MXPA97005901A - Emulsion of asfa - Google Patents
Emulsion of asfaInfo
- Publication number
- MXPA97005901A MXPA97005901A MXPA/A/1997/005901A MX9705901A MXPA97005901A MX PA97005901 A MXPA97005901 A MX PA97005901A MX 9705901 A MX9705901 A MX 9705901A MX PA97005901 A MXPA97005901 A MX PA97005901A
- Authority
- MX
- Mexico
- Prior art keywords
- group
- asphalt
- component
- asphalt emulsion
- weight
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 263
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 259
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 159
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- -1 salts hydroxycarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000000996 additive Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 125000004432 carbon atoms Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 49
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000001804 emulsifying Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- VXMKYRQZQXVKGB-CWWHNZPOSA-N Tannin Chemical class O([C@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]2OC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)O[C@H]([C@H]2O)O1)O)C(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 VXMKYRQZQXVKGB-CWWHNZPOSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004435 hydrogen atoms Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrogallol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzohydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002462 imidazolines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N Tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940033123 Tannic Acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940074391 Gallic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940079877 Pyrogallol Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000004515 gallic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960004337 hydroquinone Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960001755 resorcinol Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- UPMFZISCCZSDND-JJKGCWMISA-M Sodium gluconate Chemical compound [Na+].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O UPMFZISCCZSDND-JJKGCWMISA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940005574 Sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 19
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 47
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 36
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 31
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 29
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- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 29
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 29
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 19
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- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 14
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 9
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxane Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000004429 atoms Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N HCl Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-YOLKTULGSA-N Maltose Natural products O([C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@H]1CO)[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-YOLKTULGSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 4
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- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reduced Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000392 somatic Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004433 nitrogen atoms Chemical group N* 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-4,5-dimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)[C@@H](COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)O[C@@H]2COC)OC)O[C@@H]1COC LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011384 asphalt concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
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- YJISHJVIRFPGGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[5-[3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyloxane-3,4-diol Chemical compound O1C(CO)C(OC)C(O)C(O)C1OCC1C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O2)O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(C)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 YJISHJVIRFPGGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an additive composition for an asphalt emulsion, characterized in that it comprises (B) a polyphenolic compound and at least one member selected from the group consisting of (C) anionic polymeric dispersants, hydroxycarboxylic acids and water soluble salts hydroxycarboxylic acids and (D) saccharides, sugar alcohols and polyhydric alcohols
Description
ASPHALT EMULSION
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an additive composition for an asphalt emulsion, to an asphalt emulsion composition and an emulsifying composition that is used in the preparation of an asphalt emulsion; an oil-in-water type asphalt emulsion; a paving composition comprising aggregate and an oil-in-water type asphalt emulsion; and a process for the preparation of the aforementioned composition for emulsification. The asphalt emulsion according to the present invention is excellent in its stability as an emulsion and mixing capacity with the aggregate, and it is easy to control its decomposition time, and the products (mainly asphalt) of decomposition of the emulsion are excellent in its adhesion to the aggregate. In addition, constructions made using the emulsion are excellent in their resistance to detachment or drag. Other asphalt emulsions according to the present invention are used for mixing with aggregate in a preparation plant or in the place of use in the use of mixtures of uniform size, dense mixtures REF: 25239, sealing pastes, sand mixtures , regenerated mixtures and others, being excellent in their stability as emulsion, mixing capacity with aggregate and mixing capacity with cement, being easy to control the time of decomposition of the same, and the products of decomposition of the emulsion
(mainly asphalt are excellent in their adherence to crushed stone.) Furthermore, constructions, such as pavement, made with the use of these emulsions are excellent in their resistance, durability and resistance to detachment or drag.
DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED TECHNIQUES The bituminous materials obtained from petroleum, for example, asphalt, tar and tar have been widely used for a long time as paving material, waterproofing material and as an adhesive as well as in the construction of railroads. However, bituminous materials have a very low processing capacity when using such materials, due to their extremely adhesive nature. Therefore, bituminous materials are used after having increased their flowability by means such as heating (i.e., thermal melting process), treatment in the form of emulsion using a suitable emulsifying agent and water, and dissolving in a solvent adequate, to achieve an adequate processing capacity. Among such emulsions of bituminous materials, aqueous asphalt emulsions are generally referred to as "asphalt emulsions". Such asphalt emulsions are classified in principle into fast-decomposing emulsions (ie emulsions for application) that are applied directly to the target surface and slowly decomposing emulsions (ie, emulsions for blends) that are mixed with aggregate. While the surfactant to be used in the preparation of an asphalt emulsion is suitably selected from anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, nonionic surfactants and amphoteric surfactants, the type thereof is generally determined depending on the process of its realization. Among the aforementioned asphalt emulsions, an emulsion for mixing is mixed with the aggregate, a filler and other components. The asphalt composition prepared in this way is used for the construction of road pavements. The so-called "breaking" of the emulsion is caused by the evaporation and removal of aqueous components in the composition, after the completion of the road using an asphalt composition. For this reason, the asphalt is hardened to complete the pavement construction of a road. In addition, the type of paving of a road to be achieved and the characteristics and performance thereof vary depending on the type of aggregate to be used together with said emulsion to achieve the mixture. For example, an asphalt composition (mixture of uniform sizes) comprising an emulsion for mixing and an aggregate of uniform dimensions is used in the realization of the upper and lower layers, or in the execution of the surface drains. For the production of the upper or surface layer, an asphalt composition (dense quality) is used, comprising an emulsion for mixing and aggregates of dense type. In addition, a composition prepared by mixing an emulsion for mixing with a fine aggregate or filler material is used as a sealing paste for the purpose of restoring a deteriorated pavement area, and a composition (sand mixture) prepared by mixing the same with sand to form a simple surface layer. It also proceeds to the mixing of an emulsion to combine with crushed pavement (recovered mixture), for the reuse of deteriorated and existing pavement.
Meanwhile, the mixing process for preparing said asphalt compositions comprises two processes, i.e. mixing in the plant and mixing at the application site, and these are used appropriately depending on the conditions.
In the realization of a road using an asphalt emulsion to combine, the asphalt regenerated by decomposition of the asphalt emulsion adheres to the aggregate to act as a binder between the aggregate, for which reason the resistance and duration of the pavement of the road is manifested . However, as described above, an asphalt emulsion to combine contains a surfactant. An emulsion containing, among the surfactants, an anionic surfactant or a nonionic surfactant has a significant disadvantage in that the products, mainly asphalt, of decomposition of the emulsion have little adhesion to the aggregate, although the emulsion has the advantage of showing a good mixing capacity with the aggregate. On the other hand, a cationic surfactant accelerates the adherence of the asphalt particles to the aggregate by the electric forces of attraction thereof. However, the paving of a road made by the use of an asphalt emulsion containing a cationic surfactant also shows unsatisfactory characteristics of strength and duration. Therefore, it has become common belief that the paving of a road made by the use of an asphalt emulsion has reduced strength and duration. Although the resistance and duration of the paving of a road made by the use of a bitumen emulsion are manifested, as described above, by the adherence of asphalt to the aggregate, the strength and duration of the pavement of a road that is manifest by the use of a usual asphalt emulsion are insufficient, and it is necessary to take improvement measures by which you can get a m .; r r resistance and duration.
Additionally, it is necessary for an asphalt emulsion to combine to have a behavior such that the stability of the emulsion is excellent when forced mechanical agitation is carried out, which does not cause separation (i.e. decomposition of the emulsion does not occur). emulsion) during operations such as transport, distribution and tampering, which is separated (ie, the emulsion decomposes) at a somewhat elevated speed after paving, that the decomposition product of the emulsion is excellent in its adhesion to the aggregate, and that these different characteristics are not affected by the type of aggregate, atmospheric temperature at the time of execution and other similar. As measures satisfying these requirements, it has been proposed to use a large amount of an emulsifier (surfactant), the use of many types of emulsifiers, and the addition of a water soluble organic polymer, for example, polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, methylcellulose, polyacrylamide or gum agar, to an asphalt emulsion as a protective colloid. The asphalt emulsion is stabilized when carrying out said technical measures. However, when carrying out said technical measures, the effect of adhesion of the products is obtained, which mainly comprises asphalt decomposition of the emulsion in the aggregate, which is improved in an essential manner by improving the interface characteristics between the aggregate and the aggregate. asphalt.
