MXPA98003378A - Device and method of supply from a source - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a distribution for supplying power from a voltage source a.c. which includes a rectifier bridge (D!) and a converter (TRI, D5, C4), an inductor means (L1) is connected between a first output terminal on the rectifier bridge and a valley sediment circuit (10) that includes at least two capacitors (C1, C2). The converter includes a transformer (TRI) having a primary winding which together with a controllable switching means (SW1) is included with a circuit extending from a second output terminal on the rectifier bridge to the interconnection junction between the medium inductor and the valley sediment circuit (10). When the absolute value of the source voltage is greater than or approximately equal to the highest intermediate voltage that includes the voltage across at least one capacitor in the valley sediment circuit, the energy is supplied from the source to the inductor means and towards the valley sediment circuit. The energy is then supplied to the converter from the source through the inductor and in parallel from all the capacitors (C1, C2) that have the highest intermediate voltage, where the amount of the source energy supplied depends on the voltage (Vc3) through the input of the convert

Description

DEVICE AND METHOD OF SUPPLY TO STARTING FROM A SOURCE AC Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the field of voltage converters and more particularly to the field of conversion of the alternating voltage into a direct voltage or direct current voltage. More specifically, the invention relates to a distribution and a method for measuring the minimum input voltage; the transformer TR1 is supplied mainly with the current by means of the capacitors in the two sediment circuits of a valley 12, 14.

Description of the Prior Art IEC 1000-3-2 is a standard that discloses what the voltage input and current input should look like to a distribution from an alternate voltage source in order to be classified. as a type apparatus of type A. This type of distribution is described in DE-4-4 243-943 among other things. The distribution described in this publication includes a capacitor that is charged during that period of time in which the absolute value of the source voltage exceeds the voltage across the capacitor and is discharged when the absolute value of the source voltage is lower than this voltage.

Another distribution that meets the requirements of the aforementioned standard is described in the article "A New Family of Single-Stage Isolated Power-Factor Correctors with Fast Regulation of the Output Voltage", by R. Redi, L. Balogh and N.O. Sokal in PESC 94, Registration, pages 1137-1144. This document is mainly concerned with how two switches can be combined to form a switch. The document discloses a plurality of different converter circuits. One of these circuits is a voltage converter that includes a rectifier bridge whose output terminal is connected to a coil which in turn is connected to a valley sediment circuit. The valley sediment circuit is connected to a rapidly receding converter that includes three sinuosities. A switch that can be controlled is connected between the other output terminal of the rectifier bridge and the interconnection junction between the coil and the valley sediment circuit. This circuit works to charge the voltage of the source to both capacitors when the switch is disconnected. When the switch is made, one end of the coil is grounded and all the source voltage content is applied at that moment in time through the coil. The two capacitors are discharged simultaneously in parallel through their respective sinuosities, in order to generate a voltage through the third sinuosity, which is used to generate a d.c. The coil is operated in this circuit in a discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), in other words, it sends all its stored energy to the two capacitors. If the coil works in a continuous driving mode (CCM) and the converter is connected to a load that draws only a small amount of current, the capacitors would not discharge in the same proportion as they are charged through the coil. This results in a high voltage across the capacitors which in turn influences the duration of the pulse that controls the switch. The voltage across the capacitors can then be made so large that they require unnecessarily large and powerful capacitors, or the provision of several capacitors. Alternatively, a high voltage protector may be required to limit this voltage. These measures make the circuit relatively expensive. The problem can also be rectified using an additional control circuit, although this solution requires an additional controlled switch that in turn requires a different control to the first switch. This also adds to the cost of the distribution.

Compendium of the Invention The present invention solves the problem by virtue of the fact that a converter that includes a transformer in at least one inductor means and at least one valley sediment circuit obtains a high power factor and good operation in a continuous low load driving mode while At the same time the requirements concerning the appearance of the input voltage and the input current from an ac voltage source are satisfied for a distribution in accordance with the IEC 1000-3-2 standard.

The problem is solved by connecting a controlled switch means in the same current circuit as the primary sinuosity of the transformer, so that the energy sent to the primary sinuosity will not only come from the valley sediment circuit, but also from the source through the medium of the inductor. This facilitates the voltage level at which the capacitors included in the valley sediment circuit are charged to be controlled so that they are not excessively high at low loads and in continuous driving modes.

The object of the present invention is to provide a distribution and method for supplying energy from a voltage source a.c. which provides high power factors and which satisfies the requirements of the input voltage and the appearance of the input current in accordance with the IEC 1000-3-2 standard, and which will work well in a continuous driving mofo and at low loads.

An inventive distribution such as this includes at least one inductor means connected between a rectifier bridge and a first valley sediment circuit, and a converter. The converter includes a transformer having a primary sinuosity connected in a circuit extending from an output terminal 'on the rectifier bridge to the junction of the interconnection of the inductor means and the valley sediment circuit. This circuit also includes a controllable switch means.

