MXPA98003892A - Method of control and diagnosis of the operation of a high tens electrical system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention refers to the method of the present invention consists, at the time of opening or closing of the apparatus, especially an electrically isolated circuit breaker, in: i) registering a signal (4a1) representative of the time evolution of the pressure in the cutting chamber, with the help of a sensor placed on the outside of the cutting chamber and mounted to communicate with the gas under pressure in this chamber, ii) registering a signal (4a2) representative of the time evolution of the movable contact with the help of a sensor placed on the outside of the cutting chamber and mounted to detect the displacement of a maneuvering rod, iii) comparing the preceding signals with the corresponding signals (2a1, 2a2) representative of a reference operation of the apparatus high-voltage electric to control the good functioning or to detect the malfunctioning of the electrical appliance, especially the blocking of a valve in The disyunt cutting chamber

Description

* t- * «-" METHOD OF CONTROL AND DIAGNOSIS OF THE OPERATION OF A HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL APPLIANCE Field of the Invention 5 The present invention relates to a method of controlling and diagnosing the operation of a high-voltage electrical device comprising, inside a cutting chamber containing a gas under pressure, contacts of which at least one that is moveable is moved by a maneuver rod. The invention is applied more particularly to control and diagnostics of operation of the so-called circuit breakers of new generation, power It can be applied to other devices such as a disconnector or a grounding switch if the technology of these devices is similar to that of the. so-called circuit breakers of the new generation. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Up to the present, to control the operation of. the active part of a circuit breaker, the cutting chamber is disassembled, which immobilizes this Rf.27546 circuit breaker for a certain time. The object of the invention is to propose a non-intrusive method of monitoring and diagnosing the operation of a circuit breaker, ie it is not necessary to disassemble the cutting chamber thereof. For this purpose, the object of the invention is a method for controlling and diagnosing the operation of a high-voltage electrical appliance comprising, inside a cutting chamber containing a gas under pressure, contacts of which at least one which is movable, is displaced by a maneuvering rod, which consists, at the time of opening or closure of the electrically isolated apparatus, in: i) registering a signal representative of the time evolution of the pressure in the cutting chamber with the aid of a sensor placed on the outside of the cutting chamber and mounted to communicate with the gas under pressure in this chamber, ii) comparing the preceding signal with a corresponding signal representative of a reference operation of the high voltage electrical apparatus for control the good operation or to detect a malfunction of the electrical device. A malfunction can result, for example, from a blockage in the open or closed position of a valve in the circuit breaker's cut-off chamber, or even from an abnormally high mechanical shock of the movable contacts in the opening or closing of the circuit breaker. Advantageously, in the method according to the invention, in addition to the signal representing the time evolution of the pressure, a signal representative of the time evolution of the displacement of the movable contact is recorded with the help of a sensor placed on the outside of the cutting chamber. and mounted to detect the displacement of the operating rod. The registration of the two signals of pressure and displacement, allows to detect the malfunction with an increased safety, the signal representative of the displacement serves to confirm the diagnosis found on the signal representative of the pressure. Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent during the reading of the mode of operation of the method according to the invention illustrated by the drawings. Figure 1 shows a cutting chamber in cross section with a pressure sensor and a position sensor mounted on the outside of this chamber. Figures 2a and 2b illustrate a pressure register and a position register corresponding to a reference operation of a circuit breaker respectively in the closure and in the opening. Figures 3a and 3b illustrate a malfunction of the circuit breaker attributed to a blockage of the open position of the valves placed on a rear crown of the circuit breaker respectively in the closure and in the opening. Figures 4a and 4b illustrate malfunction of the circuit breaker attributed to a blockage in the closed position of the valves placed on a rear crown of the circuit breaker respectively in the closure and in the opening. Figures 5a and 5b illustrate a malfunction of the circuit breaker attributed to a blockage in the open position of the valves placed on a front crown of the circuit breaker respectively in the closure and in the opening. Figures 6a and bb illustrate malfunctioning of the circuit breaker attributed to a lock in the closed position of the valves placed on a front crown of the circuit breaker respectively in the closure and in the opening. Figures 7a to 7c illustrate a recording of the pressure reflecting a mechanical shock respectively normal, abnormally high at the end of the opening, and abnormally high during the opening of the circuit breaker.

