MXPA97006638A - Composition of dyeing by oxidation for fibrasqueratinicas that comprises an anififiloanion polymer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to oxidation dyeing composition for keratin fibers, in particular for human keratin fibers, such as hair, the type comprising, in a medium suitable for dyeing, at least one dye precursor by oxidation and, where appropriate, one or more couplers, characterized in that it also contains at least one anionic amphiphilic polymer comprising at least one hydrophilic unit and at least one allyl heterocyclic chain unit

Description

KERATINICS THAT UNDERSTAND '' AN ANIONIC ANIFYLIL POLYMER.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an oxidation dyeing composition of keratin fibers and in particular of human keratin fibers such as hair, which comprise at least one dye precursor by oxidation and optionally one or more couplers and at least one anionic amphiphilic polymer comprising at least one hydrophilic unit, and at least one fatty chain allyl ether unit.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is known to dye keratin fibers and in particular human hair, with dyeing compositions containing dye precursors by oxidation, generally referred to as "oxidation bases", in particular ortho- or para-phenylenediamines, ortho- or para-aminophenols, and heterocyclic bases.

REF: 25516 are initially little or no colored compounds that develop their dyeing power * * in the hair in the presence of oxidizing agents leading to the formation of colored compounds. The formation of these colored compounds results either from an oxidative condensation of the "oxidation bases" on themselves, or from an oxidative condensation of the "oxidation bases" on coloring modifying compounds, or "couplers", which are generally present in the dyeing compositions used in oxidation dyeing and are more particularly represented by metaphenylenediamines, meta-aminophenols and meta-diphenols, and some heterocyclic compounds. The variety of molecules used, which are made up of a part of the "oxidation bases" and on the other hand by the "copulators", allow obtaining a palette very rich in colors. To place the coloring product by oxidation in the application on the hair so that it does not flow on the face or outside the areas that it is proposed to dye, so far has been resorted to the use of traditional thickeners such as acid crosslinked polyacrylic, those of non-ionic surfactants of HLB (Hydrophilic Lipophilic Balance), which, properly chosen, produce the gelling effect when diluted by means of water and / or surfactants. However, the applicant has observed that the ingredients of the traditional thickener type, surfactants and solvents, generally slow down the rise of the dye on the fibers, which is translated by a tender tone and also by a more important use of dye, solvents and / or surfactants to solubilize the dye, if it is desired, however, to obtain a strong tonality. On the other hand, it has also observed that after mixing with the oxidant, the dyeing compositions containing the dye precursor (s) by oxidation and optionally the coupler (s), and also the indicated ingredients, lost a part of their gelled character and therefore produced undesirable flows. Now after major research on the subject, the applicant now finishes discovering that it is possible to obtain dyeing compositions by oxidation (after which they are better located at the point of application, and which also allow to obtain more chromatic tones (more luminous ) being very potent, if (i) or in the composition containing the dye precursor (s) is introduced by oxidation and eventually the coupler (s) [or composition (A)], or (ii) in the oxidizing composition [or composition] (B)], or (iii) in both compositions at the same time, an effective amount of an anionic amphiphilic polymer including at least one hydrophilic amount, and at least one allyl ether unit of fatty chain. present invention, the chromaticity (luminosity) is defined by the value c * in the colorimetric indication system L *, a *, b *, of the Comission Internacionale de l'Eclairage (CIE). to the square root of the sum a2 + b2 (+ a is red, -a is green, + b is yellow, -b is blue). The tonality is all the brighter the higher the value of c *. In this annotation system, L * defines the power of the tonality. The tonality is all the more powerful the lower the value of L * (0 = black, 100 = white). These discoveries form the basis of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The subject of the present invention is therefore an oxidation dyeing composition for keratin fibers, in particular for human keratin fibers, such as hair, of the type comprising, in a medium suitable for dyeing, at least one precursor dye by oxidation (oxidation base) and, if appropriate, one or more couplers, characterized in that it also contains at least one anionic amphiphilic polymer comprising at least one hydrophilic unit, and at least one ether unit of fatty chain allyl. Thanks to the present invention, it is also possible, and this advantageously, to reduce the consumption of surfactants, even to suppress them. The invention also makes it possible to reduce the amount of coloring active substances used in the dyeing compositions, in relation to the conventional techniques known from the prior art. Another object of the present invention relates to a ready-to-use composition for dyeing keratin fibers, containing at least one dye precursor by oxidation and optionally at least one copulator, and at least one hydrophilic unit, and at least one an allyl ether unit of fatty chain, and an oxidizing agent. The invention also relates to a process for dyeing keratin fibers, and in particular human keratin fibers such as hair, which comprises applying to these fibers at least one composition (Al) containing, in a medium suitable for dyeing, at least one dye precursor by oxidation and optionally at least one coupler, in association with at least one anionic amphiphilic polymer comprising at least one hydrophilic unit, and at least one fatty chain allyl ether unit, the color being revealed at a pH alkaline, neutral or acid with the aid of an oxidizing agent that is mixed just at the time of use of the composition (Al) or that is present in a composition (B) applied sequentially without intermediate rinse. The invention also relates to a variant of this process, which consists of applying to