According to the invention, a method such as this of supplying energy to a converter that includes a transformer having a primary sinuosity comprises a number of steps when the absolute value of the voltage source is greater or substantially equal to the higher intermediate voltage. . During a positive period half of the source, the intermediate voltage includes a voltage across at least one first capacitor in a first capacitive series circuit. Each capacitor in the first circuit of the valley sediment is also included in a corresponding capacitive series circuit. During the middle of the positive period, the method includes the steps of al) supplying the power source to at least one inductor and optionally in series to at least the capacitors in the first valley sediment circuit; and d) supply the energy to the primary sinuosity from the source through the primary sinuosity, in parallel from all capacitive series circuits where the highest intermediate voltage is obtained, so that the amount of energy supplied from the source depends on the voltage through the primary sinuosity.

Another object of the invention is to provide a distribution and a method that provides the converter with a smoother mode with which less harmonics are generated in the input current, and which supplies the converter with more effective energy.

This distribution also includes a third capacitor that is connected in parallel with the aforementioned circuit.

In this method, step a) also includes supplying the power source to a third capacitor that is not part of a valley sediment circuit, and when the voltage across the third capacitor is greater than the higher intermediate voltage, the next step bl) includes the power supply to the primary sinuosity from the third capacitor and from the source through the inductor means until the voltage across the third capacitor has fallen to the highest intermediate voltage. Step d) then also includes the supply of power from circuits in capacitive series in parallel with the supply of energy from the third capacitor.

Another object of the invention is to provide a distribution that is capable of operating in accordance with the aforementioned principles and of sending the same voltage to the converter essentially from two voltage sources a.c. mutually different when one sources have voltage levels that are hardly half as large at the voltage levels of the other source.

This objective is achieved with an inventive distribution having a second inductor means connected between the other output terminal of the rectifier bridge and the circuit, on at least one second valley sediment circuit connected between a second terminal on a first sediment circuit of valley and the interconnection junction between the circuit and the second inductor means, and an additional switch means connected between an input terminal on the rectifier bridge and the interconnect junction between the two valley sediment circuits.

The present invention solves the advantage that the voltage across the valley sediment circuit included in the inventive distribution is controlled by means of the current through a first and optionally a second inductor means, so that the voltage is not capable to arise in the low load and in a fashion of continuous operation.

Another advantage is that the transformer included in the inventive distribution has only two sinuosities and that no high-voltage protector or additional capacitors for over-dimension of the circuit are required, which provides a non-expensive distribution when the distribution must be capable of being operated on. a continuous driving trend at low loads.

The term "valley sediment circuit" is intended to mean a plurality of capacitors that are connected together in a manner that all capacitors will be charged in series with each other, but which are discharged in parallel when the voltage across each of the Trainers is the same. The capacitive series circuit means a circuit comprising the capacitors where each capacitor is included in a respective valley sediment circuit. The capacitance series circuit may also include only one capacitor or may include several capacitors. By the highest intermediate voltage, the voltage is meant by a capacitor or by all capacitors in a capacitive series circuit that is higher or equal to the corresponding voltage for the other capacitive series circuits. Brief Description of the Drawings The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein; Figure 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating a first embodiment of an inventive distribution; Figure 2A shows curves illustrating the variation of voltage time through a controllable switch means in the distribution of Figure 1 at the switching frequency of the switch means; Figure 2B shows curves illustrating the variation of the time of the currents corresponding to the voltage in Figure 2A, Figure 2C shows curves illustrating the variation of voltage time through a third capacitor shown in Figure 1; these curves correspond to the curve shown in Figures 2A and 2B; Figure 3A shows the curves illustrating the time variation of a full-wave rectified input voltage and an input current from a voltage source a.c. towards the distribution in Figure 1 on the frequency of the source; Figure 3B shows the curves illustrating the time variation of a full-wave rectified input voltage from the source and the voltage through the third capacitor shown in Figure 1 at the frequency of the source, and; Figure 4 is a circuit diagram illustrating a second embodiment of an inventive distribution.

Description of the Preferred Modalities Figure 1 illustrates a first embodiment of an inventive distribution. The distribution includes a rectifier bridge DI whose two input terminals are trying to connect to a voltage source a.c. to obtain an input voltage Vin (V input). An output terminal of the bridge DI is connected to a first terminal on the valley sediment circuit 10 through an inductor means., and the other output terminal is connected to a second connection terminal on the valley sediment circuit 10. The inductor means Ll, also called self-induction by pumping, is preferably in the form of a coil and the valley sediment circuit or the corresponding charging and discharging circuit includes capacitors that are serially charged and discharged in parallel. In this embodiment, the valley sediment circuit 10 includes a first capacitor Cl which is connected to a second capacitor C2 through a first diode D3. The first capacitor Cl is connected to the first connection terminal of the valley sediment circuit 10, and the second capacitor C2 is connected to the second connection terminal of the circuit. A second diode D2 is connected between the first connection terminal of the valley sediment circuit 10 and the interconnection junction between the first diode D3 and the second capacitor C2, and a third diode D4 is connected between the second terminal of the circuit connection of valley sediment 10 and the interconnection anointing between the first capacitor Cl and the first diode D3. The circuit diodes are rotated in such a way that when the sum of the absolute value of a voltage across the input terminals of the rectifier bridge DI and the voltage across the inductor means Ll is greater than the voltage across the first capacitor Cl added to the second capacitor C2, the two capacitors will be connected in series, whereas when the voltage is lower than the voltage through the respective capacitors Cl and C2, the two capacitors will be connected in parallel.

