MXPA98007583A - Catalytic converter for a tube of exhaustation that includes an apparatus to reduce the backpack - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an exhaust system of a vehicle having an exhaust pipe connected to a main exhaust pipe in the exhaust pipe, and a catalytic converter to exhaust pipe, to be installed in the exhaust pipe, the exhaust tube has an open end, characterized in that it comprises: a) a main catalytic converter placed in the exhaust pipe, a catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe which includes a housing having an outer wall and an internal core of catalytic material placed in the housing, to chemically reduce polluting gaseous emissions, the catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe has an inner end and an outer end, b) the catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe is placed inside the exhaust pipe, where the outer end is adjacent to the open end of the tube exhaust) c) means for rigidly attaching the catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe to the exhaust pipe, and d) means for discharging the back pressure inside the exhaust pipe between the main catalytic converter and the catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe, partially deviated the exhaust gases to avoid the inner core when the exhaust pressure at the inner end of the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube is increased above a predetermined pressure level, the means for discharging the back pressure are located at the inner end of the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube, wherein the means for discharging the back pressure within the exhaust tube include valve means selected from the group consisting of a purge valve, a check valve and a pressure relief valve; and where the valve means maintain the co pressure inside the exhaust tube to a level greater than 5.08 centimeters of water (2 inches of water) and below 17.78 centimeters of water (7 inches of water)

Description

* CATALYTIC CONVERTER FOR A TUBE OF EXHAUSTATION THAT INCLUDES AN APPARATUS TO REDUCE THE CONTRAPRESSION FIELD OF THE INVENTION 5 This invention relates to a catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe, for the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, and in particular, the catalytic converter is located at the open end of the exhaust pipe. exhaust to further reduce the emissions of the emission systems of a standard vehicle.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Exhaust emission gases generated by the internal combustion engines found in automobiles, trucks, vans, and motorcycles are # expelled through a standard exhaust system. The standard exhaust system typically includes small diameter exhaust tubes, which extend from the manifold of the engine block to a catalytic converter; the catalytic converter is connected to a silencing device by means of a small connecting exhaust pipe; and an extended exhaust tube which is connected to the remote end of the muffler, the exhaust tube has an open end to expel the emission gases into the atmosphere. In recent years, emission standards for vehicles issued by federal and state governments, 5 have become increasingly stringent, so catalytic converters are required for exhaust systems that remove unburned hydrocarbons from exhaust gases . Catalytic converters are found in a variety of designs, but typically have a precious metal catalyst, such as platinum, palladium and / or rhodium, all laminated on alumina or on a substrate of extruded ceramics. The designs of the catalytic converter are typically simple housings containing catalytic granules of alumina and, in some cases, have more complex containment systems, : jffc including honeycomb or tortuous passages containing a catalytic substrate. In all cases, the catalytic converter acts as an oxidant of the hydrocarbon emissions, which reduces the pollutants emitted towards the atmosphere. Due to the stricter standards, there is a need for an improved emissions exhaust system, which further reduces hydrocarbon emissions, to comply with the new federal vehicle standards and state levels for NOx, HC, CO, and NMHC emission levels.

None of the methods for reducing emissions of prior art vehicles developed to meet the new federal and state emissions guidelines describes a catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe disposed at or at the open end of the exhaust pipe.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE For many years, in the prior art they have catalytic converters of various designs and composite construction for vehicles have been described. For example, US Patent No. 3,492,098 to DePalma et al, discloses a catalytic device having spherical discs, with the active catalyst located between multiple of the engine and the silencer and / or in the section of the exhaust pipe. U.S. Patent Nos. 3,771,967 and 3,861,981 to No a, describe a pinned catalyst element located between the exhaust system of the engine manifold and the muffler. The US Patent No. 3,905,775 to Sowards et al, discloses a pinned, catalytic, cylindrical module located between the exhaust system of the engine manifold and the silencer. U.S. Patent No. 5,110,561 to Hitachi et al, describes a device pinned core catalyst, which is located ^^ generally installed at an intermediate point of an exhaust pipe. These patents mentioned above, do not describe placing the catalytic converter at the open end of the exhaust tube, as in the present invention, to further reduce exhaust emissions. U.S. Patent No. 4,530,418 to Currie, discloses an improved catalytic exhaust system, the f > which uses the entire length of the system from the multiple of exhaust from the engine, to the end of the exhaust tube opening. This system could replace the standard catalytic converter and the automotive muffler and perform the essential functions of eliminating noise and converting unburned hydrocarbons. The patent US No. 4,920,746 to Gebelius describes a system 'Catalytic exhaust drain, which uses the entire length of the exhaust system from the exhaust manifold of the engine to the end of the exhaust pipe. This system would also replace the catalytic converters and standard silencers in cars. U.S. Patent No. 5,218,817, discloses a silencer 2, which has a catalyst 16 placed therein. U.S. Patent No. 4,020,539 describes a catalytic reactor having an inlet and an outlet. These patents do not describe a catalytic converter placed in, or in the end section of the exhaust tube, as in the present invention. German Patent No. DE3518756A1, describes a catalytic converter that must be placed in the exhaust system, at the junction of the silencer to the exhaust system. This patent does not disclose a catalytic converter adjacent to the open end of the exhaust tube, as in the present invention. r ^! ^ * Accordingly, an objective of this The invention is to provide a catalytic converter placed at, or at the end of, the exhaust pipe to further reduce emissions of exhaust gases, to meet federal and state emission standards. Another object of the present invention is provide a catalytic converter placed at, or at the end of the exhaust pipe, which is easy and simple to connect to the end of an exhaust pipe by mounting fasteners, hose clamps, muffler fasteners, compression devices, hose clamps, assembly, mounting screws, welding, crimps, or the like. Another object of the present invention is to provide a catalytic converter that can be mounted internally at the open end of the exhaust tube, or as an extension to the end of the exhaust tube.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a catalytic converter, which in operational use, operates without reduction or loss of the power of a vehicle. Another object of the present invention is to provide a catalytic converter, which in operational use, provides substantially cleaner air emissions, for a vehicle having the catalytic converter installed for the exhaust pipe of the present invention. Another object of the present invention is to provide a catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe, which has a back pressure relief valve which maintains the back pressure of the exhaust system. emission at a predetermined level. Another object of the present invention is to provide a catalytic converter for an exhaust tube, which has a back pressure relief valve which allows the excess back pressure to be diverted from the catalytic converter of the exhaust tube and avoid the inner core, to maintain the efficiency of the system. Another object of the present invention is to provide a catalytic converter for a tube of exhaust, which has a back pressure relief valve that is in the form of a purge valve, or a miniature check valve, or a miniature pressure relief valve, to reduce any buildup of pressure within the emission system on the inner side of the catalytic converter of the exhaust pipe, to maintain the efficiency of the system. A further object of the present invention is to provide a catalytic converter for a tube of # Exhaust that is changed only every 80,00010 kilometers to 160,000 miles (50,000 to 100,000 miles) of continuous use. A further object of the present invention is to provide a catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe, which can be mass produced in a form automated and economical, and that it is relatively cheap and long-lasting.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a catalytic converter 20 for an exhaust pipe, which further reduces exhaust emissions from vehicle exhaust emission systems, and which will meet the most stringent emission requirements of vehicles. the regulations of the state and federal governments. The catalytic converter 25 for an exhaust tube comprises a relatively small size ceramic or steel housing, which has a diameter in the range of 1.27 centimeters to 20.32 centimeters (1/2 inch to 8 inches), and a length of 1.90 centimeters to 27.94 centimeters (3/4 of an inch to 11 inches). The housing includes a matrix core of stratified catalytic materials, which react with exhaust emission pollutants, such as NOx, NMHC, HC, and CO. These contaminants are further reduced and oxidized by the catalytic converter in the exhaust tube, by catalytic materials typical of platinum, palladium, rhodium, or the like contained within the honeycomb or tortuous layers of the matrix core. The catalytic converter is housed within the interior of the exhaust tube, adjacent to the open end or as an extension to the end of the exhaust tube. The catalytic converter of the exhaust tube is held in place by any suitable means, such as a fastener, mounting screws, mounting brackets or the like. The converter includes a device to discharge the back pressure. Also, the catalytic converter for the exhaust pipe can be used for other vehicles, such as trucks and motorcycles or other gas compression engines, for example, grass mowers.