the fibers at least one composition (A2) containing in an appropriate medium for dyeing, at least one dye precursor by oxidation and optionally at least one copulator , and this in includes at least one hydrophilic unit, and at least one allyl ether unit of fatty chain, the color being revealed at an alkaline, neutral or acidic pH with the aid of an oxidizing composition (B2) containing an oxidizing agent and an effective amount of at least one anionic amphiphilic polymer that includes at least one hydrophilic unit, and at least one allyl ether unit of fatty chain, and that is mixed just at the time of use of the composition (A2) or that is applies sequentially without intermediate clarification. The invention also relates to dyeing devices or "kits" of several compartments, of which the first compartment contains at least one dye precursor by oxidation, optionally at least one copulator, and at least one anionic amphiphilic polymer comprising at least one a hydrophilic unit, and at least one allyl ether unit of fatty chain, and the second compartment an oxidizing agent. According to another variant, the invention also relates to dyeing devices or "kits" of several compartments, of which the first compartment contains at least one dye precursor by oxidation, optionally at least one anionic amphiphile including at least one hydrophilic unit , and at least one allyl ether unit of fatty chain, and the second compartment an oxidizing agent and an effective amount of at least one anionic amphiphilic polymer comprising at least one hydrophilic unit, and at least one allyl ether unit of chain grsa . The invention also relates to the use of the oxidation dyeing composition indicated above or of a multi-compartment dyeing or "kit" as defined above for dyeing human keratin fibers such as hair. But other features, aspects, objects and advantages of the invention will appear even more clearly on reading the description and examples that follow. The anionic amphiphilic polymers which includes at least one hydrophilic unit, and at least one alkyl ether unit of the grsa chain, used according to the invention, are preferably chosen from those whose hydrophilic unit is constituted by an ethylenically unsaturated anionic monomer, more particularly by a vinyl carboxylic acid and very particularly by u, with their mixtures, and of which the fatty chain lyl ether unit corresponds to the monomer of formula (I) below: CH2 = CR'CH2OBnR (I) wherein R 'designates H or CH3, B designates the ethyleneoxy radical, n is null or designates an integer ranging from 1 to 100, R denotes a hydrocarbon radical selected from the radicals-alkyl or sky-alkyl, comprising from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from 10 to 24, and more particularly from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and very particularly a C10-C24 alkyl radical. A unit of formula (I) more particularly preferred according to the present invention is a unit in which R 'designates H, n is equal to 10, and R designates a stearyl radical (C18). Anionic amphiphilic polymers of this type are for example described and prepared, according to an emulsion polymerization process, in patent EP-0216479 B2. Among these anionic amphiphilic polymers, polymers formed from 20 to 60% by weight of 60% by weight of lower alkyl (meth) acrylates, from 2 to 50% by weight of allyl ether are particularly preferred according to the invention. of fatty chain of formula (1), and from 0 to 1% by weight of a crosslinking agent which is a well-known copolymerizable polyethylenic unsaturated monomer, such as diallyl phthalate, allyl (meth) acrylate, divinylbenzene, dimethacrylate of (poly) ethylene glycol, and methylene-bis-acrylamide. Among the latter, the crosslinked terpolymers of methacrylic acid, ethyl acrylate, polyethylene glycol are particularly preferred. (10EO) stearyl alcohol ether (Steareth 10), particularly those sold by the company ALLIED COLLOIDS under the names SALCARE SC 80 and SALCARE SC90 which are 30% aqueous emulsions of a crosslinked terpolymer of methacrylic acid, ethyl acrylate and of steareth-10-allyl ether (40/50/10). The anionic amphiphilic polymers including at least one hydrophilic unit, and at least one fatty chain allyl ether unit according to the invention, are preferably used in an amount which may vary from about 0.05 to 10% by weight of the total weight of the dyeing composition applied on the fibers. More preferably, this amount ranges from about 0.2 to 5% by weight. The oxidation dye precursors which can be used in the context of the present invention are chosen from those conventionally known in oxidation dyeing, and among which may be particularly mentioned: the para-phenylenediamines of formula (II) below and their addition salts an acid : wherein: Ri represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl radical, C1-C4 mnohydroxyalkyl, C2-C4 polyhydroxyalkyl or 4'-aminophenyl, R2 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl radical C 1 -C 4 monohydroxyalkyl, or C 2 -C 4 polyhydroxyalkyl, R 3 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom such as a chlorine atom, a C 1 -C 4 alkyl, sulfo, carboxy, C 1 -C 4 monohydroxyalkyl or hydroxyalkoxy radical of C1-C4, R represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-C4 alkyl radical. Among the para-phenylene diamine of formula (II) indicated above, para-phenylenediamine, para-tolylene diamine, 2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine, 2,3-dimethyl-paraphenylenediamine, 2,6-dimethyl-paraphenylenediamine, 2,6-diethyl-paraphenylenediamine, 2,5-dimethyl-paraphenylenediamine, N, N-dimethyl-paraphenylenediamine, N, N-diethyl -para-phenylenediamine, N, N-dipropyl-paraphenylenediamine, 4-amino-N, N-diethyl-3- methyl-aniline, N, N-bis (β-hydroxyethyl) -paraphenylenediamine, 4-amino-N, N-bis- (β-hydroxyethyl) -3-methyl-aniline, 4-amino-3-chloro- N, N-bis- (β-hydroxyethyl) -aniline, 2-β-hydroxyethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2-fluoro-para-phenylenediamine, 2-isopropyl-paraphenylenediamine, N- (β-hydroxypropyl) -paraphenylenediamine, -hydroxymethyl-paraphenylenediamine, N, N-dimethyl-3-methyl-paraphenylenediamine, N, N- (ethyl, β-hydroxyethyl) -paraphenylenediamine, N- (β, β-dihydroxypropyl) paraphenylenediamine, N- (4 '-aminophenyl) -para-phenylenediamine, N-phenyl-para-phenylenediamine- 2-β-hydroxyethyloxy-? araphenylenediamine, and its addition salts with an acid.

