MXPA98006393A - Machine formadora de concipients horizon - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a machine for forming an agglomerated wood container, characterized in that it comprises: a. A vertical load compartment to receive a pile or pile of blanks for pre-marked, pre-cut, flat, chipboard containers, the compartment comprises an open end and two parallel side walls, an elevator, centering arms for positioning the blanks, two pluralities of high suction devices for moving the uppermost blank from the stack, the first of the pluralities is centrally located to reach the middle section of the uppermost receptacle blank, and the second plurality has locations near the four corners of the compartment in order to reach the corners of the container blank, the second plurality being able to lift up the flaps of the pre-cut ends to the corners of the blank for vessel higher than the middle section thereof, a plurality of separation gates and rails d e) Angle bracket on the side walls of the compartment for raising the flaps of the pre-cut ends on the front and rear edges of the blank from the middle section thereof, and a high feed for transporting the blank, the front end first inside the machine's flap former b. A flap former for pre-folding the leading and trailing edges of the container blank, the former comprises a plurality of applicators for spraying adhesive onto portions of the blank, a plurality of groove formers and angled bars for forming blank panels. end from the pre-scored, raised end flaps, at the leading and trailing edges of the container blank, a horizontal conveyor with bands to move the blank through the grooves, a plurality of compression rolls for securing the flaps of the blank sprayed with adhesive, bent, and a conveyor to move the blank to a final container former; and c. A final container former comprising a second pair of angled rails for supporting the corners of the end panels when the blank is received from the flap former, an adjustable mandrel having a vertical stroke or displacement, a first set of formers of parallel, adjustable grooves, under the mandrel along the trajectory of the stroke to form the ends of the vessel to be formed, a second set of adjustable parallel groove formers, along the course of the stroke underneath of the first set and perpendicular thereto to form the sides of the container, and a conveyor under the second set of grooves to remove the formed container from the machine.

Description

HORIZONTAL CONTAINER FORMING MACHINE DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to container forming machines, and in particular to a new and improved method and apparatus horizontally oriented to form containers from a preform or model of pre-cut hard cardboard material. In the packaging industry, numerous containers and hard cardboard designs have been developed over the years. Such containers are typically constructed of a corrugated material and are used to transport and store a wide variety of products such as fresh fruits and vegetables, canned and bottled goods, meat and the like. Hardboard materials can be single-sided corrugated, single-wall (double-sided) corrugated, double-wall corrugated, triple wall corrugated, etc. The containers can also be made from other paperboard products including, without limitation, cartonboard for containers, cardboard for boxes, cardboard for coated paper and cardboard. In industry, the terms "case" and "case" are frequently used interchangeably. Each of these terms refers to large, usually rectangular, containers made of hard cardboard or paperboard and designed to contain a given number (eg 12 or 24) of small units such as cartons, bottles, cans, or pieces of products. The term "tray or tray" is used to describe a variety of different containers, but frequently refers to a container designed to contain a certain weight or volume of product [for example 15.89 kg. (35 pounds) of grapes, 27.24 kg. (60 pounds) of beef, etc.]. Tray forming machines or existing trays suffer from many disadvantages. The forming parts of the box of these machines introduce the preforms of paperboard containers from the bottom and process them in a vertical manner. They are able to receive a large stack or stack of preforms from flat paper cartons, but they must first go through the uneconomical step of moving the preforms one by one from the top of the stack and re-stacking or rewinding the preforms in a second pile or pile for the transfer from the bottom. In addition, if a container preform is improperly fed into or jammed inside such a machine, it is extremely difficult to gain access to the interior of the machine to remove the jammed preform. Frequently it becomes a machine preform in order to remove the preform necessary to cut or tear it into pieces, or partially disassemble it.

