MXPA98004670A - Intelligent load alternator - Google Patents

Abstract

Electrical connection diagrams are described that are incorporated into a conventional alternator to obtain an intelligent charging alternator, which allows charging two or more batteries individually or connected in series, so that even when one of them is at full load, avoid that the current regulator cut the load of the other battery and its discharge takes place, said smart charging alternator basically consists of a parallel winding arranged in a star, triangle, two-phase or monophasic arrangement, but without any limitation as for the number of said windings, since they can be 1,2, 3, 4, etc. arranged in the same slot of the stator, incorporating as many parallel windings as the number of batteries are going to be used, a rectifier plate with three positive diodes and three negative diodes arranged between the coils in parallel and each winding, a bridge connected to the respective bridges the batteries and auxiliary diodes to feed the rot

Description

INTELLIGENT LOAD ALTERNATOR FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the technique of current generating devices that allow to accumulate the voltage in electric batteries "which provide current to various peripheral equipment within a system" and more particularly if it is related to an intelligent charging alternator »which offers a simple and practical solution to the problems of discharging electric batteries that cause difficulties in the start-up of equipment and mobile units.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is well known that in the plurality of equipment that uses two batteries of 12V + 12V (at rest or in discharge) and 14V + 14V in the case of all its load, as well as in mobile units such as tractors. airplanes, buses. Vessel machines, etc. .. AM-FM 12V receivers, telephone. BLU BHF. fans, cassette players or other different types of receivers and existing systems. which are normally connected to the first battery of O-12V, since in the second 12-24V battery can not connect any receiver because in the latter such receivers would be burned by having a voltage of 12V to ground . Since the power supply of the aforementioned equipment is carried out by means of the 0-12V battery, there is consequently an amperage consumption in the battery that causes its voltage to drop to less than 12V in the first instance and to be progressively reduced to download it »while the battery 12-24V remains charged in its entirety. This is clear evidence that the use of conventional systems makes it extremely difficult to start equipment and that, in many cases, this does not occur, because although it is true that 12-24V battery is fully charged, it is also true that the 0-12V battery is at a lower voltage and / or with a numeric voltage value equal to 0. so that the equipment would not start »and if they did so, the following phenomenon would occur: The 0-12V battery would be 12V and the 12-24V battery would be fully charged; however, in the latter the tension would tend to increase until reaching 15 or 16V. adding in this way the 2BV. Consequently. the controller will cut off its charge and will not allow charging the battery 0-12V. In summary, the 0-12V battery would be destroyed due to a lack of "sulphation" charge, while the 12-24V battery would be destroyed by overvoltage when the tank water runs out due to excessive voltage and excessive heating.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION Taking into account the defects of prior art alternators, it is an object of the present invention to provide an intelligent charging alternator, which by the design and arrangement of its components allows even when one of the batteries is fully charged. avoid that the regulator cuts the load of the other battery and its discharge occurs. It is a further object of the present invention to provide an intelligent charging alternator »which besides being simple and economical» offers the possibility of permanently having an optimum and available charge on both batteries. A further object of the present invention is to provide an intelligent charging alternator »which without the need to use additional devices such as so-called parallel-series» prevents both the lack of capacity for starting the equipment »as well as the total discharge of the batteries .

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The novel aspects that are considered characteristic of the present invention will be established with particularity in the appended claims. However, the invention itself both by its organization and by its method of operation. together with other objects and advantages thereof »will be better understood in the following detailed description, when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows a connection diagram of the coil arrangement of the intelligent charge alternator, in accordance with the principles of the present invention. Figure 2 shows a further connection diagram of the coil arrangement of the intelligent charge alternator, in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a perspective view of a conventional alternator »showing in detail the different parts that constitute it and including the connection diagram of the coil arrangement that allows obtaining the intelligent charging alternator of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Referring now in particular to the drawings and more specifically to Figures 1 to 3. there are connection diagrams of coil arrangements of an intelligent charging alternator 1. as well as an arrangement in which such connections are incorporated into a set consisting of the following elements: nut 9 »washer 10» double pulley 11 »turbine 12» rear cover 13 »first insert 14» primary bearing 15, second insert 16 »bushing 17» rotor IB »third insert 19» secondary bearing 20 , bearing 21, stator 22 »front cover 23. carbons 24 and cover 25. Said intelligent charging alternator 1. basically consists of a winding in star arrangement 2» which can also be in triangle. two-phase or single-phase, said winding being of the parallel type and arranged in a same slot of the stator 22. in such a way that as many parallel windings are carried out as the number of batteries that according to the design are going to be used, either 2. 3. 4 »etc .. Between the coils in parallel and each winding there is a rectifier plate 3 comprising three positive diodes 4 and three negative diodes 5 making a total of six diodes. In this way »for the case where you have two batteries» you will have two bridge rectifiers »for the case of three batteries you will have three bridge rectifiers» for the case of four batteries you would have four bridge rectifiers and so on, being able to be 12 + 12 »24 + 24. 7 + 7 or 24 + 12 + 6 V. In other words, and as an example only, we can mention that it is preferable to design the first battery with 12 + 12 + 6 + 24V, although in theory the parallel winding would have six turns of wire. the second six laps. the third three laps and the last one is 24V. twelve turns, each with its corresponding individual rectifiers connected in series. In this way. at the time of charging, the voltages would increase to 14 + 14 + 7 + 2BV, all in a uniform manner. The batteries are connected serially and in parallel with their respective rectifying bridges. In this design »rectifier plates 3 can be connected in series 12 + 12 = 100A 24V. or in parallel 12/12 = 200A 12V. It is convenient that in most of the designs the three auxiliary diodes S of rectifier plate 3 12/24 (14 / 2B) are taken, since the regulator takes as reference the second battery that has the lowest consumption of current »because only the starter and the lights are connected to the second battery» while the other devices are connected at 0-12V. The above allows to keep the two batteries with a voltage close to 14V »being therefore convenient that both the regulator and the rotor 18 are 12 / 14V. The batteries can be of different amperage "so that the lower amperage will receive the corresponding charge to complete its charge" either a battery of 12V and 35 amperes and up to more than 200 amperes, although in this case, as is logical to think , the total charge of the battery would take a little longer. It should be mentioned that the voltage values are strict, 6-7V for 6-7 and 12-14V batteries for 12-14 batteries. depending on the winding of the stator 22 with respect to the voltage. although the amperage will be based on the starting needs or the type of use and intensity of the current used.

