MXPA99000309A

MXPA99000309A - Method of treatment of pla disease

Info

Publication number: MXPA99000309A
Application number: MXPA/A/1999/000309A
Authority: MX
Inventors: Abraham Van Rooijen Willem
Original assignee: Handelman Joseph H; Organoflo (Proprietary) Limited; Abraham Van Rooijen Willem
Priority date: 1996-06-27
Filing date: 1999-01-05
Publication date: 2000-09-04

Abstract

A method for treating a plant disease is described which includes the step of applying to a plant having a plant disease, an effective amount of a substance or composition comprising, as an active treatment agent, oxy-phloxane.

Description

METHOD OF TREATMENT OF PLANT DISEASE DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to the treatment of plant diseases. In particular it relates to a method for the treatment of a plant disease, to a method for making a substance or composition for the treatment of a plant disease, to a substance or composition for the treatment of a plant disease, to the use of a substance or composition for the treatment of a plant disease, to the use of a substance or composition to prepare a treatment agent 15 to treat a plant disease, to a prophylactic method to treat plant diseases, to a method to fertilize a plant, to a method for making a substance or composition to fertilize a plant, to a substance or composition 20 to fertilize a plant, to the use of a substance or composition to fertilize a plant, and to the use of a substance or composition to prepare a fertilizer to fertilize a plant. According to a first aspect of the invention, a method for treating a plant disease is provided, the method includes the step of applying to a plant, which has a plant disease, a respective amount of a substance or composition the which comprises, as an active treatment agent, an oxi-fulvic acid. The oxi-fulvic acid is a mixture of substances that include organic acids and is obtained from Enerkom (Pr op r i e ta r y) Limited. Its method of preparation is described in US Patent 4,912,256 in which it is referred to as "fulvic acids". It is generally provided as a concentrate of approximately 24-25%. In the rest of the specification, the concentrate is simply referred to as "oxi-fulvic acid". Thus, a solution of 3% oxy-fulvic acid refers for example to a solution containing 3 ml or 3 g. of the concentrate per 100 g. • Plant disease can be selected from leaf diseases and root diseases. The plant disease may be, for example, * a root disease of a grain plant such as wheat, barley, oats, rye or corn, a root disease of a grass such as ryegrass or cañuela, or a root disease of plants such as potatoes, beans, peanuts, tomatoes, lucerne or alfalfa. Such root diseases include diseases of Fitoptora, Fitio, Panama and Malelan disease. The disease may be, rather, a disease such as Brown Scara (Str epotomy Scabies), Resetonia Solani, Late Plague, Bacterial Cancer, Precocious Plaque, Bacterial Wilt, Erwinia, Coffee bean moho, mold in dust and fluffy mold. Erwinia is a pathogen that causes the root to dry on potatoes, that is, it is a potato tuber disease. The invention, however, should not be construed as limiting these diseases and extends to a method for treating other plant diseases, for example diseases of the leaves or roots, which are caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses and other pathogens. In this way, the plant can be selected from wheat, barley, oats, rye, corn, rye or cañuela, potatoes, beans, peanuts, tomatoes, lucerne "and alfalfa and the disease can be selected from Pitoptora, Fitiu, Panama disease , Malelan disease, tree root disease, Brown snapper (S tr ep t omyce s scabies), Late plague, Bacterial cancer, Precocious plague, Bacterial wilt, Erwinia, Coffee mold, mildew and villous mildew. The vehicle may be an aqueous vehicle, rather, the vehicle may be a liquid fertilizer, In particular, the liquid fertilizer may be selected from liquid fertilizer materials and liquid fertilizer mixtures of the type described. South Africa of Applicant No. 96/5477 which is incorporated herein by reference, In this manner the substance or composition may be an aqueous solution of an oxy-fulvic acid (optional). ally including other components) or a liquid fertilizer solution of oxy-fulvic acid (optionally including other components). In this way, in the context of this specification "liquid fertilizer solution" refers to a solution or mixture (optionally including other components) of oxi-fulvic acid with a liquid fertilizer material or a liquid fertilizer mixture as described in the South African patent application No. 96/5477. The concentration of oxi-fulvic acid in the substance or composition may be between about 0.2% and about 8.0% (m / v).