Many existing machines rely only on an extensible and retractable or retractable mandrel, which worked in conjunction with angled pallets to form the complete container in a single time or path. It can be difficult or impossible for these machines to form paperboard containers that carry multiple walls and / or multiple folds of the same panel. In addition, most current machines are also either unable to produce very large tray containers, or are unable to produce such large containers at acceptable production volumes. Finally, the actual machines themselves are unusually large and tall, requiring an unnecessarily large space for the installed machine. The present invention overcomes the aforementioned disadvantages of existing container forming machines, by providing a horizontally oriented, improved machine capable of forming trays or other similar hard cardboard containers from a single preform. The improved machine includes three different sections: (1) a load compartment that includes a vertical lift, a sheet feeder, and a unique set of gates or doors for prepositioning the fins or tabs of the container preforms; (2) an adhesion and fin folding section including adhesive applicators, a series of folding vanes and a compression area for pre-folding the end flaps of the container to be formed; and (3) a final forming section including a vertically mounted, adjustable mandrel, surrounded by the forming vanes to manufacture the final container. The cargo compartment is capable of receiving a tray complete support of preforms of cut containers. Once loaded, a vertical lift in the compartment raises the stack of preforms up until they reach the working height of the machine. The centering arms on the walls of the compartment are able to move slightly in and out in order to center the stack of preforms in the compartment. Then, a series of suction cups or devices move the preform from the top part of the stack and hold it in position. At this point, a set of four unique gates located on the sides of the cargo compartment are activated. These gates work in conjunction with the suckers to break the leading and trailing edges of the container preform along the pre-cut lines, separating these outer flaps from the middle section of the preform before further bending. The sheet feeder with chain drive, raised, then transports the preform to the adhesion and bending section of the machine's fins. As the preform moves in the next section of the machine, adhesive material is sprayed or placed over the selected locations to those of the preform. A chain assembly in succession (with lugs) then drives the preform horizontally through a series of bending vanes and a compression area. Here the front and rear walls of the container are preformed from the outer fins or flanges of the preform. The preformed preform is then moved to the forming mandrel section of the machine. The folding section of fins or tabs of the machine can be easily entered from the outside in the event that a container preform becomes jammed or jammed in this section of the machine. Easy-opening side doors are provided for access to the service. If necessary, the chain assembly in succession can be lowered quickly and easily in order to achieve full access for service and easy removal of preforms from jammed, jammed or improperly bent containers.

This avoids the need to trim the pieces of paperboard and / or disassemble the machine in order to eliminate an obstruction, allowing the machine to be quickly put into production. The pre-bent preform is moved from the fin forming section to the final forming section of the machine, under a vertically oriented mandrel. The mandrel pushes down on the middle section of the preform, pushing the edges through a set of forming vanes. First, the preformed front and rear edges of the preform are vertically pushed to form the end walls and corners of the container. Then, as the mandrel moves downward, the side walls of the preform are vertically brought into adhesive contact with the corners of the end walls, forming the final container with its upper fins open. The mandrel is retracted, and then the pallets release the container, allowing it to fall by gravity to be deposited on a conveyor for transfer. Therefore, a main object or object of the present invention is to provide a horizontally oriented machine capable of forming hard cardboard containers without the unmanageable height dimensions of conventional machines. A further important objective of the present invention is to provide a horizontally oriented container forming machine that is capable of forming very large containers in continuous operation. A further important objective of the present invention is to provide a horizontally oriented container forming machine that is capable of high volume production of large containers at good speed.

Also an important object of the present invention is to provide a horizontally oriented container forming machine, having a first section for loading, separating and pre-folding the container preforms, a second section for the folding of the fins or flanges and the adhesion of the containers. container preforms, and a third section for the final formation of the containers from the preforms. Another important object of the present invention is to provide a unique set of gates and suction cups or suction devices in the loading section of the machine that worked in conjunction with each other to break the leading and trailing edges of the container preform along of the pre-cut lines, separating these outer fins from the mid section of the preform before further bending. Another important object of the present invention is to provide a unique set of vanes and guides in the fin folding section of the machine, which form the front and rear walls of the container from the preform. Another important object of the present invention is to provide a chain assembly in adjustable succession, in the fin bend section of the machine that is raised during production and can be lowered easily for access to service.