Empirical data (shown below) have been obtained on the different vehicles, with and without a catalytic converter in the exhaust pipe, to show the advantages of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The objects, characteristics and additional advantages of the present invention will be evident after considering the detailed description of the preferred modalities until now, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a plan view of the bottom of a standard vehicle exhaust system, which incorporates the catalytic converter placed in the exhaust tube of the present invention; FIG. 1A is a plan view of the lower part of a standard vehicle exhaust system, which incorporates the catalytic converter with a device to discharge the back pressure in the exhaust pipe.

Exhaustion of the present invention; Figure 2 is a perspective view of the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube, which has a honeycomb matrix; Figure 3 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe, positioned within the section of the exhaust pipe; Figure 4 shows the third embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 shows the fourth embodiment of the present invention; 'Figure 6 shows the fifth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 shows the sixth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 shows the seventh embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 shows the eighth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 shows the ninth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 shows the tenth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 shows the eleventh embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 shows the twelfth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 shows the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 shows the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention; and Figure 16 shows the cross-sectional view of the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED MODALITIES One embodiment of the present invention provides a catalytic converter 30, placed inside a section of the exhaust tube 22, as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3. Figure 1 shows a standard and conventional exhaust system 10, for a typical motor vehicle. This exhaust system 10 comprises a exhaust manifold conduit 14 connected to an internal combustion engine jjMk 12, and a manifold conduit 14, which is also connected to the primary catalytic converter 16, which has an exhaust pipe 18. Exhaust pipe 18 is found connected to a muffler , and an elongated exhaust tube 22. The catalytic converter of the exhaust tube 30 is located within the open end of the exhaust tube 22, adjacent to the opening 28, as described in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings. The 30th end of the catalytic converter 30 is preferably separated approximately 2.54 centimeters (1 inch) from the opening of the exhaust tube 28, but can be separated up to 15.24 centimeters (6 inches) from the opening 28. The primary catalytic converter 16 is maintained instead by mounting fasteners 24, the muffler 20 is held in place by mounting fasteners 26, and the catalytic converter. Exhaust tube 30 is - held in place by means of a mounting bracket 38, for the exhaust system 10. The catalytic converter of the exhaust tube 30, as described in Figures 2 and 3, is of a generally conventional construction and includes a cylindrical housing 32, which has a matrix core 34. of stratified catalytic material 36, which reacts with the gaseous pollutants of the emission, such as the ? r THC, NOx, NMHC and CO. Housing 32 is made of ceramic, steel, stainless steel, chrome, or other suitable materials. The core matrix 34 is made of designs of tortuous, honeycomb or other types of passages suitable for containing the stratified catalyst materials 36. The stratified catalyst materials 36 have a precious metal catalyst contained therein. The typical catalysts used are platinum, palladium, rhodium, and / or nickel. The housing 32 of the catalytic converter 30 is typically designed so that the outer diameter is of a size rather close to the inner diameter of the exhaust tube 22. The diameter size can be in the range of 1.27 centimeters to 20.32 centimeters (1/2 inch to 8 inches), and housing 32 can have a length of 1.90 centimeters to 27.94 centimeters (3/4 of an inch to 11 inches), depending on the application, such as in a car, truck, motorcycle, lawn mower ft. and / or generator of the type of gasoline. 10 The preferred specification of the matrix core 34, includes a diameter that fits the exhaust tube of 4.44 centimeters (1-3 / 4 inches), and a length of 4.44 centimeters (1-3 / 4 inches), and has an interval of 200 to 700 cells per 6.45 square centimeters (200 to 700 cells per square inch). Typically, two, three or four such matrix cores 34 are stacked together, to constitute the catalytic converter 30, with a preferred length of 15.24 centimeters (6 inches). The matrix core 34 is coated with approximately one 12% alumina (weight to weight), and has 36 palladium and platinum stratified catalytic materials in the range of 1.06 x 10 ~ 3 to 1.76 x 10"3 grams per cubic centimeter (30 to 50 grams per cubic foot) with a ratio of palladium to platinum in the range of 2: 1 to 6: 1.

The catalytic converter 30 is held in place in the exhaust tube 22 by a suitable mounting fastener 38, as described in Figures 1 to 3. This can also be maintained securely by other suitable means, such as fasteners. hose, muffler fasteners, compression devices, mounting brackets, mounting screws, welding, crimps and the like. Figure 3 shows a second mode in the The catalytic converter 30 is located approximately 15.24 cm (6 inches) from the open end 28. The catalytic converter 30 is held in the same manner, as discussed above for the first embodiment. In operation, the catalytic converter 30 reaches a temperature of about 260 ° C (500 ° F) to burn the contaminants, before they are expelled into the atmosphere. The present invention has been tested in different vehicle exhaust systems 10, such as a Mazda Miata 1990, a Ford Bronco 1991, and a Dodge Intrepid 1993. In those tests, the catalytic converter for the exhaust tube 30, had a housing 32, which measured 15.24 cm (6 inches) in length and had a diameter of 5.08 cm (2 inches), which closely approximates the internal diameter of the exhaust tube 22. The catalytic converter 30 was installed in the exhaust tube 22, and was placed and held with the 30th end, approximately 2.54 cm (1 inch) the aperture 28. The test results were tabulated below in Tables 1 to 4 and showed a substantial reduction in exhaust emissions, when the catalytic converter for the exhaust tube 30 was mounted at the end of the exhaust tube 22, as shown in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings. The test results also show that there were no adverse effects on the gas mileage when the 30 catalytic converter was used.