Among the para-phenylenediamines of formula (II) indicated above, se. they particularly prefer para-phenylenediamine, para-tolylene diamine, 2-isopropyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2-β-hydroxyethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2-β-hydroxyethyl-oxy-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-diethyl- para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-dimethyl-paraphenylene diamine, 2,6-diethyl-paraphenylenediamine, 2,3-dimethyl-paraphenylenediamine, N, N-bis- (β-hydroxyethyl) -paraphenylenediamine, 2-chloro- para-phenylenediamine, and its addition salts with an acid. - bis-phenylalkylenediamines corresponding to formula (III) below, and their addition salts with an acid: wherein: Qi and Q2 identical or different, represent a hydroxyl radical or NHRβ in which Re represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-C4 alkyl radical, Rs represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl radical, C 1 -C 4 monohydroxyalkyl, C 2 -C 4 polyhydroxyalkyl, or C 1 -C 4 aminoalkyl whose amino moiety can be substituted, R 6 and 7 identical or different, represent a hydrogen or halogen atom or an Ci-C 4 alkyl radical, w represents a radical taken from the group consisting of the following radicals: - (CH2) n-; - (CH2) m- 0 - (CH2) m -; - (CH2) n -CHOH- (CH2) m- and in which n is an integer between 0 and 8 inclusive and m is an integer between 0 and 4 inclusive. Among the bis-phenylalkylenediamines of formula (III) indicated above, N, N'-bis- (β-hydroxyethyl) -N, N'-bis- (4'-aminophenyl) -l, 3- can be more particularly mentioned. diamino-2-propanol, N, N'-bis- (β-hydroxyethyl) -N, N'-bis- (1-aminophenyl) ethylenediamine, N, N-bis- (4-aminophenyl) -tetramethylenediamine, N, N'-bis- (ß-hydroxyethyl) -N, N'-bis- (4-aminophenyl) -tetramretilendiaine, N, N'-bis- (4-methylaminophenyl) -tetramethylenediamine, N, N'- bis- (ethyl) -N, N '-bis- (4'-amino, 3'-methylphenyl) -ethylenediamine, and its acid addition salts. Among these bis-phenylalkylenediamines of formula (III), in N, N '-bis- (β-hydroxyethyl) -N, N'-bis- (4'-aminophenyl) -l, 3-diamino-2-propanol or a of their addition salts with an acid are particularly preferred. - para-aminophenols corresponding to formula (IV) below, and their addition salts with an acid: wherein: R9 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl radical of C? -C4, monohydroxyalkyl of C? -C4, alkoxy (Ci-C4) alkyl (C1-C4) or aminoalkyl of C1-C4, or hydroxyalkyl (C1 -C4) C1-C4 aminoalkyl, Rio represents a hydrogen or fluorine atom, a C1-C4 alkyl radical, a C1-C4 monohydroxyalkyl, a C2-C4 polyhydroxyalkyl, a C1-C4 aminoalkyl, a C1-6 cyanoalkyl C4 or (C1-C4) alkoxy (C1-C4) alkyl, it being understood that at least one of the radicals R9 or io represents a hydrogen atom.

