MXPA97010294A - Lamina amorfa transparente stabilizado of ultraviolet light of a crystallized thermoplastic - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a transparent amorphous sheet having a thickness in the scale of 1 to 20 mm containing, as a main constituent, a crystallizable thermoplastic, and containing at least one UV light stabilizer, as well as a process for the production of the sheet, and the use of the

Description

AMORFA TRANSPARENT LAMINA STABILIZED WITH ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT OF A CRYSTALLIZABLE THERMOPLASTIC.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a UV-stabilized transparent amorphous sheet of a thermoplast co-polymerizable whose thickness is in the range from 1 to 20 nm. The sheet has at least a UV light stabilizer and is distinguished by its very good mechanical and optic properties. The invention also relates to a process for the production of this sheet, and to the use of the sheet.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The transparent amorphous sheets having a thickness of between l and 20 nm are known. These bi-directional structures comprise non-optable, amorphous tennoplastics. Typical examples of these thermoplastics that are converted into sheets are, for example, polyvinyl chloride (PV), polycarbonate (P) and polyne-urea rnetaccharide (Pr R). These serrated products are produced in the so-called extrusion lines (see Polymer Uerh-stoffe, Volume TI, Technologie, Geo g Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1984). The powdered or granular starting material is melted in an extruder. After extrusion, the amorphous thermoset can be reshaped by polishing piles or other forming dies due to its viscosity which increases continuously with the decrease in temperature. After < , -, conformation, the amorphous terrnoplastics - have an adequate stability, that is, a high viscosity to sustain themselves in the calibration die. However, they are still soft enough to be shaped by the die. The melt viscosity and inherent rigidity of amorphous terrnoplastics are so high in the calibration die that the semi-finished product does not collapse before being cooled in the calibration die. In the case of materials that decompose easily, PVC for example, special processing aids are needed, for example stabilizers of treatment against decomposition and lubricants against excessive internal friction and therefore uncontrollable heating during extrusion. External lubricants are necessary to prevent the material from adhering to the walls and rollers. The treatment of PMMfl is carried out using, for example, a ventilated extruder to allow the removal of moisture. The production of transparent sheets from amorphous thermoplastics sometimes requires expensive additives, which can migrate and can cause production problems due to evaporations and surface coatings on the finished product. PVC sheets can be recirculated only with difficulty or using special processes of neutralization or electrification. As such, PC and PriMR sheets can only be recycled with difficulty and only with loss or extreme deterioration of their mechanical properties. In addition to these disadvantages, the PMMA sheets also have extremely low impact strengths and are splintered by fracture or mechanical loading. In addition, the PMMA sheets are easily combustible, which means that they can not be used, for example, for interior applications and in exhibitions. The sheets of PMMA and PC, in addition, can not be conformed when they are cold; the sheets of PMMA disintegrate to form dangerous splinters, as the sheets of PVC undergo capillary cracking and stress whitening. DE-A-3 531 878 discloses plastic films made of thermoplastic polyesters and contain a UV stabilizer and have a thickness of 0.5 - 0.03 mrn. These films are obtained by means of extrusion blow molding and are thus partially crystalline. Consequently, the method described in this specification can not give an amorphous film having a thickness of 1 nm or more. In JP-fl-5 320 528 a thermoplastic ream composition containing a polyester-epoxy is disclosed. T) e conformity with a pretended modality, this composition contains PVC as the main constituent. The sheets obtained from it by mixing are transparent and have a thickness of 1 nm. In EP-fi-G 471 528 a method is described for forming an article from a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) sheet. The PET sheet is heat treated on both sides in the thermal film forming pattern on a temperature scale between the glass transition temperature and the melting point. The shaped PET sheet is removed from the mold when the degree of crystallization of the shaped PET sheet is in the region of 25 to 50%. The PET sheets described in EP-A-0 471 528 have a thickness of 1 to 10 nm. Since the ermoformed molding produced from the PET la is essentially crystalline and thus is no longer transparent and the surface properties of the modeling are determined by the thermoforming process and the mold, it is not important that optical properties (for example luster, opacity and light transmission) have the sheets used of PET. In general, the optical properties of these films are deficient and require optimization. Furthermore, these sheets do not contain UV light stabilizers, so that neither the sheets nor the moldings produced thereof are suitable for external applications. If they are used externally, these sheets or moldings exhibit, after a short time, yellowing and deterioration in the mechanical properties as a consequence of their degradation. US-A-3, 49fi, 143 describes the vacuum thermoforming of a 3-millimeter thick PET film whose degree of crystallization is said to be in the range of 5 to 25%. (jin ernbargo, the thermoformed molding therm is greater than 25%.) Again, no requirements are made with respect to the optical properties of these PET sheets, since the thickness of the sheets used already between 5 and 25%, these sheets are opaque and not transparent, again, these sheets do not contain light stabilizer