Table 1 Mazda Miata 1990 Vehicle MI ATA Test With / TYPE OF TEST I / M-240 No. Without THC CO NOx C02 NMHC MPG Date 2488 SIN 0.099 1.511 1.388 309.552 0.07 28.4 11/9/94 (0.06) (0.94) (0.86) ) (192.38) (0.04) (17.65) 2490 WITHOUT 0.126 1.73 1.544 311.985 0.086 28.14 11/9/94 (0.08) (1.08) (0.95) (193.90) (0.05) (17.49) 2492 WITH 0.067 1.219 1.33 314.649 0.04 27.99 11 / 9/94 (0.04) (0.75) (0.82) (195.55) (0.02) (17.40) 2495 SIN 0.141 2.007 1.497 309.46 0.106 28.33 11/9/94 (0.08) (1.24) (0.93) (192.33) (0.07) (17.61) 2496 SIN 0.121 1.645 1.509 314.339 0.08 27.95 11/9/94 (0.07) (1.02) (0.93) (195.36) (0.05) (17.37)% of 44.9692 29.26157 10.40754 -1.06477 53.21637 0.762276 REDUCTION HOT 505 2497 SIN 0.141 1.704 1.285 308.281 0.105 28.48 11/10/94 (0.09) (1.06) (0.79) (191.60) (0.06) (17.70) 2498 SIN 0.142 2.043 1.331 314.004 0.103 27.92 11/10/94 (0.09) ( 1.26) (0.82) (195.15) (0.06) (17.35) 2499 SIN 0.174 1.858 1.372 308.207 0.134 28.45 11/10/94 (0.11) (1.15) (0.86) (191.55) (0.08) (17.68) 2509 CON 0.061 1.07 0.595 306.198 0.031 28.64 11/10/94 (0.04) (0.66) (0.40) (190.30) (0.02) (17.79) 2510 CON 0.096 1.335 0.731 309.498 0.061 28.29 11/10/94 (0.06) (0.83) (0.45) (192.35) ) (0.04) (17.58) 2511 CON 0.059 0.811 0.811 305.571 0.03 28.84 11/10/94 (0.04) (0.50) (0.50) (189.91) (0.02) (17.92) 2512 CON 0.06 1.064 0.84 306.839 0.034 28.58 11/10 / 94 (0.04) (0.66) (0.52) (190.70) (0.02) (17.76)% of 54.7046 42.72971 44.01329 1.011562 65.78947 -1.07543 REDUCTION HMWGET 2501 SIN 0.04 0.46 1.251 256.664 0.027 34.44 11/10/94 (0.02) (0.29) (0.78) (159.51) (0.02) (21.40) 2503 INS 0.039 0.23 1.524 277.761 0.026 31.88 11/10/94 (0.02) (0.14) ) (0.95) (172.63) (0.01) (19.81) 2504 INS 0.035 0.514 1.223 256.556 0.022 34.44 11/10/94 (0.02) (0.32) (0.76) (159.45) (0.01) (21.40) 10 2505 CON 0.029 0.181 1.081 255.082 0.019 .34.71 11/10/94 (0.02) (0.11) (0.67) (158.53) (0.01) (21.57) 2507 CON 0.029 0.124 1.194 256.055 0.018 34.59 11/10/94 (0.02) (0.08) (0.74) ( 159.14) (0.01) (21.49)% of 21.05263 62.00166 14.64482 3.069037 26 -3.16594 REDUCTION * (grams per kilometer) Table 2 Ford Bronco 1991 20 Vehícu. The BRONCO Test With / TYPE OF TEST I / M-240 No. Without THC CO NOx C02 NMHC MPG 2477 WITH 0.248 2.382 2.268 524.732 0.172 16.76 (0.15) (1.48) (1.41) (326.12) (0.11) (10.41) 2478 WITH 0.301 3.623 1.902 524.163 0.216 16.71 (0.19) (2.25) (1.18) (325.77) (0.13) (10.38) 2479 0.479 11.372 1.701 521.147 0.365 16.41 (0.30) (7.06) (1.05) (323.89) (0.22) (10.19) 2480 0.31 2.801 1.892 535.879 0.236 16.38 (0.19) (1.74) (1.17) (333.05) (0.14) (10.18) 2481 SIN 0.43 6.768 1.98 573.886 0.318 15.14 (0.26) (4.20) (1.23) (356.67) (0.19) (9.41) 2482 SIN 0.457 11.557 1.965 557.284 0.345 15.37 (0.28) (7.18) (1.22) (346.35) (0.21) (9.55) 2483 SIN 0.512 11.795 1.866 573.85 0.393 14.93 (0.32) (7.33) (1.16) (356.65) (0.24) (9.28) 2484 SIN 0.531 11.604 1.993 573.708 0.397 14.94 (0.33) (7.21) (1.23) (356.56) (0.24) (9.28) 2485 WITH 0.367 6.164 1.744 529.409 0.257 16.41 (0.23) (3.83) (1.08) (329.02) (0.16) (10.19) 2486 WITH 0.404 7.096 1.728 530.284 0.29 16.34 (0.25) (4.41) (1.07) (329.57) (0.18) (10.15) 2487 NO 0.438 8.136 1.054 576.438 0.334 15.01 (0.27) (5.05) (0.65) (358.25) (0.21) ( 9.33) * (grams per kilometer) Table 3 Ford Dodge Intrepid 1993 VIN 2B3ED46TXPH558688 All units are in Gram s / Mi li Odometer of approximately 164118 kilometers (102000 miles) Type of Test-FTP (Federal Test Procedure) With Exhaust Pipe Catalyst Test No. THC CO NOx C02 NMHC MPG 2882 0.407 3. 422 0.355 345.276 0.358 25.23 (0.25) (2.12) (0.22) (214.58) (0.22) (15.68) 2886 0.387 3. 902 0.357 344.835"0.338 25.21 (0.24) (2.42) (0.22) (214.31) (0.21) (15.66) 2889 0.394 3 .022 0.378 337.576 0.353 25.84 (0.24) (1.87) (0.23) (209.80) (0.22) (16.05) 2893 0.401 3.333 .0.396 344.287 0.354 25.31 (0.25) (2 .07) (0.24) (213.97) (0.22) (15.73) 2894 0.386 3.167 0.372 349.412 0.340 24.97 (0.24) (1. 96) (0.23) (217.16) (0.21) (15.52) AVERAGE 0.395 3.369 0.372 344.277 0.349 25.31 (0.24) (2.09) (0.23) (213.96) (0.22) (15.73) Basal Without Device 2872 0.448 3. 813 0.460 439.263 0.398 19.88 (0.28) (2.37) (0.28) (273.00) (0.24) (12.35) 2900 0.466 3.265 0.628 444.114 0.412 19.70 (0.29) (2.03) (0.39) (276.02) ( 0.25) (12.25) 2901 0.448 3.560 0.571 442.133 0.396 19.77 (0.28) (2.21) (0.35) (274.78) (0.24) (12.28) AVERAGE 0.487 3.697 0.559 440.015 0.433 19.85 (0.30) (2.29) (0.34) (273.47) ( 0.27) (12.33)% of 18.93279 8.854322 18.69 21.75776 19.39884 -27.5164 REDUCTION f ^ P ~ * (grams per kilometer) 10 Table 4 Mazda Miata 1990 VIN JM1NA3515L0105501 Odometer of approximately 32, 600 miles 15 Basal Without Device 2803 0.322 3.104 0.744 332.781 0.293 26.22 (0.20) (1.93) (0.46) (206.82) (0.18) (16.29) With Device 2819 0.262 2.536 0.564 321.179 0.229 27.24 20 (0.16) (1.579) (0.35) (199.61) (0.14) (16.92) % of 18.63354 18.29897 24.19355 3.486377 21.843 -3.89016 REDUCTION * (grams per kilometer) DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE THIRD METHOD 100 The third embodiment 100 of the catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe is described in Figure 4 of the drawings. The third embodiment 100 includes a catalytic converter for an exhaust tube 130, which is the same as that of the first catalytic converter embodiment 30, except for the basket type housing 131 which contains a central housing 132 having a core * matrix 134. End 138 of housing 131 is slightly conical, having a neck section 140 to fit the open end 28 'of the exhaust tube 22'. The housing 131 of the catalytic converter 130 is secured to the exhaust tube 22 'by means of the fastener 38', a crimping, welding or other devices assurance mentioned above. The physical specifications for the housing 131 are generally comparable to those of the exhaust tube 22 '. The diameter is in the range of 1.90 cm (3/4 inch) to 20.32 cm (8 inches) and the length total is in the range of 1.90 cm (3/4 inch) to 27.94 cm (11 inches), with a preferred diameter of 5.08 cm (2 inches) to 10.16 cm (4 inches) and a preferred length of 12.7 cm ( 5 inches) to 15.24 cm (6 inches). The housing 131 has a slightly conical end 138, which has a diameter of less than 5.08 cm (2 inches) and a neck length of approximately 5.08 cm (2 inches), to fit the portion of the neck 140 into the opening of the exhaust tube 28 'of the exhaust tube 22', for an appropriate fit. The preferred physical specification for the central housing 132 having the matrix core 134, is a diameter of 4.44 cm (1 3/4 inches) and a length of 15.24 cm (6 inches).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE FOURTH MODE 200 The fourth embodiment 200 of the catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe 230 is described in Figure 5 of the drawings. The fourth embodiment 200 includes a catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe 230, which is the same as the catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe 130, except for the number and spacing of central housings 132 and matrix cores 134 within the exhaust pipe. 22 '. The catalytic converter 230 has three separate central housings 232, each of which has a length of 5.08 cm (2 inches) and each of which has a matrix core 234. A metal separation collar of 2.54 cm (one inch) (1") 236 has an annular shape and separates each matrix core 234, as shown in Figure 5. The two separation collars 236 allow to reduce the back pressure caused by the catalytic converter 230. Preferably, the # separation collar 236 has a diameter of 4.44 cm (1 3/4 inches) and a length of 2.54 cm (1 inch) In addition, the air space 238 between each matrix core 234 allows the additional catalytic conversion of the exhaust gases in each core Matrix 234. When the exhaust gases pass through each matrix core 234, from a subsequent air gap 238, the catalytic conversion process takes place each time. can be secured in place by a mounting bracket 38 'or other suitable means, such as hose clips, muffler clips, compression devices, mounting brackets, mounting screws, welding, crimps or the like. The physical specifications for the 230 catalytic converter inside the exhaust tube 22 ', are preferably a diameter of 5.08 cm (2 inches) and a total length of 20.32 cm (8 inches), including the two separation collars 236. However, the length may vary from 6.35 cm (2 1/2 inches) to 27.94 cm (11 inches). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE FIFTH MODE 300 The fifth mode 300 of the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube 330 is described in Figure 6 of the drawings. The fifth modality 300 includes a catalytic converter for an exhaust tube 330, which is the same as that of the fourth embodiment 200 of the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube 230, except for the basket type housing 331 which contains three separate central housings 332, each of which has a matrix core 334, and a separation collar 336 between them. The housing 331 has at one end, a slightly conical end 338 and a section of - neck 340 to be placed by sliding on the tube \ exhausted 22 '. The housing 331 can be secured to the exhaust tube 22 'by the fastener 38' or by a crimp, weld or any of the other securing devices mentioned above. The physical specifications for the converter 330 with a diameter of 5,842 cm (2.3 inches) and a total length of 5.08 cm to 20.32 cm (2 to 8 inches). Accommodation 331 has a total length of 33.02 cm (13 inches) and a slightly tapered end 338, which has a diameter of less than 5.08 cm (2 inches). The neck length 340 is 5.08 cm (2 inches) to insert the neck portion 340 in the opening of the exhaust tube 28 'of the exhaust tube 22', for an appropriate fit.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE SIXTH MODE 400 The sixth embodiment 400 of the catalytic converter 25 for an exhaust pipe 430 is described in Figure 7 of the drawings. The sixth embodiment 400 includes a catalytic converter for an exhaust tube 430, which is the same as that of the fifth embodiment 300 of the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube 330, except for a housing of the larger-sized basket type 431 , which has central housings 432 and larger diameter matrix cores 434 and larger diameter separation collars 436. The housing 431 has at one end a tapered end 438 with a neck portion 440 for is inserted into the exhaust tube 22. "The catalytic converter housing 431 has four central housings 432, which have matrix cores 434 and metal separation collars of 2.54 cm (one inch) (1") of length 436, separating each matrix core 434, as shows in Figure 7. The housing 431 is secured to the exhaust tube 22"by means of the fastener 38", welding, a crimp, or the like. The design of the housing 431 ensures that there is an adequate exhaust gas flow without back pressure occurring when the Catalytic converter 430 is attached to the exhaust tube 22"The physical specifications for basket lift 431 are a diameter of 5,842 cm (2.3 inches) and a length of 33.02 cm (13 inches). a conical end 438, having a diameter of less than 5.08 ^^ r cm (2 inches) and a neck length of 5.08 cm (2 inches) to insert the neck portion 440 into the exhaust tube 22", for an appropriate fit The physical specifications for each housing 432 having a matrix core 434, are a diameter of 5,842 cm (2.3 inches) by 5.08 cm (2 inches) in length.The physical specification for each separation collar 436 is a diameter of 5.842 cm (2.3 inches) by 2.54 cm (1 ^ inch) in length.Thus, the converter 430 has a total length of 27.94 cm (11 inches). This mode was tested in a 1989 Jeep Wrangler. In those tests, the 432 housings and the 434 dies had lengths of 5.08, 10.16, 15.24 and 20.32 cm (2, 4, 6 and 8 inches) and were tested at speeds of 88,495 kph (55 mph) and 48.27 kph (30 mph). The test results are tabulated below in Table 5. The matrix core 434 in the Jeep Wrangler was coated with alumina at approximately 12% (weight by weight), and had a catalytic layer laminate substrate coating 435 of platinum and rhodium, of approximately 1.7655x1O-3 grams per cubic centimeter (50 grams per cubic foot), with a platinum to rhodium ratio of 5: 1. This is a low ignition type catalyst, which achieves ignition at 204.44 ° C (400 ° F), instead of 482.22 ° C (900 ° F), to further increase the efficiency of the catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe of the present invention, as shown in Table 5.