Detailed description of the invention The invention provides a method of control and diagnostic operation of a high voltage electrical appliance, and in particular of a circuit breaker. In Figure 1, a circuit breaker of the new generation, of reduced energy of the command, comprises, in a cutting chamber defined by a sheath or airtight liner 5 filled with a dielectric gas such as SFß under a pressure of a few bars, a contact fixed main tubular 1 cooperating with a movable tubular main contact 3, the contact 3 is movable following the axial direction D. The fixed main contact 1 is integral with a fixed arcing contact 7 cooperating with a mobile arcing contact 9 integral with the movable main contact 3. The movable contacts 3 and 9 are displaced following the direction D by a maneuvering rod 11 that emerges from the side 5A of the lining or sheath 5. The maneuvering rod is guided in its sliding by a runner, a support block 13 mounted fixed inside the liner or shell, supported on the side 5A.

The movable main contact 3 and the movable arcing contact 9 are coaxial and are arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction D. A front crown 15 is placed between the two moving contacts 3 and 9 in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction D. The same they are integral with the two movable contacts 3 and 9 and are opened by the intermediation of the valves lll and 152 on a volume of blower VI enclosed by a blow pipe 17. A rear crown 19 is placed between the two movable contacts 3 and 9 in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction D. It slides with respect to the two movable contacts and is opened by the intermediation of two valves 191 and 192 on a compression-depression volume V2 closed by the front crown 15. A spring 20 is supported by one end on the support block 13 and the other end on the face of the rear crown 19 which does not carry the valves 191 and 192. The method According to the invention, a first sensor is used that records the time evolution of the pressure prevailing in the cutting chamber at the time of opening or closing the circuit breaker. In FIG. 1, a pressure sensor 21 for recording the time evolution of the pressure in the cutting chamber is, for example, an elastic membrane sensor. Advantageously, a temperature-compensated pressure sensor is used which behaves as a pressure sensor at the time of rapid changes in pressure inside the cutting chamber due to the thermal inertia of such sensor, and what otherwise allows to monitor the density of the dielectric gas 6. The pressure sensor is externally fixed on the metal jacket 5 of the circuit breaker. The gas 6 present in the cutting chamber is brought into communication with the pressure sensor 21 by the intermediation of a duct 23 formed in the thickness of the metal jacket 5. According to a particularly advantageous method, the method according to the invention uses a second sensor that records the time evolution of the position of the mobile contact (s) at the time of opening or closing the circuit breaker. In FIG. 1, a sensor of the position 25 for recording a time evolution of the position of the mobile contact (s) in the cutting chamber is, for example, an optical cell, or even an inductive or Hall effect sensor. . It is externally fixed to the envelope or metallic liner 5 for example on the side 5A of the envelope to detect the displacement of the rod 11 following the direction D. The signals P and L produced by the two sensors of pressure 21 and the position 25 is provided to a unit 30. The unit 30 can be a unit for fixing and / or processing the data. By comparing the P and L signals recorded at the time of an opening and closing operation of the electrically isolated circuit breaker with the reference registers, you can control the good operation or detect a malfunction of the circuit breaker as explained below. In figure 2a, a reference operation with respect to the closure of the circuit breaker is shown in a reference register of the pressure 2al in a flat or smooth manner and a reference register in the position 2a2 in the form of an upward ramp as indicated by the arrow Fm. At the time of closure, the compression-depression volume V2 is initially zero, the front 15 and rear 19 crowns are in contact. The recording of the pressure 2al is explained by the fact that the displacement of the movable contact 9 in the direction indicated by arrow f of figure 1, causes the opening of the valves 191 and 192 of the rear crown 19 allowing the dielectric outlet gas, so that no depression is created in the cutting chamber. At the end of the route, the valves that close the circuit breaker are prepared or ready for opening. It should be noted that the register 2al is terminated by the relatively rapid oscillations of the pressure which reflect the sound wave generated by the mechanical shock of the movable main contact 3 with the fixed main contact 1. In FIG. 2b, a reference operation with the The opening of the circuit breaker is manifested by a reference register of the pressure 2bl of curved shape and a reference register of the position 2b2 in the form of a descending ramp as indicated by the arrow Fd. At the time of opening, the compression-depression volume V2 is initially maximum, the front 15 and rear 19 crowns are separated by a maximum distance. The recording of the pressure 2bl is explained by the fact that the displacement of the movable contact 9 in the direction indicated by the arrow or of figure 1, is accompanied by a compression of the gas contained in the volume of the compression-depression V2 that corresponds to a depression in the cutting chamber, and a compression of the gas contained in the blow volume VI defined by the blow pipe or conduit 17. At approximately half the travel, the valves 151 and 152 of the front crown 15 are open to equalize the gas pressure in the two volumes of compression-depression V2 and Blow VI, and a part of the compressed gas is allowed to escape through the blow pipe to achieve an eventual electric arc when the opening is made with the load . It should be noted that the register 2bl is terminated by the relatively rapid oscillations brought about by a slower oscillation of the pressure which reflects the sound wave generated by the mechanical shock of the front crown 15 with the rear crown 19. Figures 3a, 4a, 5a, ßa represent the records of pressure and position in the closing of a circuit breaker under control. Figures 3b, 4b, 5b, 6b represent the records of pressure and position in the opening of this circuit breaker under control. These records reflect a malfunction of the circuit breaker. Thus in Figure 3a, the closure of the circuit breaker under control is manifested by two registers of pressure 3al and position 3a2 similar to reference registers 2al and 2a2. In contrast, in Figure 3b, the opening of the circuit breaker under control is manifested by a pressure register 3bl different from the reference register 2bl indicated with dotted lines, the register of the position 3b2 is similar to the reference register 2b2. The difference between the registers 2bl and 3b1 reflects a blockage in the open position of the valves 191 and 192 of the rear crown 19. This difference can easily be detected automatically by a program in the data processing unit 30. Figures 4a and 4b illustrate a malfunction of the circuit breaker attributed to a lock in the closed position of the valves 191 and 192 of the rear crown 19. The reference records with dotted lines have still been represented on these figures. It is observed that the detection of the malfunction is made by detecting a difference between the registers 4al and 2al and 4a2 and 2a2. It should be noted that at the time of closure, the register of the position 4a2 shows the existence of the important retention force exerted by a depression created in the compression-depression volume V2, and serves to confirm the diagnosis of blocking in the closed position of the valves 191 and 192. Figures 5a and 5b illustrate a malfunction of the circuit breaker attributed to a blockage in the open position of the valves 151 and 152 of the front crown 15. It is noted that the detection of the malfunction is made by detecting a difference between the records " 5bl and 2bl, 5b2 and 2b2.

