MXPA98005800A - Aqueous suspensions of mineral materials and their u - Google Patents
Aqueous suspensions of mineral materials and their uInfo
- Publication number
- MXPA98005800A MXPA98005800A MXPA/A/1998/005800A MX9805800A MXPA98005800A MX PA98005800 A MXPA98005800 A MX PA98005800A MX 9805800 A MX9805800 A MX 9805800A MX PA98005800 A MXPA98005800 A MX PA98005800A
- Authority
- MX
- Mexico
- Prior art keywords
- test
- aqueous suspension
- mineral substances
- weight
- suspension
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 202
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 230000002209 hydrophobic Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 127
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 125
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 100
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxane Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 83
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 81
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 claims description 79
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 62
- 229960003563 Calcium Carbonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 57
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 57
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 55
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 45
- 125000004432 carbon atoms Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 45
- PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminium silicate Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- DOEXKUOGPAEBAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl N-(2-methylprop-2-enoyl)carbamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)NC(=O)C(C)=C DOEXKUOGPAEBAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- -1 2-ethylhexyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005660 hydrophilic surface Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- QUPDWYMUPZLYJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl radical Chemical compound C[CH2] QUPDWYMUPZLYJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- WCYWZMWISLQXQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl radical Chemical group [CH3] WCYWZMWISLQXQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000005265 dialkylamine group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Itaconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- SEILKFZTLVMHRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phosphonooxyethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOP(O)(O)=O SEILKFZTLVMHRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QNIRRHUUOQAEPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(prop-2-enoylamino)butane-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CCC(C)(S(O)(=O)=O)NC(=O)C=C QNIRRHUUOQAEPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M .beta-Phenylacrylic acid Natural products [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atoms Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 6
- FXNDIJDIPNCZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethylpent-1-ene Chemical group CC(=C)CC(C)(C)C FXNDIJDIPNCZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenesulfonic acid Chemical class OS(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- UDXXYUDJOHIIDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phosphonooxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OCCOC(=O)C=C UDXXYUDJOHIIDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZWJWOOXWVLIPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phosphonooxypropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)OC(C)COC(=O)C=C ZWJWOOXWVLIPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- MXRGSJAOLKBZLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethenylazepan-2-one Chemical compound C=CC1CCCCNC1=O MXRGSJAOLKBZLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N Citraconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C\C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinylpyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ADTJPOBHAXXXFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]prop-2-enamide Chemical compound CN(C)CCCNC(=O)C=C ADTJPOBHAXXXFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinylsulfonic acid Chemical class OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- IPZIVCLZBFDXTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl N-prop-2-enoylcarbamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)NC(=O)C=C IPZIVCLZBFDXTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- SZHIIIPPJJXYRY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-methylprop-2-ene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=C)CS([O-])(=O)=O SZHIIIPPJJXYRY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960005069 Calcium Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940018557 citraconic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- GQOKIYDTHHZSCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyl-bis(prop-2-enyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C=CC[N+](C)(C)CC=C GQOKIYDTHHZSCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BRWBXCPVJZQRHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phosphonooxypropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)OC(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C BRWBXCPVJZQRHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930016911 cinnamic acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013985 cinnamic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyanopropene-1 Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N Crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-IHWYPQMZSA-N Isocrotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C/C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XTUVJUMINZSXGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CNC1CCCCC1 XTUVJUMINZSXGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- CHANZKQICBJVSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethane;N,N-dimethylmethanamine;2-methylprop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCl.C[NH+](C)C.CC(=C)C([O-])=O CHANZKQICBJVSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002169 ethanolamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl amine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KUKFKAPJCRZILJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enenitrile;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical class C=CC#N.OC(=O)C=C KUKFKAPJCRZILJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JHPBZFOKBAGZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethylpentyl) 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical group CC(C)C(O)C(C)(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C JHPBZFOKBAGZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- RESQVPCTJIALIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylprop-2-enoic acid;sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.CC(=C)C(O)=O RESQVPCTJIALIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- URTHUUKWRYZGPD-UHFFFAOYSA-O chloroethane;trimethylazanium Chemical compound CCCl.C[NH+](C)C URTHUUKWRYZGPD-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 2
- OFTQXUUDDADFNU-UHFFFAOYSA-O dimethyl-[(2-methylprop-2-enoylamino)methyl]-propylazanium Chemical compound CCC[N+](C)(C)CNC(=O)C(C)=C OFTQXUUDDADFNU-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing Effects 0.000 claims 2
- HKUFIYBZNQSHQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-octadecyloctadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC HKUFIYBZNQSHQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tris Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- HGFYJGIULJHQJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl N-benzyl-N-prop-1-en-2-ylcarbamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)N(C(C)=C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 HGFYJGIULJHQJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- KIWBPDUYBMNFTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethyl sulfate Chemical compound CCOS([O-])(=O)=O KIWBPDUYBMNFTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 147
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 147
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 101
- QIWKUEJZZCOPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 QIWKUEJZZCOPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 71
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 55
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 17
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 13
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 230000005591 charge neutralization Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000001264 neutralization Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 12
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229940040608 SPS Drugs 0.000 description 7
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001983 poloxamer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000002708 enhancing Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001747 exhibiting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 4
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001929 titanium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920000126 Latex Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000000240 adjuvant Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001665 trituration Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl 2-methylacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UROPHWSHWQXFDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylprop-2-enoic acid;phenol Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O.OC1=CC=CC=C1 UROPHWSHWQXFDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminium hydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butanol Natural products CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000001736 Capillaries Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000159 acid neutralizing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating Effects 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N al2o3 Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive Effects 0.000 description 2
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XTJDUBPOTVNQPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-nonylphenyl) 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1OC(=O)C(C)=C XTJDUBPOTVNQPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OUEBZMGRFLTABC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1-(prop-2-enoylamino)propane-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(C)(C)CNC(=O)C=C OUEBZMGRFLTABC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFSAPCRASZRSKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylcyclohexan-1-one Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1=O LFSAPCRASZRSKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEIQOMCWGDNMHM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 5-phenylpenta-2,4-dienoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=CC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 FEIQOMCWGDNMHM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000409898 Empodisma minus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical class CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009114 investigational therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iso-propanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propanol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006254 rheological additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static Effects 0.000 description 1
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N stearylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004642 transportation engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The present invention relates to aqueous suspensions of mineral substances for use in the paper industry, which contains as a dispersing agent and / or grinding aid, a copolymer consisting of: at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a carboxylic function , optionally at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a sulfonic or phosphoric function of a mixture thereof, optionally, at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having no carboxylic function, at least one surface-active, ethylenically unsaturated, oxyalkylated monomer, which ends with a hydrophobic chain. The invention also relates to the uses thereof in the manufacture of paper and in the manufacture of coating colors for the pap.
Description
AQUEOUS SUSPENSIONS OF MINERAL MATERIALS AND THEIR USES
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to new aqueous suspensions of mineral fillers, proposed for the paper industry and to the use thereof in the manufacture of paper and in the manufacture of coating colors for paper.
Background of the Invention
In practice, these aqueous suspensions of mineral fillers, the rheology of which is such that it facilitates their use, are used as part of the paper and cardboard sheet manufacturing process, mixing them with aqueous suspensions of cellulose fibers to improve opacity, whiteness or the ability to print the paper produced. They are also used in all applications during which the paper is coated, and are in the form of aqueous compounds referred to as coating colors, essentially water compounds, binders and pigments or mineral fillers.
Ref .27972
These pigments or mineral fillers, which may be of various origins, have a different affinity to water depending on their nature. A first category consists of mineral substances with a charged hydrophilic surface such as synthetic or natural calcium carbonates, in particular chalks, calcites or marbles, dolomites or alternatively kaolins as well as calcium sulphate or titanium oxides, white satin, aluminum hydroxides or others, for example. A second category covers mineral fillers with a hydrophobic surface such as talc, mica and others, for example. Although these two types of mineral substances do not exhibit the same rheological behavior when placed in suspension in water, particularly when prepared in large concentrations, they must exhibit the same quality criteria for the user. The aqueous suspensions of the mineral substances must therefore have a sufficiently high flow limit to avoid any risk of sedimentation as well as a Brookfield viscosity high enough but not too high to prevent any hardening of the particles of the mineral substances, so that they will be easy for the user to manipulate even after the
Storage in tanks for several days without agitation. In addition, these suspensions should have as high a content of mineral substances as possible to reduce all costs inherent in transportation due to the amount of water present. Heretofore, suspensions of mineral substances with a charged hydrophilic surface have conventionally contained dispersion agents or grinding aids consisting of polyacrylates with a low molecular weight (EP 100 947, EP 542 643, EP 542 644). However, these agents have a disadvantage in that they are not very efficient when placed in hydrophobic substances of suspension and / or grinding, such as talc or mica, which are commonly used alone or mixed. The person skilled in the art usually uses suspensions of minerals with a hydrophobic surface containing other dispersing agents and / or grinding aids, these are copolymers in which one of the monomers has a surface active structure (EP 0 003 235, EP 0 215,565). These copolymers, however, have a disadvantage in that they are not efficient when they come to be placed in mineral substances of suspension and / or grinding with a hydrophilic surface such as
calcium carbonates or kaolins, calcium sulfate or titanium oxides, satin white, aluminum hydroxides or others. Accordingly, hitherto, in order to disperse and / or grind a mineral substance with a hydrophobic surface, it has been extremely difficult for the skilled person to use a dispersing and / or grinding agent known for its dispersion efficiency and / or as a adjuvant for crushing mineral substances with a hydrophilic surface and vice versa. Facing this problem of the use of dispersing agents and / or an adjuvant for the specific grinding for a type of mineral substance, the applicant has carried out a thorough investigation and has developed new suspensions of mineral pigment fillers which, regardless of the nature of the mineral substance, have the same rheological properties and contain the same dispersing agent and / or crushing adjuvant .
Detailed description of the invention
One of the objects of the invention, therefore, is to obtain aqueous suspensions of mineral substances which are easy to handle for the user and
They can be used in the paper industry, regardless of whether these mineral substances have hydrophilic surfaces or charged hydrophobic surfaces. This objective is achieved by using as a dispersing agent and / or crushing aid, a copolymer which consists of:
a) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer with a carboxylic function,
b) optionally, at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a sulfonic or phosphoric function or a mixture thereof,
c) optionally, at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer which does not have a carboxylic function,
d) at least one ethylenically unsaturated, oxyalkylated, surface active monomer, which ends with a hydrophobic chain, the radical of which is selected for the purpose of using the copolymer as a dispersing agent and / or crushing aid regardless of the type from
mineral substances that are going to be dispersed and / or crushed.
Another object of the invention is the use of these aqueous mineral filler suspensions as proposed by the invention in the manufacture of paper and coating colors for paper. The aqueous suspensions of the mineral substances proposed by the invention, which satisfy the quality criteria mentioned above, are characterized in that the copolymer, the dispersing agent and / or the grinding aid consists of:
a) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a carboxylic function, selected from monoacids such as acrylic, methacrylic, crotonic, isocrotonic or cinnamic acid, diacids such as itaconic, fumaric, maleic or citraconic acid, anhydrides of carboxylic acids such as maleic anhydride and hemi-esters of diacids such as monoesters of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, of maleic or itaconic acids or mixtures thereof,
b) optionally, at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a sulfonic function, selected from acrylamido-methyl-propan-sulfonic acid, sodium methallylsulfonate, vinyl sulfonic acids and styrene sulfonic acids, or having a phosphoric function selected from the phosphate of ethylene glycol methacrylate, ethylene glycol methacrylate phosphate, ethylene glycol acrylate phosphate, propylene glycol acrylate phosphate and its ethoxylates or mixtures thereof,
c) optionally, at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having no carboxylic function, selected from the group comprising the esters of acrylic or methacrylic acids such as the methyl, ethyl, butyl, 2-ethylhexyl, or acrylonitrile acrylates or methacrylates, methacrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, styrene, methylstyrene, diisobutylene, vinylpyrrolidone, vinylcaprolactam, or alternatively the unsaturated amides such as acrylamide, methacrylamide or its substituted derivatives such as, for example, dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide or methacrylamide, the acrylic or methacrylic esters of glycol, chloride or methacrylamido-propyltrimethylammonium sulfate,
sulfate or trimethyl ammonium-ethyl chloride methacrylate as well as their quaternized acrylate and acrylamide and / or dimethyldiallylammonium chloride counterparts,
d) at least one ethylenically unsaturated oxyalkylated monomer ending with a hydrophobic chain having the general formula (I):
[1 R L (CH2_CH_0) m (_CH2_CH2_0) n (_CH2_CH_0) p | q_R 'L I I J Rl R2
in which:
m and p represent a number of alkylene oxide units less than or equal to 100, n represents a number of ethylene oxide units less than or equal to 100, q is a number at least equal to 1 and such that:
0 < q (n + m + p) < 100
Rx is hydrogen or the methyl or ethyl radical,
R2 is hydrogen or the methyl or ethyl radical.