Table 5 Formulation study in a 1989 Jeep Wrangler Formula = 5: 1 ratio of platinum to rhodium coated at 1.7655x10 ~ 3 grams per cubic centimeter (50 grams per cubic foot). # These are steady state tests @ 88,495 10 kph (55 mph) and 48.27 kph (30 mph). The% of reductions were based on the final baseline test. VIN 2J4FY19E1KJ157111 Mileage 30379.093 (Mileage 18877) Date February 14, 1996 15 Ambient conditions Baro THC CO Nox C02 NMHC Temp. Dry Temp. Humid 746.2 17.71 10.1 0.07 0.046 8.3 70 68 (11.0) (6.27) (0.04) (0.03) (5.15) (43.50) (42.26) Basal @ 88,495 kph (55 mph) on the fifth gear. 42-49 111-123 16-20 1921 16-17 (26.1-30.4) (68.9-76.4) (9.94-12.4) (1.2) (9.94-10.6) 5.08 cm (2 inches) of installed substrate @ 88,495 kph ( 55 mph). 23-27 34-40 9.0-19.0 1.93 10.1 (14.3-16.8) (21.1-24.9) (5.6-11.8) (1.2) (6.27)% Red. 39% 51.90% 26% 10.16 cm (4 inches) of substrate installed @ 88,495 kph (55 mph). 22-25 32-35 1.9-3.5 1.871 11.3 # (13.67-15.5) (19.88-21.7) (1.2-2.18) (1.16) (7.02) 10% of Red. 42% 56% 85% 15.24 cm (6 inches) of substrate installed @ 88,495 kph (55 mph). 17.9-26 29-35 1.9-2.2 1.82 11.3-13.3 (11.12-16.16) (18-21.75) (1.2-1.4) (1.13) (7-8.26) 15% of Red. 46% 58% 89% 20.32 cm ( 8 inches) of installed substrate @ 88,495 kph (55 mph). 20-25 35-60 1.3-1.5 1.83 13.1 (12.43-15.5) (21.7-37.3) (0.8-0.9) (1.13) (8.14) 20% Red. 45% 38% 92% Basal @ 88.495 kph (55 mph) ). 37-45 69-85 16-22 1.9 13 (2.3-27.96) (42.88-52.8) (9.94-13.7) (1.18) (8.1) Basal @ 48.27 kph (30 mph) on the third gear. 21-23 63-85 4.0-6.0 1034 10.5 (13.05-14.3) (39.1-52.8) (2.48-3.73) (0.64) (6.52) 5.08 cm (2 inches) of substrate installed at 48.27 kph (30 mph). 19-24 27-100 0.9-3.1 0.972 n / r (11.8-14.9) (16.8-62.15) (0.56-1.93) (0.6)% of Network. 15% 36.50% 71% 10.16 cm (4 inches) of installed substrate @ 48.27 kph (30 mph). 18-24 40-55 0.8-1.2 0.939 9.6 (11.2-14.9) (24.8-34.2) (0.5-0.74) (0.58) (5.96)% of Red. 17.60% 52% 86% 15.24 cm (6 inches) of substrate installed at 48.27 kph (30 mph). 17.9-19.1 46.66 0.2-0.9 0.929 n / r (11.1-11.8) (29) (0.12-0.6) (0.57)% Red. 27.50% 46% 93% 20.32 cm (8 inches) of substrate installed at 48.27 kph (30 mph). 15.3-19.2 38.57 0.3-0.5 0.981 n / r (9.5-11.9) (23.97) (0.19-0.31) (0.61) Red%. 32.20% 52% 93% * Basal @ 48.27 kph (30 mph). 24-27 90-110 6.0-8.0 1.14 10.8 (14.9-16.8) (55.9-68.4) (3.7-4.98) (0.70) (6.71) JEEP.XLS 5 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVENTH MODALITY 500 The seventh mode 500 of the catalytic converter ^ for an exhaust tube 530 is described in Figure 8 of the drawings. The seventh modality 500 includes a catalytic converter for an exhaust tube 530, which is the same as that of the sixth embodiment 400 of the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube 430, except for a shorter length of the housing of the basket type 531, which has a single internal central housing 532, to accommodate a single integrated matrix core 534. The design of the housing 531 also ensures that there is a proper exhaust gas flow, without back pressure occurring, because the catalytic converter 530 is attached to the exhaust tube 22". The housing 531 has a diameter of between 0.63 centimeters to 10.16 centimeters (1/4 inch to 4 inches), larger than the inner diameter of the exhaust tube 22", and preferably 1.27 centimeters to 2.54 centimeters ( 1/2 inch to 1 inch) larger than internal diameter of the exhaust tube. The preferred physical specifications for housing 531 are a diameter of 6.98 centimeters (2 3/4 inches) and a length of 30.48 centimeters (12 inches). The housing 531 has a tapered end 538, which has a diameter of less than 5.08 centimeters (2 inches) and a neck length of 5.08 centimeters (2 inches), to insert the neck portion 540 into the exhaust tube 22", for proper adjustment, the 530 converter has a total length of 20.32 centimeters (8 inches).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EIGHT-YEAR MODE 600 The eighth embodiment 600 of the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube 630 is described in Figure 9 of the drawings. The eighth embodiment 600 includes a catalytic converter for an exhaust tube 630 placed in a housing 631, which is the same as that of the sixth embodiment 400, except for the tapered and tapered end 642 with an exhaust opening 644. The end tapered and tapered 642 allows the creation of counterpressure within the housing 631, which generates more heat (+? T) to increase the catalytic conversion of the exhaust gases of the vehicle through the central housings 632, which have matrix cores 634 of the catalytic converter 630. In addition, the tapered and tapered configuration 642 of the > r 631 housing, also reduces noise and becomes an additional vehicle muffler. Physical specifications for accommodation 631, has a total diameter in the range of 5.71 to 6.98 centimeters (2 1/4 to 2 3/4 inches) and a total length in the range of 38.1 to 43.18 centimeters (15 to 17 inches), with a preferred total diameter of 6.35 centimeters (2 1/2 = inches) and a preferred length of 40.64 centimeters (16 p-inches). The housing 631 has a tapered end 638 which has a diameter of less than 5.08 centimeters (2 inches) a neck length of 5.08 centimeters (2 inches), to insert the portion of the neck 640 into the exhaust tube 22", for an appropriate fit The tapered and tapered end 642, it has a length of 5.08 centimeters (2 inches) with an exhaust hole opening 644 with a diameter of 5.08 centimeters (2 inches). The physical specification for each central housing 632 and matrix core 634, has a total diameter of 6.03 centimeters (2 3/8 inches), by 5.08 centimeters (2 inches) in length. The physical specification for the 636 separation collar has a total diameter of 6.03 centimeters (2 3/8 inches) by 2.54 centimeters (1 inch) in length. In this way, the converter 530 has a total length of 27.94 centimeters (11 inches). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE NINE MODE 700 The ninth embodiment 700 of the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube 730 is described in Figure 10 of the drawings. The ninth embodiment 700 includes a catalytic converter for an exhaust tube 730, placed in a basket housing 731, which is the same as the seventh embodiment 500, except for the tapered and tapered end 742, with an exhaust opening 744. The tapered tapered end 742 also allows the back pressure creation 10 within the housing 731, which generates more heat (+ ΔT) to increase the catalytic conversion of the exhaust gases from the vehicle through the single central housing 732, which it has a single internal matrix core 734. In addition, this conical and tapered configuration 742 of housing 731, also reduces noise and becomes an additional vehicle silencer. The physical specifications for housing 731 are a diameter in the range of 5.71 to 6.98 centimeters (2 1/4 to 3 3/4 inches), and a total length in the interval from 33.02 to 38.10 centimeters (13 to 15 inches), with a preferred total diameter of 6.35 centimeters (2 1/2 inches) and a preferred length of 35.56 centimeters (14 inches). The housing 731 has a tapered end 738 that has a diameter of less than 5.08 centimeters (2 inches) and a neck length of 5.08 centimeters (2 inches), to insert the portion of the neck 740 into the exhaust tube 22", for an appropriate fit.The conical and tapered end 742 has a length of 5.08 centimeters (2 inches) and an opening of the exhaust hole 744, with a diameter of 5.08 centimeters (2 inches) The physical specification for the central housing 732 having the matrix core 734, has a total diameter of 6.03 centimeters (2 3/8 inches) by 17.78 centimeters (7 inches) in length.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE TENTH MODE 800 The tenth embodiment 800 of the catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe 830 is described in Figure 11 of the drawings. The tenth embodiment 800 includes a catalytic converter for an exhaust tube 830, which is the same as that of the third embodiment 130, except that it is placed in a housing of the smaller-sized basket type 831, which has a housing central 832 and a matrix core 834 of smaller diameter. This catalytic converter 830 is used for motor scooters, motorcycles, meadows, electric gasoline generators and the like. The housing 831 can slide towards the open end 828 of the exhaust tube 822, and be secured by means of the fastener 836, welding, crimping or the like.