Various methods have been proposed for the improvement of the various characteristics of an asphalt emulsion in addition to those described above. For example, the use of an aminated lignin, an alkyliminazoline compound and a nonionic emulsifier (see US Pat. No. 3,871,893), the use of a fatty acid salt of an alkylaryloline compound ( see US Patent No. 3,979,323), and that of a specific non-ionic emulsifier (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 7-118538) to improve the mixing ability of an asphalt emulsion with aggregate and the adhesion characteristics. of the decomposition products of the emulsion with respect to the aggregate. Through these techniques, the mixing capacity of a bitumen emulsion with the aggregate is improved. Even when said asphalt emulsion is used, however, the adhesion of asphalt to the aggregate and the resistance to detachment or dragging of the pavement made are insufficient due to the intervention of the water. For this reason, the pavement does not show sufficient strength and duration, only by means of selection of the surfactant. In addition, Japanese Patent Laid-A No. Sho 57-42763 and U.S.A. N °. 3,867,162 disclose the use of a saturated fatty acid and the use of a fatty acid of resinous oil as a residue of a paper manufacture ("tall oil"), respectively. However, an asphalt emulsion containing said organic acid can not be used in the case where ferrous cement or slag is used, which has a basic character.
Furthermore, it can not be expected in the current circumstances in which there is a fear of the decrease in the quality of road or aggregate asphalt and, on the other hand, the use of recovered materials will be extended, as will the excellent mixing capacity of the emulsion with an aggregate and the firm adhesion of the components, such as asphalt, in the decomposition products of the emulsion in the aggregate manifest themselves in the use of an asphalt emulsion containing said organic acid. It has been described in Japanese Patent Publication No. A. Sho 63-17960 that by allowing an emulsion of asphalt to contain tannic acid or a tannin compound, the ability to mix the emulsion with the aggregate, the adhesion d, for example, asphalt to the aggregate, and the resistance to detachment or drag The pavement that has been made with the use of the emulsion is improved, and prolonging the decomposition time of the emulsion. In an asphalt emulsion containing tallow-diamine alkyl propylene, tallow alkyl alkyl propylene diamine polyoxyethylene or stearyltrimethylammonium chloride which is a cationic surfactant, which is described in the previous publication, the delay in the decomposition time is definitely obtained by the addition of tannic acid. However, even in this case, the decomposition time is still too short for the use of the asphalt emulsion as an emulsion for combination. Further, when the tannic acid or a tannin compound should be contained in an asphalt emulsion containing a nonionic surfactant such as polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether or an anionic surfactant such as sodium oleate, the adhesion of the components such as asphalt in the products d the decomposition of the emulsion in the aggregate decreases markedly, and therefore, sufficient strength and durability of a pavement can not be obtained, although the mixing capacity of the emulsion with the aggregate is improved. As described above, no asphalt emulsion to be used for the preparation of a composition has been disclosed (eg, a uniform size mixture, a dense mixture, a sealing paste, a sand mixture or a recovered mixture) to pave a road comprising an emulsion of asphalt for combination and an aggregate that satisfies all the characteristics including the stability of the emulsion, mixing capacity with the aggregate, ease of control of the decomposition time, adherence of the products of decomposition of the same to crushed stone, and resistance to drag, resistance and duration of the pavement made by the use of the emulsion, so that the current development has been highly desired and expected.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The inventors have extensively studied the solution of the aforementioned problems relating to asphalt emulsions. As a result of such studies, the inventors have discovered that by adding a polyphendyl compound which acts not only as a protective colloid of the asphalt particles in an asphalt emulsion but also shows adhesion affinity for the aggregate, and a dispersant for inorganic materials such as clay, pulverized stone and cement and / or a water-supporting component to an aqueous emulsifying solution used for the emulsion of asphalt, a synergistic effect is achieved between them, and the stability of the emulsion, the ability to mix with the aggregate and the capacity of mixing with cement of said asphalt emulsion, the adherence of the products, such as asphalt, coming from the decomposition of the emulsion in the aggregate, and the resistance to drag and resistance of the pavement made with the use of the emulsion. The present invention has been achieved based on said discovery. For this reason, the first embodiment of the present invention relates to a composition of an additive for an asphalt emulsion comprising (B) a polyphenolic compound, at least one element selected from the group consisting of (C) anionic polymer dispersants, hydroxycarboxylic acids and water-soluble salts of hydroxycarboxylic acids and (D) saccharides, sugar alcohols and polyhydric alcohols and, optionally, (A) an emulsifier . In addition, the second embodiment of the present invention relates to an asphalt emulsion comprising asphalt, water, (A) an emulsifier, (B) a polyphenolic compound and at least one element selected from the group consisting of (C) dispersants anionic polymers, hydroxycarboxylic acids and water soluble salts of hydroxycarboxylic acids and (D) saccharides, sugar alcohols and polyhydric alcohols. The asphalt emulsion of the second embodiment of the present invention comprises an asphalt emulsion characterized by containing (A) an emulsifier, (B) a polyphenolic compound and one or more compounds selected from (C) anionic polymer dispersants or hydroxycarboxylic acids or salts water-soluble thereof, and / or (D) saccharides, sugar alcohols and polyhydric alcohols, as essential components. In addition, the third embodiment of the present invention relates to a paving composition that is used, for example, for road paving, comprising an aggregate and the asphalt emulsion of the second embodiment of the present invention. The fourth embodiment of the present invention relates to the use of the additive composition for an asphalt emulsion according to the first embodiment for preparing an asphalt emulsion. The fifth embodiment of the present invention relates to an emulsifying composition comprising water, (A) an emulsifier, (B) a polyphenolic compound, and at least one element selected from the group consisting of (C) anionic, acidic polymeric dispersants. hydroxycarboxylic acids and water soluble salts of hydroxycarboxylic acids and (D) saccharides, sugar alcohols and polyhydric alcohols.