R represents the polymerizable unsaturated radical belonging to the group of acrylic, methacrylic, maleic, itaconic, crotonic, vinylphthalic esters as well as unsaturated urethanes such as, for example, acryl urethane, methacrylurethane, aa'dimethyl-m-isopropenyl-benzylurethane, allylurethane .
R 'represents the hydrophobic radical such as the tristyrylphenyl group or the linear, branched alkyl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, aryl groups having at least 8 carbon atoms or the dialkylamines having at least 8 carbon atoms when R represents the urethanes unsaturated or R 'represents hydrophobic radicals such as tristyrylphenyl as well as linear or branched alkyl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, aryl groups having more than 30 carbon atoms or dialkylamines having more than 22 carbon atoms when R represents the polymerizable unsaturated radical that belongs to the group of acrylic esters,
methacrylic, maleic, itaconic, crotonic or vinylphthalic,
the total constituents of (a), (b), (c) and (d) is equal to 100 and in that it has a viscosity when very much equal to 50 and preferably when very much equal to 25. More specifically, this suspension Aqueous mineral substances proposed by the invention and containing a copolymer as a dispersing agent and / or trituration aid, is characterized in that the copolymer is composed as follows:
a) from 99 to 10% and even more particularly for reasons inherent in the polymerization process from 97% to 50% of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a carboxylic function, selected from onoacids such as acrylic, methacrylic acid , crotonic, isocrotonic, cinnamic, diacids such as itaconic, fumaric, maleic, citraconic acid, or carboxylic acid anhydrides such as maleic anhydride and diacid hemi-esters such as monoesters with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, of maleic or itaconic acids or mixtures thereof,
b) from 0 to 50% of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a sulfonic function, selected from acrylamido-methyl-propan-sulphonic acid, sodium methallylsulfonate, vinyl sulfonic acid and styrene sulfonic acids, or having a functional phosphoric selected from ethylene glycol methacrylate phosphate, propylene glycol methacrylate phosphate, ethylene glycol acrylate phosphate, propylene glycol acrylate phosphate and its ethoxylates or mixtures thereof,
c) from 0% to 50% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having no carboxylic function, selected from the group comprising acrylic or methacrylic acid esters such as methyl, ethyl, butyl acrylates or methacrylates, 2- ethyl hexyl or acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, styrene, methylstyrene, diisobutylene, vinylpyrrolidone, vinylcaprolactam, or unsaturated amides such as acrylamide, methacrylamide or its substituted derivatives such as for example dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide or methacrylamide, acrylic esters or
methacrylics of glycol, chloride or sulfate of methacrylated ido-propyltrimethylammonium, the methacrylate of the chloride or sulfate of tri-ethyl-ammonium-ethyl as well as their counterparts of acrylate and quaternized acrylamide and / or di-ethyldiallylammonium chloride,
d) from 1% to 90% and even more particularly for reasons pertaining to the copolymerization process of 3% to 50% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated oxyalkylated monomer terminating with a hydrophobic chain, of the general formula (I) :
r i R l_ (CH2_CH_0) m (_CH2_CH2_0) n (_CH2_CH_0) p | q_R 'L I I J
in which:
m and p represent a number of alkylene oxide units less than or equal to 100, n represents a number of ethylene oxide units less than or equal to 100, q is a number at least equal to 1 and such that:
0 < q (n + m + p) < 100
Ri is hydrogen or the methyl or ethyl radical,
R2 is hydrogen or the methyl or ethyl radical.
R represents the polymerizable unsaturated radical belonging to the group of acrylic, methacrylic, maleic, itaconic, crotonic, vinylphthalic esters as well as unsaturated urethanes such as, for example, acryl urethane, methacrylurethane, aa'dimethyl-m-isopropenyl-benzylurethane, allylurethane .
R 'represents the hydrophobic radical such as tristyrylphenyl or linear, branched alkyl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, aryl groups having at least 8 carbon atoms or dialkylamines having at least 8 carbon atoms when R represents unsaturated urethanes
O R 'represents hydrophobic radicals such as tristyrylphenyl as well as linear or branched alkyl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, aryl groups having more than
carbon atoms or dialkylamines having more than 22 carbon atoms when R represents the polymerizable unsaturated radical belonging to the group of acrylic, methacrylic, maleic, itaconic, crotonic or vinylphthalic esters,
the total constituents of (a), (b), (c) and (d) is equal to 100
and in that it has a viscosity at most equal to 50 and preferably at most equal to 25.
This co-polymer is obtained by known methods of radical copolymerization in solution, in direct or reverse emulsion, in suspension or precipitation in appropriate solvents in the presence of known catalyst systems and transfer agents. This copolymer obtained in the acidic and possibly distilled form can be neutralized partially or totally by one or more neutralization agents having a monovalent function or a polyvalent function such as, for example, those selected from the group comprising the alkali cations, in particularly sodium, potassium, or ammonium or alternatively amines
primary, secondary or tertiary aliphatic and / or cyclics such as, for example, stearylamine, ethanolamines (mono-, di-triethanolamine), mono- and diethyl amine, cyclohexylamine, methylcyclohexylamine or those selected from the group comprising divalent alkaline earth cations , in particular magnesium or calcium or alternatively zinc, as well as trivalent cations, including in particular aluminum, or alternatively certain cations with a higher valence. Each neutralization agent is used in an amount suitable for the rates of neutralization appropriate to each function of the valence. Once obtained, this copolymer can be used in the fully acidic or partially neutralized or fully neutralized form. In another variant, the copolymer produced by the copolymerization reaction can be treated and separated into several phases, either before or after the partial or total neutralization reaction, using static or dynamic processes familiar to those skilled in the art, by one or more polar solvents which belong in particular to the group comprising water, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanols, ketones, such as, in particular, acetone,
methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone or alternatively tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl sulfoxide or mixtures thereof. One of the phases then corresponds to the copolymer contained in the aqueous suspension of the mineral substances as proposed by the invention. The specific viscosity of the copolymer is symbolized by the letter ?? "and is determined as follows:
A polymer solution is compounded until a solution corresponding to 2.5 g of the dry polymer neutralized with soda and 50 ml of a bi-mutated aqueous solution is obtained. Using a capillary viscometer with a Baume constant equal to 0.000105 placed in a bath thermostatically controlled at 25 ° C, a measurement is taken of the flow time of a given volume of the solution mentioned above containing the polymer as well as the flow time of the same solution of the bi-permuted water without said copolymer. Then it will be possible to define the specific viscosity ??? "by means of the following equation:
(flow time of (flow time of polymer solution) permuted aqueous solution)
flow time of the permuted aqueous solution
The capillary tube is generally selected so that the flow time of the permuted aqueous solution without the copolymer is from about 90 to 100 seconds, thereby giving highly accurate specific viscosity readings. The mineral substances used in the invention are of very different origins and can be classified into two categories. The first category is composed of mineral substances with a charged hydrophilic surface such as natural or synthetic calcium carbonates, for example, particularly chalks, calcites, marbles or dolomites or alternatively kaolins, calcium sulfate, titanium oxides or satin white or hydroxides of aluminum or any other mineral with a hydrophilic surface. The second includes mineral fillers with a hydrophobic surface such as, for example, talc, mica and any other mineral with a hydrophobic surface.
Apart from the copolymer used as a dispersing agent and / or grinding aid, this aqueous suspension of mineral substances is characterized in that the substance or mineral substances are selected from either mineral substances with a hydrophilic charged surface such as natural calcium carbonates. or synthetics, in particular chalk, calcite, marble or dolomite or kaolins, calcium sulfate, titanium oxides or mixtures thereof, or are selected from mineral substances with a hydrophobic surface such as talc or mica or mixtures thereof. the same in particular, or alternatively a mixture of mineral fillers with a hydrophilic surface and mineral fillers with a hydrophobic surface. In practice, one way to disperse the substance or mineral substances to be dispersed is to prepare, under agitation, an aqueous solution of the dispersion agent proposed by the invention to which the substance or mineral substances to be dispersed , they are added. For the purposes of the invention, the dispersing agent is introduced in an amount from 0.05% up to 5% by weight of the dry fraction of the polymers relative to the dry weight of the substance or mineral substances to be refined.
Similarly, in practice, the grinding operation of the substance or mineral substances to be refined consists in grinding the mineral substance or substances with a grinding medium in very fine particles in an aqueous medium containing the agent of trituration. An aqueous suspension is then formed of the substance or mineral substances that are to be ground. The grinding medium added to the suspension of the substance or mineral substances to be ground advantageously has a grain size of between 0.20 and 4 millimeters. The grinding medium is generally present in the form of particles of substances as diverse as silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide or mixtures thereof as well as very hard synthetic resins, steels or others. An example of a composition for such a grinding medium is given in patent FR 2 303 681 which describes a grinding medium composed of up to 30 to 70% by weight of zirconium oxide, 0.1 to 5% of aluminum oxide and from 5 to 20% of the silicon oxide. Preferably, the grinding medium is added to the suspension in an amount such that the weight ratio of this grinding medium to the mineral substance or substances that are
to be crushed is at least 2/1, this ratio is preferably within the ranges of 3/1 and 5/1. The mixture of the suspension and the grinding medium is then subjected to mechanical agitation, such as that produced in a conventional crusher with microelements. According to the invention, the dispersing agent and / or the grinding aid is also introduced into the mixture comprising the aqueous suspension of mineral substances and the grinding medium in an amount of 0.05% to 5% by weight of the dry fraction of the polymers with relation to the dry weight of the substance or mineral substances that are going to be refined. The time necessary to produce an excellent fineness of the mineral substances after grinding will depend on the nature and amount of the mineral substances to be ground as well as the method of agitation used and the ambient temperature during the grinding operation. If the substance or mineral substances are one or more mineral substances with a hydrophilic surface, the aqueous suspension of mineral substances proposed by the invention will also have a high yield strength as well as a viscosity of
Brookfield lowers with high contents of the dry substance, ie at least 45% and preferably 60%. If the substance or mineral substances are one or more mineral substances with a hydrophobic surface, the aqueous suspension of the mineral substances proposed by the invention will have a high yield strength and a low Brookfield viscosity with high contents of the dry substance, i.e. minus 45% and preferably at least 60%. Similarly, if the mineral substances are a mixture of mineral substances with a hydrophilic surface and mineral substances with a hydrophobic surface, the aqueous suspension of the mineral substances proposed by the invention will have a high yield strength and a low Brookfield viscosity with high contents of the dry substance, ie at least 45% and preferably at least 60%. The aforementioned rheological properties of the aqueous suspensions of the mineral substances proposed by the invention make them suitable for use in the paper industry, particularly as a mass or serial filter for paper or as an essential component in the colors of covering.