A third capacitor C3 is connected between the two connection terminals of the valley sediment circuit 10, and a circuit is connected in parallel with the third capacitor C3. The circuit includes a primary sinuosity of a transformer TR1 and a controllable switch means SW1. The controllable switch means S 1 is preferably of a PWM controlled transistor class. The transformer TR1 has a secondary transverse sinuosity whose connection terminals of the fourth diode D5 are connected in series with a fourth capacitor C4. The transformer TR1, the fourth diode D5 and the fourth capacitor C4 together form a converter of the fast reverse type. When connected to the distribution with a voltage source a.c., a voltage V (input) is obtained through the input terminals of the rectifier bridge DI. When the voltage V (input) is greater than that mentioned in connection with diodes D2, D3 and D4 in the valley sediment circuit 10, the voltage will give rise to an input current I (input) to the distribution; this current is indicated by an arrow between the rectifier bridge D and the inductor means Ll. The input current I (input) is sent mainly to the first capacitor Cl and to the second capacitor C2 and is also used to supply the converter TR1, D5 and C4 together with the current from the capacitors mentioned above, so as to obtain a voltage V (outside) dc through the fourth capacitor C4; This capacitor is used to supply the current to a load connected to the inventive distribution. The voltage Vc3 through the third capacitor and the current Iswl passing through the controlled switching means SW1 and the voltage Vswl through the controlled switching means are also shown in Figure 1. These quantities will be described in more detail below together with the function of distribution.

Figure 2A shows the voltage Vswl through the controlled switch means SW1 in dependence on the time t for a number of input voltages of mutually different magnitudes at a constant frequency on the converter. The two voltage levels are shown in the Figure in broken lines; the maximum input voltage 0 is shown on the top and half of the 0 1/2 of the maximum input voltage on the bottom. The Figure illustrates the result of switching the switch means SW1 on and off. When the switch means is turned on, the voltage is 0 V and a relatively low voltage falls through the switch means when the switch means is turned off. This will be seen from the Figure that due to the PMW control of the time during which the switch means is a conducting current it will vary with the voltage Vswl through the switch means. The voltage Vswl through the switch means SW1 when the switch is turned off, is sometimes much greater than the maximum input voltage 0 due to the addition of a voltage contribution as a result of a mirage of the output voltage from the converter. fast recoil. When the switch is turned off or off, the voltage first momentarily increases to a value immediately above 0 1/2 of the maximum half-voltage output voltage of the voltage source and then arises linearly with time in the case of certain curves . This increase in linear voltage is a consequence of the discharge of the third capacitor C3 as will be described later in detail.

Figure 2B shows the currents! corresponding swl through the controlled switch means S 1 for the different switch conduction times in dependence on time t. The controlled switch means SW1 is only conducted when it is on and the energy that is transmitted to the converter through each current pulse is essentially of the same magnitude in each period.

Figure 2C shows the voltage Vc3 through the third capacitor C3 in dependence on time t. The figure shows the maximum value of this voltage as a variable between half the 0 1/2 of the maximum voltage of the source and its maximum voltage 0, although the voltage may actually arise slightly above this last voltage due to the energy stored in the first inductor means Ll. In addition to the higher levels in Figure 2A that result from the contribution of the mirror, the voltage curves in Figures 2A and 2C also differ in virtue of the fact that the voltage Vc3 through the third capacitor C3 will slowly fall towards the middle 0 1/2 of the maximum input voltage when the switch means SW1 is conductive current, while the voltage across the switch means SW1 drops immediately to O V.

All curves show different time intervals in relation to the switching of the controlled switch means SW1 on and off; these time points are also shown in broken vertical lines that pass through all the Figures. The time interval shown in the Figure is much shorter than the time period of the voltage source. Accordingly, a number of different voltages and current curves have been shown in order to indicate how variations occur in some different instantaneous input voltage values.

Figure 3A illustrates the variation - of the time of the absolute value of the input voltage | V (input) 1 and the input current I (input) from the voltage source a.c. This absolute value is of course the same voltage value obtained through the output terminals of the bridge rectifier. The absolute value of the input voltage has been shown with a broken line curve and the absolute value of the input current with a full line curve. Current consumption is relatively large, resulting in a high power factor that is approximately 0.92 in the present context. The figure also shows the 0 voltage levels of the maximum source and half of its 0 1/2 of the maximum voltage in dotted lines. Figure 3B shows the same absolute value of the input voltage and the voltage through the third capacitor Vc3 in dependence with time. Unlike Figure 2, Figure 3 shows the variation of the time of the voltage Vc3 through the third capacitor C3 in the interval of the frequency of the source of the voltage, that is, a period T of the voltage source is shown, wherein the voltage variation shown in Figure 2C is shown in Figure 3B as vertical dots. All the curves shown in Figures 2 and 3 are related to one and the same load connected to the distribution.