and consequently are unsuitable for external applications.The procedures known up to now do not allow the production of amorphous sheets of adequate quality that contain thermoplastic cp stalizable as main constituent in a thickness of 1 rnrn or greater The object of the present invention is to provide a transparent amorphous sheet having a thickness of 1 to 20 rnrn which, in addition to the good mechanical and optical properties, it also has a particularly high stability against UV light, high stability against UV light means that the sheets experience extremely low damage, or none, due to in the light of the sun or other UV radiation, so that the sheets are suitable for applications in exterior doors and / or critical applications in interior doors. In particular, after several years of use on the outside, the sheets do not suffer yellowing or exhibit brittleness, surface cracking or deterioration of mechanical properties. Good optical properties include, for example, high light transmission, high surface luster, extremely low opacity and high clarity. Good mechanical properties include, among other things, high impact resistance and high breaking strength. Furthermore, the novel sheet must be recirculated, in particular without losing its mechanical properties, and have low combustibility, so that it can be used, for example, in applications for interior doors and in exhibitions. This object is achieved by an amorphous transparent sheet having a thickness in the scale from 1 to 20 nm containing, as a main constituent, a cpstalizable terrnoplastic.; the sheet contains at least one UV light stabilizer. The transparent amorphous sheet contains, as a main constituent, a plasticizable plastic. Customizable or partially crystalline ter oplastics are, for example, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, cycloolefin polymers and cycloolefin copolymers, with polytetraine terephthalate being particularly preferred. For the purposes of the invention, the term crystallizable tertnoplastically means. - homopolymers to the lizables - crystallizable copolymers - crystallizable compounds - recyclable crystalline material, and - other variations of thermostable plastics. For the purposes of the present invention, the term "amorphous sheet" means a sheet that is not crystalline, although the preferably used crystalline film material has a temperature of 5% to 65%, preferably 25 to 65%. Non-crystalline or amorphous means that the degree of crystallinity in general is less than 5%, preferably less than 2%, and particularly 0% is preferred. The novel amorphous sheet is essentially non-oriented. The amorphous translucent sheet also contains at least one UV light stabilizer, of which the concentration is preferably 0.01 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of the crystallizable terrnoplastic. Light, in particular the ultraviolet part of sunlight, that is, that which has a wavelength on the scale of 280 to 400 nrn, initiates degradation processes in thermoplastic, causing not only a change in visual appearance or a consequence of color change or yellowing, but also adversely affects the mechanical and physical properties. The inhibition of these photo-active degradation processes is of considerable industrial and economic importance, since otherwise the possible uses of many thermoplastics are drastically limited. For example, polyethylene terephthalates begin to absorb UV light even below 360 nm, and their absorption increases considerably below 320 nrn and is very pronounced below 300 nrn. The maximum absorption is between 280 and 300 nrn. In the presence of oxygen, it is mainly observed chain breaking but not entanglement. Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and carboxy acids are the predominant photooxidation products in terms of quantity. In addition to the direct photolysis of the ester groups, oxidation reactions that also cause the formation of carbon dioxide by free radicals of per-oxide must also be taken into consideration. The photooxidation of filled polyethylene terephthalates can also lead, by hydrogen cleavage in the alpha position of the ester groups, to hydroperoxides and decomposition products thereof, and to associated chain disruption (H. Day, DM Uiles: 3. Appl. Polyn. Sci. 16, 1972, page 203). UV stabilizers and UV absorbers as light stabilizers are chemical compounds that can intervene in the physical and chemical processes of light-induced degradation. Carbon black and other pigments can provide partial protection from light. However, these substances are unsuitable for transparent films, since they lead to discoloration or a change in color. Only organic and organometallic compounds which only impart to the thermoplastic by stabilizing a color * or a color change, which are weak or none at all, are suitable for the transparent, amorphous films. Examples of suitable UV light stabilizers are 2-h? Droxibenzophenones, 2-hydroxybenzotnazoles, organomotile compounds, salicylic esters, cinnamic acid ester derivatives, resorcinol rnonobenzoates, oxanilic esters, hydroxybenzoic esters, amines and triazam es hindered by this, preserving 2-hydroxybenzotpazoles and triazines. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the novel translucent amorphous sheet contains, as main constituents, a terephthalate of crystallizable ethylene glass and from 0.01% to 5.0% by weight of 2- (4,6-d? phen? ll, 3, 5-tr? -2- il) - 5- (hex iDoxyphenol (structure in Figure la) or from 0.01 to 5.0% by weight of 2, 2'-rnet ien-b? S (6- (2H-benzotpazol-2? ) -4- (1, 1,3, 3-tetraphenylbutyl) phenol (structure in Figure Ib) In a preferred embodiment, it is also possible to use mixtures of these two UV stabilizers or mixtures of at least one of these two UV stabilizers with other UV stabilizers, with a total concentration of light stabilizers prp from 0. 