The figures ßa and ßb illustrate a malfunction of the circuit breaker attributed to a blockage in the closed position of the valves 151 and 152 of the front crown 15. It is observed that the detection of the dysfunction is made by detecting a difference between the records ßbl and 2bl, ßb2 and 2b2. It should be further noted that at the time of opening, the recording of position 6b2 shows the existence of a significant retention force exerted by a compression created in the volume of compression-depression V2, and serves to confirm the diagnosis of blocking in the closed position of the valves 151 and 152. It is thus understood that the method according to the invention makes it possible to locate the defective element of the circuit breaker if it refers to the examples of FIGS. 3a-3b to 6a-b. These figures illustrate the records of the typical temporal evolutions that can vary depending on the topology of the circuit breaker or the high voltage electrical device. On the other hand, an analysis of the frequency and amplitude of the oscillations in the pressure registers at the end or during the course of the opening or closing of the circuit breaker, allows to control a normal mechanical shock or to diagnose an abnormally high mechanical shock. between the mobile and fixed contacts or between the front and rear crowns. In Figure 7a, a pressure register representative of a normal mechanical shock in a reference operation of the circuit breaker is shown. In FIGS. 7b and 7c the pressure registers are shown which show, by comparison with the preceding register respectively, an abnormally high mechanical shock at the end of the opening and mechanical shock or an abnormal vibration in the course of the opening.

It is noted that in relation to this date the best method known by the applicant to carry out the aforementioned invention, is that which is clear from the present description of the invention.

Having described the invention as above, property is claimed as contained in the following

Claims (3)

1. A method of monitoring and diagnosing the operation of a high-voltage electrical appliance comprising a cutting chamber, filled with a dielectric gas under pressure, provided with a sensor that is placed on the outside of this chamber and is mounted to communicate with the gas under pressure in this chamber, and containing contacts of which at least one that is movable is displaced by a control rod, in which a pressure signal supplied by the sensor is compared with a signal representative of a Reference operation of the electrical appliance, characterized in that the pressure signal is recorded during the movement of said movable contact to represent the time evolution of the pressure in the cutting chamber at the time of opening or closing the electrically insulated appliance.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it also consists of registering a signal representative of the time evolution of the movable contact with the help of a sensor placed on the outside of the cutting chamber and mounted to detect the displacement of the rod. maneuver, and this signal is compared with a corresponding signal representative of a reference operation of the high voltage electrical apparatus.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it also consists in analyzing the oscillations of the pressure in the signal representative of the time evolution of the pressure in the cutting chamber for the purposes of control or diagnosis of mechanical shocks. between the elements of the apparatus.