The function of the distribution illustrated in Figure 1 will now be described with reference to Figures 2 and 3.

The first and the second capacitor Cl and C2 shown in Figure 1 have both the same capacitance and are much larger than the capacitor C3; the capacitance of this last capacitor is approximately one thousand times smaller than the first and the second capacitor, for example. Assuming that the distribution works in a stationary fashion; in other words, that the first and second capacitors Cl and C2 have each been loaded in approximately one half of the maximum voltage of the source; the distribution will operate in accordance with the following sequential steps mutually: a) When the absolute value of the voltage source | vin | (in = input) is greater than half of the 0 1/2 of the maximum voltage of the source and the switch means SW1 is turned off, the source will send the current to the distribution. The third capacitor C3 and possibly the first and second capacitors Cl and C2 are loaded in the present with the energy directly from the source and also with the energy that was previously stored in the first inductor means Ll. When the absolute value of the voltage source (Vin) is high enough that when added to the voltage across the inductor means Ll, the combined voltage will be greater than the voltage across the first and second capacitors Cl and C2 , the third capacitor C3 will be charged at this voltage level and the first diode D3 is also made conductive so as to change the first and second capacitors Cl and C2, as shown in the three higher voltage curves in Figure 2C. When the absolute value of the input voltage (Vin) is located between half of the 0 1/2 of the maximum input voltage and 0 of the maximum input voltage; the first and second capacitors Cl and C2 will disengage and only the third capacitor C3 will be charged, as shown in the following curve of the lower voltage in Figure 2C. a2) When the switch medium S1 is turned on later, the transformer TRl emanates current that initially arrives from the source through the first inductor means Ll and the third capacitor C3. The voltage Vc3 through the third capacitor C3 is lowered therein. If the voltage Vc3 is kept high enough, that is, it can not fall to half the 0 1/2 of the maximum input voltage, the energy is sent to the TRl transformer, and thus also to the converter, only by means of the source through the inductor means Ll and the third capacitor C3, as indicated by the two higher voltage curves in Figure 2C. b) On the other hand, if the voltage Vv3 drops to approximately half of the 0 1/2 of the maximum voltage source before the state of the switch means SW1 is changed again, shown in the second and third curve in Figure 2C; the second and third diodes D2 and D4 will become conductive and the first and second capacitors Cl and C2 will also send current to the transformer TR1.

The amount of current required by the transformer will depend on the size of the charge through the fourth capacitor C4 and the rate at which the voltage across the third capacitor C3 drops will vary therein. A voltage corresponding to the difference between the absolute value of the voltage source | Vin | and the voltage across the third capacitor Vc3 is applied through the first inductor means Ll. The maximum value of this voltage is half the 0 1/2 of the maximum source voltage. As a result, the energy is stored in the first inductor means Ll and this energy, or at least a part thereof, is used later to change capacitors Cl, C2 and C3. This energy will vary in accordance with the voltage across the third capacitor through the third capacitor C3, ie, the voltage across the input of the converter and will decrease the higher voltage Vc3 through the capacitor C3 when the controlled switch means SW1 goes off; the voltage Vc3 is of course dependent on the amount of current drawn from the third capacitor C3. This avoids the voltage level at which the three capacitors Cl, C2 and C3 are changed from the overvoltage.

When the instantaneous absolute value of the input voltage IVin | is less than half of the 0 1/2 of the maximum input voltage, no energy is sent from the source, as will be evident from Figures 3A and 3B. The second and third diodes D2 and D4 will then be conducted constantly and the first and second capacitors Cl and C2 are mutually connected in parallel during this entire switching period. When the controllable switch means SW1 is turned on, the transformer TRl will send power from the third capacitor C3 and primarily in parallel from the first and second capacitors Cl and C2. The voltage across the third capacitor C3 is thus maintained for about half of the 1/2 of the maximum input voltage, as is evident from Figure 3B and from the lower curve in Figure 2C.

As will be seen in Figure 3A, the appearance of the input current well satisfies the requirements of conformance with the IEC 1000-3-2 standard.

As previously mentioned, Figure 3B illustrates the voltage levels that correspond to those shown in Figure 2B, albeit in the frequency interval of the source. As will be evident from this Figure, the voltage Vc3 through the third capacitor C3 is constant essentially at half the 0 1/2 of the maximum input voltage when the input voltage is less than this lower value, initially with half from 0 1/2 of 1 maximum input voltage to a higher value that varies relatively slowly between half the 0 1/2 of the maximum source voltage and a voltage that is slightly greater than 0 of the maximum input voltage. The reason why voltage levels that are higher than 0 of the maximum input voltage can be obtained is because the inductor means Ll pumps the voltage to a level above this level. The voltage Vc3 changes relatively rapidly between these different values, as indicated by the vertical stripes. The lowest voltage level has a projection in the middle of each half of the T / 2 period, that is, the voltage level rises to a value higher than half the maximum input voltage. The appearance or appearance of this projection depends on the size of the third capacitor C3. The larger projections are obtained with values higher than C3, while a smaller projection is obtained with smaller values. The third capacitor C3 may be omitted in certain cases. No salient could be obtained later, and on the contrary, the voltage would immediately fall to half the 0 1/2 of the maximum input voltage. Appearances or aspects of the corresponding curves in Figure 2C would also be different. The voltage corresponding to the voltage Vc3 would almost immediately fall to half the maximum input voltage when the switch means S 1 was turned on.