01 to 5.0% by weight, based on the weight of polyethylene terephthalate filled with stabilized polystyrene. measured in accordance with DIN 67530 (measurement angle 20 °), is greater than 120, preferably greater than 140, light transmission, measured in accordance with ASTM D 1003, is greater than 84%, preferably greater than 86 %, and the opacity of the sheet, measured in accordance with ASTM D 1003, is less than 15%, preferably less than 11%. The clarity of the sheet measured at an angle of less than 2.5 ° (ASTM D 1003) is preferably greater than 96%, particularly preferably greater than 97%. In the case of polyethylene terephthalate, preferably no fracture occurs in the measurement of the Charpy impact resistance, an (measured in accordance with ISO 179 / 1D) of the sheet. In addition, the impact resistance with Izod notch, a? (measure in accordance with ISO 180 / 1A) of the sheet is in the range from 2.0 to 8.0 kJ m2, preferably from 3.0 to 8.0 kJ / rn2, preferably from 4.0 to 6.0-1.3 / rn2. The full-poly terephthalate polymers having a melting point of Tf glass, measured by DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) at a heating rate of 10 ° C / nm, from 220 ° C to 280 ° C, preferably from 250 ° C to 270 ° C, a crystallization temperature scale Tc of between 75 ° C and 280 ° C, preferably from 75 ° C to 260 ° C, a glass transition temperature Tv of 6 ° C to 90 ° C, and a density, measured in accordance with DIN 53479, of 1.30 to 1.45 g / cm3 and one in a stanity of between 5% and 65%, preferably from 25% to 65%, are the preferred polymers as paired materials for the production of the novel laminate. The normal viscosity VN (DCA) of polyethylene terephthalate, measured in di chloroacetic acid according to DIN 53728, is 800 to 1,800, preferably 950 to 1,250, preferably in particular 1000 to 1200. The intrinsic viscosity VI (DCA) it is calculated as follows from the normal viscosity VN (DCA): VI (DCA) = 6.67 x 10- * VN (DCA) + 0.118 The overall density, measured in accordance with DIN 53466, is preferably 0.75 to 1.0 kg / drn3, and particularly preferably 0.80 to 0.90 kg / dm3. The M / Mn polydispersity of polyethylene terephthalate, measured by means of gel permeation chromatography, is preferably from 1.5 to 6.0, and from 2.0 to 3.5 is particularly preferred. The internperization tests have shown that the novel laminates stabilized against UV light do not exhibit yellowing, brittleness, or loss of luster on the surface, or cracking on the surface, nor deterioration of the mechanical properties even after being used in the outside for five to seven years. In addition to its excellent stability against UV light, a good rormability in trio without fracture, without capillary cracks and stress whitening was observed in a completely unexpected way, which means that the novel lamina can be shaped and bent without the action of heat . In addition, the measurements showed that the novel PET sheet has low combustibility and low flarnability, which is suitable, for example, for interior applications and exhibitions. The novel laminate, moreover, can easily be recirculated without environmental contamination and without loss in mechanical properties, which means that it is suitable for use, for example, as a bulletin board of short duration or other advertising articles. The UV stabilized transparent amorphous sheet can be produced, for example, by extrusion in an extrusion line. An extrusion line of this type is shown in diagram form in Figure 2. It essentially comprises: - an extruder (1) as a plasticizing unit, - a sheet die (2) as a forming tool - a calender / polishing stack (3) co or calibration die, - a cooling bed (4) and / or a roller conveyor (5) for subsequent cooling, - a separation roller (6), - a separation saw (7), - an edge trimming device (9) and, if necessary, - a stacking unit (8). The process for the production of the novel sheet is described in more detail below using the example of polyethylene terephthalate as a thermoplastic. The process comprises drying the curable cp thermoplastic (e.g., polyethylene terephthalate) and, if appropriate, then melting the dried polymer in the extruder, preferably together with the UV stabilizer, extruding the molten material through the extruder. of a die, calibrate, smooth and cool The sheet in the polishing pile, and then cut the sheet to its size. It is essential in the novel process that the first roller of the polishing stack has a temperature in the range of 50 to 80 ° C, since from another source it is difficult to obtain a transparent amorphous sheet containing a thermostable plastisable in a thickness- of 1 rnm or greater. According to the invention, it is possible that the light stabilizer has been added by the producer of the thermoplastic raw material, or it is also possible to dose it in the extruder during the production of the sheet. It is particularly preferred that the light stabilizer is added by master batch technology, in which the light stabilizer is completely dispersed in a solid carrier material. Suitable vehicle materials are certain resins, the thermoplastic by < -,? same, such as for example polyethylene terephthalate, or alternatively other polymers that are sufficiently compatible with the thermoplastic. It is important that the particle size and overall density of the master batch are similar to the particle size and overall density of the plot, so that a homogeneous distribution can occur and thus homogeneous stabilization against UV. The polyethylene terephthalate is preferably dried at 160 to 180 ° C dur-ante 4 to 6 hours before extrusion. The polyethylene terephthalate is then melted in the extruder. The melting temperature of PET is preferably in the range of 250 to 320 ° C, it being then possible to adjust the melting temperature essentially both by the temperature of the extruder and by the residence time of the molten material in the extruder. Then, the molten material to the extruder- through a die. This die is preferably a roll die. The PET melted by the extruder and formed by means of a sheet die is calibrated, that is, cooled and polished intensively by means of calender rollers. The calender rolls can be arranged, for example, in an I- form, F-, L- or S ~ (see Figure 3).