In this manner, the aqueous solution or liquid fertilizer solution can have an oxy-fulvic acid concentration of about 0.2-8.0% (m / v), preferably around 0.5-6.0% (m / v), and more preferably approximately 1.5-5.0 (m / v). The method may include the step of dissolving the oxi-fulvic acid in water, eg, irrigation water, to form the aqueous solution. The method may include the additional step of mixing the aqueous solution of oxi-fulvic acid with the liquid fertilizer to form the liquid fertilizer solution. Naturally, oxi-fulvic acid does not need to be pre-dissolved in water before being mixed in the liquid fertilizer and can be added to the liquid fertilizer in an undissolved state or incorporated into the liquid fertilizer during one of the steps of its manufacture. The method may also include the step of applying the aqueous solution or liquid fertilizer solution to the soil around the plant or spraying it into the plant, for example, through a pannier or similar spray. In this way, the application of the substance or application to the plant may include a step selected to apply the substance or composition to the soil around the plant and spray • the substance or composition on the plant. The Applicant has found that the presence of oxi-fulvic acid in the liquid fertilizer solution destroys or substantially reduces the amount of bacteria, viruses, fungi and other pathogens in the liquid fertilizer solution. In particular, oxi-fulvic acid destroys or reduces the amount of plant disease caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and other pathogens in the liquid fertilizer solution. Oxi-fulvic acid also destroys or reduces the amount of bacteria, viruses, fungi and other pathogens in the soil and on the plant, when the soil and the plant are fertilized by the liquid fertilizer solution. The fertilizer solution • liquidates in this way, in addition to fertilizing the plant, acts as a prophylactic agent and / or curative with respect to plant diseases. The following examples illustrate the use of aqueous oxy-fulvic acid in the treatment of plant diseases. For example, in the case of Fitoptora or Similar citrus tree root diseases, the method may include dissolving the oxi-fulvic acid in sufficient water so that the aqueous solution has a concentration of approximately 0.5-6% (m / v) and applying the solution to the drip area of the citrus tree in an amount of approximately 5 per running meter. The solution can then be washed in the soil with irrigation water. The soil in the drip area is preferably pre-moistened and the infected trees are treated monthly. By "drip area" is meant the area of the soil below the body of the tree. By "meter current" is meant a strip with a width of lm. c i r c f f e r l ee ss extended around the tree. In the case of phytoptora or similar root diseases in avocado trees, the method may include dissolving oxi-fulvic acid in sufficient water so that the aqueous solution has a concentration of approximately 4% (m / v) and applying the solution to the drip area of the avocado tree in an amount of 10 I per meter current in field capacity. The solution can then be washed to the ground with irrigation water immediately after application to the drip area. The soil in the drip area is preferably pr e-moistened by applying 15 mm of water. The treatment is usually carried out weekly or monthly depending on the irrigation method used. In the case of Panama disease or in the case of similar root diseases in banana trees, the method may include dissolving the oxi-fulvic acid in sufficient water so that the aqueous solution has a concentration of about 0.5-6. % (m / v), depending on the amount of clay in the soil, and apply the solution to the banana tree mat in an amount of 5. { per mat. The solution can then be 'washed with irrigation water as described above. The soil is usually pre-wetted with 30mm of water and the frequency of application will depend on the irrigation method. By "mat" is meant the area below the banana tree and corresponds to the drip area of, for example, a citrus tree or an avocado tree. In the case of Malelan disease in guava trees, the method may include dissolving the oxi-fulvic acid in water so that the aqueous solution has a concentration of approximately 0.5-6.0% (m / v) and applying the solution to the area drip of the guava tree in a quantity of approximately 5 <; per meter. The solution can then be washed to the ground with irrigation water as described for the avocado trees above. In the case of Late Pests or Phytophora infestation in potatoes or tomatoes, the method may include applying an aqueous solution of oxyvic acid with a concentration of 6% (m / v) as a 'preventive spray every 4 weeks in an amount of approximately 0.5-2. I heard from either an aerial spraying or a tractor spraying. In the case of brown mold in bean plants, the method may include applying an aqueous solution of oxi-fulvic acid having a concentration of 0.5% (m / v) to the bean plants at a rate of 2i per Ha. enough of 2-4 applications per growing season. The following examples illustrate the use of the liquid fertilizer solution both as a fertilizer and as a treatment agent for plant diseases. When young citrus or avocado trees are established, and in order to prevent diseases in the root, the method may include mixing the liquid fertilizer solution as described above with the soil where the tree is to be planted before it is planted, for example around 500g (in the case of citrus trees) or in the case of 200g (in the case of avocado trees). In the case of avocado trees bearing fruit, a fertilizer containing 0. 5-6.0% oxy-fulvic acid. The fertilizer is applied in a quantity and at a frequency as recommended by the supplier. The method may include, or in addition to, the weight of treating the soil around the tree while it is being established with a liquid fertilizer solution in an amount of about 500g per running meter every four months for a period of two years. The liquid fertilizer solution can be used to control diseases in crops that are sold in cash, such as potatoes, tomatoes, peanuts, beans and other vegetable grains. For example, for the control in potatoes of Streptomyces Scabies, the liquid fertilizer solution can be applied to the flange in the plantation in an amount of approximately 800-2000 kg per hectare depending on the population of plants. In the case of dry soil potatoes, the method may include applying the liquid fertilizer solution in an amount of approximately 800 kg per Ha and then applying an aqueous solution of oxyviconic acid having a concentration of oxi-fulvic acid of approximately 6%. (m / v) every 4-6 weeks through a tractor trailed sprinkler at a rate of approximately 100 I per hectare. The application may be, rather, through the irrigation water used to irrigate the potatoes. According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for making a substance or composition for the treatment of a plant disease, the method including the step of combining oxi-fulvic acid with a suitable vehicle.