In a conceivable variation of the inventive distribution, the first and second capacitors are not mutually the same size but have different capacitances. In this mode, one capacitor will start driving before the other, due to the fact that different voltages are applied to the capacitors. This would correspond to an additional step cl) between steps b) and d) in the method described above. This step cl) would then be such that when the voltage across the third capacitor drops to a higher intermediate voltage applied through, for example, the first capacitor, the first capacitor would start conducting in parallel with the third capacitor until the voltage through the first capacitor (and through the third capacitor) falls to a voltage level applied through the second capacitor as a result of the first capacitor becoming conductive, from where the first, second and third capacitors supply the load in parallel.

Another variant is one in which the valley sediment circuit includes several capacitors that are charged in series and discharged in parallel. For example, a valley sediment circuit in which all three capacitors are charged in series and discharged in parallel is obtained when a first additional diode is connected between the second capacitor C2 and the second terminal of the valley sediment circuit connection 10 in series with an additional capacitor and when a second and a third additional diode are connected from the first and second connection terminals respectively of the valley sediment circuit 10 to the interconnection joint between the first additional diode and the additional capacitor and the interconnection joint between the second capacitor C2 and the first additional diode respectively.

Naturally, a valley sediment circuit that includes still more capacitors can be obtained in a similar manner. However, when using three capacitors of the same size mutually, or having mutually the same capacitances, a distribution is obtained in which the voltage across the third capacitor C3 varies between the maximum voltage of the source and a third of the maximum voltage of the same, whereas when the four capacitors are used a voltage is obtained that varies between the maximum voltage of the source and a quarter of said maximum voltage, and so on.

Naturally, three or more different capacitance capacitors mutually can be combined in the valley sediment circuit.

In addition, an additional filtration capacitor can be cast on top of the two output terminals of the rectifier bridge in order to prevent the ripple voltage from reaching the source.

A further embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in Figure 4. The distribution is intended to be used in both European and American electricity supply networks and essentially sends the same current to the TRl transformer in both instances. As for the embodiment of Figure 1, this distribution includes a rectifier bridge T1 to an output terminal from which a first connection end is connected over a valley sediment circuit 12 via a first inductor means L2. Similar to the sediment circuit 10 in Figure 1, the valley sediment circuit 12 includes two capacitors C5 and Cß and three diodes D7, Dß and D8 corresponding respectively to the first and second capacitors Cl and C2 and to the first, second and third diodes D3, D2 and D. The first connection terminal of a second valley sediment circuit 14 is connected to the second connection terminal of the first valley sediment circuit 12, wherein the second valley sediment circuit 14 is similar to the first valley sediment circuit. 12 and includes two capacitors C7 and C8 and three diodes DIO, D9 and Dll corresponding respectively to the first and second capacitors Cl and C2 and to the first, second and third diodes D3, D2 and D4. A second connection terminal on the second valley sediment circuit 14 is connected to the second output terminal of the rectifier bridge DI via a second inductor means L3. The two inductor means L2 and L3 can be excited on the same core. A third capacitor C3, which is much smaller than the capacitors included in the valley sediment circuits 12, 14 is connected between the first connection terminal on the first valley sediment circuit 12 and the second connection terminal on the second valley sediment circuit 14. A circuit including a primary sinuosity of a transformer TR1 and a controlled switch means S1 is coupled in parallel with the third capacitor C3. Similar to the transformer in Figure 1, the transformer TRl includes a converter of the fast reverse type which also includes a diode D5 and a capacitor C4. A second switch means SW2 is also connected between an input terminal on the rectifier bridge DI and the interconnection joint between the first and the second valley sediment circuit 12 and 14 respectively.

The function of the distribution shown in Figure 4 will now be described. The second switch means S 2 is a manually operated switch that can be changed in position or state, when the distribution should be connected to a voltage source that was not previously established. When the distribution is connected to the European electricity supply network, the second switch means SW2 is turned off, while the switch means is turned on when it is connected to the American electricity supply network.