The PET material can then be cooled on a roller conveyor, cut to size in breadth, cut to the appropriate lengths and finally stacked. The thickness of the PET sheet is essentially determined by the separation unit, which is disposed at the end of the cooling zone, by the cooling rollers (smoothing) which are coupled to the separation unit with respect to speed, and by the speed of transportation of the extruder on the one hand and the separation between the rollers on the other hand. The extruders used can be either single-helix extruders or double-helix extruders. The sheet die preferably comprises a collapsible die body, the edges and the rest bar for flow regulation by its width. For this purpose, the restrictor bar can be bent by tension and pressure screws. The thickness is fixed by adjusting the edges. It is important to ensure a uniform temperature of the PET and the edge, since otherwise the molten PET flows out through the different flow channels in different thicknesses. The calibration tool, ie the calender smoothing, gives the melted PET mixture the shape and dimensions. This is achieved by freezing below the glass transition temperature by cooling and smoothing. In this state no conformation should be done, put L6 that otherwise surface defects could be formed in this cooled state. For this reason, the calender rolls are preferably driven together. The temperature of the calender rolls should be less than the glass melting temperature to avoid adhesion of the molten PET. The molten PET leaves the slot die at a temperature of 240 to 300 ° C. The first smoothing / cooling roll is at a temperature between 50 ° C and 80 ° C, depending on the output speed and the thickness of the sheet. The second roller, a little cold, cool the second surface or another. Although the calibration unit freezes the PET surfaces as evenly as possible, and the profile is cooled to the degree that it is rigid, the subsequent cooling device lowers the temperature of the PET sheet to virtually room temperature. It may have-place subsequent cooling on a roller board. The separation speed must exactly match the speed of the calender roller to avoid defects and variations in thickness. With additional equipment, the extrusion line for the production of sheets may also include a separating saw for cutting in length, a side trimmer, a stacking unit and a monitoring station. The edge or side trimmer is advantageous, since under certain circumstances the thickness in the edge region may not be uniform. The thicknesses and optical properties of the sheet are measured in the ignition station. The amazing multiplicity of excellent properties makes the transparent transparent amorphous sheet highly suitable for a multitude of different uses, for example for interior room panels, for exhibitions and display articles, as displays, for signs, for protective glassware for machines and vehicles, in the lighting sector, in shop fittings and shelf construction, as advertising items, as menu stands and as basket-to-basketball game boards, as room divisions, for aquariums, as information boards and as posts for brochures and newspapers. Due to the good stability against UV, the novel transparent amorphous sheet is likewise suitable for external applications such as, for example, for greenhouses, roofing systems, glassware systems, security glass, external coating, covers, applications in the sector of construction, illuminated advertising profiles, balcony cladding, roof exit doors and caravan windows. In the following the invention is described in greater detail with reference to working examples, without this representing a limitation. The individual properties were measured in accordance with the following patterns or by the following procedures.

Measurement methods Surface luster: The surface luster according to DIN 67530 was measured at a measuring angle of 20 °. Transmission of Light: The transmission of light is understood as the relation between the total amount of light transmitted and the amount of incident light. The light trans mission was determined using a "Hazegard plus" instrument in accordance with ASTM L003. Opacity and Clarity: Opacity is the percentage of transmitted light that deviates from the beam of incident rays by an average of more than 2.5 °. Clarity was measured at an angle of less than 2.5 °. Opacity and clarity were measured using a "Hazegard plus" instrument in accordance with ASTM 1003. Surface defects: Surface defects were determined visually. Impact resistance Charpy, an: This parameter was determined in accordance with ISO 179/1 D. Impact resistance with notch Tzod, ak: Impact resistance with Izod u notch was measured in accordance with ISO 180 / 1A. Density: The density was determined in accordance with DIN 53479. VN (DCA) and VI (DC): The normal viscosity VN (DCA) was measured in dichloroacetic acid according to DIN 53726. The in-sine viscosity (VI) was calculated as follows from the normal viscosity (VN). VI (DCA) - 6.67 X lt) - «VN (DCA) + 0.118 Thermal properties: Thermal properties were measured, such as melting point of Tf glass, scale of temperature of Tc, temperature of subsequent or cold crystallization , TCN, and glass transition temperature Tv, by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at a heating rate of 10 ° C /? N? N. Molecular weight and polydistribution: The molecular weights Mw and Mn and the resulting polydispersity Mw / Mn were measured by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Internperry (on both sides), UV Stability: Stability against UV was demonstrated as follows, in accordance with the ISO 4892 test specification: Test instrument: Internperi srno Atlas Ci 65 Testing conditions: ISO 4892, that is to say, artificial temperature Exposure time: 1000 hours (per side) Exposure: 0.5 U / rn2, 340 nrn Temperature 3 ° 0 Humidity attrition rep rel iva 50% Xenon lamp Internal and external filters made of boros Ll ic to Exposure cycles 102 minutes of UV light, then 18 minutes of UV light, with water spray of the samples, then L02 more minutes of light UV, etc.