The physical specifications for housing 831 are a total diameter in the range of 1.27 centimeters to 2.54 centimeters (1/2 inch to 1 inch) and a total length in the range of 7.62 to 13.20 centimeters (3 to 5 inches), with a preferred total diameter of 1.90 centimeters (3/4 of an inch) and a preferred length of 10.16 centimeters (4 inches). The housing 831 has a tapered end 838 that has a diameter of less than 1,905 centimeters (3/4 of an inch) and a neck length of 2.54 centimeters (1 inch) to insert the neck portion 840 into the opening of the exhaust tube 828 of the exhaust tube 822, for an appropriate fit. The physical specifications of the matrix core 834 are a total diameter of 1.82 centimeters (23/32 of an inch) per 5.08 centimeters (2 inches) in length.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ONCEAVA MODE 900 The eleventh modality 900 shows a catalytic converter for an exhaust tube 930 in Figure 12 of the drawings, having a central housing 932 and a matrix core 934, placed in a basket type housing 931, which is connected to the exhaust tube 22 via the fastener 936. The matrix core 934 is an electrically heated catalyst, which has included in it, a thermocouple 940 having a sensor 942. The other end of the thermocouple is connected to a computerized, main electronic control unit. Also included in the center of the matrix core 934 is a heating element 950 connected to the basket type housing 931 by a ceramic nut 952. The end 954 is connected to a battery cable (not shown) for heating heating element 950. Electric power is supplied by the vehicle's alternator. • The matrix substrates present begin to work at a temperature of approximately 202.4 ° C (400 ° F), when the exhaust gases reach that temperature. Typically, this takes 3 to 4 minutes, depending on the drive speed. Ignition occurs when the substrate temperature is 202.4 ° C (400 ° F) and is working at an efficiency of 50%. In the present invention, when the electric heating element 950 is energized, the temperature of 202.4 ° C (400 ° F) is reached in about 10 seconds, so that the ignition starts before, and increases further. the efficiency. The thermocouple 940 detects the temperature of the matrix core 934. When the vehicle is started, or at any time when the temperature of the core 934 is less than 202.4 ° C (400 ° F), the thermocouple 940 detects that this The temperature is less than 202.4 ° C (400 ° F), and the heating element 950 is energized immediately, to heat the core 934. When the temperature reaches 229.9 ° C (450 ° F), the On and the thermocouple 940 turns off the heating element 950.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE TWELVE MODE 1000 The twelfth embodiment 1000 shows a catalytic converter for an exhaust tube 1030 in Figure 13 of the drawings. The catalytic converter - for a tube 1030, as described in Figure 13, is of generally conventional construction and includes a cylindrical housing 1032, which has placed therein a matrix core 1034 of stratified catalytic material 1036, which reacts with the emission of gaseous pollutants, such as THC, NOx, NMCH, and CO. The matrix core 1034 has an input side or end 1034a and an output side or end 1034b. Within the matrix core 1034, a small diameter outlet tube 1040 is embedded, which has an inlet end 1042 and an outlet end 1044. A back pressure discharge device 1050 is mounted on the inlet end 1042 and has inlet and outlet openings 1052 and 1054, to discharge any excess back pressure accumulated at the inlet end 1034a.