Another important object of the present invention is to provide a container forming machine that is capable of receiving a complete support tray, stacked with pre-cut container preforms and moving the preforms from the top of the stack for forming into containers. Additional objects of the invention will be apparent from the detailed descriptions and claims herein.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a partially sectioned side view showing the three main sections of the machine of the present invention. Figure 2 is a partially sectioned top view of the invention shown in Figure 1. Figure 3A is an end view along line 3-3 of Figure 1 showing a stack or pile of container preforms in a support tray that has been raised to the working height of the machine. Suction cups or suction devices have been lowered to fit the upper preform, but has not yet been removed from the stack. The side doors are completely retracted. Figure 3B is an end view along line 3-3 of Figure 1 showing the transfer of the upper container preform from the stack using the suction cups. The side doors have begun to move forward. Figure 3 C is an end view along line 3 - 3 of Figure 1 showing the fully extended side gates and supporting the upper container preform. The suction cups or devices have decoupled the preform and have been retracted. Figure 4A is an enlarged end view along line 4-4 of Figure 1 showing the gates in the retracted position. Figure 4B is an enlarged end view along line 4-4 of Figure 1 showing partially advanced gates. Figure 4C is an enlarged end view along line 4-4 of Figure 1 showing the gates in the fully advanced position. Figure 5A is an enlarged side view of the central preforming section of the machine showing the chain assembly in succession in the elevated operating position. Figure 5B is an enlarged side view of the central section of the machine showing the chain assembly in succession in the lowered position for access to the service. Figure 6A is an opposite end view along line 6-6 of Figure 1 showing the mandrel of the machine in the retracted position.

Figure 6B is an opposite end view along line 6-6 of Figure 1 showing the mandrel in a partially extended position. Figure 7 is a series of perspective views of an angled post tray container preform showing the forming steps by the machine of the present invention. With reference to the drawings in which similar reference characters designate similar or corresponding parts for all the various views, and with reference in general to Figure 1, it is noted that the operative portion of the invention includes three distinct sections which includes a loading compartment 10, a section of adhesion and bending of fins or flanges 60 and a forming section 80. The loading compartment 10 includes a vertical elevator 1 1 with platform 12 for containing a single stack of pre-cut container preforms 14 of up to 121.92 cm. (48 inches) in height. Centering arms 41 are provided for use on either side of the load compartment. The crank 42 is used to adjust the position of the arms 41 according to the size of the preforms of used containers. A set of suction cups or suction devices 30 inside and suction cups or external suction devices 31 are provided centrally above the loading compartment 10 (see Figure 2 and Figures 3A-3 C). The inner suckers 30 are placed in position to couple the middle part of the upper container preform 91 from the stack, while the external suckers 3 1 are placed in position to engage the outer edges 92 of the preform 91. All these suckers or suction devices are connected to a common vacuum source 32 (not shown) that selectively provides vacuum suction to the suckers 30 and 31 for the transfer of the upper preform 91 from the stack. The inner suckers 30 are joined by vertical rods 33 to the cross bars 35, such that their upward movement is limited to how the cross bars 35 are raised. However, the external suckers 3 1 are joined by different rods 34 to the transverse bars 35 such that their upper limit of travel or displacement is greater than that of the inner suction cups 30 (compare FIGS. 3 A and 3 B). In the operation, the lift 1 1 raises the stack of container preforms 14 to the working height adjusted by the flanges 39 as shown in Figure 3A. The centering arms 41 center the preform in the proper position. Once the uppermost preform 91 in the stack 14 is in this position, the suckers 30 and 3 1 are lowered by the air cylinder 37 to make contact with the preform. Vacuum suction is then applied to the suction cups 30 and 3 1 temporarily adhering to the preform 91. At this point, the air cylinder 37 is raised, bringing the cross bars 35 and the rods 33 and 34 upwards with it. The inner suckers 30 do not rise as high as the outer suckers 31 resulting in uneven lifting of the preform 91. This non-uniform lifting raises the outer edges 92 of the preform 91 more than the inner walls 93 (see FIG. 3B and compare FIGS. 7A to 7B). In this step, the preform 91 has been slightly deformed as shown in Figure 7B, with the pre-cut flaps 92 being separated from the side walls 93 of the preform 91. It is important to maintain the separation of the fins or flanges 92 from the walls 93 in order to achieve that the preform 91 is properly bent and eventually formed in a container. In order to maintain the separation shown in Fig. 7B, a set of four gate mechanisms 20 is provided on the side walls of the load compartment 10. The gates 20 operate in conjunction with the suction apparatus described above. Before the