Color change: The color change of the samples after inte per *! but artificial was measured using a spectrum-photometer according to DJN 5033 ,. The following symbols were applied:? L: Difference in clarity. - + Z1L: The sample is more clear than the employer. -? L: The sample is darker than the pattern. ? A: Difference in the red / green region. < ? fi: The sample is more red than the patron. -? : The sample is more green than the pattern. ? B: Difference in the region azul / aman 11 o. +? B: The sample is more yellow than the pattern. -? : The sample is more blue than the pattern. ? E: Total change in color:? E - 4 *? L + A A2 *? B2 A greater - numerical deviation of the pattern, the difference in color will be greater. The numerical values of < 0.3 can be ignored and mean that there is no change in color * important. Amount of love Lleo: The yellowness value G is a deviation from The discoloration to "yellow", and is measured in accordance with DIN 6167. The yellowness values of < 5 are invisible. The examples and the comparative examples that follow each relate to transparent sheets of individual layer of various thicknesses produced on the bottom extrusion line. All sheets were weathered in accordance with the TSO 4892 test specification on both sides for 1000 hours per side using the Atlas Ci 65 tempe- rature meter and subsequently tested for * their mechanical properties, discoloration, surface defects, turbidity and 1 ust re.

EXAMPLE 1 A transparent amorphous sheet with a thickness of 3 nm is produced which contains, as main constituents, letlleno pol-phthalate and 1.0 wt.% UV light stabilizer 2-, 6-d? Phen? Ll, 3 , 5-tr? Azm-2-? L) -5- (hex? L) -oxi phenol (RT? Nuv? N 1577 from Ciba-Geigy). The 1577 inode has a melting point of 149 ° C and is thermally stable up to about 330 ° C. To ensure a homogeneous distribution, 1.0% in y? weight of the UV light stabilizer ee incorporated in the polyethylene terephthalate directly by * the producer * of the raw material. The polyethylene terephthalate from which the transparent sheet is produced has a normal viscosity VN (DCA) ié 1010, which corresponds to an intrinsic viscosity VI (DCA) of 0.79 dl / g. The moisture content is < 0.2% and density (DIN 53479) is 1.4L g / crn3. The crystallinity is 59%, and the crystallization melting point, according to DSC measurements, is 258 ° C. The crystallization temperature scale Tc is between 83 ° C and 25 ° C, and the subsequent crystallization temperature (also known as cold crystallization temperature) TCN is 144 ° C. The polydispersity w / Mn of polyethylene terephthalate is 2.14. The glass transition temperature is 83 ° C. Before extrusion, polyethylene terephthalate with a density of 59% is dried in a dryer for 5 hours at 170 ° C, and then extruded in an individual worm extruder at an extrusion temperature of 286 ° C through a sheet die on a smoothing calender whose rollers are arranged in an S-shape, and smoothed to give a sheet with a thickness of 3 rnm. The first roller of the calender has a temperature of 73 ° C, and the subsequent rolls each have a temperature of 67 ° C. The separation speed and roller speed of the calender is 6.5 rn / rnin. After the subsequent cooling, the transparent PET sheet with a thickness of 3 mrn is cut at the edges using separation saws, and cut to length and cut.

The transparent amorphous PET sheet produced has the following profile of properties: thickness 3 rnrn surface luster, 1st. side 198 (measurement angle of 20 °), 2nd. side 196 -transmission of light 91% -largeness 100% -your warmth 1.5% surface defects by rn2 none (fish eyes, orange peel, bubbles, etc.) resistance to Charpy's impact, an: s fracture -Insistance impact with Izod, a? 4.2 kJ / 2 good cold water quality, no defects -standard 0% -density 1.33 g / crn 3 After interning for 1000 hours per side using the Atlas Ci 65 mternpepser meter, the sheet of PET exhibits the following properties: -thickness-: 3 rnrn -lustre of surface, 1st. side: ig6 (measurement angle of 20 °), 2nd. side: 195 light transmission = 91.1% -cl nity 'IÜ0% t b bí dez - 1. b% - total discoloration? E: Ü.22 - dark coloration? J: -0.18 - red-green discoloration? A "-0.Ü8 - blue discoloration - love 1 lo? B 0..10 - surface defects ( cracks, brittle car-acter) = none-yellowing value G 4-Charpy impact resistance, an: no fracture - Impact resistance with notch Tzod, ak; .1 k J / m 2 form b 111 cold run - good EXAMPLE 2 A transparent amorphous film is produced analogously to Example L, with the UV light stabilizer 2- (4, 6-d? Fe i 1 -1, 3, 5-t peace? N-2 -ll) -5- (I have il) -oxi phenol ("Tinuvín 1577) being measured in the form of a masterbatch.The masterbatch consists of 5% by weight of RT.?nuv.?n 1577 as an active ingredient, and 95% by weight of the terettalate of Example 1: Before the extrusion, 80% by weight of the polyethylene terephthalate of Example 1 is dried at 170 ° C for 5 hours with 20% by weight of the master batch, the extrusion and the production of the sheet being carried out analogously to example 1.