The vehicle can be a water vehicle. Rather, the vehicle can be a liquid fertilizer. The liquid fertilizer may be selected from liquid fertilizer materials and liquid fertilizer mixtures of the type described in South African Patent Application No. 96/5977. In this way, the method can include dissolving the oxi-fulvic acid in water to form an aqueous solution or combining a fertilizer material with oxy-fulvic acid. The fertilizer material can be a liquid fertilizer as described above. Naturally, the oxi-fulvic acid can be combined with any liquid fertilizer, be it a chemical fertilizer (ie inorganic) or an organic fertilizer or a mixture of fertilizer or any plant nutrient used to improve the growth of the lanta. The invention extends to a substance or composition for the treatment of a plant disease made through a method as described above. According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a substance or composition for the treatment of a plant disease, the substance or composition including, as an active treatment agent, an oxyhydrogen acid. The substance or composition can be as described above. According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of a substance for the treatment of a plant disease, the substance or composition including, as an active treatment agent, oxi-fulvic acid. The substance or composition can be as described above. According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of a composition for the preparation of a treatment agent for treating a plant disease, the substance or composition including, as an active treatment agent, oxy-fulvic acid. The invention extends to a prophylactic method for the treatment of plant diseases, the method including a step selected from applying directly to a plant and applying to the soil around the plant, a substance or composition that includes as an active treatment agent, acid oxi-fulvic.

The substance or composition can be as described above. According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for fertilizing a plant, the method including the step of applying a fertilizer that includes oxyfluvic acid to a plant. The fertilizer can be a liquid fertilizer as described above. According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for making a substance or composition for fertilizing plants, • method includes the step of combining oxi-fulvic acid and a fertilizer can be a liquid fertilizer as described above. According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a substance or composition for fertilizing a plant, the substance or composition including a fertilizer and oxi-fulvic acid. According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of a substance or composition for fertilizing a plant, the substance or composition including a fertilizer and oxi-fulvic acid.

The fertilizer can be a liquid fertilizer as described above. According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of a substance or composition for preparing a fertilizer for fertilizing plants, the substance or composition including a fertilizer material and oxy-fulvic acid. The invention is now described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying Examples and appended Figures in which Figure 1 shows a graph of the record of the number of colony forming units against time for Erwinia treated with oxi-fulvic acid; Figure 2 shows a graph of the record of the number of colony forming units against time for Streptomyces Scabies treated with oxy-fulvic acid; Figure 3 shows a graph of the record of the number of colony forming units against time for Biovar 3 Bacterial Plague treated with oxy-fulvic acid; and Figure 4 shows a graph of the record of the number of colony forming units against time for Biovar 2 Bacterial Plague treated with oxi-fulvic acid. In the Examples presented below, "oxi-fulvic acid" refers to the concentrate of about 24-25% described above, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

EXAMPLE 1 FITOPTORA TREATMENT IN CITRUS TREES In order to treat phytopter on citrus trees, oxi-fulvic acid was dissolved in water to produce an aqueous solution having a concentration of 5-6% (m / v). The drip area of the tree was wetted and the aqueous solution was applied to the drip area in an amount of 50 per meter. The solution was then washed to the ground with irrigation water. The treatment was carried out weekly EXAMPLE 2 TREATMENT OF FITOPTER IN AVOCADO TREES In order to treat the phytopter in avocado trees, oxyviculfic acid was dissolved in water to produce an aqueous solution having a concentration of 4% (m / v). The soil in the drip area of the avocado tree was pumulated with 15 mm of water and the solution was applied to the drip area of the avocado tree in an amount of 10 I per meter current at the field capacity. The solution was then washed to the ground with irrigation water immediately after application to the drip area. The treatment was performed weekly.

EXAMPLE 3 TREATMENT OF PANAMA DISEASE IN BANANA TREES In order to treat Panama disease in banana trees, oxyviculfic acid was dissolved in water to produce an aqueous solution having a concentration of 0.5-6.0% (m / v) ) depending on the amount of clay in the soil. The mat was pre-moistened with 30mm of water and the solution was applied to the banana tree mat in an amount of 5 per mat. The solution was then washed to the ground with irrigation water.

