MODULAR AUTOMATIC ELECTRICAL SWITCH WITH OPTIMIZATION OF USED SPACES
DESCRIPTIVE MEMORY
The present invention relates to a modular automatic electrical switch with optimization of the spaces used. It is known that electrical panels currently use circuit breakers and in any case components that have a substantially standardized external housing. This module has a substantially flat box-like body that is 18 mm wide and has, to the rear, a means for coupling to a standardized omega-shaped bar according to DIN standards. On the front there is a protruding part where the handle or actuating lever is located. This box-type casing is currently used to contain an automatic switch that affects only one pole, so that in case of protection of two or more poles, one uses modules, or in any case box-type components, whose width is proportional to the number of modules, starting from the size of 18 mm for each pole. EP-A-0325071 describes one of these modular electrical protection devices that have a protected pole. If differential switches are combined, if differential circuit breakers are combined, adjacent arrangements are obtained from other devices that can be integrated directly or constituted by separate modules, and in any case maintain the characteristic of occupying one unit of width for each pole. This arrangement causes problems in some cases, because the resulting electrical panels have considerable dimensions and therefore require significant construction work, and because the mutual connection of the components can be complicated. The purpose of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages described above. A further objective of the invention is to provide a modular automatic electrical switch with optimization of the spaces used, which allows, by maintaining a box-like body having a standardized external shape, significantly reducing the spaces used internally, thus allowing to considerably reduce the overall dimensions in the case of multiple pole protection devices. An object of the invention is to provide an automatic electrical switch in which the dimensions comprised by the coupling of the different protection devices are practically halved, achieving also a functional improvement, since using kinematic decoupling systems that are more smaller than conventional ones, it is possible, having reduced masses involved, to achieve higher movement speeds and therefore faster interruption of the generated electric arc. A further object of the invention is to provide an automatic electrical switch that is particularly versatile and allows to introduce, in the standard width of the module, the two-pole thermal-magnetic protection or the thermal protection; it is also possible to use, for other functional parts, the empty spaces that are available by virtue of the new structural arrangement of the automatic electric switch. A further object of the invention is to provide an automatic electrical switch, which by virtue of its particular construction characteristics, is capable of giving the greatest reliability and safety during its use. These purposes, these and other objects that will be evident below, are achieved by means of a modular automatic electrical switch with optimization of used spaces, which includes a flat box-like body having, on its rear face, a means for coupling to a omega-shaped guide and, on its front face, a central protrusion in which it is possible to have access to a driving part, characterized in that it includes within the case-like body, at least an electric protection part, at least one kinematic system to drive the mobile electrical contact, and at least one deaerator cell, which are mutually interconnected in operation and do not occupy more than half of the internal volume formed by the box-like body. Further features and advantages will become apparent from the description of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment of a modular automatic electrical switch with optimization of the spaces used, illustrated only by way of non-limiting example in the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. is a schematic side view of the electrical switch that shows the volume occupied by the switch components; Figure 2 is a schematic view of the mutual arrangement of the switch components; Figure 3 is a side view of the switch, with a wall of the box-like body removed to show the components; Figure 4 is a front view of the electrical switch; Figure 5 is a top plan view of the electrical switch; Figure 6 is a schematic perspective view of the electrical switch with a side wall removed; Figure 7 is a schematic perspective view of the kinematic system for driving the mobile contact; Fig. 8 is a view of the kinematic system for driving the mobile contact in the open position; Figure 9 is a view of a kinematic system for driving the movable contact in the closed position;
Figure 10 is a schematic view of the kinematic system for driving the mobile contact, which has been released due to the intervention of a protection device, with the drive part still in the closed position. With reference to the previous figures, the modular automatic electrical switch with optimization of the spaces used according to the invention, includes a box-like body 1 having the standardized standard shape with a separation of 18 mm and forming, on the rear face, a half 2 for coupling with the omega-shaped guide according to DIN standards; the coupling means may be of a type known per se and is therefore not described in detail herein. The box-type body 1 has, on the front face, a projection 3 in which the drive part or handle 4 is disposed; this part or handle also has a conventional configuration. The important feature of the invention is constituted by the fact that a new structural arrangement is provided which allows the electrical protection device 10 to be accommodated, the kinematic system for actuating the mobile electrical contact 11, and the wake-up cell 12 inside the housing type box, in such a way that not more than half of the internal volume formed by the box-like body is occupied. As shown schematically in Figure 1, the occupied volume is delimited practically by the median