The transparent amorphous PET sheet produced has the following profile of properties: -thickness: 3 mm -size luster, 1st. side: 194 (measurement angle of 20 °), 2nd. side: 193 - light transmission: 91.3% - clarity: 100% - turbulence: 1.4% - surface defects: none (fish eyes, orange peel, bubbles, etc.) - Charpy impact resistance, an: sm fracture - impact resistance with notch Izod, ak: 4.0 k3 / m - cold forged material: good - crystal unit: 0% - density: 1, .33 g / crn 3 After mternising for 1000 hours per side using the Atlas Ci 65 interstandard meter, the sheet of PET exhibits the following properties: - thickness: 3 rnrn - surface luster, 1st. side: 192 (measurement angle of 20 °), 2nd. side: 190 -transmission of light: 91.1% -largeness: 100% -turbidity: 1.5% < > b -decoloration n ot ot L EI i 0.24 dark discoloration? L: -0.19 - red-green discoloration? A: -0.08 -decoloration azu L-arnap Lio? E: 0.12 -deffects of surface (cracks, brittle character): no value of love n Ileo G :: 5 - impact resistance of Charpy, an: s? nf ractura - Impact resistance with notch Tzod, ak: 4.0 L J / rn -for cold 1: good EXAMPLE 3 A transparent sheet is produced analogously to model 1, using a polyethylene terephthalate with the following properties: VN (DCA): 1100 -VI (DCA): 0.85 dl / g -Density: 1.38 g / cm 3 -Crystal: 44% -Ripping point of the crystallisation, Tm: 245 ° C -Scale crystallisation temperature, Tc: 82 ° C to 245 ° C -Upper temperature * or cold crystallization, TCN: 152 ° C -Polidisperstidad Mw / Mn: 2.02 -Transparent glass transition temperature: 82 ° C A transparent amorphous sheet with a thickness of 6 rnm is produced which contains, as main constituents, the polyethylene terephthalate described and 0.6 % by weight of the UV light stabilizer 2, 2 '-met i len-bis- (6- (2H-benzotr *? azol -2-il) -4- (1,1,3, 3- tet rarnetilbuty 1) phenol (RTinuvín 360 from Ciba-Geigy), based on the weight of the polymer Tinuvín 360 has a melting point of 195 ° C and is thermally stable up to approximately 250 ° C. As in Example 1, 0.6% The weight of the UV light stabilizer is incorporated into the polyethylene terephthalate directly by the producer of the raw material, the extrusion temperature is 280 ° C. The first roll of the calender ra has a temperature of 66 ° C, and the subsequent rollers have a temperature of 60 ° C. The speed of separation and the speed of the rollers of the calender is 2.9 rn / inin.

The transparent amorphous PET sheet produced has the following profile of properties: -thickness: 6 rnrn -lustre of surface, ler. side: 175 (measurement angle of 20 °), 2nd. side: 173 -transmission of light: 88.6% -largeness: 99.6% -turbidity: 2.5% -definition surface by rn2: none (fish eyes, orange peel, bubbles, etc.) 20 -re i tencia di impact of Oharpy, an: sm tr * actura -resistance to impact with onla Tzod, ak 4.8 l / m 2 tor-mabidity in good cold, without defects cp stalinity 0% • den 1.33 g / crn 3 After idling for 1000 horns per side using the Atlas Ci 65 mternpep srno meter, the lamina PRT exhibits the following properties: - thickness r. 6 rnrn - surface luster, 1st. side: 171 (measurement angle of 20 °), 2nd. Side: 169 -transmission of light: 08.3% -largeness: 99.5% ~ tur * bldez: 2.7% -decoloration total E. : 0.56 - dark coloration? L: -0.21 -decoloration r * green-eye? A: -0.11 - blue discoloration - a? Nar *? lio? B: - + 0.51 - surface defects (cracks, brittle character): none - yellowing value G: 6 - impact resistance of Charpy, an: s? n fracture -Indicated impact resistance Izod,: 4.6 kJ / rn 2 -for cold-working: good, no defects EXAMPLE 4 A transparent amorphous film is produced analogously to Example 3. The extrusion temperature is 275 ° C. The first roller of the calender has a temperature of 57 ° C, and the subsequent rollers have a temperature of 50 ° C. The separation speed and roller speed of the calender is 1.7 rn / rnin. The sheet is stabilized as described in example 3.