EXAMPLE 4 TREATMENT OF MELELAN DISEASE IN TREES OF • GUAYABA In order to treat Malelan disease in guava trees, oxyviculic acid was dissolved in water to produce an aqueous solution having a concentration of 0.5-6.0% (m / v). The drip area was p-wetted with 15mm of water and the solution was applied to the drip area of the guava tree 10 in an amount of 5i per meter current and then 'washed to the ground with irrigation water. The treatment was performed weekly.

EXAMPLE 5 15 5.1 The citrus leaf priming technique was used to analyze the effect of oxyphilic acid on zoospores of Fitoptora and Fitium and on irrigation water. Soils known to be infected with P. nicotianae were placed in ice trays. Ten grams of the tiers were placed in each cubicle. Distilled water containing 0; 0.1; 0.5; 1.2 and 4% oxy-fulvic acid respectively to the soil. Pieces were left to float of citrus leaves on water for 48 hours after which they were placed on two selective media, viz, PARP and PARPH. The leaf pieces were then incubated for 48-96 hours, during which time the number of leaf pieces from which Fitoptora and Fitium developed was verified. The results of the test are established in Table 1.

TABLE 1 . 2 The previous test was repeated using the same procedures. The results are set forth in Table 2.

TABLE 2 As can be seen from Table 2, the phytophora was removed at a concentration of 5 ml /. 5.3 In an additional test, oxy-fulvic acid was added to a sand bark growth medium commonly used by the citrus planting industry. This medium was inoculated with phytopter using irrigation water infested with phytopter for four weeks. Then, oxi-fulvic acid was added at either 40 or 80 ml / l as a flood of soil. Then another four weeks of irrigation infested with phytopter were added. Ridomil was used as the standard chemical producer and was used at 2g / container. An additional treatment, an extract is included as described in Example 7 below containing 3% oxy-fulvic acid. However, in this case, the trees were irrigated with free water of phytopter during the first weeks followed by water infested by phytopter for the following four weeks. The medium was tested for the presence of phytopter eight weeks after the start of the analysis using the citrus leaf piece priming technique. The results are set forth in Table 3. In the Table, organ healing refers to oxi-fulvic acid and Organoflo refers to the extract with oxy-fulvic acid.

TABLE 3 As can be seen from Table 3, in the case of organ healing, the incidence of Fitoptora was reduced to 80% compared to 97% for Ridomil, and in the case of Organoflo for the same quantity as for Ridomil.

EXAMPLE 6 In vitro tests were conducted to determine the efficacy of oxi-fulvic acid against tk Erwinia, Streptomyces scabies, Bacterial Plague Biovar 3 of Ralstonia solanaceanum and Plague Bacterial Biovar 2 from Ralstonia solanaceanum. Aliquots each containing ± 106 bacteria / ml were placed in a pipette in test tubes, and treated, respectively, with solutions of oxi-fulvic acid having concentrations of 0.5%, 1.0%, ^^ 2.0% and 4.0% and were compared with an untreated control containing ± 10 bacteria / ml. Samples were plated on different media from growth at intervals of 0.5; 2.5; 10; fifteen; 30 and 60 minutes. The record of the number of colony forming units (CFUs) was determined and plotted as a function of time. The results are established in Figures 1, 3 and 4. determined the number of colony forming units x 105 (CFUs x 105) to determine the Streptomyces scabies and was plotted as a function of time. The results are set forth in Figure 2. In the graphs "Organ Cure" refers to the aqueous solution of oxy-fulvic acid. The solution had a concentration of about 24% as described above and was diluted as indicated in the Figures. In Figure 1 it can be seen that all concentrations above 0.5%, oxi-fulvic acid destroyed the Erwinia bacteria in 30 seconds. In Figure 2 it can be seen that the number of colony forming units (x105) of Streptomyces scabies was reduced from a value of 23 x 105 to a value of 6.1 x 105 after 60 minutes. Figures 3 and 4 show that, as in Figure 1, Bacterial Plague Bacterial Biovar 3 and Bacterial Plague Biovar 2 were destroyed at all concentrations below 0.5% in 30 seconds. In the Figures, CVP refers to crystal violet pectate; NA refers to nutrient agar; and TZC refers to tetrazolium chloride (a medium which is specific for bacterial pest pathogens).

EXAMPLE 7 In order to prepare an extract, chicken fertilizer (1 kg) was added to water (1.51) and the mixture was heated to 80 ° C, with stirring, for 30 minutes. The resulting mixture, comprising an aqueous phase and insoluble material, was passed through a cyclone to remove the insoluble material from. mix. The aqueous phase was then passed through a stream to remove the remaining suspended solid material. The extract was produced by concentrating the filtered aqueous phase to a volume of about l.

The extract had a carbon: nitrogen ratio of 24: 1 and contained approximately 35% (/ m) of dissolved solids. In a separate operation, potassium hydroxide (50g) was added to the mixture. The addition of the potassium hydroxide resulted in an increase in the initial temperature at about 40 ° C.