uppermost preform 91 is moved from the stack 14, the gates 20 are closed so that they do not interfere with the suction removal and elevation of the preform 91 from the top of the stack (see Figure 3A and the detail in Figure 4A). A set of constraining tabs 1 8 is provided in the vicinity of the four gates 20 to prevent the side walls of the preform 91 from being raised very high. Figure 3 B shows these side walls approaching the limiting flange 1 8, and Figure 3 C shows the walls touching the flanges that have reached the limits defined by them. As suction pads or suction devices 3 1 j up the outer flanges 92 upwards and away from the side walls 93, the gates 20 are activated and moved in the proper position to support the fins 92 (see FIGS. B and 4B). The gates 20 are mounted on the outside of the walls 21 defining the sides of the cargo compartment. Each gate 20 has two different protruding flange projections: one upper support 25 for the outer flanges 92, and one lower support 24 for the side walls 93. Corresponding apertures 22 and 23 are provided in the walls 2 1 to allow the projections protrude into the cargo compartment. The projections are both joined to a bracket or support 23 mounted on a pivot and moved by the action of the air cylinder (piston) 28. The support plate 25 is movable between a position that is flush with the wall 21 at a position that is level with an angle rail 19 discussed later. After the outer suckers 3 1 have moved the fins 92 to their maximum height and the separation of the side walls 93, it is important to maintain this relationship. This is carried out by the projecting flange 25, upper, of the gates 20. The gates 20 are activated as the suction j wing fins 92 upwardly extending the flanges 24 and 25 in the loading compartment. The flanges 25 of the gates 20 enter underneath and provide support for the fins 92, preventing these fins from moving back down to the lower plane of the side walls 93 (see Figure 3C). The extension of the flanges 25 forms a continuous flange with a second set of angled flanges 19 provided on the interior walls of the load compartment between the gates 20 (see Fig. 2, 3 C and 4C). Another set of similarly angled flanges 44 are also provided between the inner gates and the fin forming section 60 of the machine. The flanges 19 and 44 act in conjunction with the extended flanges 25 of the gate to contain the outer fins 92 in their upward angle position as the preform 91 moves horizontally out of the loading compartment in the fin folding section. 60 of the machine. An overhead or raised feeder 17 is provided, operated by chains or other continuous webs to move the preform 91 translated horizontally in the fin folding section 60 of the machine. As the container preform 91 moves in this section, adhesive material is applied to the selected areas of the preform including panels 92, 93, 94 and 101 either in hot mix or cold application.

With reference to Figures 1, 2, 5A and 5B, it is noted that a series of fin folding vanes, and rods 71 (many of which are not shown) are provided in the section 60 of the machine. As the preform 9 1 is pressurized against these vanes, they fold the end panels 92 at both ends of the preform 91 along the pre-marked lines 96, 97 and 98 in the configuration shown first in FIG. Figure 7 C and finally to the configuration of Figure 7D. The strut or reinforcement 65 is provided with the body panel 91 and the horizontal side panels 93 while the corners of the end panel are formed by the vanes 71 from the outer edges 92 of the preform. The preform 91 was pushed through the section 60 of the machine first by means of a conveyor belt or chain assembly in succession 62 with connecting brackets or clamps 63, and then using the upper rollers 68 and lower rollers 69. The chain 62 extends around the pivot pulleys or sprockets 6 1 at either end. The attachment brackets or clamps 63 trap the rear edges of the preforms 91 and push them through the section 60, causing the raised outer edges 92 to be formed at the corners of the end panel of the final container. At this time the partially formed container leaves section 60, the corners 92 of the end panel are well defined as shown in Figure 7C. In particular, the angle vanes 71 bend the panel 94 against the panel 92 along the marked line 97. The adhesive previously applied between these panels holds them together. The corner 96 is bent at the corner 98 so that the panel 95 comes into contact with the end panel 101. The adhesive previously applied to the panel 101 also holds them together. The compression rollers 68 and 69 compress the panels 95 against the end panel 101. The partial openings 90 are fixed over the largest opening 1 00 in the panel 101 defining the handles or handles at either end of the container (see Figure 7 C). The chain assembly in succession 61-63 can be lowered as shown in Figure 5B to thereby separate this assembly which imparts movement from the vanes and guides above it. Simultaneously, the lower compression rollers 69 can be separated from the upper rollers 68. This downward adjustment can only be carried out when the machine is not operating, and allows access to the service within the section 60 of the machine in the event that a preform is improperly fed or becomes stuck in the machine. It is usually very easy to remove or remove such a preform without cutting or tearing it, or dismantling the machine. The assembly 61-63 can then be raised back to the upper operating position and machine operation can be continued.