The device for discharging back pressure 1050 may be in the form of a purge valve, a miniature check valve, a miniature pressure relief valve, or any other suitable devices. In this twelfth embodiment 1000, the back pressure discharge device 1050 is in the form of a purge valve 1050. The purge valve 1050 is always open and is dimensionally designed so that the exhaust gases pass only through the - inlet tube 1060, when the back pressure at the inlet end 1034a of the 1030 catalytic converter exceeds 17.78 inches of water (7 inches of water). If a check valve or pressure relief valve is used, they are normally closed and only open when the back pressure exceeds 17.78 centimeters of water (7 inches of water). There is an additional inlet pipe 1060 connected to the inlet opening 1052 of the pressure discharge device 1050, to receive the exhaust gases to decrease the back pressure of those exhaust gases mentioned above, when the catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe 1030 was placed within the exhaust emission system 10, as shown in Figure IA of the drawings. Using a catalytic converter for an exhaust tube without a device to discharge back pressure within the exhaust emission system 10, it was observed that when an excessive gas back pressure is reached above a predetermined level (greater than 17.78 centimeters of water pressure (seven (7) inches of water pressure), the operation of the exhaust emission system 10 is impeded and the efficiency of the emission system 10 is reduced, as shown in Table 6. When a catalytic converter is used for a Exhaust pipe 1030, which has a device for discharging back pressure 1050, this allows the exhaust gases to flow more evenly without any reduction in the efficiency of the emissions of reduced exhaust gases, as shown in Table 6. Some conditions that cause an increase in back pressure in the exhaust emission system 10 are the strong acceleration n of the motor vehicle, operation with the accelerator very open, a sudden increase in the load of the vehicle (when climbing a hill), and the like. It has also been observed that when the catalytic converter for the exhaust pipe 1030 is in use, the converter 1030 will extend the displacement time of the exhaust gases through the main catalytic converter 16, so that the residence time added to through the main catalytic converter 16, 'further reduces emission of gaseous pollutants from the exhaust emission system 10 during the operational use of the motor vehicle. The back pressure of the exhaust gases should be in the range of 5.08 to 17.78 centimeters of water (2 to 7 inches of water) within the exhaust system 10, for an appropriate efficiency in the reduction of emissions in exhaust gases. The housing 1032 is made of ceramic, steel, stainless steel, chrome or other suitable materials. The The core matrix 1034 is made of tortuous, honeycomb or other passages designs suitable for containing the stratified catalyst substrates 1036. The catalytic layers 1036 have a precious metal catalyst contained therein. Typically the catalysts used are platinum, palladium, rhodium and / or nickel. The housing 1032 of the catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe 1030 is typically dimensioned such that the external diameter is fairly close to the internal diameter of the exhaust pipe 22. The diameter size of housing 1032 may be in the range of 1.27 centimeters to 20.32 centimeters (1/2 inch to 8 inches), and housing 1032 may have a length of 1.90 centimeters to 27.94 centimeters (3/4 of an inch to 11 inches), depending on the application, such as in a automobile, truck, motorcycle, lawn mower, generator ^ 9 of the gasoline type and / or internal combustion engine, stationary. The preferred specification of the matrix core 1Q34 includes a diameter, which is comparable to that of the exhaust pipe 5 of 4.44 centimeters (1-3 / 4 inches) and a length of 4.44 centimeters (1-3 / 4 inches) and which has a range of 200 to 700 cells per 6.45 square centimeters (200 to 700 cells per square inch). Typically, two, three or four such matrix cores 1034 are found stacked together to constitute the catalytic converter for a 1030 exhaust tube, or with a single integrated 1034 matrix core preferred, having a length of 15.24 centimeters (6 inches). The matrix core 1034 is coated with alumina at approximately 12% (weight by weight) and has a palladium and platinum 1036 catalytic laminated substrate coating, in the range of 1.06 x 10 ~ 3 to 1.76 x 10"3 grams per cubic centimeter (30 to 50 grams per cubic foot) with a ratio of palladium to platinum in the range of 2: 1 to 6: 1. The catalytic converter for an exhaust tube 1030 is held in place in the exhaust tube 22 by a suitable mounting clip 38, as described in Figures 1A, and 13. It can also be maintained in an assured manner by other suitable means, such as hose fasteners, muffler fasteners, compression devices, mounting brackets, mounting screws, welding, a crimp and the like.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF TRECEAVA MODE 1100 The thirteenth mode 1100 of the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube 1130 is described in detail in Figure 14 of the drawings. The catalytic converter for an exhaust tube 1130 includes a basket-like housing of large size 1131, having a central housing of larger diameter 1132, having a single matrix core 1134 of the stratified catalyst material 1132 (as described in the twelfth modality). The housing 1131 has an inlet opening 1138, a conical end 1140 with a neck portion 1142, to be slidably inserted in the end opening 28 of the exhaust tube section 22; and at the outlet opening 1144 a tapered end 1146 with a neck portion 1148, for the discharge of the exhaust gases to the atmosphere. In addition, the housing 1131 on the side of the inlet opening 1138, as shown in Figure 14 of the drawings, includes a circular orifice opening 1150 for receiving an L-shaped inlet tube 1152, having a section of output 1154 to receive the back pressure discharge device 1050 '.

The back pressure discharge device 1050 'may be in the form of a purge valve, a miniature check valve, a miniature pressure relief valve, or any other suitable devices. In this thirteenth mode 1100, the counter-discharge discharge device is in the form of a miniature check valve 1050 '. The check valve 1050 'is in the closed position and only opens to release exhaust gas access when the back pressure at the inlet opening 1152a of the L-shaped inlet tube 1152 exceeds 17.78 cm (7 inches) ) of water back pressure. If a purge valve is used, the valve is always open and designed in such a size that excess exhaust gases pass only through it when the back pressure exceeds 7 inches of water. If a pressure relief valve is used, the valve is normally closed and only opens when the back pressure exceeds 17.78 cm (7 inches) > of water. The check valve 1050 'includes an inlet opening 1052' and an outlet opening 1054 ', so that the inlet opening 1052' is connected to the outlet section 1154 of the L-shaped tube 1152, and the outlet opening 1054 'is connected to an outlet pipe 1156, to discharge the excess back pressure, within the exhaust emissions system 10 to the # atmosphere. The housing 1131 is secured to the section of the external opening 28 of the section of the exhaust tube 22 by means of fasteners 38, welding, a crimp or the like. In addition, the conical and tapered configuration of the housing 1131 also reduces noise and becomes an additional vehicle silencer. The physical specifications for housing 1131, have a total diameter in the range of 8.89 cm (3 tf 1/2 inches) to 11.43 cm (4 1/2 inches) and a length total in the range of 7.62 cm (3 inches) to 38.1 cm (15 inches), with a preferred total diameter of 10.48 cm (4 1/8 inches) and a preferred length of 10.16 cm (4 inches). The housing 1131 has inlet and outlet openings 1138 and 1144 of tapered ends 1140 and 1146, which have a diameter of less than 5.08 cm (2 inches) to insert the neck portion 1142 into the open end 28 of the section of the exhaust tube 22, for a proper fit. The physical specification for the central housing 1132 that has a matrix core 1134, has a total diameter of 10.16 cm (4 inches) by 10.16 cm (4 inches) in length.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE CATORCEAVA MODE 1200 The fourteenth embodiment 1200 of the catalytic converter 25 for an exhaust tube 1230 is described in detail in Figures 15 and 16 of the drawings. The catalytic converter for an exhaust tube 1230 includes a housing of the large-sized basket type 1231, which has a central housing of diameter in size large 1232 having a single integrated matrix core 1234 of stratified catalytic material 1236 (as described in the twelfth embodiment). Accommodation 1231 has in the -. entry opening 1238, a conical end 1240 with a ? - neck portion 1242, to be inserted by sliding in the open end 28 of the section of the exhaust tube 22; and at the outlet opening 1244, a conical end 1246 with a neck portion 1248, for the discharge of exhaust gases into the atmosphere. In addition, the housing 1231 on the side of the entrance neck portion 1242, as is shown in Figure 6 of the drawings, includes a first circular orifice opening 1250, for receiving an L-shaped inlet pipe 1252, having an outlet end 1254 for receiving the back-pressure discharge device 1050"; and the side of the exit neck portion 1248 includes a second circular orifice opening 1260, for receiving an L-shaped outlet tube 1262 having an inlet end 1264, in which the back pressure relief device 1050"or the discharge valve 1050" is received.

^ The back pressure discharge device 1050"may be in the form of a purge valve, a miniature check valve, a miniature pressure relief valve, or any other suitable devices. this fourteenth 1200 mode, the back pressure discharge device is in the form of a miniature 1050"pressure relief valve. ^ 1050 pressure discharge "is normally found in the '^ closed position and only opens to release the excess of exhaust gases when the back pressure at the inlet opening 1250 of the L-shaped inlet tube 1252 is greater than a back pressure of 17.78 cm (7 inches) of water. If a purge valve is used, the valve is always open and is designed from a size such that excess exhaust gases only pass through when the back pressure exceeds 17.78 cm (7 inches) of water. If a check valve is used, the valve is normally closed and only opens when the back pressure exceeds 17,78 cm (7 inches) of water. The back pressure relief valve 1050"includes inlet and outlet openings 1052" and 1054", so that the inlet opening 1052" is connected to the outlet end 1254 of the L-shaped inlet pipe 1252, "and the opening output 1054"connects to the The inlet end 1264 of the outlet pipe 1262, to discharge the excess back pressure within the exhaust emission system 10. The housing 1231 is secured to the open end section 28 of the exhaust pipe section 22, by means of fasteners 38, welding, a crimp or the like. In addition, the conical and tapered configuration of the housing 1231 also reduces noise and converts it into an additional vehicle silencer. In addition, the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube 1230 also includes an insulating layer 1270 gue surrounds the exterior of the housing 1231. The insulating layer 1270 is held in place by means of a shield of the external basket type 1272, as described in Figures 15 and 16 of the drawings. In operation, the efficiency of the removal of emissions were increased from baseline using a catalytic converter for an isolated exhaust pipe 1230, because the exhaust gases in the emission were still maintained at a relatively high temperature, 260 ° C (500 ° F) within the matrix core 1234 of the converter catalytic for an exhaust tube 1230. The shield 1272 is made of steel, stainless steel, chrome or other suitable materials. The insulating layer 1270 can be made of high temperature glass fiber, silicon glass fiber, intumescent coated materials, asbestos and similar.