The coating colors of the invention are prepared in a manner known to those skilled in the art by mixing the mineral filler suspensions of the invention with water and one or more binders of natural or synthetic origin such as, for example, starch. , carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohols or alternatively the latex of the styrene butadiene or styrene acrylate type or alternatively the latex of the acrylic, vinyl or other types. The coating colors may contain, in a manner known to those skilled in the art, the usual additives such as rheology modifiers, organic fillers, antifoaming agents, optical brighteners, biocides, lubricants, hydroxides. alkaline and others. The scale of importance of the invention will be more readily appreciated from the following examples, which are not restrictive in any respect, particularly in terms of the order in which the various constituents are introduced to the suspensions.
EXAMPLE 1;
This example relates to the preparation of aqueous suspensions of calcium carbonate. For this purpose, for each of the following tests, carried out on a marble from the Gummern deposit (Austria) in which the grain size is such that 90% of the particles are of a diameter smaller than 2 micrometers, an amount of Marble necessary to obtain a suspension with a concentration of 65% of the dry substance is introduced into a two-liter laboratory beaker containing water. This laboratory vessel also contains an amount of the copolymer to be tested, which corresponds to 0.5% by weight of the dry copolymer in relation to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. After 20 minutes of agitation, the Brookfield viscosity is measured at room temperature, using a Brookfield viscometer of the RVT type at 10 revolutions per minute (r / min.) And 100 r / min. Using the appropriate spindle.
Test No. 1:
This test, which illustrates the prior art, uses a sodium polyacrylate with a specific viscosity of 0.45.
Test No 2 :
This test, which illustrates the prior art, uses a mixture consisting of 25 parts by weight of a sodium polyacrylate with a specific viscosity of 0.45 and 75 parts by weight of an alkylene polyoxide marketed under the name of Pluroníc PE 4300 by BASF .
Test No. 3:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 4.35 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 4:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 4.38 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 40 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No 5 :
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 4.43 and composed, in percent by weight, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 60 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 6:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 2.54 and composed, in percent by weight, of:
95% acrylic acid 5% methacrylurethane of the general formula (I) in which the hydrophobic radical R 'is a linear alkyl group with 22 carbon atoms, m and p are equal to 0, q = 1 and n = 25.
Test No 7:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized by soda having a specific viscosity of 1.52 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 95% acrylic acid 5% methacrylate of the general formula (I) in which the hydrophobic radical R 'is a group -N- (R "R' '') wherein
R "and R '' 'are linear alkyl chains with 12 carbon atoms, and p is equal to 0, q = l and n = 50.
Test No 8:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 2.47 and composed, in percent by weight, of: 95% acrylic acid
% methacrylurethane of the general formula (I) in which the hydrophobic radical Rr is a branched alkyl group with 28 carbon atoms, m and p are equal to 0, q = l and n = 25.
Test No. 9:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 1.79 and composed, in percent by weight, of: 95% acrylic acid 5% methacryl urethane of the general formula (I) in wherein the hydrophobic radical R 'is a branched alkyl group with 30 carbon atoms, m and p are equal to 0, q = lyn = 25.
Test No. 10:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 2.59 and composed, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% methacrylate of the general formula (I) in which the hydrophobic radical R 'is a branched alkyl group
with 32 carbon atoms, m and p are equal to 0, q = l and n = 25.
Test No. 11:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 5.49 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 80% acrylic acid 2% ethyl acrylate 8% methacrylic acid 10 % methacrylurethane of the general formula (I) in which the hydrophobic radical R 'is a tristyrylphenyl radical, m and p are equal to 0, q = lyn = 25.
Test No. 12:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 3.02 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 97% acrylic acid 3% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 13:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 3.94 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 93% acrylic acid 7% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 14:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 3.74 and composed, by weight percent, of: 85% acrylic acid 15% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 15:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 7.53 and compound, in weight percentage, of:
85% acrylic acid 5% methacrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 iols of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 16:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 5.58 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 85% acrylic acid 5% itaconic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate Ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 17:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 7.16 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 85% acrylic acid 5% maleic acid 10% tristyryl methacrylate phenol Ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 18:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 6.68 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 85% acrylic acid 5% acrylamido-methyl-propan-sulfonic acid 10 % tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 19:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 4.38 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 85% acrylic acid 5% acrylamide 10% tristyryl phenol ethoxylated methacrylate with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 20:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda that has a
specific viscosity of 5.71 and compound, in percentage by weight, of: 85% acrylic acid 5% phosphate of ethylene glycol methacrylate 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 21:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 5.49 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 80% acrylic acid 2% ethyl acrylate 8% methacrylic acid 10 % methacryl urethane of the general formula (I) in which the hydrophobic radical R 'is a tristyrylphenyl radical, m and p are equal to 0, q = lyn = 25.
Test No. 22:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda that has a
specific viscosity of 0.67 and compound, in percentage by weight, of: 95% acrylic acid 5% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 23:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 1.94 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 24:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 2.66 and composed, in percent by weight, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 25:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 12.04 and composed, in percent by weight, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 26:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 70% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 4.35 and composed, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
The results of all these experiments are shown in Table 1, which is given below.
TABLE 1
Table 1 highlights the fact that by applying the invention, aqueous suspensions of calcium carbonate with low Brookfield viscosities are obtained. It is also obvious from the reading of the table that using a polyacrylate in conjunction with an alkylene polyoxide, a formula commonly used to place mineral substances with a hydrophobic surface in suspension, does not produce calcium carbonate suspensions with a Brookfield viscosity. low.
EXAMPLE 2
This example illustrates the invention and involves the preparation of an aqueous suspension of calcium carbonate with a content of the dry substance equal to 45%. For this purpose, for the purposes of the test No. 27 given below, carried out using a marble from the Gummern deposit (Austria) in which the grain size is such that 90% of the particles are of a diameter of less than 2 micrometers, a quantity of the marble needed to obtain a suspension with a concentration of 45% of the dry substance is added, pouring it and with agitation, into a two-liter laboratory beaker containing water. This glass
of the laboratory also contains an amount of the copolymer to be tested which corresponds to 0.23% by weight of the dry copolymer in relation to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. The copolymer used is a 75% neutralized polymer by soda and the product of a fractionation process, having a specific viscosity of 4.35 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate Ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide. After 20 minutes of agitation, the Brookfield viscosities are measured at room temperature using a Brookfield viscometer of the RVT type at 10 revolutions per minute (r / min) and 100 r / min using the appropriate spindle. These viscosities are respectively 790 mPa.s and 110 mPa.s.
EXAMPLE 3
This example also involves the preparation of aqueous suspensions of calcium carbonate but with a coarser or coarse grain size. For this purpose, for each of the following tests carried out on marble from a deposit of
Norway in which the size of the grain is such that 60% of the particles are of a diameter less than 2 micrometers, a quantity of marble necessary to obtain a suspension with a concentration of 75% of the dry substance is added, pouring it and under stirring, to a two-liter laboratory beaker containing water. This laboratory beaker also contains an amount of the copolymer to be tested, which corresponds to 0.5% by weight of the dry copolymer in relation to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. After 20 minutes of agitation, the Brookfield (TO) vicosities are measured at room temperature, using a Brookfield viscometer of the DVII type at 100 r / min. Using the appropriate spindle. The Brookfield viscosities are also determined after 24 hours, 2 days, 3 days and one week of storage without agitation. Once a Brookfield viscosity reading has been taken prior to agitation (AVAG viscosity) after 7 days of storage, the sample is agitated to determine the Brookfield viscosity after agitation (APAG viscosity). In addition, these samples were diluted to 72% and stored for 7 days to verify if there was
some sedimentation by inserting a spatula down to the base of the container.
Test No. 28:
This test, which illustrates the prior art, uses a sodium polyacrylate with a specific viscosity of 0.45.
Test No. 29:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 1.94 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 30:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 3.02 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 97% acrylic acid
3% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 31:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 4.38 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 85% acrylic acid 5% maleic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate Ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 32:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% polymer neutralized with soda having a specific viscosity of 5.49 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 80% acrylic acid 2% ethyl acrylate 8% methacrylic acid 10 % methacryl urethane of the general formula (I), in which the hydrophobic radical R 'is a tristyrylphenyl radical, m and p are equal to 0, q = lyn = 25.
The results of all these tests are described in Table 2 below.
O TABLE 2 - d
Table 2 highlights the fact that aqueous suspensions of calcium carbonate can be obtained, which have low Brookfield viscosities, are stable over time and do not exhibit any tendency to sedimentation despite the fact that the size of the grain of the constituent particles is not so fine.
Example 4
This example relates to the preparation of aqueous suspensions of talc. For this purpose and using the same method of operation except that the agitation duration is 45 minutes and using the same equipment as that used in Example 1, the talc, Finntalc CIO sold by Finnminerals, is mixed with a quantity of water necessary to produce a suspension with a 65% concentration of the dry substance and an amount of fully neutralized polymer to be tested corresponding to 2.0% by dry weight of the dry acid copolymer relative to the total weight of the dry substance present in the the suspension.
Test No. 33:
This test, which illustrates the prior art, uses a sodium polyacrylate with a specific viscosity of 0.45. It can not be placed in suspension due to the fact that the agitator becomes blocked due to a too high viscosity.
Test No. 34:
This test, which illustrates the prior art, uses a mixture consisting of 25 parts by weight of a sodium polyacrylate having a specific viscosity of 0.45 and 75 parts by weight of an alkylene polyoxide marketed under the name of Pluronic PE 4300 by BASF.
Test No. 35:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 7.5 and is composed, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid
% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 16 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 36:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 4.0 and is composed, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 8 moles of ethylene oxide and oxypropyl with 13 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 37
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 4.35 and is composed, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 38:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 4.38 and is composed, in percent by weight, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 40 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 39:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 4.43 and is composed, in percent by weight, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 60 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 40:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being neutralized 100%
with soda, it is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 2.59 and is composed, in percent by weight, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% methacrylate of the general formula (I) in which the hydrophobic radical R 'is a branched alkyl group with 32 carbon atoms, myp equals 0, q = lyn = 25.
Test No. 41:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 5.49 and is composed, in weight percent, of: 80% acrylic acid 2% ethyl acrylate 8% methacrylic acid 10% methacrylurethane of the general formula (I) in which the hydrophobic radical Rf is a tristyrylphenyl radical, m and p are equal to 0, q = lyn = 25.
Test No. 42:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 3.02 and is composed, in percent by weight, of: 97% acrylic acid 3% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 43:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer, which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 3.31 and is composed, in percent by weight, of: 95% acid acrylic 5% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 44:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being neutralized 100%
with soda, it is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 3.94 and is composed, in percent by weight, of: 93% acrylic acid 7% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 45:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 3.74 and is composed, in weight percentage, of: 85% acrylic acid 15% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 46:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 7.53 and is composed, in weight percentage, of: 85% acrylic acid
% methacrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 47:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 5.58 and is composed, in percent by weight, of: 85% acrylic acid 5% itaconic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 48:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 7.16 and is composed, in percent by weight, of: 85% acrylic acid 5% maleic acid
% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 49:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 6.68 and is composed, in weight percentage, of: 85% acrylic acid 5% acrylamido-methyl-propan-sulphonic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 50:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 4.38 and is composed, in percent by weight, of: 85% acrylic acid 5% acrylamide 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 51:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 5.71 and is composed, in weight percentage, of: 85% acrylic acid 5% ethylene glycol methacrylate phosphate 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 52:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 5.49 and is composed, in weight percentage, of: 80% acrylic acid 2% ethyl acrylate 8% methacrylic acid 10% methacrylurethane of the general formula (I) in which the hydrophobic radical Rr is a tristyrylphenyl radical, m and p are equal to 0, q = lyn = 25.