EXAMPLE 8 The following is the preparation of a liquid fertilizer material containing the calcium nitrate fertilizer substance. It 5 prepared a calcium nitrate solution by dissolving calcium nitrate (53 g) in water (100 ml) to produce a solution having a concentration of 53% (m / v). The solution (100 ml) was then mixed with the extract of Example 7 (400 ml) (the ratio between the extract and the calcium nitrate solution being thus 1: 4). Oxi-fulvic acid (3 ml) was added to the mixture, the resulting mixture was heated to 60 ° C and allowed to stand for 24 hours to produce the liquid fertilizer material containing the fertilizer substance, calcium nitrate. The procedure of Example 8 was repeated using the fertilizer substance, calcium acetate (53 g) and the same amounts of water, the oxyviconic acid was extracted to produce a liquid fertilizer material containing the fertilizing substance, calcium acetate. Liquid fertilizer materials containing calcium acetate can be mixed with other liquid fertilizer materials (prepared as described below), or with other nutrients, to form a fertile fertilizer mix, which is suitable for the requirements of a particular crop. The liquid fertilizer material that contains calcium can be, rather, directly used as a source of calcium, through an irrigation system or as a foliar feed to overcome specific calcium deficiencies (detected, for example, by leaf analysis). which can occur during the growing season of a plant.

EXAMPLE 9 A liquid fertilizer material containing the fertilizing substance, magnesium nitrate, was prepared as follows. A solution of magnesium nitrate was prepared by dissolving magnesium nitrate (35 g) in water (100 ml) to produce a solution having a concentration of 35% (m / v). The solution (100 ml) was then mixed with the extract of Example 7 (400 ml) (the ratio between the extract and the calcium nitrate solution being thus 1: 4). The oxi-fulvic acid (3 ml) was added to the mixture and the resulting mixture was allowed to stand for 48 hours to produce the liquid fertilizer material containing the fertilizer substance in magnesium nitrate.

The liquid fertilizer material containing magnesium can be used in mixtures, as described above, directly through irrigation systems or as a foliar feed in the case of magnesium deficiencies in a plant (for example as detected by soil analysis). tissue) .

EXAMPLE 10 A liquid fertilizer material containing the feedstock, potassium nitrate, was prepared as follows. A solution of potassium nitrate was prepared by dissolving potassium nitrate 1 kg in 600 me water at 70-90 ° C with mechanical stirring for 5-10 minutes to produce a solution having a concentration of 62.5% (m / m). The resulting solution (100 ml) was mixed with the extract of Example 7 (400 ml) (the ratio between the extract and the potassium nitrate solution being thus 1: 4). Oxi-fulvic acid (3 ml) was added. ) to the mixture to produce the liquid fertilizer material containing the potassium nitrate fertilizer substance The procedure of Example 10 was repeated two more times using, respectively, the fertilizer substances of potassium chloride and potassium sulfate in the same quantities to produce liquid fertilizer materials containing the fertilizing substances potassium chloride and potassium sulphate respectively. The liquid fertilizer material (s) containing potassium they can be mixed with other liquid fertilizer materials or nutrients, as described above, or used as such and applied through irrigation systems or as a foliar-to-leaf application.

EXAMPLE 11 A liquid fertilizer material containing ammonium nitrate was prepared as a fertilizer substance as follows. A solution of 21% (m / m) of ammonium nitrate (100 ml) was mixed with extract of Example 7 (400 ml) (the ratio between the extract and the ammonium nitrate solution being thus 1: 4) . Oxi-fulvic acid (3 ml) was added to the reaction mixture and the resulting mixture was allowed to stand for 24 hours to produce the liquid fertilizer material containing the fertilizer substance nitrate de-ammonium.

The procedure of Example 11 was repeated two more times using, respectively, the ammonium sulfate fertilizer substances as an 80% solution (m / m) and ammonium urea nitrate as a 80% solution (m / m) in the same quantities to produce liquid fertilizer materials containing the fertilizing substances ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate-urea, respectively. The fertilizer material (s) containing ammonium can be mixed with other liquid fertilizer materials or nutrients, as described above, or used as such through an irrigation system or as a foliar feed in prescribed amounts.