The distribution works in the same manner as the distribution described with reference to Figure 1, when the second switch means SW2 is turned off, wherein the first and second valley sediment circuits 12 and 14 operate as a single circuit of sediment from Valley. All capacitors included in the valley sediment circuits are charged in series, although when the capacitors discharge the capacitors C8 and C7 in the second valley sediment circuit 14 they are discharged in parallel with each other, but in series with the capacitors C5 and Cß in the first valley sediment circuit 12; however, these latter capacitors are downloaded in parallel with each other. This can be seen as if each capacitor in the first valley sediment circuit forms a series circuit capacitates together with the corresponding capacitor in the second valley sediment circuit, where these series capacitava circuits are discharged in parallel with one and in the same way as the capacitors in Figure 1. When this view is applied to the first described modality, it can be said that the first modality included several circuits of capacitive series, but that each capacitive series circuit includes only one capacitor. when the second means of switch SW2 is turned on, the distribution operates in a slightly different way. For example, the first valley sediment circuit 12 is active during the first half of the period and the second valley sediment circuit 14 is active during the second half of the negative period of the source period. If it is the first sediment circuit 12 that is active in a stationary fashion, the second valley sediment circuit 14 constantly sends a voltage that is half the maximum input voltage. Each of the capacitors in the first valley sediment circuit 12 is charged with a voltage equal to half the maximum input voltage and when the input voltage reaches essentially the maximum value, these capacitors are charged and discharged when the input is half the maximum input voltage. Then a voltage varying in the same way as described with reference to Figures 2 and 3 is applied through the third capacitor C3, although the relationship with the input voltage is different. The voltage varies between the highest level of voltage corresponding to approximately 1.5 times the maximum value of the input voltage or a voltage which is approximately equal to the maximum value of the input voltage. When the input voltage is above half the maximum input value, the distribution works in accordance with the following sequence: a) When the first means of switch SWl is turned off, third capacitor C3 and possibly capacitors C5 and Cß in the first valley sediment circuit 12 are charged or charged from the medium network through the two media inductors L2 and L3. bl) When the first means of the switch 5 1 is turned on later, the current is supplied to the transformer TRl by the third capacitor C3 and via the source, via the inductors L2 and L3. di) When the voltage across the third capacitor C3 drops to a voltage that is approximately similar to the voltage across the capacitors in the first valley sediment circuit 12 plus the voltage across the capacitors in the second sediment circuit of valley 14, the converter is supplied from the main line network, via the two inductor means L2 and L3, and also from the third capacitor C3 and from all the capacitors in the two valley sediment circuits 10 and 12 in the manner described with reference to this distribution in relation to the discharge of the capacitors in the two valley sediment circuits when the second means of switch SW2 is turned off.

When the input voltage is less than half the maximum input voltage but greater than zero volts, the TRl transformer is supplied with current primarily from the capacitors in the two valley sediment circuits 12, 14.

When the input voltage is below 0 V and below half the minimum input voltage, the distribution operates in accordance with the following sequence: a2) When the first half of switch SW1 goes off, the third capacitor C3 and possibly the capacitors C7 and C8 in the second valley sediment circuit 14 are charged or charged from the main line network through the two inductor means L2 and L3, b2) when the first means of the switch SW1 is then turned on, the transformer TR1 is supplied with the current by the third capacitor C3 and the source via the inductor means L2 and L3, and d2) When the voltage across the third capacitor C3 falls to a voltage that is approximately equal to the voltage across the capacitors in the first valley sediment circuit 12, plus the voltage across the capacitors in the second sediment circuit of valley 14, the converter is supplied from the main line network, via the two inductors L2 and L3, from the third capacitor C3 and from the capacitors in the first and second valley sediment circuits 10 and 12 in the mere described for this distribution with reference the discharge of the capacitors in the two valley sediment circuits when the second switch means SW2 is turned off.

When the input voltage is less than 0 V and less than half the minimum input voltage, the TRl transformer is supplied with the current, mainly by means of the capacitors in the two valley sediment circuits 12, 14.

The distribution illustrated in Figure 4, of course, can be modified in the same way as mentioned with reference to the distribution of Figure 1. However, if this modality uses HF wave filtration capacitors, the two capacitors are connected in series through the output terminals of the rectifier bridge DI, where the interconnection junction between these two capacitors is connected to the same input terminal on the rectifier bridge DI as to which the second means of the switch SW2 is connected. In addition, more than two valley sediment circuits can be connected between the output terminals of the bridge rectifier. It will be understood that the invention is not restricted to the use of converters of the fast reverse type, and that other types of converters may alternatively be used, such as push-pull converters or direct converters.

A further variant of the distribution. Of Figure 4 is one in which the second means of the switch SW2 and the leg of the rectifier bridge connected thereto are excluded, so that the interconnecting connection between the two valley sediment circuits They are connected directly to a pole above the ac voltage source It should be understood that this last distribution is not restricted to the American electricity supply network.

Claims (21)

CLAIMS "

1. A distribution for the power supply from a voltage source a.c. which comprises a rectifier bridge (DI) and a converter (TR1, D5, C4), wherein a first inductor means (Ll, L2) is connected between a first termination of output on the rectifier bridge and a first connection terminal on a first sediment circuit of valley (10; 12) or a corresponding charge or discharge circuit that includes at least two capacitors (Cl, C2; C5, Cß) adapted to be charged in series and discharged in parallel when the voltages through the capacitors are mutually the same , wherein the converter includes a transformer (TR1) having a primary sinuosity, characterized in that the primary sinuosity is coupled to the circuit extending from a second output terminal on the rectifier bridge (DI) to the interconnection junction between the inducing medium (Ll; L2) and the valley sediment circuit (10; 12); wherein the circuit also includes a controllable switch means (SW1).