Test No. 53:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 1.94 and is composed, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 54:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 2.66 and is composed, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 55:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being neutralized 100%
with soda, it is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 3.38 and is composed, in percent by weight, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 56:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 12.04 and is composed, in percent by weight, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 57:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a neutralized polymer, in molar percentage, 75% with soda and 25% with lime, which has a specific viscosity of 4.35 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 90% acid acrylic
% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 58:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a neutralized polymer, in molar percentage, 50% with soda and 50% with lime, which has a specific viscosity of 4.35 and compound, in percentage by weight, of: 90% acid Acrylic 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 59:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a neutralized polymer, in molar percentage, 25% with soda and 75% with lime, which has a specific viscosity of 4.35 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 90% acid Acrylic 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 60:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a neutralized polymer, in molar percentage, 75% with soda and 25% with lime, which has a specific viscosity of 4.35 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 90% acid Acrylic 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 61:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer 100% neutralized with potash, having a specific viscosity of 4.35 and composed, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25% strength. moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 62:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer 100% neutralized with ammonia, which has
a specific viscosity of 4.35 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
The results of all the tests are described in Tables 3.1 and 3.2 given below.
- TABLE 3.1
- TABLE 3.2 -
Tables 3.1 and 3.2 enhance the fact that aqueous talc suspensions can be produced by the invention, which have Brookfield viscosities at an elevated concentration of the dry substance. The Tables also show that the use of a polyacrylate commonly used to place mineral substances with a hydrophilic substance in
Suspension will not allow talc suspensions of a low Brookfield viscosity to be produced.
EXAMPLE 5:
As with the preceding example, this example describes the preparation of aqueous suspensions of talc but containing a different amount of copolymer. For this purpose and using the same operating method and the same equipment as those used in the preceding example, the Finntal CIO sold by Finnminerals is mixed with an amount of water necessary to produce a suspension with a concentration of 65% of the dry substance and an amount of the copolymer to be tested corresponding to 1.0% by dry weight of the dry acid copolymer relative to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension.
Test No. 63:
This test, which illustrates the prior art, uses a sodium polyacrylate with a specific viscosity of 0.45. It could not be put into suspension since the agitator became blocked due to too high a viscosity.
Test No. 64:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 24 and is composed, in weight percentage, of: 85% acrylic acid 15% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 65:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 19 and is composed, in weight percentage, of: 80% acrylic acid 20% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide and oxypropyl with 13 moles of propylene oxide
Test No. 66:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer compound, in percentage by weight, of: 70% acrylic acid 30% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 67:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer compound, in percentage by weight, of: 60% acrylic acid 40% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 68:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 4.47 and is composed, in percent by weight, of: 50% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide
40% acrylamido-2-methyl-2-propan sulfonic acid.
Test No. 69:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 3.0 and is composed, in percent by weight, of: 50% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide 40% of ethylene glycol methacrylate phosphate.
Test No. 70:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer which, after being 100% neutralized with soda, is a polymer having a specific viscosity of 3.67 and is composed, in percent by weight, of: 40% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide 50% acrylamide.
The results of all the tests are described in Table 4 given below: - TABLE 4 -
Table 4 enhances the effect that the invention is capable of producing aqueous suspensions of talc with low Brookfield viscosities at an elevated concentration of the dry substance. It is also shown that using polyacrylate such as that commonly used to place or suspend mineral substances with a hydrophilic surface, will not produce talc suspensions with a low Brookfield viscosity.
EXAMPLE 6:
This example describes the preparation of aqueous suspensions of mica. For this purpose, using the same operating method and the same equipment as those used in example 1, the mica, sold under the name of Ascoat 30 by Jungbunzlauer GmbH, is mixed with an amount of water necessary to obtain a suspension with a concentration 68% of the dry substance and an amount of the copolymer to be tested corresponding to 0.6% by dry weight of the dry copolymer in relation to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension.
Test No. 71:
This test, which illustrates the prior art, uses a 100% neutralized copolymer with soda, having a specific viscosity of 4.7 and composed, in weight percent, of 90% acrylic acid and 10% methacrylate of ethanolated lauryl alcohol with 23 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 72:
This test, which illustrates the prior art, uses a 100% neutralized copolymer with soda having a specific viscosity of 4.66 and is composed, in weight percentage, of 90% acrylic acid and 10% nonyl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 30 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 73:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer 100% neutralized with soda, having a specific viscosity of 4.0 and composed, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 8 moles of ethylene oxide and oxypropyl ether with 13 moles of propylene oxide.
Test No. 74:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer 100% neutralized with soda, having a specific viscosity of 4.35 and composed, in weight percentage, of:
90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 75:
This test, illustrating the invention, uses a 100% neutralized polymer with soda, having a specific viscosity of 4.38 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 40% by weight. moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 76:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer 100% neutralized with soda, having a specific viscosity of 4.43 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 60 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 77:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer 100% neutralized with soda, having a specific viscosity of 2.54 and composed, in weight percentage, of: 95% acrylic acid 5% methacrylurethane of the general formula (I ) in which the hydrophobic radical R 'is a linear alkyl group with 22 carbon atoms, m and p are equal to 0, q = lyn = 25.
Test No. 78:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer 100% neutralized with soda, having a specific viscosity of 1.52 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 95% acrylic acid 5% methacrylate of the general formula (I ) in which the hydrophobic radical R 'is a group -N- (R "R') wherein R" and R '' 'are linear alkyl chains with 12 carbon atoms, m and p are equal to 0, q = 2 and n = 25.
Test No. 79:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer 100% neutralized with soda, having a specific viscosity of 2.47 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 95% acrylic acid 5% methacrylate of the general formula (I ) in which the hydrophobic radical R 'is a branched alkyl group with 28 carbon atoms, m and p are equal to 0, q = lyn = 25.
Test No. 80:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer 100% neutralized with soda, having a specific viscosity of 1.79 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 95% acrylic acid 5% methacrylurethane of the general formula (I ) in which the hydrophobic radical R 'is a branched alkyl group with 30 carbon atoms, m and p are equal to 0, q = lyn = 25.
Test No. 81:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer 100% neutralized with soda, having a specific viscosity of 2.59 and composed, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% methacrylate of general formula (I) wherein the hydrophobic radical R 'is a branched alkyl group with 32 carbon atoms, m and p are equal to 0, q = l, and n = 25.
Test No. 82:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer 100% neutralized with soda, having a specific viscosity of 3.02 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 97% acrylic acid 3% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25% by weight. moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 83:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% neutralized polymer with soda, which has a
specific viscosity of 3.94 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 93% acrylic acid 7% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 84:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% neutralized polymer with soda, having a specific viscosity of 3.74 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 85% acrylic acid 15% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25% by weight. moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 85:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer 100% neutralized with soda, having a specific viscosity of 4.38 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 85% acrylic acid 5% acrylamide 10% tristyryl methacrylate phenol ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 86:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer 100% neutralized with soda, having a specific viscosity of 0.67 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 95% acrylic acid 5% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25% by weight. moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 87:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer 100% neutralized with soda, having a specific viscosity of 1.94 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25% by weight. moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 88:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer 100% neutralized with soda, having a specific viscosity of 2.66 and compound, in weight percentage, of:
90% acrylic acid 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
All the test results are described in table 5 given below:
TABLE 5 -
Table 5 enhances the effect that the invention can be used to obtain aqueous suspensions of mica with low Brookfield viscosities at high concentration of the dry substance. The table also shows that aqueous suspensions of mica with a low Brookfield viscosity can not be obtained using a prior art copolymer.
EXAMPLE 7
This example relates to the preparation of aqueous suspensions of kaolin. For this purpose and using the same operating method and the same equipment as those used in the previous example, kaolin, sold under the name of SPS by ECC, is mixed with an amount of water necessary to produce a suspension with a concentration of 66%. % of the dry substance and an amount of the copolymer to be tested which corresponds to 0.52% by dry weight of the dry acid copolymer in relation to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension.
Test No. 89:
This test, which illustrates the prior art, uses a sodium polyacrylate with a specific viscosity of 0.45.
Test No. 90:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer 100% neutralized with soda, having a specific viscosity of 0.40 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 95% acrylic acid 5% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with moles of ethylene oxide.
Test No. 91:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a polymer 100% neutralized with soda, having a specific viscosity of 0.42 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 95% acrylic acid 5% methacrylate of the general formula (I ) in which the hydrophobic radical R 'is a branched alkyl group with
32 carbon atoms, m and p are equal to 0, q = l and n = 25. The results of the tests are described in table 6 given below:
- TABLE 6 -
Table 6 enhances the fact that the invention can be used to produce aqueous suspensions of kaolin with low Brookfield viscosities at a high concentration of the dry substance.
EXAMPLE 8:
This example relates to the preparation of aqueous suspensions of mixtures of mineral substances, regardless of whether they have a hydrophilic or hydrophobic surface.
Test No. 92:
This test illustrates the invention and consists in the parallel preparation of an aqueous suspension of calcium carbonate and an aqueous suspension of kaolin, then forming a mixture of equal weight of the dry substance of the two aqueous suspensions produced. For this purpose, using a marble from a Norwegian tank in which the grain size is such that 60% of the particles are less than 2 micrometers in diameter, an aqueous suspension of calcium carbonate is introduced, by pouring and under agitation, a quantity of the marble necessary to make up a suspension with a concentration of 70% of the dry substance, in a two-liter laboratory beaker containing water. This laboratory beaker also contains an amount of the copolymer to be tested which corresponds to 0.5% by weight of the dry acid copolymer relative to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. The copolymer used in this test is a polymer which, after 100% neutralization with soda, is a polymer with a specific viscosity of 4.35 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid
% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide. In the same way and using the same equipment, an aqueous suspension of kaolin (sold under the name of SPS by ECC) is prepared simultaneously, which has a concentration of 63% of the dry substance and a content of copolymer that is going to be tested 0.5% by weight of the dry acid in relation to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. After stirring these two suspensions for 20 minutes, they are mixed by pouring them into a laboratory beaker, 714.3 grams of the first and about 793.7 grams of the other, to produce an aqueous suspension which is 50% by dry weight of the carbonate. of calcium and 50% dry weight of kaolin. After stirring the mixture for 10 minutes, the Brookfield (To) viscosity is measured at room temperature using a Brookfield viscometer of the DVII type at 100 r / min. using the appropriate spindle. The Brookfield viscosity measured is 1900 mPa.s. The aqueous suspension obtained according to the invention is therefore a mixed suspension (50% / 50% by dry weight) of calcium carbonate and kaolin, which is easy to handle at an elevated concentration of the dry substance (66.3% ).
Test No. 93:
This test illustrates the invention and consists in the parallel preparation of an aqueous suspension of calcium carbonate and an aqueous suspension of kaolin, then forming a mixture to produce a suspension of 70% by dry weight of calcium carbonate and 30% by weight dry of the kaolin. For this purpose, using a Norwegian deposit marble in which the grain size is such that 60% of the particles are of a diameter of less than 2 micrometers, an aqueous suspension of calcium carbonate is made by introducing, by pouring and stirring, a quantity of the marble necessary to compose a suspension with a concentration of 70% of the dry substance, in a two-liter laboratory beaker containing water. This laboratory beaker also contains an amount of the copolymer to be tested which corresponds to 0.5% by weight of the dry acid copolymer relative to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. The copolymer used in this test is a polymer which, after 100% neutralization with soda, is a polymer with a specific viscosity of 4.35 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid
% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide. In the same way and using the same equipment, an aqueous suspension of kaolin (sold under the name of SPS by ECC) is prepared simultaneously, which has a concentration of 63% of the dry substance and a content of copolymer that is going to be tested 0.5% by weight of the dry acid in relation to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. After stirring these two suspensions for 20 minutes, they are mixed by pouring them into a laboratory beaker, 1000 grams of the first and about 476.2 grams of the other, to produce an aqueous suspension which is 70% by dry weight of the carbonate. of calcium and 30% dry weight of kaolin. After stirring the mixture for 10 minutes, the Brookfield (To) viscosity is measured at room temperature using a Brookfield viscometer of the DVII type at 100 r / min. using the appropriate spindle. The Brookfield viscosity measured is 1100 mPa.s. The aqueous suspension obtained according to the invention is therefore a mixed suspension (70% / 30% by dry weight) of calcium carbonate and kaolin, which is easy to handle at an elevated concentration of the dry substance (67.7% ).