Among the para-aminophenols of formula (IV) indicated above, para-aminophenol, 4-amino-3-methyl-phenol, 4-amino-3-fluoro-phenol, 4-amino-3-amino-phenol, 3-hydroxymethyl-phenol, 4-amino-2-methyl-phenol, 4-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-phenol, 4-amino-2-methoxy-methyl-phenol, 4-amino-2-aminomethyl- phenol, 4-amino-2 (β-hydroxyethyl-aminomethyl) -phenol, and their addition salts with an acid, the ortho-aminophenols which can be used as oxidation bases in the context of the present invention, are chosen from among the 2-amino-phenol, the 2-amino-l-hydroxy-5-methyl-benzene, the 2-amino-l-hydroxy-6-methyl-benzene, the 5-acetamido-2-amino-phenol, and their addition salts with an acid. - the heterocyclic bases which can be used as oxidation bases within the framework of the present invention are particularly chosen from pyridine derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives, pyrazole derivatives and their addition salts. Among the pyrinic derivatives, mention may be made more particularly of the compounds described, for example, in GB-1 026 978 and GB-1,153,196, such as 2,5-diaminopyridine, and their addition salts with an acid. Among the pyrimidine derivatives, the compounds described, for example, in German patents DE-2,359,399 or Japanese JP-88-169,571 and JP-91-333,495, such as 2, 4,5,6-tetra-amino-pyrimidine, can be cited. -hydroxy-2, 5,6-triaminopyrimidine, and its addition salts. Among the pyrazole derivatives, the compounds described in the patents DE-3,843,892, DE-4,133,957 and patent applications WO-94/08969 and WO-94/08970 such as 4,5 may be cited more particularly. -diamino-1-methyl-pyrazole, 3,4-diamino-pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1- (4'-chlorobenzyl) -pyrazol, and their addition salts with an acid. According to the invention, the oxidation base (s) preferably represent from 0.0005 to 12% by weight approximately of the total weight of the composition (A) and even more preferably from 0.005 to 6% by weight approximately. The copulators which can be used in the dyeing process according to the invention are those conventionally used in oxidation dyeing compositions, namely metaphenylenediamines, leta-aminophenols and meta-diphenols, mono- or poly-hydroxylated derivatives of naphthalene, sesamol and their derivatives. derivatives and heterocyclic compounds such as, for example, indole couplers, indoline couplers, pyridine couplers and their addition salts with an acid. These couplers can be chosen in particular from 2-methyl-5-amino-phenol, 5-N- (β-hydroxyethyl) -amino-2-methyl-phenol, 3-amino-phenol, 1,3-dihydroxy. -benzene, l, 3-dihydroxy-2-methyl-benzene, 4-chloro-l, 3-dihydroxy-benzene, 2,4-diaminmo-1- (b-hydroxyethyl-oxy) -benzene, 2-amino -4- (β-hydroxyethylamino) -1-methoxy-benzene, 1,3-diamino-benzene, 12, 3-bis- (2,4-diaminophenoxy) -propane, sesa-ol, a-naphthol, 6-hydroxy-indole, 4-hydroxy-indole, 4-hydroxy-N-methyl-indole, 6-hydroxy-indoline, 2,6-dihydroxy-4-methyl-pyridine, lH-3- methyl-urazol-5-one, l-phenyl-3-methyl-pyrazol-5-one, and its addition salts with an acid. When present, these couplers preferably represent from 0.0001 to 10% by weight approximately of the total weight of the composition (A), and even more preferably from 0.005 to 5% by weight approximately. In a general manner, the addition salts with an acid of the oxidation bases and couplers are particularly chosen from hydrochlorides, hydrobromides, sulfates and tartrates, lactates and acetates.