2. A distribution according to Claim 1, characterized by a third capacitor (C3) connected in parallel with the circuit.

3. A distribution according to any of the preceding Claims, characterized in that a second inductor means (13) is connected between the second output terminal of the rectifier bridge (DI) and the circuit; wherein at least a second valley sediment circuit (14) is connected between a second connection terminal on the first valley sediment circuit (12) and the interconnection joint between the circuit and the second inducer means; and wherein an additional means of the switch (SW2) is connected between an input terminal on the rectifier bridge and the interconnection joint between the two valley sediment circuits.

4. A distribution according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a valley sediment circuit (10; 12, 1) includes a series circuit that extends between two connection terminals on the valley sediment circuit and which includes at least a first and a second capacitor (Cl, C2; C5, Cβ, C7, C8), wherein the valley sediment circuit also includes at least one second diode (D2; Dβ; D9) which is connected between the first connection terminal and the interconnection connection between the first diode and the second capacitor, and a third diode (D4; D8; Dll) that is connected between a second connection terminal and the interconnection connection between the first capacitor and the first diode.

5. A distribution according to Claim 4, characterized in that the series circuit includes an additional capacitor that is connected to the second capacitor via a first additional diode; and in which a second additional diode is connected between the first connection terminal and the interconnection connection between the first additional diode and the additional capacitor.

6. A method of supplying power from a voltage source a.c. to a primary sinuosity of a transformer (TRl) in a converter (TRl, D5, C4) when the absolute value of the source voltage is greater than or approximately equal to the intermediate voltage higher than when the source voltage has a period positive means, includes the voltage through at least one first capacitor (Cl; C5) in a first capacitive series circuit, wherein the first capacitor is also included in a first valley sediment circuit (10, 12) or the corresponding loading and unloading circuit; wherein the first valley sediment circuit includes at least two capacitors (Cl, C2; C5, Cß), and each capacitor is included in a corresponding capacitive series circuit and wherein the method includes the step of: a) supplying energy from the source of at least one inducing medium (Ll; L2, L3) and possibly in series at least the capacitors in the first valley sediment circuit (Cl, C2, C5, Cß) during the middle of the positive period, characterized by the additional step d) in which the the same half of the positive period, the energy is supplied to the primary sinuosity from the source via the inductor means (Ll; L2, L3) and depending on the voltage (Vc3) through the primary sinuosity of the transformer (TRI) in parallel from all Capacitive series circuits in which the highest intermediate voltage is obtained, so that the amount of the source energy supplied depends on the voltage (Vc3) through the primary sinuosity of the transformer (TRl).

7. A method according to Claim 6, characterized in that step a) includes the supply of power to the capacitors when the sum of the voltages through the capacitors is greater than the source voltage added to the voltage across the medium inductor.

8. A method according to Claim 5 or 7, characterized in that step b) includes the power supply to the primary sinuosity from a capacitve series circuit where the highest intermediate voltage is obtained when the voltage across the the primary sinuosity (Vc3) is essentially equal to the voltage across this capacitive series circuit.

9. A method according to any of Claims 6-8 characterized in that each capacitive series circuit includes only one capacitor, wherein the method includes the additional step cl) in which, if during the first half of the positive period only the first capacitance series circuit has the highest intermediate voltage through it, then the energy is supplied to the primary sinuosity from the source via the inductor means (Ll; L2, L3) and from the first capacitive series circuit (Cl ) until the voltage through the first capacitor has dropped to the voltage level corresponding to the voltage level through at least one additional capacitive series circuit, this voltage level is then the highest intermediate new voltage.

10. A method according to any of the claims β-9, characterized in that step a) also includes the supply of energy to a third capacitor (C3) that is not included in any valley sediment circuit, wherein the method includes the additional step b) in which when the voltage across the third capacitor during the middle of the positive period is higher than the higher intermediate voltage, then the energy is supplied to the primary sinuosity from the third capacitor and from the source via the inductor means until the voltage through the third capacitor has dropped to the highest intermediate voltage, where the step or steps in which the power is supplied from a capacitive series circuit or from more than one series circuit Capacitive during the middle of the positive period also includes / includes simultaneous parallel power supply from the third capacitor.

11. A method according to any of claims β-8, characterized in that each capacitive series circuit also includes a capacitor from a second valley sediment circuit (14), wherein the second valley sediment circuit includes when minus two trainers (C7; C8); and in which the highest intermediate voltage is formed from the voltage through the first capacitor (C5) added to the voltage through a second capacitor (C7), wherein step aT) includes the supply of current in series to the capacitors in the first and second valley sediment circuit (12, 14).

12. A method according to claim 11, characterized in that the additional step cl) in which during the first positive half of the period only the first capacitive series circuit (C5, C7) has the highest intermediate voltage across the same, then the energy is supplied to the primary sinuosity from the source via the inductor means (Ll, L3) and from the first capacitive series circuit until the voltage across the first capacitive series circuit has dropped to the voltage level at which corresponds the voltage level through one of the additional capacitive series circuits, where this voltage level then becomes the new higher intermediate voltage.