The PET film produced has the following profile of properties: -thickness *: 10 rnrn -lustre of surface, 1st. side: 163 (measurement angle of 20 °), 2nd. side: 161 -transmission of light: 86.5% -largeness: 99, .2% -turbldez: 4.95% -deffects surface by rn2: none (fish eyes, orange peel, bubbles, etc.) -resistance to impact of Charpy, an: without fracture - Impact resistance with notch Tzod, ak: 5.1 kJ / rn 2 - cold workability: good, without defects -cpstalinity: 0.1% - density: 1. 33 g / cm 3 After 1000 hours per side of the meter using the Atlas Ci 65 in temperometer meter, the PET film exhibits the following properties: -thickness: 10 mrn -light of surface, 1st- . side: 160 (measurement angle of 20 °), 2nd. side: 159 -transmission of light: 86.2% -largeness: 99.1% -turbidity: 5.0% -decoloration total E: 0.47-dark coloration L: -0.18 -coloration red-green A: -0.09 -color-blue-yellow ? B: --0.42 - surface defects (cracks, brittleness): none - yellowing value G: 5 - impact resistance of Charpy, an: sm fracture - Impact resistance with notch Tzod,: 4.5 J / rn 2 -forrnabí Lidad in cold: good, without defects COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 A transparent amorphous sheet is produced analogously to example 1. Fn contrast? With example 1, the sheet does not contain UV stabilizer. The unused polyethylene tereitalate, the extrusion couplers, the 11 process parameters and temperatures are selected as in example 1. The transparent PET film produced has the following properties profile: -thickness: 3 rnin-surface luster, 1st. side 200 (measurement angle of 20 °), 2nd. side 198 -transmission of light 91.4% -largeness 100% -turbidity 1.3% -definitions surface by rn2 none (fish eyes, orange peel, bubbles, etc.) -sistance to Charpy impact, an: s? n fracture -Insistance to impact with notch Izod, k: 4.3 J / in 2 - cold fornability: good, without defects -cpstalinity: 0% -density: 1.33 g / cm 3 After interning for 1000 hours per side using Atlas Ci 65 Intenspeed meter, the laminate PET exhibits the following properties: - thickness: 3 mrn - surface luster, 1st. side: 98 (measurement angle of 20 °), 2nd. side: 95 -transmission of light: 79.5% -Clarity: 81.2% 12 - t urbidity :: 7.0% -deco What is the total ion? E: 3.4 L-dark coloration? L: 0.29 - red-green discoloration? A: -0.87-blue coloration -ama r *? lio? .B: - * 3.29 -d surface effects (cracks, brittleness): brittle character -value of yellowness G: L 7 -sistance to Charpy's impact, an- fracture co p Let a J? .0 k J /? N2 -Impact resistance with notch Izod, k: 1. k J / m 2 -Formality in cold: crack - rnient The sheet exhibits a discoloration of "yellowing" visible. The surfaces are rough and brittle.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2 A transparent amorphous sheet is produced analogously to Example 3. In contrast to Example 3, the sheet does not contain a UV light stabilizer. The polymeric phthalate used, the extrusion parameters, the parameters of the process and the temperatures are selected as in Example 3. The transparent PET sheet produced has the < *, iq? lens profile properties: '-speed: 6 rnm - surface luster, ler. side - 180 (angle measured 20 °), 2nd. side: 170 -transmission of light: 08.9% -largeness: 99.6% -turbidity p 2.3% surface defects porrn2. none (fish eyes, orange peel, bubbles, et c.) Charpy impact resistance, even without fr-actura - re i st to the impact with Izod notch, k 4.0 kJ / m 2 good cold operability, without damage -crist l my 0% -density 1.33 g / ern 3 After inserting for 1000 hours per side using the Meter of Atlas or Atlas Ci 65, the PET sheet exhibits the following properties: - Thickness: 6 mm - surface luster, lr. side: 91 (measurement angle of 20 °), 2nd. side: 07 -transmission of light: 72.5% -largeness: 78.3% -turblidad: 12.9% -decoloración total? E: 3.61-dark coloration? L: -0.26 14 red-green discoloration? A -p. 1 blue discoloration --amai 11 lo B + 3. 48 gray surface defects, < brittle spider) -value * of yellowness G 18 Charpy impact resistance, an fracture cornp i et a JU at 46"2 k, l /? N2 -r-esi sten sion impact Izod, k; 1.6 kJ / rn 2 forrnabí 1 cold weather cracking L5 to The sheet exhibits a clearly visible "yellowing" discoloration. The surfaces have been strongly attacked (they are matt, brittle and show cracking). 20 COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 3 A translucent film, transparent and stabilized with UV light is produced analogously to example 3, of the same method using polyethylene terephthalate, the UV light stabilizer and the masterbatch of example 3. The first roller of the calender has a temperature of 83 ° C, and the subsequent rollers each have a temperature of 77 ° C. The sheet produced is extremely cloudy and virtually opaque. The transmission of light, clarity and luster are significantly reduced. The sheet exhibits defects and surface structures. The optical properties are unacceptable for a transparent application.