The composition (A) may also contain, in addition to the predecessors of oxidation dyes defined above and of any associated couplers, direct dyes to enrich the shades in reflections. These direct dyes can then be chosen in particular from nitro, azo or anthraquinone dyes. The composition (A) and / or the composition (B) can also more particularly contain at least one cationic, or amphoteric, substantive polymer as defined on pages 3 and 4 of the patent application EP-0-0673.641 Al , and from which it is advantageously preferred to use: the polyammonium quaternary polymers prepared and described in French patent 2,270,846, constituted by recurring motifs corresponding to the following formula (V): CH- CH- CH CH 'and whose molecular weight, determined by gel permeation chromatography, is between 9500 and 9900; the prepared quaternary polyammonium polymers described in French Patent 2,270,846, consisting of recurring units corresponding to the following formula (VI): CH3 C2H5 _UN! _ (CH2) 3_N_ (CH2) 3 _] _ (V |) | Br "| Br" CH3 C2H5 and whose molecular weight, determined by gel permeation chromatography, is about 1200. The medium of the composition (A) suitable for dyeing is preferably an aqueous medium constituted by water and may optionally contain organic solvents acceptable in the cosmetic plane. , of which more particularly, alcohols such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, and phenylethyl alcohol, or glycols or glycol ethers such as, for example, the monomethyl, monoethyl and monobutyl ether of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or its ethers such as, for example, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, butylene glycol, dipropylene glycol as well as diethylene glycol alkylethers, such as, for example, monoethylether or diethylene glycol monobutylether, in concentrations of between about 0.5 and 20. % and, preferably, between about 2 and 10% by weight relative to the total weight l of the composition. The composition (A) can also contain an effective amount of other agents, on the other hand previously known in oxidation dyeing, such as various usual adjuvants such as secuentiants, hair conditioning agents and in particular silicones, preservatives, opacifiers, etc. ., and optionally anionic, non-ionic, amphoteric surfactants or their mixtures. The said composition may also contain antioxidant agents. These may be chosen in particular from sodium sulfite, thioglycolic acid, thiolactic acid, sodium bisulfite, dehydroascorbic acid, hydroquinone, 2-methyl-hydroquinone, tert-butyl-hydroquinone and homogentisic acid, and are then generally present in amounts ranging from about 0.05 to 1.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. Of course, the person skilled in the art will try to choose the one or any additional compounds mentioned above, in such a way that the advantageous properties intrinsically related to the dyeing composition according to the invention are not, or substantially, altered by the addition (s) considered. In composition (B), the oxidizing agent is preferably chosen from urea peroxide, alkali metal bromates or ferricyanides, persalts such as perborates, percarbonates and persulfates. The use of hydrogen peroxide is particularly preferred. The composition (B) is advantageously constituted by a solution of hydrogen peroxide whose titre can vary, more particularly, from about 2.5 to 40 volumes, and even more preferably from about 5 to 20. The pH of the composition ready for use and applied on the keratin fibers [composition resulting from the mixing of the dyeing composition (A) and the oxidizing composition (B)], is generally between the values of 4 and 11.