According to the design of a stator, in each positive-negative connection or in the rectifier plates 3 »there is a bridge 7 connected to the respective jumpers of the batteries, as illustrated in figure 2. two windings in parallel, two plates bridge rectifiers connected in series, two batteries connected in series and in parallel with their respective rectifier bridges. Now, in a more illustrative way, suppose that the first battery is discharged and that the rest are at full load. In this case, the intelligent charging alternator 1 of the invention will fully charge only the discharged battery and will not feed a single ampere to those batteries that are under full load, since they do not need it, so that a regulator that cuts is used the load on a scale between approximately 24 and approximately 2BV, while supplying the rotor IB which also requires between 24 and 2BV »its power is taken from the second bridge with three diodes or it is fed from the ignition key as any conventional alternator. The windings can be made of aluminum, copper, silver, superconductors and / or any other material suitable for this purpose. However, the intelligent charging alternator 1 of the present invention is designed to basically solve the battery discharge problems that cause difficulties in starting equipment and mobile units using 0-12V. You can also design a 12-14-12-14V alternator that is the most commonly used; However, to achieve this purpose, the use of terminals that would connect to the 12-14V parallel bridges would be required in order to double the amperage. Thus, if in a winding of 24-28V approximately 100 or more amperes are obtained, an amperage of up to 200 amperes or more could of course be reached. However, it may be the case that all batteries are discharged; however, the intelligent charging alternator 1 of the invention is capable of fully charging all of them, that is, 14-7, 2B or 14-14V as in the aforementioned case. It should be mentioned that although the IB rotor used is of the conventional type, the voltage to be used must be taken into account, since although the most common is 12-14V, the 24-2BV is most recommendable for solve the problem in question. Also, it is important to clarify that the regulators used are of the conventional type, such as those of 12-14V or 24-2BV etc. "but considering of course their capacity according to the design and the amperage demand that will have to be consumed by the rotor 18. Stator 22, on the other hand, is also conventional »but if the design requires it» certain modifications can be made as regards the number of revolutions »amperage» winding and number of slots or other modifications such as lengthening the cover collector in order to incorporate the necessary diode bridges »or» to modify the covers both on the side of the pulley and on the side of the collector to properly distribute the necessary rectifiers. As clearly illustrated in the following example, an intelligent charging alternator can be designed for two or more batteries with the following poles: ROTOR STATOR THREE-PHASE SINGLE-PHASE STATOR 2 POLES 6 SLOTS 2 POLES 4 POLES 12 SLOTS 4 POLES 6 POLES 18 SLOTS 6 POLES 8 POLES 24 SLOTS 8 POLES 10 POLES 30 SLOTS 10 POLES 12 POLES 36 SLOTS 12 POLES 14 POLES 42 SLOTS 14 POLES 16 POLES 48 SLOTS 16 POLES and so on successively. On the other hand, the rotor 18_, which drives the intelligent charging alternator 1 of the invention, is also of the conventional type and can also be powered from the positive pole of the battery without the three auxiliary diodes 6. The most convenient one can be designed according to specific needs, either on the voltage of 6-7 »12-24 or 24-2BV. Even though certain embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described, it should be emphasized that numerous modifications to them are possible. The present invention, therefore, should not be considered as restricted except for what is required by the prior art and by the spirit of the annexed recitations.

Claims (3)

NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS

1. - An intelligent charging alternator composed of a set consisting of the following elements: nut »washer» double pulley »turbine» rear cover »first insert» primary bearing »second insert» hub »rotor. third supplement. second bearing bearing, stator, front cover, coals and cover that allows charging two or more batteries individually or connected in series »characterized in that it comprises two or more windings arranged in a star arrangement» in triangle »two-phase or single phase for each of the batteries to be used »which are arranged in a single slot of the stator» at least one rectifier plate with three positive diodes and three negative diodes located between the coils in parallel and each winding; a bridge rectifier connected to the respective bridge of the batteries; and auxiliary diodes for feeding the rotor; the intelligent charging alternator, according to claim 1. further characterized in that the intelligent charging alternator »according to claim 1» further characterized in that 2.- The intelligent charging alternator, according to claim 1. further characterized because to obtain the same voltage, each of the windings must have the same number of conductor turns in the same stator slot. 3. The intelligent charging alternator »according to claim 1» further characterized in that when each parallel winding has the same voltage »the rectifier can be connected in parallel» maintaining the voltage and increasing the amperage »as long as said rectifier it is connected in series. the voltages are added maintaining the amperage.