Test No. 94:
This test illustrates the invention and consists in the parallel preparation of an aqueous suspension of kaolin and an aqueous suspension of mica, then forming a mixture to obtain a suspension of 50% by dry weight of kaolin and 50% by dry weight of mica. For this purpose, an aqueous suspension of kaolin is prepared by introducing, by pouring and under stirring, an amount of kaolin (sold under the name of SPS by ECC) necessary to compose a suspension with a concentration of 65.1% of the dry substance, in a two-liter laboratory beaker equipped with a Pendraulik stirrer and containing water. This laboratory beaker also contains an amount of the copolymer to be tested which corresponds to 1.0% by weight of the dry acid copolymer relative to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. The copolymer used in this test is a polymer which, after 100% neutralization with soda, is a polymer with a specific viscosity of 2.54 and composed, in weight percentage, of: 95% acrylic acid 5% methacrylurethane of the general formula (I) in which the hydrophobic radical R 'is a linear alkyl group
with 22 carbon atoms, myp equals 0, q = lyn = 25. In the same way and using the same equipment, an aqueous suspension of mica (sold under the name Ascoat 30 by Jungbunzlauer GmbH) is prepared simultaneously, which it has a concentration of 67.4% of the dry substance and a content of copolymer to be tested of 0.6% by dry weight in relation to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. After stirring these two suspensions for 20 minutes, they are mixed by pouring them in a laboratory beaker, 760 grams of the first and about 742 grams of the other, to produce an aqueous suspension which is 50% by dry weight of the kaolin and 50% dry weight of the mica. After stirring the mixture for 10 minutes, the Brookfield (To) viscosity is measured at room temperature using a Brookfield viscometer of the DVII type at 100 r / min. using the appropriate spindle. The Brookfield viscosity measured is 732 mPa.s. The aqueous suspension obtained according to the invention is therefore a mixed suspension (50% / 50% by dry weight) of kaolin and mica, which is easy to handle at an elevated concentration of the dry substance (66.2%).
Test No. 95:
This test illustrates the invention and consists in the parallel preparation of an aqueous suspension of kaolin and an aqueous suspension of mica, then forming a mixture to obtain a suspension of 75% by dry weight of kaolin and 25% by dry weight of the mica . For this end, an aqueous suspension of kaolin is prepared by introducing, by pouring and stirring, an amount of kaolin (marketed under the name of SPS by ECC), necessary to compose a suspension with a concentration of 65.1% of the dry substance, in a glass Two-liter laboratory equipped with a Pendraulik agitator and containing water. This laboratory vessel also contains an amount of the copolymer to be tested which corresponds to 1.0% by weight of the dry acid copolymer relative to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. The copolymer used in this test is a polymer which, after 100% neutralization with soda, is a polymer with a specific viscosity of 2.54 and composed, in weight percentage, of: 95% acrylic acid 5% methacrylurethane of the general formula (I) in which the hydrophobic radical R 'is a linear alkyl group
with 22 carbon atoms, myp equals 0, q = lyn = 25. In the same way and using the same equipment, an aqueous suspension of mica (sold under the name Ascoat 30 by Jungbunzlauer GmbH) is prepared simultaneously, which has a concentration of 67.4% of the dry substance and a content of copolymer to be tested of 0.6% by dry weight in relation to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. After stirring these two suspensions for 20 minutes, they are mixed by pouring them into a laboratory beaker, 1152 grams of the first and about 371 grams of the other, to produce an aqueous suspension which is 75% by dry weight of the kaolin and 25% dry weight of the mica. After stirring the mixture for 10 minutes, the Brookfield (To) viscosity is measured at room temperature using a Brookfield viscometer of the DVII type at 100 r / min. using the appropriate spindle. The Brookfield viscosity measured is 1380 mPa.s. The aqueous suspension obtained according to the invention is therefore a mixed suspension (75% / 25% by dry weight) of kaolin and mica, which is easy to handle at an elevated concentration of the dry substance (65.6%) .
Test No. 96:
This test illustrates the invention and consists in the parallel preparation of an aqueous suspension of talc and an aqueous suspension of kaolin, then forming a mixture to obtain a suspension of 75% by dry weight of talc and 25% by dry weight of kaolin. For this purpose, an aqueous suspension of the talc is prepared by introducing, by pouring and stirring, an amount of talcum (sold under the name of Finntalc CIO by Finnminerals) necessary to compose a suspension with a concentration of 64.9% of the dry substance, in a two-liter laboratory beaker equipped with a Pendraulik stirrer and containing water. This laboratory beaker also contains an amount of the copolymer to be tested which corresponds to 1.0% by weight of the dry acid copolymer relative to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. The copolymer used in this test is a polymer which, after 100% neutralization with soda, is a polymer with a specific viscosity of 4.38 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 85% acrylic acid 5% acrylamide
% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide. In the same way and using the same equipment, an aqueous suspension of kaolin (sold under the name of SPS by ECC) is prepared simultaneously, which has a concentration of 65.1% of the dry substance and a content of copolymer that is going to be tested of 1.0% by weight of the dry acid in relation to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. After stirring these two suspensions for 20 minutes, they are mixed by pouring them into a laboratory beaker, 1155.6 grams of the first and about 384 grams of the other, to produce an aqueous suspension which is 75% by dry weight of the talc. and 25% dry weight of kaolin. After stirring the mixture for 10 minutes, the Brookfield (To) viscosity is measured at room temperature using a Brookfield viscometer of the DVII type at 100 r / min. using the appropriate spindle. The Brookfield viscosity measured is 1230 mPa.s. The aqueous suspension obtained according to the invention is therefore a mixed suspension (75% / 25% by dry weight) of talc and kaolin, which is easy to handle at an elevated concentration of the dry substance (65.0%).
Test No. 97:
This test illustrates the invention and consists in the parallel preparation of an aqueous suspension of talc and an aqueous suspension of kaolin, then forming a mixture to obtain a suspension of 50% by dry weight of talc and 50% by dry weight of kaolin. For this purpose, an aqueous suspension of the talc is prepared by introducing, by pouring and stirring, an amount of talcum (sold under the name of Finntalc CIO by Finnminerals) necessary to compose a suspension with a concentration of 64.9% of the dry substance., in a two-liter laboratory beaker equipped with a Pendraulik stirrer and containing water. This laboratory vessel also contains an amount of the copolymer to be tested which corresponds to 1.0% by weight of the dry acid copolymer relative to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. The copolymer used in this test is a polymer which, after 100% neutralization with soda, is a polymer with a specific viscosity of 4.38 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 85% acrylic acid 5% acrylamide
% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide. In the same way and using the same equipment, an aqueous suspension of kaolin (sold under the name of SPS by ECC) is prepared simultaneously, which has a concentration of 65.1% of the dry substance and a content of copolymer that is going to be tested of 1.0% by weight of the dry acid in relation to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. After stirring these two suspensions for 20 minutes, they are mixed by pouring them into a laboratory beaker, 770.5 grams of the first and about 768 grams of the other, to produce an aqueous suspension which is 50% by dry weight of the talc. and 50% dry weight of kaolin. After stirring the mixture for 10 minutes, the Brookfield (To) viscosity is measured at room temperature using a Brookfield viscometer of the DVII type at 100 r / min. using the appropriate spindle. The Brookfield viscosity measured is 2380 mPa.s. The aqueous suspension obtained according to the invention is therefore a mixed suspension (50% / 50% by dry weight) of the talc and kaolin, which is easy to handle at a high concentration of the dry substance (65.0%).
Test No. 98:
This test illustrates the invention and consists in the parallel preparation of an aqueous slurry of talc and an aqueous suspension of kaolin, then forming a slurry to obtain a slurry of 25% by dry weight of talc and 75% by dry weight of kaolin. For this purpose, an aqueous suspension of the talc is prepared by introducing, by pouring and stirring, an amount of talcum (sold under the name of Finntalc CIO by Finnminerals) necessary to compose a suspension with a concentration of 64.9% of the dry substance, in a two-liter laboratory beaker equipped with a Pendraulik stirrer and containing water. This laboratory beaker also contains an amount of the copolymer to be tested which corresponds to 1.0% by weight of the dry acid copolymer relative to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. The copolymer used in this test is a polymer which, after 100% neutralization with soda, is a polymer with a specific viscosity of 4.38 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 85% acrylic acid 5% acrylamide
% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide. In the same way and using the same equipment, an aqueous suspension of kaolin (sold under the name of SPESWHITE by ECC) is prepared simultaneously, which has a concentration of 65.1% of the dry substance, and a copolymer content that is going to be tested of 1.0% dry weight in relation to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. After stirring these two suspensions for 20 minutes, they are mixed by pouring them into a laboratory beaker, 385.2 grams of the first and about 1152 grams of the other, to produce an aqueous suspension which is 25% by dry weight of talc. and 75% dry weight of kaolin. After stirring the mixture for 10 minutes, the Brookfield (To) viscosity is measured at room temperature using a Brookfield viscometer of the DVII type at 100 r / min. using the appropriate spindle. The Brookfield viscosity measured is 1860 mPa.s. The aqueous suspension obtained according to the invention is therefore a mixed suspension (25% / 75% by dry weight) of the talc and kaolin, which is easy to handle at an elevated concentration of the dry substance (65.0%).
Test No. 99:
This test illustrates the invention and consists in the parallel preparation of an aqueous suspension of talc and an aqueous suspension of calcium carbonate, then forming a mixture to obtain a suspension of 75% by dry weight of talc and 25% by dry weight of calcium carbonate. For this purpose, an aqueous suspension of talc is prepared by introducing, pouring and stirring, a quantity of talcum (sold under the name of Finntalc CIO by Finnminerals) necessary to compose a suspension with a concentration of 64.9% of the dry substance, in a two-liter laboratory beaker equipped with a Pendraulik stirrer and containing water. This laboratory vessel also contains an amount of the sodium polyacrylate to be tested, which has a specific viscosity of 0.48, which corresponds to 0.15% by weight of the dry copolymer in relation to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension and an amount of an alkylene polyoxide (sold by BASF under the name of Pluronic PE 4300) corresponding to 1.4% by dry weight relative to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension as well as an amount of soda corresponding to 0.08 % by weight with
relation to the dry weight of the dry substance in the suspension. In the same way and using the same equipment, an aqueous suspension of calcium carbonate is prepared simultaneously, using a marble from a Norwegian tank with a grain size such that 75% of the particles are less than 1 micrometer in diameter, having a concentration of 65% in dry form of the substance and a content of sodium polyacrylate equal to 0.5% by dry weight in relation to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. After stirring these two suspensions for 20 minutes, they are mixed by pouring them into a laboratory beaker, 1155.5 grams of the first and about 384.6 grams of the other, to produce an aqueous suspension which is 75% dry weight of talc. and 25% dry weight of calcium carbonate. After stirring the mixture for 10 minutes, the Brookfield (To) viscosity is measured at room temperature using a Brookfield viscometer of the DVII type at 100 r / min. using the appropriate spindle.
The Brookfield viscosity measured is 150 mPa.s. The aqueous suspension obtained according to the invention is therefore a mixed suspension (75% / 25% by dry weight) of talc and calcium carbonate, which is easy to handle at a high concentration of
the dry substance (65.0%) but requires the use of two different dispersant formulas, one for the hydrophilic mineral filler, the other for the hydrophobic mineral filler.
Test No. 100:
This test illustrates the invention and consists in the parallel preparation of an aqueous suspension of talc and an aqueous suspension of calcium carbonate, then forming a mixture to obtain a suspension of 75% by dry weight of talc and 25% by dry weight of calcium carbonate. For this purpose, an aqueous suspension of talc is prepared by introducing, by pouring and under stirring, an amount of talcum (sold under the name of Finntalc CIO by Finnminerals) necessary to compose a suspension with a concentration of 64.9% of the dry substance, in a two-liter laboratory beaker equipped with a Pendraulik stirrer and containing water. This laboratory vessel also contains an amount of the copolymer to be tested, which corresponds to 1.0% by weight of the dry acid copolymer relative to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension.