The physical specifications for housing 1231 have a total diameter in the range of 8.89 cm (3 1/2 inches) to 11.43 cm (4 1/2 inches) and a total length in the range of 7.62 cm (3 inches) to 38.1 cm (15 5 inches), with a preferred total diameter of 10.48 cm (4 1/8 inches) and a preferred length of 10.16 cm (4 inches). The housing 1231 has the inlet and outlet openings 1238 and 1244 of conical ends 1240 and 1246, which have a? diameter of less than 5.08 cm (2 inches) to insert the portion of the neck 1242 at the open end 28 of the section of the exhaust tube 22, for an appropriate fit. The physical specification for the central housing 1232 having a matrix core 1234 has a total diameter of 10.16 cm (4 inches) by 10.16 cm (4 inches) in length. The insulating layer 1270 is approximately 1.27 cm (1/2 inch) thick. The total diameter of the auxiliary 1230 isolated catalytic converter is in the range of 11.43 cm (4 1/2 inches) to 13.97 cm (5 1/2 inches), with a total diameter preferred of 13.01 cm (5 1/8 inches). The present invention of a catalytic converter with a device for back pressure discharge has been tested in exhaust systems of different vehicles 10, such as a 1992 Cherokee Chrysler, a Mitsubishi Raider 1989, and an Aires LE Dodge 1989. In those tests, as shown in Table 6, the 1230 catalytic converter of the fourteenth form 1200, had an accommodation 1232, which measured 20.32 cm (8 inches) in length and had a diameter of 12.7 cm (5 inches) with a 1050"back pressure purge valve that had an orifice diameter of 0.0381 cm (0.015 inches) (hole # 15 in Table 6) or 0.0432 cm (0.017 inches) ( hole # 17 in Table 6.) The matrix core 1234 had a substrate diameter of 9.3 cm * (3.66 inches) with 400 cells per inch of material stratified catalyst 1236 having a palladium to platinum ratio of 2: 1. In test groups A through F, catalytic converter 1230 was placed and clamped by clamp 38 at the end 28 of the exhaust tube 22. Groups of test C and F had a catalytic converter 1230 with and without an insulating layer 1270 (referred to as * No insulation "or N" Insulated "in Table 6) on housing 1232, as shown in Figure 16. In Table 6, w3.66" is refers to the diameter of 9.3 cm (3.66 inches) of the matrix core 1234 and N "Basal" refers to test groups A through F, where there was no catalytic converter in everything used to measure exhaust emissions. In Test Groups A and F ^ Dummy Catalyst "(uncoated) refers to the matrix core 1234 which has no reactive layers of palladium substrate 1236 or platinum on this one.

The test results are tabulated below in Table 6, which shows a substantial reduction in exhaust emissions of THC, CO and N0X, when the catalytic converter 1230 is mounted at the end 28 of the exhaust pipe 22. The best total results occurred in test groups C and F, when catalytic converter 1230 included an insulating layer 1270 over housing 1232, so that THC contaminants had a reduction of 20.0% and 31.0% above baseline, respectively, the CO pollutant had a reduction of 34.1% and 19.2% on the baseline, respectively, and the NOx pollutants had a reduction of 28.2% and 71.7% on the baseline, respectively.

Group Type of Manufacturer # Model THC CO NOx%% Unit% Proof of * Proof Ef. Ef. Ef. of de THC CO NOx BASAL CHRYSLER CHEROKEE 0.027 1.130 0.110 20 CAT. DUMMY (0.02) (0.07) (0.07) (WITHOUT CHRYSLER CHEROKEE 0.042 1.627 0.102 -55.5 -43.9 7.3 REVESTIR) (0.03) (1.0) (0.06) 3.66 WITH CHRYSLER CHEROKEE 0.026 0.826 0.077 3.7 26.9 30.0 HOLE # 17 (0.02) ( 0.51) (0.05) BASIC MITSUBISHI RAIDER 0.594 5.301 1.328 3.66 INS (0.04) (3.30) (0.82) MITSUBISHI RAIDER HOLE 0.686 5.404 0.995 -15.5 -1.9 25.1 3.66 WITH (0.42) (3.36) (0.62) HOLE # 15 MITSUBISHI RAIDER 0.525 4.011 0.961 11.6 24.3 27.6 (0.33) (2.43) (0.60) BASAL DODGE AIRES LE 0.420 9.098 0.404 3.66 CON (0.26) (5.65) (0.25) HOLE # 15 DODGE AIRES LE 0.404 7.273 0.190 3.8 20.1 62.9 SIN (0.25) (4.52) (0.12) ISOLATION DODGE AIRES LE 0.336 5.998 0.276 20.0 34.1 31.7 3. 66 CON (0.21) (3.73) (0.17) ORIFICE # 15 SIN ISOLATION BASAL 10 CHRYSLER CHEROKEE 0.062 1.588 0.369 CAT. DUMMY (0.04) (0.99) (0.23) (WITHOUT 11 CHRYSLER CHEROKEE 0.054 1.443 0.309 12.9 9.1 16.3 REVERSE) (0.04) (0.9) (0.20) 3.66 WITH 12 CHRYSLER CHEROKEE 0.065 1.082 0.265 11.3 31.0 28.2 HOLE # 17 (0.04) (0.68) (0.16) BASAL 13 MITSUBISHI RAIDER 0.223 2.241 0.833 3.66 INS (0.14) (1.40) (0.52) HOLE 14 MITSUBISHI RAIDER 0.220 5.529 0.283 1.3 5.8 15.8 3. 66 CON (0.14) (3.53) (0.18) ORIFICE # 15 15 MITSUBISHI RAIDER 0.169 1.528 0.607 24.2 31.8 4.1 (0.11) (0.95) (0.38) BASAL 16 DODGE AIRES LE 0.244 5.709 0.290 3.66 CON (0.15) (3.55) (0.18) ) HOLE # 15 17 DODGE AIRES LE 0.253 5.529 0.283 -3.7 3.2 2.4 SIN (0.16) (3.44) (0.18) ISOLATION 18 DODGE AIRES LE 0.168 4.611 0.082 21.1 19.2 71.7 3. 66 CON (0.10) (2.87) (0.05) ORIFICE # 15 SIN ISOLATION ADVANTAGES OF THE PRESENT INVENTION Accordingly, the main advantage of the present invention is that it provides a catalytic converter placed at, or at the end of the exhaust pipe to further reduce emissions of exhaust gases, to comply with the regulations of the exhaust gases. federal and state emission regulations. Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a catalytic converter disposed at, or at the end of the exhaust tube, so that it is easy and simple to connect the catalytic converter to the end of an exhaust tube by hose clips, fasteners of the silencer, compression devices, mounting clamps, mounting screws, welding, a crimp or similar.

H S? L Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a catalytic converter that can be mounted internally at the open end of the exhaust tube, or as an extension to the end of the exhaust tube. Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a catalytic converter that, in operational use, operates without reduction or loss of the power of a vehicle. Another advantage of the present invention is that provides a catalytic converter that in operational use, provides substantially cleaner air emissions for a vehicle having the catalytic converter installed for an exhaust pipe of the present invention. Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a catalytic converter for an exhaust tube, which has a back pressure relief valve which maintains the back pressure of the emission system at a predetermined level. Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a catalytic converter for an exhaust tube, which has a back-pressure relief valve that allows the excess back pressure to be diverted from the catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe and avoids the inner core. to maintain the efficiency of the system. Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a catalytic converter for a tube of exhausted, which has a back pressure relief valve that is in the form of a. purge valve, or a miniature check valve, or a miniature pressure relief valve, to discharge any * 8-- 'accumulated pressure within the emission system on the side of catalytic converter inlet for an exhaust pipe, to maintain the efficiency of the system. A further advantage of the present invention is that it provides a catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe, which only has to be changed every 80,000 to 160,000 kilometers (50,000 to 100,000 miles) of continuous use. A further advantage of the present invention is that it provides a catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe, which can be mass produced in a automated and economical way and is relatively cheap and long-lasting. A latitude of the modification, change and substitution is that which is intended in the previous description, and in some cases, some characteristics of the invention will be used without the corresponding use of other characteristics. Accordingly, it is appropriate that the appended claims be taken in the broad sense and in a manner consistent with the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (22)