EXAMPLE 12 A liquid fertilizer material containing the fertilizing substance, monoammonium phosphate was prepared as follows. A solution at 30% (m / m) of monoammonium phosphate (100 'm) was prepared and mixed with the extract of Example 6 (400 ml) (the ratio between the extract and the ratio of monoammonium phosphate being 1: 4) . Oxyfluvic acid (3 'me) was added to the mixture and the resulting mixture was mechanically stirred for 5 minutes and allowed to stand for 48 hours to produce the liquid fertilizer material containing the fertilizer substance, monoammonium phosphate. The procedure of Example 12 was repeated three times using, respectively, the fertilizer substances of monoammonium phosphate, monopotassium phosphate and dipotassium phosphate, each with a 30% solution (m / m) in the same amounts to produce liquid fertilizer materials. containing the fertilizer substances, diammonium phosphate, monopotassium phosphate and di-potassium phosphate. The liquid phosphate-containing fertilizer materials can be mixed with other liquid fertilizer materials or nutrients as described above to suit the requirements of a specific crop or area or used as such through irrigation systems or as a foliar feed to overcome phosphate deficiencies (for example, as detected through tissue analysis).

EXAMPLE 13 A liquid fertilizer mixture was prepared by mixing the liquid fertilizer material containing potassium of Example 10 (20 kg), with the liquid fertilizer material containing ammonium of Example 11 (40 kg) and the liquid fertilizer material containing phosphate of the material of Example 12 ( 33 kg). Oxi-fulvic acid (6 kg) [PLEASE CONFIRM] and my mixed blend in BMX te (0.2 kg), supplied by Chemserve Colloids (Pty) Limited were added to the mixture to produce the • liquid-fertilizer mixture. .

EXAMPLE 14 S prepared a liquid fertilizer mixture by mixing the liquid fertilizer material containing potassium of Example 10 (20 kg), the liquid fertilizer material containing ammonium of Example 11 (61 * kg), the liquid fertilizer material containing calcium of Example 8 (7.3 kg) and the liquid fertilizer material containing magnesium of Example 9 (2.5 kg). Oxi-fulvic acid (6 kg) and the micronutrient blend BMX (0.2 kg) were mixed in the mixture to produce the liquid fertilizer mixture.

EXAMPLE 15 During the planting of the potatoes, in a series of operations, the liquid fertilizer materials of Examples 8-12 and the liquid fertilizer mixtures of Examples 13 and 14 were applied to the flange in an amount of 2000 kg per Ha. All these mixtures were effective to control brown potato scar.

EXAMPLE 16 Prior to the planting of citrus trees, the soil where the tree is to be planted was mixed with 500 g of a fertilizer material of Examples 8-12 or liquid fertilizer mixtures of Examples 13 and 14. The fertilizer or the The mixture was then applied to the soil around the tree in an amount of 1-2 kg per m2 every four months for 2 years. Subsequently no root diseases were detected.

EXAMPLE 17 Before. planting avocado trees, the land where the tree was planted was mixed with 200 g of a fertilizer material or liquid fertilizer mixture as described in Examples 16 or 17. The fertilizer material or the mixture was then applied to the soil around the tree in. an amount of 1-2 kg / m2 every four months for two years. Subsequently no root diseases were observed. Liquid fertilizers, ie fertilizers containing dissolved fertilizer components in an aqueous medium, generally can not be produced by combining fertilizer materials containing calcium with many other fertilizer materials due to the tendency of calcium salts to precipitate from the aqueous medium. For example, calcium salts can not be combined, in liquid fertilizers, with phosphates, sulfates (such as ammonium sulfate or magnesium sulfate) or carbonates due to the precipitation of calcium phosphate (for example, as tricalcium phosphate). calcium sulfate or calcium carbonate. Even when the soluble calcium salt is applied to the soil, for example as a component of a shell the soluble calcium salt can be converted, on the ground, through insoluble calcium carbonate or calcium hydroxide.

This limits the availability of calcium from the soluble calcium salt to the plants that grow on the ground. Magnesium-containing salts similarly may be converted, on the earth, to magnesium carbonate or partially soluble magnesium hydroxide so that the availability of magnesium from the soluble magnesium salt to plants growing on the soil is also limited. It is an advantage of the disclosed invention to provide a liquid fertilizer material containing fertilizer substances, which "would normally produce precipitates if only dissolved in water." Without being bound by theory, the Applicant believes that there is a chelating procedure in place. where at least two cations of the fertilizer substances are fused into substances extracted from the natural organic material.The chelation process is believed to be responsible for preventing the occurrence of precipitation.The Applicant also believes that the process of chelation also prevents Fertilizer substances are leached from the ground.A further advantage of the invention described herein is the addition that oxy-fulvic acid destroys or substantially reduces pathogens such as viruses and bacteria that cause diseases in plants. that the presence of oxi-fulvic acid in the liquid fertilizer material results in an increased root mass of the treated beds with the liquid fertilizer material. This allows plants to use nutrients in the soil more efficiently. The Applicant has also found that the addition of oxi-fulvic acid improves the chelation effect described above. It is a further advantage of the disclosed invention that predetermined amounts of different liquid fertilizer materials can be mixed to provide a mixture having predetermined amounts of different fertilizer materials present. This allows the preparation of liquid fertilizer mixtures, which are suitable for the requirements of different plants, or for the requirements of a specific plant during different periods of its growth cycle. For example, some plants require certain nutrients during their growth stage and other nutrients during their reproduction stage. The invention in this manner provides blends that can be applied to the soil near the plant during these stages. In addition, the organic fertilizers of the prior art of which the Applicant is attentive do not contain large quantities of my c r o - nu t r i e n t e s. In this way, it has generally been necessary to use relatively large quantities of said organic fertilizers of the prior art in order to provide sufficient micro-nutrients to satisfy the requirements of a particular type of plants. It is an advantage of the disclosed invention to provide a liquid fertilizer material that includes relatively large amounts of micro-nutrients so that it is not necessary to use large amounts of the liquid fertilizer material in order to provide suitable micro-nutrients to a plant.