13. A method according to any of Claims 11 or 12, characterized in that step a) also includes the supply of energy to a third capacitor (C3) that is not included in any of the valley sediment circuits.; and in that the method includes the additional step b) in which when the voltage across the third capacitor during the middle of the positive period is greater than the higher intermediate voltage, then the energy is supplied to the primary sinuosity from the third capacitor and from the source via the inductor means until the voltage across the third capacitor has dropped to the highest intermediate voltage and where the step or steps in which the power is supplied from the capacitive series circuits include / include supply Simultaneous parallel energy from the third capacitor.

14. A method according to any of Claims 6-13, characterized in that during a second half of the negative voltage period of the source, the highest intermediate voltage is determined through the same capacitor or capacitors as the capacitors or the capacitors. trainers during the middle of the positive period and all the steps are carried out mutually in the same way during the middle of the negative period and during the middle of the positive period.

15. A method according to any of Claims 6-8, characterized in that the highest intermediate voltage during the half of the positive period is composed of the voltage through the first capacitor (C5); and wherein each capacitive series circuit includes a capacitor from the first valley sediment circuit (12) and a capacitor from a second valley sediment circuit (14); and in that when the source voltage has a negative period half, the highest intermediate voltage is composed of the voltage across at least one second capacitor (C7) in the second valley sediment circuit (14) which includes when minus two trainers (C7, C8) where the second capacitor is included in the first capacitive series circuit; and in that the method includes during the middle of the negative period the passage of a2) supply of source energy to at least one inducing means (L2, L3) and possibly in series towards the capacitors in the second valley sediment circuit, and d2) then the supply of energy towards the primary sinuosity from the source via the inductor means (L2, L3) and in dependence of the voltage (Vc3) through the primary sinuosity of the transformer (TRl) in parallel from all series circuits capacitive in which the highest intermediate voltage is obtained, so that the amount of energy supplied from the source is dependent on the voltage (Vc3) through the primary sinuosity of the transformer (TRl).

16. A method according to claim 15, characterized in that step a2) includes the supply of energy to the capacitors (C7, C8) in the second valley sediment circuit (14) when the absolute value of the sum of the voltages through these capacitors is greater than the absolute value of the voltage of the source added to the voltage through the inductor means.

17. A method according to Claim 15 or 16, characterized in that step b2) includes the power supply to the primary sinuosity from a capacitive series circuit in which the highest intermediate voltage is obtained when the voltage across The primary sinuosity (Vc3) is essentially equal to the voltage across this capacitive series circuit.

18. A method according to any of Claims 15-17, characterized by the additional step c2) in which when only a second capacitor (C7) has the highest intermediate voltage therethrough during the middle of the negative period, the energy is supplied to the primary sinuosity from the source via the inductor means (Ll; L2, 3) and from the first capacitive capacitor circuit until the voltage across the second capacitor has dropped to the voltage level at which it corresponds at least another of the trainers in the second valley sediment circuit (14); this voltage level then becomes the new higher intermediate voltage.

19. The method of compliance csn any of Claims 15-18, characterized in that step a2) also includes the supply of energy to a third capacitor (C3) that is not included in any valley sediment circuit; and includes the additional step b2) in which when the voltage across the third capacitor during the middle of the negative period is greater than the voltage across the entire first capacitive circuit, the energy is supplied to the primary sinuosity from the third capacitor and from the source via the inductor means until the voltage across the third capacitadsr has dropped to the voltage level through the first capacitive series circuit, where the step or steps in which the power is supplied from one or more circuits in capacitive series during the middle of the negative period include 7 include simultaneous parallel power supply from the third capacitor.

20. A distribution for the power supply from a voltage source a.c. and that includes a bridge rectifier and a converter; wherein a first inductor means is connected between a first output terminal on the rectifier bridge and a first connection terminal on a first valley sediment circuit that includes at least two capacitors that are adapted to be charged in series and discharged in parallel; wherein the converter includes a transformer having a primary sinuosity connected in a circuit extending from a second output terminal on the rectifier bridge to the interconnection junction between the inductor means and the valley sediment circuit, and wherein the circuit also includes a controllable switch means.

21. A method of supplying power from a voltage source a.c. towards a primary sinuosity of a transformer in a converter when the absolute value of the source voltage is greater than or approximately equal to the highest intermediate voltage, which when the source voltage has a positive period half, includes the voltage at through at least one first capacitor in a first capacitive series circuit, wherein the first capacitor is also included in a first sediment circuit, wherein the first valley sediment circuit includes at least two capacitors and wherein each capacitor is includes in a corresponding capacitive series circuit; The method comprises the steps of: al) the supply of energy from the source to at least one inductor means, and possibly in series, to at least the capacitors in the first valley sediment circuit during the middle of the positive period, and; d) the supply of energy towards the primary sinuosity during the same half of the positive period from the source via the inductor and in parallel from all capacitated series circuits having the highest intermediate voltage in dependence on the voltage across the primary sinuosity of the transformer, so that the quantity of the source energy supplied depends on the voltage through the primary sinuosity of the transformer.