The partially formed preform 9 1 moves from the fin forming section 60 in the final forming section 80 of the machine to the air cylinders (not shown). The section 80 includes a mandrel 85 vertically oriented and a series of vanes 52, 55 and 56 of final formation. The preform 91 has the appearance shown in Figure 7C as it moves under the mandrel 85 as shown in Figure 6A. A single pair of angled tabs 52, supported by the rods 5 1, hold the corner panels 92 in an almost vertical position as the preform 91 moves down the mandrel 85 (see Figures 1 and 6A). The side panels 93 are still horizontal at this point, supported at either end by the brackets or supports 54. As the mandrel 85 is subjected to a downward operating cycle, it comes in contact with the middle part of the preform 91 The mandrel 85 can be of a fixed size for continuous use in forming the same sized containers, or it can be of an adjustable type in which the size and dimensions can be changed to form different container sizes. In any case, the mandrel 85 will extend to the four corners of the rectangular middle section 91 of the preform that will eventually become the bottom of the container. As the mandrel 85 moves downward, contact with the bottoms of the flanges 52 first presses the corner panels 92 into a vertical position as shown in FIG. 7D. Then, contact with the vanes 55 places the end panels 101 upward in a vertical position, as shown in Figures 6B and 7E. The panels 92 now form the corners with the panels 101 along the marked line 98. Continuous downward movement then causes the side panels 93 to contact the vanes 56, placing these side panels upward in an upright position. . This activity is implicit in Figures 6B and 7E. The adhesive previously applied to the panels 93 attaches them to the corner panels 92, resulting in the formation of the container shown in Figure 7F. The mandrel 85 is then retracted or retracted, leaving the newly formed container wedged between the vanes 56. There is a momentary pause as the next container preform 5 enters the proper position under the mandrel 85 during which the tail or glue has an opportunity to adhere and dry against the various surfaces of the wedged container. Then, before the mandrel is subjected to a cycle to form the next preform, the vanes 56 are pulled away from the container by the action of the air cylinders 59. This release allows the fall by gravity of the newly formed container. , down on a roller conveyor 89 for transfer, loading and sealing. Then promptly, the cylinders 59 push the paddles 56 back to the appropriate position 5 to form the next container. The lid of the container is formed using the fins or flanges 1 05 which can be sealed by applying adhesive to the side fins 1 06 and adhering these to the end 1 01 panels. In the preferred embodiment, the loading compartment 10 is capable of receiving a tray or tray of preforms of containers of at least 1 2 1 .92 cm. (48 inches) high, but this height can be adjusted according to the specific requirements of the application. The side walls 21 will include adjustable arms 41 for preforms of containers of different size. Suction cups or suction devices are preferred in the load compartment, four inside suckers 30 and four outside suckers 3 1. The suction cups or interior suction devices hold the middle part of the container preform 91 downwards while the suction cups or external suction devices 30 j up the end flaps upwards. At least four gates, one in each corner of the cargo compartment and adjustable with the position of the arms 41, are preferred in order to achieve holding the four fins 92 of the container preform in the proper position. The flaps 25 of the gate should have the same angle as the flanges 19 and 44, and should form a flat, continuous surface, on which the end panels 92 can slide from the loading compartment 10 to the fin forming section 60. .