Claims

1. A method for treating a plant disease and fertilizing a plant, characterized in that the method includes the step of applying to a plant having a plant disease and requiring fertilization, an effective amount of a substance or composition that includes a vehicle and oxi-fulvic acid as an active treatment agent, the vehicle comprising a liquid fertilizer and a liquid fertilizer mixture, the liquid fertilizer is prepared by preparing an extract of a natural organic fertilizer material and combining the extract with a substance selected fertilizer of water-soluble salts and mixture of water-soluble salts and the liquid fertilizer mixture is prepared by combining at least two liquid fertilizers, each prepared by preparing an extract of a natural organic fertilizer material and combining the extract with a fertilizer substance selected from soluble salts in water and mixture of water-soluble salts.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the natural organic fertilizer material is in the form of animal or bird guano calvings.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the extract is prepared by spreading the natural organic fertilizer material with water to produce a mixture containing an aqueous phase and insoluble material and removing the insoluble material from the material. 1 a.

4. The method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the water-soluble salts are selected from salts with selected cations of calcium, magnesium, potassium and ammonium and selected anions of nitrate, nitrite, acetate, chloride , sulfate and phosphate.

5. The method as claimed in any of claims 1-4 inclusive, characterized in that the plant disease is selected from leaf diseases and root diseases.

6. The method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the plant is selected from wheat, rye, oats, barley, corn, bañico, cañuela, potatoes, peas, peanuts, tomatoes, lucerne and alfalfa.

7. The method as claimed in claim 5 or claim 6, characterized in that the disease is selected from Fitoptera, Fitium, Panama Disease, Malelan Disease, tree root diseases, Brown Scara (Steptomyces scabbies), Resetonia solani, Plague Late, Bacterial Cancer, Early Plague, Bacterial Wilt, Erwinia, Brown mold, powdery mildew and downy mildew.

8. The method as claimed in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the concentration of oxi-fulvic acid in the substance or composition is between 0.2-8.0% (m / v).

9. The method as claimed in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the application of the substance or composition of the plant includes a step selected from applying the substance or composition to the soil around the plant and spraying the substance or composition onto the plant .

10. The method for making a substance or composition for the treatment of a plant disease and fertilizing a plant, characterized in that the method includes the step of combining oxi-fulvic acid with a vehicle comprising a liquid fertilizer and a liquid fertilizer mixture, the Liquid fertilizer is made by preparing an extract of a natural organic fertilizer material and combining the extract with a fertilizer substance selected from water-soluble salts and mixtures of water-soluble salts and the liquid fertilizer mixture is prepared by combining at least two Liquid fertilizers, each prepared by preparing an extract of a natural organic fertilizer material and combining the extract with a fertilizer substance selected from water-soluble salts and water-soluble salt mixture.

11. A substance or composition for treating a plant disease and fertilizing a plant prepared through a method as claimed in claim 10.

12. A substance or composition for treating a plant disease and fertilizing a plant, characterized in that the substance or composition includes a vehicle and oxi-fulvic acid as an active treatment agent, the vehicle comprising a liquid fertilizer and a liquid fertilizer mixture, the Liquid fertilizer is prepared by making an extract from a natural organic fertilizer material and combining the extract with a fertilizer substance selected from water-soluble salts and mixtures of water-soluble salts and the liquid fertilizer mixture is prepared by combining at least two liquid fertilizers, each One is made by preparing an extract of a natural organic fertilizer material and combining the extract. With a fertilizer substance selected from water-soluble salts, the salts are soluble in water.

13. . The use of a substance or composition to treat a plant disease and to fertilize a plant, characterized in that the substance or composition comprises a vehicle and oxi-fulvic acid as an active treatment agent, the vehicle comprising a liquid fertilizer and a liquid fertilizer mix, the liquid fertilizer is made by preparing an extract of a natural organic fertilizer material and combining the extract with a fertilizer substance selected from water-soluble salts and mixtures of water soluble salts and the liquid fertilizer mixture is prepared combining at least two liquid fertilizers, each is made by preparing an extract of a natural organic fertilizer material and combining the extract with a fertilizer substance selected from water-soluble salts and mixtures of water-soluble salts.

