device placed at a speed of record band of 20 puj_ gadas (50.8 cm.) per minute in order to record the adherence that was maintained at an angle of 135 degrees For each test, the four peaks - higher were recorded in grams and were averaged The force required A to remove the hook strip from the clip type material was recorded in grams per inch in width. The registered values are an average of, at least, four tests. Example 4: They were placed in spaces of a comb, which had 16 teeth per inch, threads from Hercules, Inc. (Wilmington, DE), 500/198 type -T734. The threads were subsequently bonded to resin 7C50 PP in the same manner as in Example 4, 2 mils. of thickness. The sample was subsequently machine stretched between 8, and 1 between two diverging-rotating discs which engaged the tissue. This produced a finished yarn density of about 6 threads Dor inch wide of the fabric. The threads were subsequently linked in an additional way by the creation of a link line in the transverse direction by placing the fabric in a SealMaster 420 manufactured by Audion Electro. The heat setting was at 4 and the sealing time was about 2 seconds. This created a link line approximately 1/16"wide, the link lines were manually spaced between 3/8 and 1/2 inches, and it is noted that in relation to this date, the best method known to the applicant in order to carry out the aforementioned invention, it is the one that is clear from the present description of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. REVINDIC ACTIONS Having described the invention as above, it is claimed as - property that is contained in the following clauses: 1. A clamping-type clamping material for engaging a suitable male mechanical clamping element, characterized in that it comprises a sub-clamping substrate. reinforcement of an oriented sheet material having a first surface and a second surface and adhering substantially continuously to at least the first surface a plurality of discrete strands of multifilament transversely expanded; said filaments of yarns provide open loop type structures.
2. 2. The clip-type fastening material for hooking a suitable male mechanical fastening element of claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing substrate is an oriented film.
3. 3. The clamping-type clamping material for hooking a suitable male mechanical clamping element of claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing substrate is a fabric or laminate oriented in a predetermined or randomized way.
4. 4. The clamping-type clamping material for engaging a suitable male mechanical clamping element of claim 1, characterized in that the film reinforcement substrate is oriented in the direction in which the wires are expanded.
5. 5. The clamping-type clamping material for hooking a suitable male mechanical clamping element of claim 1, characterized in that the multifilament threads are formed by an orientable thermoplastic polymer. 6, - The clamping-type clamping material for hooking a suitable male mechanical clamping element of claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing substrate is formed by an adjustable thermoplastic polymer and the average thickness of the reinforcing substrate under the Adhered yarns is at least 10% more than the average thickness of the reinforcement substrate in the regions between the adhered yarns. 7. The clamping-type fastening material for hooking a suitable male mechanical fastening element of claim 1, characterized in that the multifilament yarns are twisted filament yarns, said yarns being spaced on the reinforcement substrate on average. mm. or less. 8. The clip fastening material for hooking a suitable male mechanical fastening element of claim 7, characterized in that the twisted filament yarns have an average of at least 20 filaments, said yarns being spaced on average at least 5 mm or less. 9. The clamping-type fastening material for hooking a suitable male mechanical fastening element of claim 7 characterized by the filaments having an average denier of at least 12. 10.- The clamping-type fastening material for hooking an element. male mechanical clamping device of claim 7, characterized in that the filaments have an average denier comprised between 2 and 5. 11.- The clamping-type clamping material for engaging a suitable male mechanical clamping element of claim 1, characterized in that the thread is formed by continuous filaments and has between 5 and 500 twists per meter. 12. The fastener-type fastening material for hooking a suitable male mechanical fastening element of claim 7, characterized in that the yarn has between 50 and 500 filaments. 13. The clamping-type clamping material for hooking a suitable male mechanical clamping element of claim 12, characterized in that the filaments are formed by a thermoplastic polymeric material. 14. The clip-type fastening material for hooking a suitable male mechanical fastening element of claim 8, characterized in that the reinforcement is oriented at least 2 to 1. 15.- The fastening material type clip for hooking a suitable male mechanical fastening element of claim 8, characterized because the reinforcement is oriented in at least 3.0 to 1. 16.- The fastening material type clip to hook a suitable male mechanical fastening element of claim 1, characterized in that the average thickness of the reinforcement substrate is between 10¿ / and 100 ?. 17. The clip-type fastening material for hooking a suitable male mechanical fastening element of claim 16, characterized in that the average thickness of the reinforcing substrate is between 20μ and 30u. 18. The clamping-type clamping material for hooking a suitable male mechanical clamping element of claim 1, characterized in that at least a portion of the filaments or segments of the filaments on a surface of the wire attached to the reinforcement is not adhered or substantially separated from the reinforcing substrate. 19, - The clip-type fastening material for hooking a suitable male mechanical fastening element of claim 18, characterized in that the average width-height ratio of the wires is at least 1, 2 to 1. 20, - The clamp-type clamping material for engaging a suitable male mechanical clamping element of claim 19, characterized in that the average width-height ratio of the wires is at least 2 to 1. 21.- The fastening material of the clamp claim 1, characterized in that the filaments have an average denier of 5. 22. The clamping-type fastening material of claim 1, characterized in that the filaments have an average denier comprised between 2 and 5. 