In the fin forming section 60, the pallet 65 must hold the middle part of the container preform in a flat, horizontal position as it passes. The angled vanes 7 1 will first bend the vanes 92, 94 and 95 at the leading edge of the container preform, and then fold the same vanes in the same manner at the trailing edge. The glue or other adhesive must be applied precisely as the container preform enters the forming section of the machine 60, before bending occurs. The chain in succession should include adjustable lugs 63 whose position can be changed according to the size of the container preforms to be used. Similarly, the vanes 71 and 65 must be adjustable horizontally and vertically for different sizes of preforms. The mandrel 85 can be of a fixed and removable size for replacement with another mandrel of fixed dimension; or it can be adjustable so that a single mandrel can be used for the formation of preforms of containers of different sizes. The flanges 52 should not be vertical, but should be angled between five and fifty degrees to allow room for the pre-bent end panels 92 of the container to pass under the mandrel 85 before it is subjected to a cycle. There should be a close fit between the bottom of the flanges 52 and the edges of the mandrel 85 to straighten up the end panels 92 of the container as the mandrel is cycled. The support brackets 54 should be horizontally adjustable for preforms of containers of different sizes. Similarly, the flanges 52 and the vanes 55 and 56 should be laterally adjustable for receiving the preforms of containers having different lengths and widths. In use, you must first select the dimensions and style of the container that is already to be formed. Then, the machine must be adjusted to receive the preforms of properly pre-cut and pre-marked containers 91. This requires selecting and installing the appropriate mandrel, and then appropriately adjusting all of the following, among other things: (1) the centering arms of the side wall 41 of the load compartment, (2) the suction volume, (3) the adhesive applicators, (4) the positioning and positioning of the preform blades 71 and 65; (5) the positioning and positioning of the rollers 68 and 69; (6) the height, width and length of the mandrel 85; (7) the positioning and positioning of the final training tabs and the vanes 51, 52, 55 and 56; (8) sprinklers and controls for adhesive application; and (9) the length of the mandrel stroke advance. Many other adjustments are also made for the proper operation of the machine.

The preferred embodiment of the machine receives a stack 14 of the selected container preforms 91 in the loading compartment 10. The elevator 11 raises the stack 14 until the uppermost preform 91 is in the working position in the flange 39, reachable by the suckers or suction devices 30 and 31. The elevator 11 stops and the centering arms 41 of the compartment move to center the stack or pile of preforms. Then, the suckers pull the upper preform 91 from the stack. The riser then lifts the remaining preforms into stack 14, so that the next higher preform is brought to tab 39, ready for transfer, and so on. Meanwhile, the outer suction cups 31 pull the front and rear end flaps 92 (which still includes the unfolded fins 94, 95 and 100) apart and away from the center of the preform 91 along the pre-cut lines 111. The gates 20 then activated to maintain the separation of the fins 92 from the center of the preform 91. The upper gate support flanges 25 rotate upwards and under all four fins 92., forming a continuous rail with the flanges 19 and 44 so that the fins 92 can slide in the compression section 60 of the machine in its raised position. The suction is eliminated, and the high transfer 17 pushes the preform 91 under the adhesive applicators (not shown) which apply the adhesive material to the fins 92, 94, 101 as well as 93 for the subsequent adhesion. A chain assembly in succession 62 forming a continuous web below the preform 91 includes the ears 63 which engage the trailing end of the preform. The rotation of the chain and the lugs moves the preform forward by pushing it against a series of angled vanes 71 that fold and fold the raised vanes 92. In particular, the vanes 92 of the leading edge are first bent along the length of the vane. marked line 98. Then fin 94 bends along the line marked 97 against fin 92. The adhesive has been applied between these fins. At about the same time, the fin 95 bends along the marked line 96, such that the fin 95 comes into contact with the end panel 1 01. The adhesive has also been applied to panel 1 01. Openings 90 in fins 95 are positioned to correspond with opening 1 00 in panel 101. This pre-bent portion of the container preform 91 then moves through the compression rollers 68 and 69 which firmly press together the adhesive between the fins. The same blades cause the same bending of the end flaps 92 at the rear edge of the container preform. The pre-folded preform is then transported below the mandrel 85 which moves downwards to engage the middle part 91 of the preform. As the mandrel undergoes a downward cycle, a first pair of parallel vanes 5 1 under the mandrel bend the end panels 1 01 upwards to a vertical position; then, a second pair of parallel vanes 52 mounted perpendicular to the first pair of vanes, fold the side panels 93 upward to a vertical position. The adhesive previously applied to the corner panels 92 is glued to the side panels 93 forming the main box of the container. The mandrel 85 is subjected to a completely downward cycle, pressing the corners together and straightening the side and end panels of the newly formed container. The mandrel 85 retracts or retracts, then the vanes 56 release the container, which then falls out of the machine as a result of the gravitational force. Electronic, automated controls must be provided to control the timing, speed and overall operation of the lift, centering arms, gates, conveyors, suction, air cylinders, chain in succession, rollers, chuck, pallets and other parts of the machine. As well as the synchronization and the amount of adhesive applied to the container preforms. It is to be understood that variations and modifications of the present invention can be made without departing from the scope thereof. It is also to be understood that the present invention will not be limited by the specific embodiments described herein, but only in accordance with the appended claims when read in view of the above specification.