It is preferably between 6 and 10, and can be adjusted to the desired value by means of acidifying or alkalizing agents well known in the state of the art in the dyeing of keratin fibers. Among the alkalizing agents, mention may be made, by way of example, of ammonia, alkali metal carbonates, alkanolamines such as mono-, di- and triethanolamines as well as their derivatives, sodium or potassium hydroxides and compounds of formula ( VII) next: lll l13 N-R-N (VII) L12 L14 wherein R is a propylene moiety optionally substituted by a hydroxy group or a C1-C4 alkyl radical; Ru R12 / Ri3r and R14, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl radical of Ci-Ct or hydroxyalkyl of C1-C4. Acidifying agents are conventionally, by way of example, mineral or organic acids such as hydrochloric acid, orthophosphoric acid, carboxylic acids such as tartaric acid, citric acid, lactic acid, or sulfonic acids. The dyeing process according to the invention preferably consists of applying a mixture, produced extemporaneously at the time of use, from the compositions (A) and (B) described above, on the dry or wet keratin fibers, and leave to act during a resting time that varies preferably from 1 to 60 minutes approximately, and more preferably from 10 to 45 minutes approximately, in clarifying the fibers, then eventually washing them with shampoo, then removing them again and drying them. Concrete examples illustrating the invention will now be given, without thereby presenting a limiting character.

The dyeing composition according to the invention was prepared as follows: Crosslinked anionic polymer methacrylic acid / ethyl acrylate / steareth-10-allyl ether, sold in 30% aqueous emulsion MA * (SALCARE SC 80 from Allied colloids). 1.0 g MA * Oleic acid 3.0 Aqueous solution of sodium bisulfite at 35% MA * 0.45 MA * Paraphenylenediamine 0.162 g Resorcinol 0. 165 g Ammonia (20% NH3) 11.5 g Sequestrant agent q.s. Water csp 100 g MA * = Active Material At the time of use, this composition was mixed weight by weight with a solution of hydrogen peroxide in 20 volumes, then the mixture obtained was applied on natural hair wicks with 90% whites. After 10 minutes of rest, the wicks were rinsed, then washed with shampoo, rinsed again, then dried. With the help of an I.C.S. spectocolorimeter, the chromaticity c * of the hue was measured from the values of a * and b * in the international color indication system L *, a *, b * of the C.I.E. The result was as follows: C * - 14.27 The value L * of the tonality was also measured. The result was the following: L * = 46.77.

Ejoaplo 2 Conp * r * tivo Example 1 was produced, substituting 1 gram of anionic amphiphile polymer crosslinked methacrylic acid / ethyl acrylate / stéareth-10-allyl ether (SALCARE SC 80 = by mixing the two following nonionic surfactants (which allow obtaining the same viscosity): 18 grams of decyl alcohol (C10-C12-C14 / 85-8.5-6.5) oxyethylenated in 3.5 moles of ethylene oxide sold under the name Mergital BL 309 by the Henkel company, and 12 grams of decyl alcohol (C? 0-C? 2-C? 4 / 85-8.5-6.5) oxyethylenated to 5.5 moles of ethylene oxide sold under the name of Mergital BL 589 by the Henkel Society, followed by the same protocol as in Example 1. The results were as follows: c * = 12.86 L * - 49.72 CONCLUSION The tonality obtained according to the invention is brighter (c * larger) than that obtained according to the prior art; it is also more powerful (L * smaller).

Claims (29)

Claims

1. Oxidising dyeing composition for keratin fibers, in particular for human keratin fibers, such as hair, the type comprising, in a medium suitable for dyeing, at least one dye precursor by oxidation and, if appropriate, one or several copulators, characterized in that it also contains at least one anionic amphiphilic polymer comprising at least one hydrophilic unit, and at least one fatty chain allyl ether unit.

2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrophilic unit is constituted by an ethylenically unsaturated anionic monomer.

3. Composition according to claim 2, characterized in that the hydrophilic unit is constituted by a vinyl carboxylic acid.

4. Composition according to claim 3, characterized in that the hydrophilic unit is constituted by an acrylic acid, a methacrylic acid or its mixtures.

5. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fatty chain allyl ether unit corresponds to the following monomer (I): CH2 = CR'CH2OBnR (I) wherein R / designates H or CH3, B designates the ethyleneoxy radical, n is zero, or designates an integer ranging from 1 to 100, R denotes a hydrocarbon radical selected from the alkyl, cycloalkyl radicals, comprising from 8 to 30 carbon atoms.

6. Composition according to claim 5, characterized in that the hydrocarbon radical is alkyl and comprises from 10 to 24 carbon atoms.

Composition according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that in formula (I), R 'designates H, n is equal to 10 and R denotes a stearyl radical.

8. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anionic polymer is formed by emulsion polymerization of from 20 to 60% by weight of acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid, from 5 to 60% by weight of acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid, from 5 to 60% by weight of fatty chain allyl ether of formula (I), and from 0 to 1% by weight of a crosslinking agent .

9. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anionic amphiphilic polymer is a crosslinked polymer comprising 40% by weight of methacrylic acid, 50% by weight of ethyl acrylate, 10% by weight of polyethylene glycol ( 10 OE) stearyl alcohol ether (Steareth 10).

10. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dye precursors by oxidation are chosen from the ortho- or para-aminophenols, and the heterocyclic bases, as well as the addition salts of these compounds with an acid.

11. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oxidation dye precursors are present in concentrations ranging from 0.0005 to 12% by weight with respect to the total weight of the composition.

Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the couplers are chosen from meta-phenylene diamines, meta-aminophenols, heterocyclic couplers and addition salts of these compounds -, c with an acid.

13. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the couplers are present in concentrations ranging between 0.0001 and 10% by weight 20 in relation to the total weight of the composition.

14. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the addition salts with an acid of the 25 oxidation dye precursors and copulators are chosen from hydrochlorides, hydrobromides, sulfates, tartrates, lactates and acetates.

15. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it also contains direct dyes.

16. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it also contains at least one cationic or amphoteric substantive polymer.

17. Composition according to claim 16, characterized in that the polymer is a polyammonium quaternary polymer constituted by recurring units corresponding to the following formula (V): CH-, CH,

18. Composition according to claim 16, characterized in that the polymer is a polyammonium quaternary polymer constituted by recurring motifs corresponding to the following formula (VI): CH3 C2H5 _N + _ (CH2) 3_N + _ (CH2) 3J_ (VI) I Br "I CH3 C2H5

9. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it also contains at least one reducing agent, present in amounts ranging between 0.05 and 3% by weight with respect to the total weight of the composition.

20. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, ready for use, characterized in that it also contains an oxidizing agent.

21. Composition according to claim 20, characterized in that it has a pH ranging between 4 and 11.

22. Composition according to claim 20, characterized in that the oxidizing agent is chosen from hydrogen peroxide, urea peroxide, bromates and alkali metal ferricyanides, and persalts.

23. Composition according to claims 20 or 22, characterized in that the oxidizing agent is a solution of hydrogen peroxide whose titre varies from 2.5 to 40 volumes.

24. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anionic amphiphilic polymers including at least one hydrophilic unit, and at least one coarse chain allyl ether unit, are used in an amount ranging between 0.05 and 10% by weight of the total weight of the composition applied on the fibers and even more preferably between 0.2 and 5%.

25. Dyeing process for keratin fibers and in particular for human keratin fibers such as hair, characterized in that it consists of applying a dye composition (Al) to the fibers as defined in any one of claims 1 to 19, and in revealing the color in an alkaline, neutral or acidic medium with the aid of an oxidizing agent that is added just at the time of use in this composition (Al) or that is present in a composition (Bl) applied sequentially without clarified intermediary.

26. Dyeing process for keratin fibers and in particular human keratin fibers such as hair, characterized in that it consists of applying to the fibers at least one dyeing composition (A2) containing an appropriate medium for dyeing, at least one dye precursor by oxidation and optionally one or more couplers, in the presence or absence of an anionic amphiphilic polymer including at least one hydrophilic unit, and at least one fatty chain allyl ether unit, and in revealing the color in an alkaline medium, neutral or acid with the aid of an oxidizing composition (B2) containing an oxidizing agent and an effective amount of at least one anionic amphiphilic polymer including at least one hydrophilic unit, and at least one allyl ether unit of grsa chain, and which is mixed just at the time of use of the composition (A2) or which is applied sequentially without intermediate rinse.

27. Multi-compartment device or "kit" for dyeing keratin fibers and in particular human keratin fibers such as hair, characterized in that it comprises at least two compartments, one of which includes a composition (Al) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 19, and another a composition (Bl) comprising an oxidizing agent in a medium suitable for dyeing.

28. Multi-compartment device or "kit" for dyeing keratin fibers and in particular human keratic fibers such as hair, characterized in that it includes at least two compartments, of which one of them includes a com, position (A ") and another one composition (B2) as defined in claim 26.

29. Use of an oxidation dye composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 24 or of a multi-compartment dyeing or "kit" as defined in claim 27 or 28, for dyeing by oxidation of human kerastin fibers such as hair.