The copolymer used in this test is a polymer which, after 100% neutralization with soda, is a polymer with a specific viscosity of 4.38 and a compound, in weight percentage, of: 85% acrylic acid 5% acrylamide 10 % tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide. In the same way and using the same equipment, an aqueous suspension of calcium carbonate is prepared simultaneously, using a marble from a Norwegian tank with a grain size such that 75% of the particles are less than 1 micrometer in diameter, having a concentration of 65% dry of the substance and a content of the copolymer to be tested of 1.0% dry weight relative to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. After stirring these two suspensions for 20 minutes, they are mixed by pouring them into a laboratory beaker, 1155.5 grams of the first and about 384.6 grams of the other, to produce an aqueous suspension which is 75% dry weight of talc. and 25% dry weight of calcium carbonate. After stirring the mixture for 10 minutes, the viscosity of Brookfield (To), at room temperature, is measured using a Brookfield viscometer.
DVII type at 100 r / min. using the appropriate spindle. The Brookfield viscosity measured is 150 mPa.s. The aqueous suspension obtained according to the invention is therefore a mixed suspension (75% / 25% by dry weight) of talc and calcium carbonate, which is easy to handle at an elevated concentration of the dry substance (65.0%) ), and is thus done using a single dispersing agent.
Test No. 101:
This test illustrates the prior art and consists of the preparation directly of an aqueous suspension of talc and an aqueous suspension of calcium carbonate, then forming a mixture to obtain a suspension of 50% by dry weight of talc and 50% by dry weight of calcium carbonate. For this purpose, an aqueous suspension of talc is prepared by introducing, by pouring and under stirring, an amount of talcum (sold under the name of Finntalc CIO by Finnminerals) necessary to compose a suspension with a concentration of 64.9% of the dry substance, in a two-liter laboratory beaker equipped with a Pendraulik stirrer and containing water. This lab beaker also contains a quantity of the sodium polyacrylate that is going to be tested, which has
a specific viscosity of 0.48 and corresponding to 0.15% by weight of dry copolymer relative to the total weight of dry substance present in the suspension and a quantity of an alkylene polyoxide (sold by BASF under the name of Pluronic PE 4300) corresponding to 1.4% by dry weight relative to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension as well as an amount of soda corresponding to 0.08% by weight relative to the dry weight of the dry substance in the suspension. In the same way and using the same equipment, an aqueous suspension of calcium carbonate is prepared simultaneously, using a marble from a Norwegian tank with a grain size such that 75% of the particles are less than 1 micrometer in diameter, having a concentration of 65% dry of the substance and a content of the copolymer to be tested of 0.5% dry weight relative to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. After stirring these two suspensions for 20 minutes, they are mixed by pouring them into a beaker, 770.4 grams of the first and about 769.2 grams of the other, to produce an aqueous suspension which is 50% by dry weight of talc and 50% by dry weight of calcium carbonate.
After stirring the mixture for 10 minutes, the Brookfield (To) viscosity is measured at room temperature using a Brookfield viscometer of the DVII type at 100 r / min. using the appropriate spindle. The Brookfield viscosity measured is 350 mPa.s for a dry substance concentration of 65.0%. It should be pointed out that the test required the use of two different dispersant formulas, one for the hydrophilic mineral filler and the other for the hydrophobic mineral filler.
Test No. 102:
This test illustrates the invention and consists in the parallel preparation of an aqueous suspension of talc and an aqueous suspension of calcium carbonate, then forming a mixture to obtain a suspension of the calcium carbonate.
50% dry weight of talc and 50% dry weight of calcium carbonate. To this end, an aqueous suspension of talc is prepared by introducing, by pouring and under agitation, in a beaker two liter equipped with a Pendraulik agitator and containing water, a quantity of talc (sold under the name of Finntalc Clo by Finnminerals) necessary to obtain a suspension with a concentration of 64.9% of the dry substance. East
The laboratory beaker also contains an amount of the copolymer to be tested which corresponds to 1.0% by weight of the dry acid copolymer relative to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. The copolymer used in this test is a polymer which, after a 100% neutralization with soda, is a polymer with a specific viscosity of 4.38 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 85% acrylic acid 5% 10% acrylamide of tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
In the same way and using the same equipment, starting from a marble of a Norwegian tank with a grain size such that 75% of the particles are less than 1 micrometer in diameter, an aqueous suspension of calcium carbonate is prepared, having a concentration of 65% of the dry substance and a content of the copolymer to be tested of 1% by weight of the dry acid with respect to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. After stirring these two suspensions for 20 minutes, they are mixed by pouring them in a laboratory beaker, 770.4 grams of the first and about 769.2 grams of the other, to produce a
aqueous suspension which is 50% by dry weight of talc and 50% by dry weight of calcium carbonate. After stirring the mixture for 10 minutes, the Brookfield (To) viscosity is measured at room temperature using a Brookfield viscometer of the DVII type at 100 r / min. using the appropriate spindle.
The Brookfield viscosity measured is 350 mPa.s. The aqueous suspension obtained according to the invention is therefore a mixed suspension (50% / 50% by dry weight) of talc and calcium carbonate, which is easy to handle at an elevated concentration of the dry substance (65.0%) ), and it is done using a single dispersant.
Test No. 103:
This test, which illustrates the invention, consists of the parallel preparation of an aqueous suspension of talc and an aqueous suspension of calcium carbonate, then forming a mixture to obtain a suspension of 25% by dry weight of talc and 75% by weight dry calcium carbonate. For this purpose, an aqueous suspension of talc is prepared by introducing, by pouring and stirring, into a two-liter laboratory beaker equipped with a Pendraulik stirrer and containing water, an amount of
talcum (sold under the name of Finntalc Cío by Finnminerals) necessary to obtain a suspension with a concentration of 64.9% of the dry substance. This laboratory vessel also contains an amount of the polyacrylate to be tested having a specific viscosity of 0.48 and corresponding to 0.15% by weight of the dry acid copolymer relative to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension and an amount of alkylene polyoxide (sold by BASF under the name of Pluronic PE 4300) corresponding to 1.4% by dry weight relative to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension as well as an amount of soda corresponding to 0.08% by weight dry substance present in the suspension. In the same way and using the same equipment, starting from a marble of a Norwegian tank with a grain size such that 75% of the particles are of a diameter less than 1 micrometer, an aqueous suspension of carbonate, calcium is prepared , having a concentration of 65% of the dry substance and a content of the copolymer to be tested of 0.5% by dry weight in relation to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. After stirring these two suspensions for 20 minutes, they are mixed by pouring them into a laboratory beaker, 385.2 grams of the first and
about 1153.8 grams of the other, to produce an aqueous suspension which is 25% by dry weight of talc and 75% by dry weight of calcium carbonate. After stirring the mixture for 10 minutes, the Brookfield (To) viscosity is measured at room temperature using a Brookfield viscometer of the DVII type at 100 r / min. using the appropriate spindle. The Brookfield viscosity measured is 465 mPa.s, for a dry substance concentration of 65.0%. It should be pointed out that this test required the use of two dispersant formulas, one for the hydrophilic mineral filler and the other for the hydrophobic mineral filler.
Test No. 104:
This test, which illustrates the invention, consists of the parallel preparation of an aqueous suspension of talc and an aqueous suspension of calcium carbonate, then forming a mixture to obtain a suspension of 25% by dry weight of talc and 75% by weight dry calcium carbonate. For this purpose, an aqueous suspension of talc is prepared by introducing, by pouring and stirring, into a two-liter laboratory beaker equipped with a Pendraulik stirrer and containing water, an amount of
talcum (sold under the name of Finntalc Cío by Finnminerals) necessary to obtain a suspension with a concentration of 64.9% of the dry substance and an amount of the copolymer to be tested and corresponding to 1.0% by weight of the dry acid copolymer with relation to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. The copolymer used in this test is a sual polymer, after a 100% neutralization with soda, is a polymer with a specific viscosity of 4.38 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 85% acrylic acid 5% acrylamide 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide. In the same way and using the same equipment, starting from a marble from a Norwegian tank with a grain size such that 75% of the particles are less than 1 micrometer in diameter, an aqueous suspension of calcium carbonate is prepared, having a concentration of 65% of the dry substance and a content of the copolymer to be tested of 1% by weight of the dry acid in relation to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. After stirring these two suspensions for 20 minutes, they are mixed by pouring them
in a laboratory beaker, 385.2 grams of the first and about 1153.8 grams of the other, to produce an aqueous suspension of 25% by dry weight of the talc and 75% by dry weight of the calcium carbonate. After stirring the mixture for 10 minutes, the Brookfield (To) viscosity is measured at room temperature using a Brookfield viscometer of the DVII type at 100 r / min. using the appropriate spindle. The Brookfield viscosity measured is 220 mPa.s. The aqueous suspension obtained according to the invention is therefore a mixed suspension (25% / 75% by dry weight) of talc and calcium carbonate, which is easy to handle at an elevated concentration of the dry substance (65.0%) ), and it is done using a single dispersant.
Test No. 105:
This test, which illustrates the invention, consists in the preparation directly of a mixed aqueous suspension of 50% by dry weight of calcium carbonate and 50% by dry weight of talc. For this purpose, starting from a marble of a Norwegian deposit with a grain size such that 60% of the particles are of a diameter less than 2 micrometers and using talcum (sold by Finnminerals under the
name of Finntalc Cío), an aqueous suspension of calcium carbonate and talc is prepared by adding, by pouring and under stirring, a two-liter laboratory beaker containing water in the same amount of marble and talcum needed to produce a suspension of a concentration of 65% of the dry substance. This laboratory beaker also contains an amount of the copolymer to be tested which corresponds to 2.0% by weight of the dry acid copolymer relative to the total weight of the dry substance present in the suspension. The copolymer used in this test is a polymer which, after a 100% neutralization with soda, is a polymer with a specific viscosity of 4.35 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid 5% acrylamide 10% tristyryl phenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide. After stirring the mixture for 20 minutes, the Brookfield (To) viscosity is measured at room temperature using a Brookfield viscometer of the DVII type at 100 r / min. using the appropriate spindle. The Brookfield viscosity measured is 350 mPa.s. The aqueous suspension obtained according to the invention is therefore a mixed suspension (50% / 50% by dry weight) of calcium carbonate and talc, the
which is easy to handle at a high concentration of the dry substance (65.0%).
EXAMPLE 9:
This example relates to the preparation of a coarse or coarse calcium carbonate suspension which is subjected to a grinding process to refine it to a microparticulate suspension. For this purpose, a coarse or coarse calcium carbonate suspension was prepared from a calcium carbonate marketed under the name of BL 200 by OMYA S.A., using the various grinding agents to be tested:
Test No. 106:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% neutralized polymer with a specific viscosity of 0.67 and a compound, in weight percentage, of: 95% acrylic acid 5% methacrylate of the general formula (I) in wherein the hydrophobic radical R 'is a branched alkyl group with 32 carbon atoms, m and p are equal to 0, q = lyn = 25.
Test No. 107:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses a 100% neutralized polymer with soda, having a specific viscosity of 4.6 and compound, in weight percentage, of: 90% acrylic acid 10% tristyrylphenol methacrylate ethoxylated with 25 moles of ethylene oxide. For each test, an aqueous suspension of calcium carbonate from the Orgon deposit (France) is prepared, having a grain size such that 19% of the particles are of a diameter of less than 2 microns. The aqueous suspension has a dry substance concentration of 76% by weight relative to the total weight. The grinding agent is introduced into this suspension in the amounts indicated in the table below, expressed as a percentage by dry weight relative to the weight of the dry calcium carbonate to be ground. The suspension circulates in a shredder of the type
Dyno-Mill with a fixed cylinder and rotating impeller, the crushing medium of which corundum balls are of a diameter ranging between 0.6 millimeters and 1.0 millimeters.