Claims (10)

1. CLAIMS 1. A machine for forming a hard cardboard container, characterized in that it comprises: a. a vertical load compartment for receiving a stack or stack of preforms of hard, flat, precut and pre-marked cardboard containers, the compartment comprises an open end and side walls, parallel, an elevator, centering arms for the positioning of the preforms, a plurality of high suction devices for translating the uppermost preform from the stack, a plurality of separation gates and angled support rails on the side walls of the compartment for raising the pre-cut end flaps at the edges front and rear of the preform from the middle section thereof, and a raised feed to transport the preform within the fin former of the machine; b. A fin former for pre-folding the leading and trailing edges of the container preform, the former comprises a plurality of applicators for spraying adhesive onto the portions of the preform, a plurality of angle forming vanes and rods to form the panels. end from the pre-marked, raised end flaps, at the leading and trailing edges of the container preform, a horizontal conveyor with attachment brackets for moving the preform through the vanes, a plurality of compression rollers to secure the fins of the preform sprayed with adhesive, bent, and a conveyor for moving the preform to a final container former; and c. a final container former comprising a second pair of carriages at an angle to support the corners of the end panels as the preform is received from the fin former, an adjustable mandrel having a vertical stroke, a first of palettes of formation for them, ajustables, below the mandri along the trajectory of the race to form the ends of the container that is going to be formed, a second set of parallel formation palettes, usable, to along the trajectory of the run under the first set and perpendicular thereto to form the sides of the container, and a conveyor under the second set of blades to move or remove the container formed from the machine.
2. 2. The machine described in claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal conveyor and the compression rollers in the fin former can be easily lowered when the machine is not operating to allow access to the service inside the machine in case of a clogging or inadequate feeding.
3. 3. The machine described in claim 1, characterized in that two pluralities of suction devices are provided in the compartment, the first plurality such that is centrally located to reach the middle section of the uppermost container preform, and the second plurality such that it has sites near the four corners of the compartment in order to reach the corners of the recirculating preform, the second plurality is capable of raising the pre-cut end tips at the corners of the receiver preform beyond the middle section of it.
4. The machine described in claim 3, characterized in that a pair of separation gates is provided in each of the opposite side walls of the cargo compartment in the vicinity of the four corners of the cargo compartment, the gates of each pair such they are separated by an angled rail between them inside such side wall, so that after the uppermost container preform is moved from the stack or pile, the activation of the gates provides support to the end flaps upwardly thereof, the support which is maintained by the rails as the preform moves horizontally out of the compartment.
5. 5. The machine described in claim 4characterized in that each of the gates is comprised of a plate mounted on a pivot attached to an air cylinder, such a plate is movable between a position that is at the level of the side wall adjacent to a position that is at the level of the lane at an angle adjacent.
6. The machine described in claim 5, characterized in that the applicators spray adhesive material on the selected places of the end flaps raised upwards and on other places of the middle section of the preform.
7. The machine described in claim 6, characterized in that the angled forming blades and the rods receive the upper end flaps upwards of the preform and cause the wings to be folded in an internally superposed fashion along the pre-marked lines to partially form the end panels of the preform.