14. The use of a substance or composition for preparing a treatment agent for treating a plant disease and fertilizing a plant, characterized in that the substance or composition comprises a vehicle and oxi-fulvic acid as an active treatment agent, the vehicle comprising a liquid fertilizer and a liquid fertilizer mixture, the liquid fertilizer is made by preparing an extract by preparing a natural organic fertilizer material and combining the extract with a fertilizer substance selected from water-soluble salts and mixtures of water-soluble salts and the liquid fertilizer mixture is prepared by combining at least two liquid fertilizers, each one is made by preparing an extract of a natural organic fertilizer material and combining the extract with a fertilizer substance selected from water-soluble salts and mixtures of soluble salts in water.

15. A prophylactic method to treat diseases of. plant and fertilize a plant, characterized in that the method includes the step selected to apply directly to a plant and apply to the soil around a plant a substance or composition that includes a vehicle and oxy-fulvic acid, as the active treatment agent, the vehicle comprising a liquid fertilizer and a liquid fertilizer mixture, the liquid fertilizer is made by preparing an extract by preparing a natural organic fertilizer material and combining the extract with a fertilizer substance selected from water-soluble salts and mixtures of water-soluble salts and the liquid fertilizer mixture is prepared by combining "at least two liquid fertilizers, each one is prepared by making an extract of a natural organic fertilizer material and combining the extract with a fertilizer substance selected from water-soluble salts and mixture of water soluble salts.

16. A method to fertilize a plant, characterized in that the method includes the step of applying to a plant a fertilizer that includes oxi-fulvic acid, the fertilizer comprising a water fertilizer and a liquid fertilizer mixture, the liquid fertilizer is made by preparing an extract from an natural organic fertilizer material and combining the extract with a fertilizer substance selected from water-soluble salts and mixtures of water-soluble salts and the liquid fertilizer mixture is prepared by combining at least two liquid fertilizers, each one is made by preparing a liquid fertilizer. extract of a natural organic fertilizer material and combining the extra-cto with a fertilizer substance selected from water-soluble salts and mixtures of water-soluble salts. Í7.

A method for making a substance or composition for fertilizing a plant, characterized in that the method includes the step of combining oxi-fulvic acid and a fertilizer, the fertilizer is selected from a liquid fertilizer and a liquid fertilizer mixture, the liquid fertilizer is It makes preparing by preparing an extract of a natural organic fertilizer material and combining the extract with a fertilizer substance selected from water-soluble salts and mixtures of water-soluble salts and the liquid fertilizer mixture is prepared by combining at least two liquid fertilizers, each is made by preparing an extract of a natural organic fertilizer material and combining the extract with a fertilizer substance selected from water-soluble salts and mixtures of water-soluble salts.

18. A substance or composition for fertilizing a plant, characterized in that the substance or composition includes a fertilizer and oxi-fulvic acid, the fertilizer is selected from a liquid fertilizer and a liquid fertilizer mixture, the liquid fertilizer is made by preparing by preparing a liquid fertilizer. extract of a natural organic fertilizer material and combining the extract with a fertilizer substance selected from water-soluble salts and mixtures of water soluble salts, the liquid fertilizer mixture is prepared by combining at least two liquid fertilizers, each one is made by preparing the Preparation of an extract of a natural organic fertilizer material and combining the extract with a fertilizer substance selected from water-soluble salts and mixtures of water-soluble salts.

19. The use of a substance or composition to fertilize a plant, characterized in that the substance or composition includes a fertilizer and oxi-fulvic acid, the fertilizer is selected from a liquid fertilizer and a liquid fertilizer mixture, the liquid fertilizer is made by preparing the preparation of an extract of a natural organic fertilizer material and combining the extract with a fertilizer substance selected from water-soluble salts and mixtures of water-soluble salts, and the liquid fertilizer mixture # is prepared by combining at least two liquid fertilizers, each one is made by preparing an extract of a natural organic fertilizer material and combining the extract with a fertilizer substance selected from water-soluble salts and mixtures of water-soluble salts.

20. The use of a substance or composition to prepare a fertilizer to fertilize plants, characterized in that the substance or composition includes a fertilizer material and oxi-fulvic acid, the fertilizer material is selected from a liquid fertilizer and a liquid fertilizer mixture, the liquid fertilizer It is made by preparing an extract of a natural organic fertilizer material and combining the extract with a fertilizer substance selected from water-soluble salts and mixtures of water-soluble salts and the liquid fertilizer mixture is prepared by combining at least two liquid fertilizers , each is made by preparing an extract of a natural organic fertilizer material and combining the extract with a fertilizer substance selected from water soluble salts and mixtures of water soluble salts.