The sheet produced Lene the following profile of properties: -thickness-: 6 mm -light surface, read. side 86 (measuring angle of 20"), 2nd side 88 -transmission of light 8% -largeness I do not read" turbulence of measure-surface defects for p * 2 bur-bubbles, shell de n ranja (fish eyes, orange peel, bubbles, etc.) - Charpy impact resistance, an: s? n fracture - impact resistance with notch Izod, ak: 5.0 k / rn 2 - cold workability: good -standard: approx. 8% -density: 1.34 g / crn 3 Due to its unacceptable optical properties, the sheet of 6 nm was not subjected to a mternal test.

Claims (1)

1. NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS 1. A transparent amorphous film having a thickness in the scale from 1 to 20 nm containing, as a principal constituent, a glass-like thermoplastic, and containing at least one UV light stabilizer. 2 - A sheet according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the stabilizer * of UV light is in the range of 0.01 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of the thermoplastic cp taliza. 3. A sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the UV light stabilizer is selected from 2-hydroxybenzotr? Azoles and tnazonas. 4.- A sheet in accordance with the claim 3, wherein the UV light stabilizer used is at least one compound selected from 2- (4,6-d? Phenyl-1, 3,5-tpaz? N-2-? L) -5- ( hex?) ox? phenol and 2,2'-met? len-b? s (6- (2H-benzotnazol-2? l) -4- (1, 1,3,3-tet-rrnethylbutyl) phenol. according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the surface luster, measured in accordance with DIN 67530 (measurement angle of 20 °), is greater than 120. 6. A sheet according to any of the preceding claims, in where the light transmission, measured in accordance with ASTM D 1003, is greater than 84% 1. A sheet conforming to any of the preceding claims, wherein the turbidity, measured in accordance with ASTM D 1003. It is less than 15% 8. A sheet according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the thermosetting plastic is crystalline in the scale of 5 to 65% 9.- A sheet in accordance with one of the previous claims, wherein the terrnoplast i co cstastable used is selected from polyethylene teref, toreftaiat or polybutylene, a cycloolefin polymer and a cycloolefin copolymer. 10.- A sheet in accordance with the claim 9, wherein the used glass optic lens used is polyethylene terephthalate. 11.- A sheet in accordance with the claim 10, in «londe el. polyethylene terephthalate contains terephthalate < The polietiieno reci cculated. 12. A sheet according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the measurement of Charpy's impact strength, an, measured in accordance with ISO 179 / 1D, is not accompanied by fracture. 13. A sheet according to any of claims 10 to 12, wherein the Izod ak impact strength, measured in accordance with ISO 100 / 1A, is in the range of 2.0 to 8.0 kJ / rn2. 14. - A sheet according to any of claims 10 to 13, wherein the clarity, measured in accordance with ASTM D 1003 at an angle of less than 2.5 °, is greater than 96%. 15. A sheet according to any of claims 10 to 14, wherein the polyethylene terephthalate has a melting point of the crystallizate, measured by DSC, at a heating rate of 10 ° C / rp? N, in the scale from 220 ° to 280 ° C. 16. A sheet according to any of claims 10 to 15, wherein the polyethylene terophthalate has a crystallization temperature, measured by DSC, at a heating rate of 10 ° C / rn? N, in the scale of 75 ° to 280 ° C. 17. A sheet of conformity with any of claims 10 to 16, wherein the polyethylene terephthalate used has a normal viscosity VN (DCA), measured in dichloroacetic acid in accordance with DIN 53728, in the scale from 800 to 1800 18. A process for the production of a transparent amorphous sheet according to any of claims 1 to 17, which comprises melting the thermoplastic cpstalizable in the extruder together with the UV light stabilizer, extruding the molten barium through a given, calibrating, smoothing and cooling the extrudate in a polishing stack with at least two rollers, and cutting the sheet to size, where the first roller «The polishing pile * i Lene a temperature on the scale of 50 to 00 ° C. 19. The process according to claim 18, wherein the cpstalizable terrnoplast is dried before melting it in the extruder. 20. The method according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the cpstallable thermoplastic is polyethylene terephthalate. 21. The process according to claim 20, wherein the polyethylene terephthalate is dried from 160 to 180 ° C dur-ante 4 to 6 hours before extrusion. 22. The process according to claim 20 or 21, wherein the molten bath temperature of the PET is in the range of 250 to 320 ° C. 23. The method according to any of claims 20 to 22, wherein the UV light stabilizer is added by master batch technology. 24. The use of a transparent amorphous sheet according to any of claims 1 to L7 for external applications.