The emulsifying composition of the fifth embodiment of the present invention may also contain a monobasic acid. The sixth embodiment of the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of the emulsifying composition of the fifth embodiment of the present invention containing the components (C) and (D), which comprises phase 1 of adding a mixture of the component (A) and of the component (D) to an aqueous solution of the somponent (B) to prepare an aqueous solution and the phase 2 of adding an aqueous solution of the component (C) to the obtained solution. The seventh embodiment of the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of the emulsifying composition of the fifth embodiment of the present invention, containing the components (C) and (D) and a monobasic acid, comprising the phase 1 of adding a monobasic acid to an aqueous solution the component (B) to prepare an aqueous acidic solution, the phase 2 of adding a mixture of the component (A) and the component (D) to the aqueous acidic solution to prepare an aqueous solution, and phase 3 of adding an aqueous solution of the component (C) to the aqueous solution obtained.
The eighth embodiment of the present invention relates to a process for emulsifying asphalt in water, comprising the addition of molten asphalt to the emulsifying composition of the fifth embodiment of the present invention to prepare a mixture, and then emulsifying the mixture. The ninth embodiment of the present invention relates to the use of the emulsifying composition of the fifth embodiment of the present invention for the emulsion of asphalt. In addition, the present inventors have made extensive studies also in asphalt emulsions that are applicable to the case where a particularly high resistance and duration in a paving made with the use of the emulsion is required. As a result of said studies, the present inventors have discovered that by adding (A) as, at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of specific aliphatic amines, aminated lignins, imidazolines having a hydrocarbon group having 7 or more, preferably, or more carbon atoms, betaines having a hydrocarbon group having 7 or more, preferably 8 or more, carbon atoms and aminobetaines having a hydrocarbon group having 7 or more, preferably 8 or more, carbon atoms, (B ) a polyphenolic compound and, optionally, at least one element selected from the group consisting of (C) anhydric polymer dispersants, hydroxycarboxylic acids and water soluble salts of hydroxycarboxylic acids and (D) saccharides, sugar alcohols and polyhydric alcohols in the Preparation of an emulsion of asphalt, improving the stability of the emulsion, mixing capacity with the aggregate and capacity of the mixture c In the cement of the asphalt emulsion and ease of control of the decomposition time, the adherence of the components, such as asphalt, in the decomposition products of the emulsion to the crushed stone is likewise improved, and the resistance to the drag or abrasion, resistance and duration of the pavement made with the use of the emulsion. The present invention has been achieved based on this discovery. Thus, the tenth embodiment of the present invention relates to a composition for the asphalt emulsion comprising (Al) at least one element selected from the group consisting of aliphatic amines represented by the following formula (1), aminated lignins, imidazolines having a hydrocarbon group having 7 or more, preferably 8 or more, carbon atoms, betaines having a hydrocarbon group having 7 or more, preferably 8 or more, carbon atoms and amidobetaines having a hydrocarbon group having 7 or more; or more, preferably 8 or more, carbon atoms, and (B) a polyphenelic compound:
Rx N- (A-NR3) p-R4 (1)
wherein R1 is a hydrocarbon group or an acyl group having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms; R2 is a hydrocarbon group having from 8 to 22 d atoms, a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the formula: (A0) m-H [wherein AO represents an oxyalkylene group having from 2 to 3 carbon atoms; and represents a number between 1 and 30]; R3 is a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the formula: (A0) a-H [wherein AO and are those indicated in the above definitions]; R4 is a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the formula: (A0)? - H [wherein AO and m are those of the above definitions]; A is an ethylene group or a propylene group; and p is an integer from 2 to 5. The composition for the asphalt emulsion of the tenth embodiment of the present invention may