23.- The material of clip fastener of claim 1, characterized in that the filaments forming the yarn have discrete lengths and the yarns have at least 3 twists per average filament length 24. The fastener-type fastening material of claim 1, characterized in that the filaments forming the yarn have discrete lengths and the yarns have at least 5 twists per average length of the filaments. 25. The clip-type fastening material of claim 11, characterized in that the wires have between 10 and 100 twists per meter. 26. - The clamping-type fastening material of claim 23, characterized in that the filaments are at least 2 cm. long. 27. The clip-type fastening material of claim 23, characterized in that the filaments are at least 5 cm. long. 28. The clip-type fastening material of claim 1, characterized in that the threads are additionally linked at intermittent points along their lengths. 29. The clip-type fastening material of claim 28, characterized in that the design links extend through substantially the total width of the threads at the points of connection with design individually. 30. The clip-type fastening material of claim 28, characterized in that the distance between the link points is less than 3 cm. 31.- A method of producing a fastening material for a hook and loop clip fastening system, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: a) provision of a plurality of multi-filament threads characterized by having as minimum 20 filaments and the filaments are separable; b) provision of a steerable reinforcement material; c) fixing the plurality of multifilament yarns to the reinforcing material so that each of the individual yarns is secured to the reinforcing material in a relationship - substantially parallel to the adjacent multifilament yarns; and d) transverse orientation of the reinforcing material - orientable and of the multifilament yarns adhered thereto by at least 2.0 to 1 by the provision of a fastening material capable of hooking a male mechanical fastening element . 32. The method of claim 31, characterized in that the steerable reinforcing material is a thermoplastic film provided by extrusion lamination to the multifilament yarns. 33.- A mechanical closing system, characterized in that it comprises a first closing surface and a second closing surface oriented in a substantially fixed relation, the first closing surface having a clip-type fastener comprising a reinforcement substrate of a material of oriented sheet having a first surface and a second surface and adhering substantially continuously. At least the first surface a plurality of discrete strands of transversely expanded multifilaments oriented in a first direction and on the second closure surface a fastener is provided male mechanic with -elements of. mechanical fasteners that have fiber-engaging elements with projecting portions extending beyond a portion of the male mechanical fastener element, said protruding portions of the fibers engaging the elements are oriented, at least in part, a second direction transverse to the first direction. 34. - The closing system of claim 33, characterized in that the average height of the fiber hooking element is lower than the average height of the yarns on the loop-type fasteners. 35.- The closing system of claim 33, characterized in that the average height of the fiber hook element is comprised between 1 and 50% of the average height of the yarns on the clip type fastener. 36.- The closing system of claim 33, characterized in that the reinforcing substrate of the first closing surface is an oriented film. 37.- The closing system of claim 33, characterized in that the reinforcing substrate of the first closing surface is a predetermined woven or laminated fabric or randomly woven. 38.- The closing system of claim 33, characterized in that the reinforcing substrate of the first closing surface is - oriented in the direction in which the wires are tensioned. 39.- The closing system of claim 33, characterized in that the reinforcing substrate of the first closure surface is formed by an adjustable thermoplastic polymer. 40.- The closing system of claim 33, characterized in that the. The reinforcement substrate of the first closure surface is formed by an orientable thermoplastic polymer and the average thickness of the reinforcement substrate or the adhered threads is at least 10% more than the average thickness of the reinforcement substrate in the inter-tread regions. the attached threads. 41. - The closure system of claim 33, characterized in that the yarns are twisted filament yarns, said yarns are spaced on the reinforcement substrate of the first closure surface on average 10 mm. or less. 42.- The closing system of claim 41, characterized in that the twisted yarns have an average of at least 20 filaments, said yarns are spaced at least 5 m apart. or less. 43. - The closure system of claim 41, characterized in that the filaments have an average denier of at least 5. 44.- The closure system of claim 41, characterized in that the filaments have an average denier comprised between 2 and 5. .- The closure system of claim 43, characterized in that the twisted yarn is formed by continuous filaments and has between 5 and 5,000 twists per meter. 46.- The closure system of claim 41, characterized in that the twisted yarn has between 50 and 500 filaments. 47.- The closure system of claim 46, characterized in that the twisted yarn is formed by a thermoplastic polymeric material. 48. The closing system of claim 42, characterized in that the reinforcing substrate of the first closing surface is oriented in at least 2 to 1. 49.- The closing system of claim 42, characterized in that the substrate The reinforcement of the first closure surface is-oriented at least 3.0 to 1. 50. - The closure system of claim 33, characterized in that the reinforcement substrate of the first closure surface is from -about 10u to 100? of thickness. 51.- The closure system of claim 50, characterized in that the reinforcement substrate of the first closure surface is from -about 20u to 30 thick. 52. The closure system of claim 33, characterized in that at least a portion of the yarns on a surface of the yarn adhered to the reinforcement is substantially not adhered to or separated from the reinforcement substrate. 53.- The closing system of claim 52, characterized in that the average width-height ratio of the wires is at least -1.2 to 1. 54.- The closing system of claim 53, characterized in that the The average width-height ratio of the yarns is at least - 2 to 1.