8. 8. The machine described in claim 7, characterized in that the second pair of angled rails is provided under the retractable or retractable mandrel to hold the end panels partially formed at an angle relative to the mandrel until the downward stroke of the mandrel passes through the mandrel. Press the panels between the rails and in a vertical orientation.
9. 9. The machine described in claim 7, characterized in that the second set of parallel forming vanes are retractable or retractable, so that after the mandrel has been retracted after the pressure displacement of the container preform between the vanes such, the pallets are retracted releasing the formed container preform to fall out of the machine.
10. 10. In a machine for forming a hard cardboard container, a preforming apparatus characterized in that it comprises: a. a vertical load compartment to receive a stack or stack of preforms of hard cardboard containers, flat, pre-cut and pre-marked, the compartment comprises an open end and two parallel side walls, an elevator, centering arms for the positioning of the preforms, a plurality of high suction devices for conveying the uppermost preform from the stack, a plurality of separation gates and angled support rails in the side walls of the compartment for raising the precut end flaps at the leading and trailing edges of the preform from the middle section thereof, and a high feed to transport the preform within the fin former of the machine; and b. a fin former for pre-folding the leading and trailing edges of the container preform, the former comprises a plurality of applicators for spraying adhesive onto the portions of the preform, a plurality of angled forming vanes and rods to form the end panels from the pre-scored, raised end flaps, at the leading and trailing edges of the container preform, a horizontal conveyor with attachment brackets for moving the preform through the pallets, a plurality of compression rollers to secure the fins sprayed with adhesive, folded, from the preform, and a conveyor to move the preform into a final container former. eleven . The machine described in claim 10, characterized in that the horizontal conveyor and the compression rollers in the fin former can be easily lowered when the machine is not operating, to allow access to the service inside the machine in the case of a clogging or inadequate feeding. The machine described in claim 10, characterized in that two pluralities of suction devices are provided in the compartment, the first such plurality is centrally located to reach the middle section of the uppermost container preform, and the second plurality as such. has locations near the four corners of the compartment in order to achieve the corners of the container preform, the second plurality is able to raise up the pre-cut end flaps at the corners of the container preform beyond the middle section Of the same. 1 3. The machine described in the claim 12, characterized in that a pair of separation gates is provided in each of the opposite side walls of the cargo compartment in the vicinity of the four corners of the cargo compartment, the gates of each pair being separated by an angled rail between these inside the side wall such, so that after the uppermost container preform is moved from the pile or pile, the activation of the gates provides support to the upper end flaps upwards thereof, support that is maintained by the rails as the preform is moved horizontally out of the compartment. 14. "The machine described in claim 1 3characterized in that each of the gates is comprised of a plate mounted on a pivot attached to an air cylinder, said plate is movable between a position that is at the level of the adjacent side wall, at a position that is at the level of the lane in adjacent angle. The machine described in claim 14, characterized in that the applicators spray adhesive material on the selected places of the end flaps raised upwards and on other places of the middle section of the preform. The machine described in claim 1, characterized in that the angled forming blades and the rods receive the upper end flaps upwards of the preform and cause the fins to be bent in an internally superposed manner along the lines pre-scored to partially form the end panels of the preform. 17. A method for forming a hard cardboard container, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: a. placing a stack or stack of pre-cut and pre-marked containers in a vertical load compartment, b. activate a lifting mechanism in the load compartment to lift the preform stack, c. center the position of the preforms in the compartment, d. apply suction to move the uppermost preform from the pile, the suction raises the corner flaps of the preform beyond the middle section thereof, e. activate the separation gates located in the side walls of the compartment to maintain the high separation of the corner fins, f. transporting the preform out of the compartment along a set of angled rails to maintain high spacing of the corner fins, g. apply adhesive to selected sections of the preform, h. pushing the preform through a plurality of folding paddles that fold the raised corner flaps in partial end panels, i. compress the folded panels together to secure the adhesive between them, j. move the bent preform under a vertically oriented mandrel, k. activating the mandrel in a downward stroke or stroke that pushes the preform through a first pair of parallel end panel forming blades, I. continue to push the preform downwards through a second perpendicular assembly of side panel formation blades, m. retract or retract the mandrel, and n. retract or retract the pallets to release the container.