further contain (C) at least one element selected from the group comprising the anionic polymeric dispersants, hydroxycarboxylic acids < 3 and water-soluble salts of hydroxycarboxylic acids, and / or, (D) at least one element selected from the group consisting of saccharides, sugar alcohols and polyhydric alcohols. In addition, the eleventh embodiment of the present invention relates to an asphalt emulsion comprising asphalt, water and the composition for asphalt emulsion of the eleventh embodiment of the present invention. The asphalt emulsion of the eleventh embodiment of the present invention comprises an asphalt emulsion characterized by containing from 0.01 to 10.0 parts by weight of (A) one or more surfactants selected from the aliphatic amines represented by the following formula ( 1 ') aminated lignins, imidazolines having a hydrocarbon group having 8 or more carbon atoms, betaines having a hydrocarbon group having 8 or more carbon atoms and amidobetaines having a hydrocarbon group having 8 or more carbon atoms and from 0.01 to 5.0 parts by weight of (B) a polyphenolic compound, per 100 parts by weight of the total of 40 to 80 parts by weight of asphalt and 60 to 20 parts by weight of water: RlR2-N- .ANR ') pR4 (1') (wherein R1: represents a hydrocarbon group or an acyl group having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, R2: represents a hydrocarbon group having from 8 to 22 atoms or R3, R3 , R4: represent H or (A0) M, AO: represents an oxalic group kinely having d 2 to 3 carbon atoms, m: represents a number between 1 and 30, A: represents an ethylene group or a propylene group, p: represents a number comprised between 2 and 5). In addition, the twelfth embodiment of the present invention relates to a paving composition that is used, for example, for road paving, comprising aggregate and the asphalt emulsion of the eleventh embodiment of the present invention, so that the amount of the aggregate is from 75 to 95 parts by weight and the amount of the asphalt emulsion is from 25 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the total aggregate and the asphalt emulsion. The thirteenth embodiment of the present invention relates to the use of the composition for asphalt emulsion of the tenth embodiment of the present invention for preparing an asphalt emulsion. The fourteenth embodiment of the present invention relates to a composition for emulsifying comprising water, (Al) at least one element selected from the group consisting of aliphatic amines represented by the above formula (1), aminated lignins, imidazolines having a group hydrocarbon having 7 or more, preferably 8 or more, carbon atoms, betaines having a hydrocarbon group having 7 or more, preferably 8 or more, carbon atoms and amidobetaines having a hydrocarbon group having 7 or more, preferably 8 or more, carbon atoms, and (B) a polyphenolic compound. The emulsifying composition of the fourteenth embodiment of the present embodiment may further contain the above-mentioned components (C) and (D). The fifteenth embodiment the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of the emulsifying composition of the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention containing the components (C) and (D), comprising phase 1 of adding a mixture of component (Al) and component (D) to an aqueous solution of component (B) to prepare an aqueous solution, and phase 2 of adding an aqueous solution of component (C) to the aqueous solution obtained. The sixteenth embodiment of the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of the emulsifying composition of the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention containing the components (C) and (D) and a monobasic acid, comprising phase 1 of adding a monobasic acid to an aqueous solution of the component (B) to prepare an aqueous acid solution, phase 2 of adding a mixture of the component (Al) and the component (D) to the aqueous acidic solution? prepare an aqueous solution, and phase 3 add an aqueous solution of component (C) to the obtained aqueous solution. The seventeenth embodiment of the present invention relates to a process for emulsifying asphalt in water, comprising the addition of molten asphalt to the emulsifying composition of the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention to prepare a mixture and then emulsifying said mixture. The eighteenth embodiment of the present invention relates to the use of the emulsifying composition of the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention to emulsify asphalt.