The total volume occupied by the crushing medium is 1,150 cubic centimeters while its weight is 2,900 g. The volume of the crushing chamber is 1,400 cubic centimeters. The circumferential speed of the crusher is 10 meters per second. The calcium carbonate suspension is recycled at a rate of 18 liters per hour. The output of the Dyno-Mill shredder is equipped with a separator with a mesh size of 200 microns so that the suspension resulting from the shredding and the shredding medium can be separated. The temperature during each grinding test is maintained at approximately 60 ° C. At the end of the grinding (T0), a sample of the suspension of the refined pigment is extracted from a container and the viscosity is measured by means of a Brookfield viscometer of the RVT type at a temperature of 20 ° C and at rotation speeds of 10. revolutions per minute and 100 revolutions per minute using the appropriate spindle. The grain size is determined by measurement using a Sedigraph 5100 produced by Micromeritics. The results of all the experiments are shown in Table 7, which is given below.
> OR
- TABLE 7 - or
Table 7 shows that the aqueous suspensions of the regined calcium carbonate can be obtained with a high concentration of the dry substance.
EXAMPLE 10:
This example relates to the preparation of an aqueous suspension of coarse or coarse mica (sold under the name ASCOAT 30 by Jungbunzlauer GmbH, with a grain size such that 18% of the particles are less than one micrometer in diameter) which is subjected to trituration to reduce it to a fine size to make a suspension of microparticles.
Test No. 108:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses, in the company of the same equipment and the same operating method as those of example 9 with the exception of the dry substance of the suspension, which is equal to 65%, a polymer neutralized at 100% with soda, which has a specific viscosity of 1.85 and compound, in percentage by weight, of: 95% acrylic acid
% methacrylate of the general formula (I) in which the hydrophobic radical R 'is a branched alkyl group with 32 carbon atoms, m and p are equal to 0, q = lyn = 25. The results obtained are shown in the Table 8 that is given immediately:
t t O
TABLE 8 -
Table 8 demonstrates that refined aqueous suspensions of mica with a high concentration of the dry substance can be obtained, which may not use a prior art agent.
EXAMPLE 11:
In this example, the rheological behavior of the aqueous suspensions of calcium carbonate, prepared according to the operating method described in example 1, are measured. After stirring for 20 minutes, the rheological behavior of the suspension prepared in this way is measured, at room temperature, using a Stress TechR viscoelasticity meter made by Reologica Instruments AB (Sweden) equipped with CC25 coaxial cylinders. The method used to measure the rheological behavior of the suspension is identical in each of the tests, especially, for each test, a sample of the suspension prepared using the polymer to be tested is injected into the cylinder of the viscoelasticity meter and the same one is subjected to precizallamiento to 10 Pa during 12 seconds and, after a time of waiting of 180 seconds which corresponds to the time of balance, the same is put under
Progressive shear on a linear basis from 0.025 Pa to 2.5 Pa in 100 seconds in 40 intervals. The elastic limit, which corresponds to the shear to be applied to the suspension to break the internal bonds or bonds and obtain a reduced viscosity suspension, is determined by the maximum value of the viscosity curve in Pa.s as a function of the shearing in Pa.
Test No. 109:
This test, which illustrates the prior art, uses an aqueous suspension as prepared for test No. 1.
Test No. 110:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses the aqueous suspension of test No. 8.
Test No. 111:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses the aqueous suspension of test No. 9.
Test No. 112:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses an aqueous suspension containing a polymer 100% neutralized with soda, having a specific viscosity of 1.83 and composed of: 90% acrylic acid 10% methacrylate of the general formula (I) wherein the hydrophobic radical R is a branched alkyl group with 32 carbon atoms, m and p are equal to 0, q = lyn = 25.
Test No. 113:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses an aqueous suspension containing a polymer 100% neutralized with soda, having a specific viscosity of 1.80 and composed of: 90% acrylic acid 10% methacrylate of the general formula (I) wherein the hydrophobic radical R 'is a branched alkyl group with 32 carbon atoms, m and p are equal to 0, q = 2 and n = 25.
Test No. 114:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses the aqueous suspension of test No. 6. The results of all the experiments are shown in table 9 below.
- TABLE 9 -
Table 9 shows that the aqueous suspensions of the calcium carbonate of the invention have a higher yield strength than those of the prior art, characteristic of suspensions exhibiting a good degree of stability.
EXAMPLE 12:
In this example, the rheological behavior of aqueous talc suspensions prepared according to the operating method of example 4 are measured. For all of the following tests, the operating method and the equipment used for this measurement are identical to those used in Example 11.
Test No. 115:
This test, which illustrates the previous technique, uses the aqueous suspension of test No. 34.
Test No. 116:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses the aqueous suspension of test No. 37.
The results of all the experiments are described in Table 10, which is given below.
- TABLE 10 -
Table 10 shows that the talc aqueous suspensions proposed by the invention have a higher yield strength than that of the prior art, characteristic of suspensions exhibiting great stability.
EXAMPLE 13:
In this example, a measurement of the rheological behavior of the talc aqueous suspensions prepared by the operating method of example 5 is carried out. After 45 minutes of stirring, the rheological behavior of the suspensions prepared in this way is measured, at 25 minutes. ° C, using a Stress TechR viscoelasticity meter made by Reologica
Instruments AB (Sweden), equipped with CC25 coaxial cylinders. The operating method used to measure the rheological behavior of the suspensions is identical for each of the tests, especially for each test, a sample of the suspension prepared using the polymer to be treated is injected into the cylinder of the viscoelasticity meter and it is subjected to precixing at 15 Pa for 12 seconds and, after a waiting time of 600 seconds which corresponds to the equilibrium time, it is subjected to progressive shear on a linear basis from 0.1 Pa to 2.5 Pa in 100 seconds. and 60 intervals. The elastic limit, which corresponds to the shear to be applied to the suspension to break the internal bonds or bonds and obtain a reduced viscosity suspension, is determined by the maximum value of the viscosity curve in Pa.s as a function of the shearing in Pa.
Test No. 117:
This test, which illustrates the prior art, uses an aqueous talc suspension obtained using 1.0% dry weight of a mixture composed of
parts by weight of a sodium polyacrylate with one
specific viscosity of 0.45 and 75 parts by weight of an alkylene polyoxide sold by BASF under the name of Pluronic PE 4300.
Test No. 118:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses the aqueous suspension of test No. 66.
Test No. 119:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses the aqueous suspension of test No. 67.
Test No. 120:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses the aqueous suspension of test No. 68.
Test No. 121:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses the aqueous suspension of test No. 69.
Test No. 122:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses the aqueous suspension of test No. 70.
The results of all the experiments are described in Table 11, which is given below.
- TABLE 11 -
Table 11 shows that the talc aqueous suspensions of the invention have a higher yield strength than that of the prior art,
characteristic of suspensions that exhibit a good degree of stability.
EXAMPLE 14:
In this example, the rheological behavior of aqueous suspensions of mica prepared according to the operating method of Example 6 is measured.
For all the following tests, the operating method and the equipment used for this measurement are identical to those used in example 11.
Test No. 123:
This test, which illustrates the prior art, uses an aqueous suspension containing a sodium polyacrylate with a specific viscosity of 0.45.
Test No. 124:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses an aqueous suspension containing a polymer 100% neutralized with soda, which has a specific viscosity of 1.83 and composed of:
90% acrylic acid 10% methacrylate of the general formula (I) in which the hydrophobic radical R 'is a branched alkyl group with 32 carbon atoms, m and p are equal to 0, q = l and n = 50.
Test No. 125:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses an aqueous suspension of test No. 82.
Test No. 126:
This test, illustrating the invention, uses an aqueous suspension containing a polymer 100% neutralized with soda, having a specific viscosity of 5.49 and composed of: 80% acrylic acid 2% ethyl acrylate 10% methacrylic acid 10% methacrylurethane of the general formula (I) in which the hydrophobic radical R 'is a tristyrylphenyl radical, m and p are equal to 0, q = lyn = 25.
The results of all the experiments are shown in Table 12, which is given below.
- TABLE 12 -
Table 12 shows that the aqueous suspensions of mica proposed by the invention have a higher yield strength than those of the prior art, characteristic of the suspensions exhibiting high stability.
EXAMPLE 15:
In this example, a measurement of the rheological behavior of aqueous suspensions of talc and calcium carbonate prepared according to the operating method of example 8 is taken.
For all the following tests, the operating method and the equipment used for this measurement are identical to those used in example 11.
Test No. 127:
This test, which illustrates the previous technique, uses an aqueous suspension of the No. 99 test.
Test No. 128:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses an aqueous suspension of the No. 100 test.
Test No. 129:
This test, which illustrates the prior art, uses an aqueous suspension of test No. 101.
Test No. 130:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses an aqueous suspension of test No. 102.
Test No. 131:
This test, which illustrates the prior art, uses an aqueous suspension of test No. 103.
Test No. 132:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses an aqueous suspension of test No. 104.
The results of all the experiments are described in Table 13, which is given below.
- TABLE 13 -
Table 13 shows that the talcum and calcium carbonate aqueous suspensions of the invention have a higher yield strength than that of the prior art, characteristic of suspensions exhibiting a good degree of stability.
EXAMPLE 16:
This example refers to the use of aqueous suspensions of mineral fillers as proposed by
the invention in the manufacture of coating colors for paper. For this purpose, the coating colors are prepared by mixing the aqueous suspensions of mineral fillers that are to be tested in water, with the other constituents of the coating color, the composition by weight of which is as follows:
100 parts of the aqueous suspensions to be tested with a content of 65% of the dry substance 12 parts of a carboxylated styrene-butadiene latex marketed by Dow Chemical under the name of DL 905 0.5 parts of the carboxymethyl cellulose sold by Metsa Serla under the name of Finnfix 5, the content of the dry substance is of the order of 64.5% and the pH is equal to 8.4. The Brookfield viscosity measurements are then carried out on the coating colors prepared in this manner, at room temperature and at 20 revolutions per minute, 50 revolutions per minute and 100 revolutions per minute using a Brookfield viscometer of the DVII type equipped with the proper spindle.
Test No. 133:
This test, which illustrates the prior art, uses an aqueous suspension of talc as prepared for test No. 34.
Test No. 134:
This test, which illustrates the invention, uses an aqueous suspension of talc as prepared for test No. 37.
The results of all the experiments are described in Table 14, which is given below.
TABLE 14 -
Table 14 shows that the coating color of the invention is more fluid than that of the prior art.
It is noted that in relation to this date, the best method known by the applicant to carry out the aforementioned invention, is the conventional one for the manufacture of the objects to which it relates.