axis, which passes in the driving part, and by the space towards the upper or lower ends, in such a way that in practice it is obtained within the same module constituted by the box type body, spaces that can be used for example to insert a circuit breaker to protect another pole, to provide a neutral pole, to provide differential protection of the protected poles or to introduce any other device that could be necessary. It should be noted that in practice an automatic electrical switch is provided which, occupying only half the space typically occupied by the conventional type circuit breakers, allows to significantly reduce the total space occupation, leaving half the number of modules used to provide protections. conventional To achieve this advantage, the mutual arrangement of the different parts is important, as shown schematically in Figure 2. In particular, it has been observed that the electrical protection must be located in the central projection, at the half provided between the edge of the the projection and the median horizontal axis passing through the pivot point of the drive part, while the wake cell is disposed on the rear face of the box-like body, and the kinematic system is interposed between the guard and the take-up cell. From a structural point of view, as shown more clearly in Figure 3, magneto-thermal protection is provided by virtue of the coils 20a and the bimetallic part 20b, while the deaerator cell is constituted by twelve parts 21 with a high switching capacity , which is arranged in such a way that the mobile contact 30, during the opening, in practice drives the arc towards the cell, accelerating its elimination. The embodiment of the kinematic drive system is also particularly significant: it is provided by virtue of its compact parts, in such a way that it is possible to use higher decoupling speeds, with the respective respective advantages. According to a preferred but not limiting embodiment, the kinematic system for actuating the mobile contact 30, generally designated with the reference number 11, is constituted by a bracket 41 which is articulated in a recess 42 formed in the body 43, a from which the actuating part or lever 4 extends. The bracket 41 engages the arm 44 of a movement lever, generally designated with the reference number 45., which is pivotally moved to 46 until a first pivot is connected to the box-like body 1. The other arms 47 of the movement lever 45 are articulated to a pair of articulated joints 50, at their other end, to the end 51 of a cross member 52. The ends 51 can slide in the slots 53 formed by a lever 54. of coupling which is U-shaped and moves pivotally to a second pivot 56 which is rigidly coupled to the box-like body. The lever for engagement with the closing ear 59 interacts with the closing appendage 60 of a control part 61 that swings about a third pivot 62, and is provided, in a downward region, with an extension 63 for engagement with the device of thermal decoupling, while magnetic intervention is provided on the hook 66. On the side of the pivot 62, the control part 61 has the hook 66, which interacts with the movable contact 30. An expansion of the mobile core of the magnetic switch couples a fold 17 of the movable contact 30 to provide faster opening. A connecting portion 70 is disposed on the opposite side of the hook 66 and interacts with a driving lever 71, which in practice has the purpose of combining the uncoupling of two switches that are arranged in the same box-like body, and are symmetrically arranged the other with respect to the central axis, and optionally also that of actuating the components of a laterally adjacent box-like body. The other end of the cross member 52 is coupled with a recess 75 formed in a spring guide 76 pivotally moved towards the movable contact 30 by means of a riveted pivot 78 and is driven by a pressure contact spring, designated with the number of reference 77. In practical operation, starting from the open position shown in figure 6, and rotating the driving part 4, the movement lever 45 is oscillated dextrorotatively, with a consequent rotation of the joints 50, which interacting with the end 51 of the cross member 52 located in the coupling lever 54, causes the rotational thrust of the movable contact 30, consequently arranging the closing ear 59 of the coupling lever 54, in such a way that it engages with the closing appendix 60, which maintains the closed position of the contact. In case of automatic decoupling, as shown in Figure 10, the oscillation of the control part 61 causes the rotation of the coupling lever 54, which is no longer retained by the appendix 60, with the consequent lifting of the movable contact, which is driven by a driving spring 68. It should be noted, of course, that the driving part 4 also changes position; in figure 10, this part is still shown in the closed position. From the foregoing description, it is evident that the invention achieves the intended purposes and objectives, and in particular it is emphasized that the provision of a structure, which allows to dispose the magnetic and thermal protection device, the reabsorber cell, and the kinematic system for actuating Uncoupling in a single standard body type, normally used to produce electrical panels, allows introducing a highly practical and versatile system, having the advantage of being able to provide the most different solutions. In fact, it is possible to provide in the middle of the box-like body that is substantially not used, a neutral pole, a second protected pole, the differential protection of the protected poles, thus practically reducing the spaces used in the width direction, since a single module allows double the functionality with respect to conventional commercially available modules. The invention considered in this way is susceptible to many modifications and variations, all of which are within the inventive concept. In addition, all the details can be replaced with other technically equivalent ones. In practice, the materials used can be of any kind according to the requirements, as long as they are compatible with the specific use, and also with the dimensions and contingent forms.