CHAPTER CLAIMEDICATORÍO Having described the invention, it is considered as a novelty and, therefore, what is contained in the following 5 is claimed:

1. An exhaust system of a vehicle that has an exhaust pipe connected to a pipe of E- Exhausting, a main catalytic converter placed in 10 the exhaust pipe, and a catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe, to be installed in the exhaust pipe, the exhaust pipe has an open end, characterized in that it comprises: a) a main catalytic converter placed 15 in the exhaust pipe; a catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe that includes a housing having an outer wall and an internal core of catalytic material placed in the housing, to chemically reduce polluting gaseous emissions; the catalytic converter 20 for an exhaust tube has an inner end and an outer end; b) the catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe is placed inside the exhaust pipe, where the outer end is adjacent to the open end 25 of the exhaust tube; c) means for fixedly attaching the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube to the exhaust tube; and d) means for discharging the back pressure inside the exhaust tube between the main catalytic converter and the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube, partially diverting the exhaust gases to avoid the internal core when the exhaust pressure at the internal end of the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube, it is increased above a predetermined pressure level, the means for discharging the back pressure are located at the internal end of the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube; wherein the means for discharging the back pressure within the exhaust tube includes valve means selected from the group consisting of a purge valve, a check valve and a pressure relief valve; and wherein the valve means maintains the back pressure within the exhaust tube at a level greater than 5.08 centimeters of water (2 inches of water) and below 17.78 centimeters of water (7 inches of water).

The exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for discharging the back pressure further include a tube extending through the inner core of the catalytic converter Wf for an exhaust tube, the tube having a first end arranged at the inner end of the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube, and having a second end disposed at the outer end of the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube, and the valve means are connected to the first end and disposed at the end internal of the catalytic converter f for an exhaust pipe.

3. The exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for discharging the back pressure further include a tube having an outer section extending through the outer wall of the housing towards the atmosphere, and the internal end of the catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe 15, and valve means which are connected to the outer section of the pipe.

The exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for discharging the back pressure further include a first tube 20 extending through the outer wall of the housing at an inner end of the housing, a second tube which is extending through the outer wall of the housing at an outer end of the housing, the valve means are connected between the first and second tubes.

5. The exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that the catalytic material has a catalytic substrate of platinum and rhodium, or platinum and palladium.

6. The exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for fixedly attaching it, are selected from the group consisting of hose clamps, silencer clamps, compression devices, mounting clamps, screws 10 mounting, welding and a crimp.

The exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal core of catalytic material is an integrated unit disposed in the housing.

8. The exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube has a diameter in the range of 1.27 centimeters (1/2 inch) to 20.32 centimeters (8 inches) and a length in the interval 20 1.9 to 27.94 centimeters (3/4 inch to 11 inches). The exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube has a diameter in the range of 8.

9 centimeters (3 1/2 inches) to 11.43. 25 centimeters (4 1/2 inches) and a length in the range of 7.62 centimeters (3 inches) to 38.1 centimeters (15 inches).

10. An exhaust system of a vehicle having an exhaust pipe connected to a exhaust pipe, a main catalytic converter placed in the exhaust pipe, and a catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe to be installed in the exhaust pipe. , the exhaust tube has one end F T open, characterized in that it comprises: a) a main catalytic converter placed in the exhaust pipe; a catalytic converter for an exhaust tube that includes a housing having an outer wall, and an internal core of catalytic material placed in the housing to reduce 15 chemically pollutant gaseous emissions; the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube has an internal end and an external end; b) the inner end of the catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe is connected to the end 20 open of the exhaust tube, so that the housing extends from the open end of the exhaust tube; c) means for fixedly attaching the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube to the tube of 25 exhausted; and ^ rd) means for discharging the back pressure within the exhaust tube between the main catalytic converter and the catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe, by partially diverting exhaust gases I to avoid the internal core when the exhaust pressure in the exhaust pipe is exhausted. The internal end of the catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe is increased by f over a predetermined pressure level, the means for discharging the back pressure are located at the inner end 10 of the catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe; wherein the means for discharging the back pressure within the exhaust tube, includes valve means selected from the group consisting of a purge valve, a check valve and a discharge valve, 15 pressure; and wherein the valve means maintains the back pressure inside the exhaust tube at a level greater than 5.08 centimeters of water (2 inches of water) and below 17.78 centimeters of water (7 inches of water).

11. The exhaust system of conformance with 20 claim 10, characterized in that the means for releasing the back pressure further include a tube extending through the inner core of the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube, the tube having a first end disposed at the inner end of the tube. 25 catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe, and | having a second end disposed at the outer end of the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube, and the valve means are connected to the first end and are disposed at the internal end of the catalytic converter 5 for an exhaust tube.

12. The exhaust system according to claim 10, characterized in that the means for * Download the back pressure also include a tube that has ^ an outer section that extends through the wall 10 outside the housing towards the atmosphere, and is disposed at the inner end of the catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe, and valve means that are connected to the outer section of the pipe.

The exhaust system according to claim 10, characterized in that the means for discharging the back pressure further include a first tube extending through the outer wall of the housing at an inner end of the housing, a second tube which is extending through the outer wall of the housing at an outer end of the housing, the valve means are connected between the first and second tubes.

The exhaust system according to claim 10, characterized in that the catalytic material has a catalytic substrate of platinum and rhodium, or 25 platinum and palladium.

15. The exhaust system according to claim 10, characterized in that the means for fixedly attaching it, are selected from the group consisting of hose clamps, muffler clamps, 5 compression devices, mounting clamps, mounting screws , welding and a crimp.

16. The exhaust system according to claim 10, characterized in that the inner core of catalytic material is an integrated unit disposed in the housing.

17. The exhaust system according to claim 10, characterized in that the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube has a diameter in the range of 1.27 centimeters (1/2 inch) to 20.32. 15 centimeters (8 inches) and a length in the range of 1.9 to 27.94 centimeters (3/4 to 11 inches).

18. The exhaust system according to claim 10, characterized in that the catalytic converter for an exhaust tube has a diameter in 20 the interval from 8.9 centimeters (3 1/2 inches) to 11.43 centimeters (4 1/2 inches) and a length in the interval from 7.62 centimeters (3 inches) to 38.1 centimeters (15 inches).

The exhaust system according to claim 10, characterized in that a section of the housing containing the inner core of catalytic material has a diameter greater than the diameter of the exhaust tube.

20. The exhaust system in accordance with 5 claim 10, characterized in that a section of the housing containing the inner core of catalytic material has a diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the exhaust tube. ^

21. The exhaust system in accordance with 10 claim 10, characterized in that the housing has an inner end and an outer end which are each tapered to form an aperture of reduced size for noise reduction.

22. The exhaust system in accordance with 15 claim 10, characterized in that it also includes a second housing that surrounds the housing and defines a space between them; and the insulation is deposited in the space to prevent the loss of heat in the inner core. twenty SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A catalytic converter (1030) for an exhaust pipe (22), which further reduces emissions 5 exhaust of the exhaust emission system of a vehicle (10), and that will comply with the most stringent emission requirements of the regulations of the federal and state governments jj8. The catalytic converter for a tube Exhausting (1030) includes a ceramic housing or 10 steel (32) of relatively small size, having a diameter within the range of 1.27 centimeters to 20.32 centimeters (1/2 inch to 8 inches) and a length of 1.90 centimeters to 27.94 centimeters (3/4 of an inch to 11 inches) ). The housing (32) includes a matrix core 15 (34) of stratified catalytic materials, which react with exhaust emission pollutants, such as NOx, NMHC, HC and CO. These pollutants are further reduced and oxidized by the catalytic converter (1030) in the exhaust pipe, 20 catalytic materials typical of platinum, palladium, rhodium or the like, contained within the honeycomb or tortuous strata of the matrix core (34). The catalytic converter (1030) is housed within the interior of the exhaust tube (22) adjacent to the open end or 25 as an extension of the end of the exhaust tube (22). The catalytic converter for an exhaust tube (1030) is held in place by any suitable devices (38), such as a fastener, mounting screws, mounting brackets, or the like. The converter includes a device (1050 ') to reduce the back pressure. Also, the catalytic converter for an exhaust pipe can be used for other vehicles, such as trucks and motorcycles or other gas compression engines, for example lawn mowers. 10