Having described the invention as above, property is claimed as contained in the following
Claims (16)
1. An aqueous suspension of mineral substances containing a copolymer as a dispersing agent and / or grinding aid for mineral substances in aqueous suspension, characterized in that the copolymer is composed of: a) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a carboxylic function, selected from monoacids such as acrylic, methacrylic, crotonic, isocrotonic or cinnamic acid, diacids such as itaconic, fumaric, maleic or citraconic acid, anhydrides of carboxylic acids such as maleic anhydride and diacid hemi-esters such as monoesters of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, of maleic or itaconic acids, b) optionally, at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a sulfonic function, selected from acrylamido-methyl-propan-sulfonic acid, sodium methallylsulfonate, vinyl sulfonic acids and styrene sulfonic acids, or having a phosphoric function selected from ethylene glycol methacrylate phosphate, ethylene glycol methacrylate phosphate, ethylene glycol acrylate phosphate, propylene glycol acrylate phosphate and its ethoxylates or mixtures thereof, c) optionally, at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having no carboxylic function, selected from the group comprising the esters of acrylic or methacrylic acids such as the methyl, ethyl, butyl, 2-ethylhexyl, or acrylonitrile acrylates or methacrylates, methacrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, styrene, methylstyrene, diisobutylene, vinylpyrrolidone, vinylcaprolactam, or alternatively the unsaturated amides such as acrylamide, methacrylamide or its substituted derivatives such as, for example, dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide or methacrylamide, the acrylic or methacrylic esters of glycol, chloride or methacrylamido-propyl-trimethyl-ammonium sulfate, sulfate methacrylate or trimethyl-ammonium-ethyl chloride as well as their quaternized acrylate and acrylamide counterparts and / or dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, d) at least one ethylenically unsaturated oxyalkylated monomer ending with a hydrophobic chain having the general formula (I): r i R L (CH2_CH_0) m (_CH2_CH2_0) n (_CH2_CH_0) p | q_R 'L I I J Rl R2 which: - m and p represent a number of alkylene oxide units less than or equal to 100, n represents a number of ethylene oxide units less than or equal to 100, q is a number at least equal to 1 and such that: 0 < q (n + m + p) < 100 Ri is hydrogen or the methyl or ethyl radical, R2 is hydrogen or the methyl or ethyl radical. R represents the polymerizable unsaturated radical belonging to the group of acrylic, methacrylic, maleic, itaconic, crotonic, vinylphthalic esters as well as unsaturated urethanes such as, for example, acryl urethane, methacrylurethane, aa'dimethyl-m-isopropenyl-benzylurethane, allyl urethane . R 'represents the hydrophobic radical such as the tristyrylphenyl group or the linear, branched alkyl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, aryl groups having at least 8 carbon atoms or the dialkylamines having at least 8 carbon atoms when R represents the urethanes unsaturated or R 'represents hydrophobic radicals such as tristyrylphenyl as well as linear or branched alkyl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, aryl groups having more than 30 carbon atoms or dialkylamines having more than 22 carbon atoms when R represents the polymerizable unsaturated radical that belongs to the group of acrylic, methacrylic, maleic, itaconic, crotonic or vinylphthalic esters, the total constituents of (a), (b), (c) and (d) is equal to 100 and in that it has a viscosity at most equal to 50 and preferably at much equal to 25.
2. An aqueous suspension of mineral substances according to claim 1, characterized in that the copolymer is composed of: a) from 99 to 10% of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a carboxylic function, selected from monoacids such as acrylic, methacrylic, crotonic, isocrotonic, cinnamic, diacids such as itaconic, fumaric, maleic acid , citraconic, or carboxylic acid anhydrides such as maleic anhydride and diacid hemi-esters such as monoesters with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, maleic or itaconic acids or mixtures thereof, b) from 0 to 50% of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a sulfonic function selected from acrylamido-methyl-propan-sulfonic acid, sodium methallylsulfonate, vinyl sulfonic acid and styrene sulfonic acids, or having a phosphoric function selected from the ethylene glycol methacrylate phosphate, the propylene glycol methacrylate phosphate, the ethylene glycol acrylate phosphate, the propylene glycol acrylate phosphate and its ethoxylates or mixtures thereof, c) from 0% to 50% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having no carboxylic function, selected from the group comprising the esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid such as the acrylates or methacrylates of methyl, ethyl, butyl, 2-ethylhexyl or acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, styrene, methylstyrene, diisobutylene, vinylpyrrolidone, vinylcaprolactam, or the unsaturated amides such as acrylamide, methacrylamide or its substituted derivatives such as, for example, dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide or methacrylamide, acrylic or methacrylic esters of methacrylamido-propyltrimethylammonium glycol, chloride or sulfate, trimethyl ammonium-ethyl chloride or sulfate methacrylate as well as its counterparts of acrylate and quaternized acrylamide and / or dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, d) from 1% to 90% and even more particularly for reasons pertaining to the copolymerization process of 3% to 50% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated oxyalkylated monomer terminating with a hydrophobic chain, of the general formula (I) : (CH2_CH_0) m (_CH2_CH2_0) n (_CH2_CH_0) p | q_ I J Ri in which: m and p represent a number of alkylene oxide units less than or equal to 100, n represents a number of ethylene oxide units less than or equal to 100, 5-q is a number at least equal to 1 and such that : 0 < q (n + m + p) < 100 Ri is hydrogen or the methyl or ethyl radical, R2 is hydrogen or the methyl or ethyl radical. R represents the polymerizable unsaturated radical which belongs to the group of acrylic, methacrylic, maleic, itaconic, crotonic, vinylphthalic esters as well as unsaturated urethanes such as, for example, acryl urethane, methacrylurethane, aa'dimethyl-m-20 isopropenyl-benzylurethane , aliluretano. R 'represents the hydrophobic radical such as tristyrylphenyl or the alkyl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, aryl linear or 25 branched having at least 8 carbon atoms or the dialkylamines having at least at least 8 carbon atoms when R represents the unsaturated urethanes or R 'represents hydrophobic radicals such as tristyrylphenyl as well as linear or branched alkyl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl-, aryl groups having more than 30 carbon atoms or the dialkylamines which have more than 22 carbon atoms when R represents the polymerizable unsaturated radical belonging to the group of acrylic, methacrylic, maleic, itaconic, crotonic or vinylphthalic esters, the total constituents of (a), (b), (c) and (d) is equal to 100 and in that it has a viscosity at most equal to 50 and preferably at most equal to 25.
3. An aqueous suspension of mineral substances according to claim 2, characterized in that the copolymer is composed of: a) from 97 to 50% of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a carboxylic function, selected from monoacids such such as acrylic, methacrylic, crotonic, isocrotonic, cinnamic acids, diacids such as itaconic, fumaric, maleic, citraconic acid, or carboxylic acid anhydrides such as maleic anhydride and diacid hemi-esters such as monoesters with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, of maleic or itaconic acids or mixtures thereof, b) from 0 to 50% of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a sulfonic function selected from acrylamido-methyl-propan-sulfonic acid, sodium methallylsulfonate, vinyl sulfonic acid and styrene sulfonic acids, or having a phosphoric function selected from the ethylene glycol methacrylate phosphate, the propylene glycol methacrylate phosphate, the ethylene glycol acrylate phosphate, the propylene glycol acrylate phosphate and its ethoxylates or mixtures thereof, c) from 0% to 50% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having no carboxylic function, selected from the group comprising esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid such as acrylates or methacrylates of methyl, ethyl, butyl, 2- ethyl hexyl or acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, styrene, methylstyrene, diisobutylene, vinylpyrrolidone, vinylcaprolactam, or unsaturated amides such as acrylamide, methacrylamide or its substituted derivatives such as for example dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide or methacrylamide, acrylic or methacrylic esters of methacrylamido-propyltrimethylammonium glycol, chloride or sulfate, methacrylate trimethyl ammonium-ethyl chloride or sulfate and its quaternized acrylate and acrylamide counterparts and / or dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, d) from 3% to 50% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated oxyalkylated monomer terminating with a hydrophobic chain, of the general formula (I): R L (CH2_CH_0) ra (_CH2_CH2_0) n (_CH2_CH_0), q- 'R' I J Ri in which: m and p represent a number of alkylene oxide units less than or equal to 100, n represents a number of ethylene oxide units less than or equal to 100, q is a number at least equal to 1 and such that: 0 < q (n + m + p) < 100 Ri is hydrogen or the methyl or ethyl radical, R2 is hydrogen or the methyl or ethyl radical. R represents the polymerizable unsaturated radical belonging to the group of acrylic, methacrylic, maleic, itaconic, crotonic, vinylphthalic esters as well as unsaturated urethanes such as, for example, acryl urethane, methacrylurethane, aa'dimethyl-m-isopropenyl-benzylurethane, allylurethane . R 'represents the hydrophobic radical such as tristyrylphenyl or linear or branched alkyl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, aryl groups having at least 8 carbon atoms or dialkylamines having at least 8 carbon atoms when R represents unsaturated urethanes or R 'represents hydrophobic radicals such as tristyrylphenyl as well as linear or branched alkyl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, aryl groups having more than 30 carbon atoms. carbon or dialkylamines having more than 22 carbon atoms when R represents the polymerizable unsaturated radical belonging to the group of acrylic, methacrylic, maleic, itaconic, crotonic or vinylphthalic esters, the total constituents of (a), (b), (c) and (d) is equal to 100 and in that it has a viscosity at most equal to 50 and preferably at most equal to 25.
4. An aqueous suspension of mineral substances according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hydrophobic radical R 'of the monomer d) is a branched alkyl group having 32 carbon atoms when R represents a methacrylic ester.
5. An aqueous suspension of mineral substances according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hydrophobic radical R 'of the monomer d) is a tristyrylphenyl group when R represents a methacrylic ester or a methacrylurethane.
6. An aqueous suspension of mineral substances according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the copolymer is in the acid form, or partially or totally neutralized by one or more neutralizing agents having a monovalent function selected from the group comprising the cations alkali, in particular sodium, potassium or ammonium, or alternatively aliphatic and / or cyclic, primary, secondary or tertiary amines such as mono- or distearylamine, ethanolamines (mono-, di-, triethanolamine), mono- and diethylamine , cyclohexylamine, methylcyclohexylamine and / or one or more neutralizing agents having a polyvalent function selected from the group comprising alkaline earth metal divalent cations, in particular magnesium and calcium or alternatively zinc as well as trivalent cations, in particular aluminum , or alternatively by certain cations with a higher valence.
7. An aqueous suspension of mineral substances according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it contains 0.05% to 5% by weight of the copolymer fraction dry in relation to the dry weight of the substances or mineral substances.
8. An aqueous suspension of mineral substances according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the substance or mineral substances are chosen from among the mineral substances with a hydrophilic surface charged and preferably selected from natural or synthetic calcium carbonates or the dolomite or kaolins and mixtures thereof and most preferably from chalk, calcite or marble.
9. An aqueous suspension of mineral substances according to claim 8, characterized in that the mineral substance is a calcium carbonate and because it simultaneously has a high yield strength and a low Brookfiield viscosity for a dry substance concentration of at least 45%. % and preferably at least 60%.
10. An aqueous suspension of mineral substances according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the substance or mineral substances are chosen from among the mineral substances with a hydrophobic surface and are preferably chosen from talc or mica or a mixture thereof.
11. An aqueous suspension of mineral substances according to claim 10, characterized in that the mineral substance is a talc or a mica and that it simultaneously has a high yield strength and a low Brookfield viscosity for a concentration of the dry substance of at least 45% and preferably at least 60%.
12. An aqueous suspension of mineral substances according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the mineral substances are a mixture of mineral substances with a hydrophilic surface and / or a mixture of mineral substances with a hydrophobic surface and preferably a mixture of talc and calcium carbonate or talc and kaolin.
13. The use of the aqueous suspension of mineral substances according to any of claims 1 to 12, in the paper industry.
14. The use of the aqueous suspension of mineral substances according to claim 13, for the manufacture of paper.
15. The use of the aqueous suspension of mineral substances according to J »claim 13, for the preparation of coating colors.
16. A coating color characterized in that it contains, in addition to the usual additives, one or more aqueous suspensions of mineral substances according to any of claims 1 to 12.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9709388 | 1997-07-18 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| MXPA98005800A true MXPA98005800A (en) | 1999-06-01 |
Family
ID=
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US6414074B1 (en) | Aqueous suspensions of mineral materials and their uses | |
| US6093764A (en) | Use of a copolymer with a surface-active structure as a dispersing and/or crushing aid | |
| US6946510B2 (en) | Use of weakly anionic copolymers as dispersing and/or grinding aid agent of an aqueous suspension of mineral materials | |
| US8017679B2 (en) | Grinding aid of mineral materials in aqueous suspension, resulting aqueous suspensions and uses thereof | |
| JP4686192B2 (en) | Aqueous suspensions of ground minerals with low ionic load and their use | |
| JP5346319B2 (en) | Grafted copolymer having at least one alkoxy or hydroxypolyalkylene glycol functional group and use thereof | |
| TWI295302B (en) | An agent for assisting the grinding and/or for dispersing of minerial materials in aqueous suspension, the aqueous suspensions obtained and the uses thereof | |
| MXPA98005800A (en) | Aqueous suspensions of mineral materials and their u | |
| MXPA98005801A (en) | Use of a copolymer as an active structure superficially as a dispersion agent and / or triturac |