In addition, the scope and application of the present invention will be clarified from the following Detailed Description and Examples. However, it should be understood that the Detailed Description and Examples which show preferred embodiments of the present invention have been indicated for explanatory purposes only, because different variations and modifications within the scope of the present invention will become apparent to any person skilled in the art. of this Detailed Description.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The component (A) of the present invention may be any cationic, nonionic, anionic and amphoteric surfactant. As emulsifier (A), only one can be used, or it can be a multicomponent system comprising two or more elements. For the preparation of an asphalt emulsion for mixing, it is preferred to use at least one element selected from the group consisting of the cationic and amphoteric surfactants. Examples of the anionic surfactants to be used in the present invention include the following having one or more hydrophilic groups in the molecule: (a) sulfate esters of alcohols having from 4 to 18 carbon atoms, and salts thereof , (b) alean-, alken-, and alkylarylsulphonic acids, having from 4 to 18 carbon atoms, and salts thereof, (c) sulfate esters and phosphate dß alkylene oxide adducts of compounds having as minimum one active hydrogen in the molecule, and salts thereof,
(d) esters of alcohols having from 4 to 22 carbon atoms with sulfosuccinic acid, and salts thereof,
(e) alkyl (Cß-C_ß) diphenyl ether disulfonic acid, and salts of. the same, (f) as acids of rosin (resin acids) and salts thereof, and mixed acids of resinous oil residue of the papermaking which are mixed acids of rosin acids with higher fatty acids, and salts thereof, ( g) alean- and alken- fatty acids, having from 4 to 18 carbon atoms, and salts thereof, and (h) salts of acid esters a-sulfograsos. Examples of the cationic surfactants include salts of alkylamine, alkanolamines, quaternary ammonium salts, amine oxides and polyethylenepolyamines, and adducts of these compounds with ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide which are also included in the examples. In the present invention, it is preferable to use a cationic surfactant in which the number of nitrogen atoms contained in a molecule is large as the emulsifier (A), to satisfy the characteristics required in an emulsion for mixture containing it, such as of mixture with aggregate and ease of control of the decomposition time. Said cationic surfactant is highly polar and therefore has high water retention characteristics, so that the asphalt emulsion containing the surfactant shows a high stability when mixing are arid. Partially preferable is the preparation of the emulsion to mix using said cationic surfactant. The reasons for this are the following. The aggregate to be used to pave a sarretera has a negative serge. Therefore, adding a bitumen emulsion that contains a surfactant catidniso establishes contasto are the surface of the aggregate, the emulsified particles are neutralized eléstrisamente, by his assión the emulsion is decomposed by aggregation and the asphalt adhere to the surface of the aggregate. When a component having a reduced number of nitrogen atoms contained in a molecule, such as monoaraine salts, diamine salts and quaternary ammonium salts, is used in the preparation of an emulsion for mixing, the stability of the emulsion obtained from this way is unsatisfactory and the decomposition of the emulsion based on the mesanism previously mentioned may occur in some cases in a long period of time. It is desir, one can fear the situation in which the decomposition time is too short. On the other hand, the polyamine salts in which the number of nitrogen atoms contained in a molecule is 3 or more show high affinity are water, the sual constitutes a continuous phase of an asphalt emulsion, and does not decompose, that is, not the decomposition of the emulsion takes place, in a short period of time, although it establishes contasto are the aggregate. In addition, after the decomposition of the emulsion and the adhesion of the polyamine salt to the aggregate, characteristics of firm adhesion are observed since it is electrically bound with the aggregate. Accordingly, said polyesters are desirable as surfactants to be used in the preparation of an emulsion for mixing. In the first to ninth embodiments of the present invention, it is particularly preferable to use an aliphatic amine represented by the above formula (1) together with a polyphenolic compound (B) or the like. An asphalt emulsion containing said aliphatic amine and a polyphenolic compound (B) is excellent in its mixing layer with aggregate and the pavement made by the use of said emulsion has an extremely high resistance and hardness. Although the type of surfactants to be used is limited to I03 somponents (A-1) in the tenth to tenth embodiments of the present invention, the aliphatic amine represented by the above formula (1) is one of the components (A-1). Other preferred examples of the cationic surfactants include amine lignins ß imidazolines having a hydrosarbide group having 7 or more, preferably 8 or more, and still more preferably from 8 to 22 sarbono atoms. An emulsion of asphalt containing said cationic surfactant and a polyphenolic solution (B) is exsessive in its mixing capacity with aggregate and the pavement made by using said emulsion has an extremely high strength and duration. While the type of the surfactants to be used is limited to the components (Al) in the tenth to tenth embodiments of the present invention, the aminated lignin and the imidazoline having a hydrosarbide group are 7 or more carbon atoms are each of them one of the components (Al). Among aminated lignins, those represented by the following formula (2) are particularly preferred, while among the imidazolines having a hydrocarbon group having 7 or more carbon atoms, those represented by the following formulas (3) and (4) :
CH, / lignin-CHj-N (2) \ CH3
wherein R represents a hydrocarbon group having from 7 to 22, preferably from 8 to 22, carbon atoms, and
wherein R represents a hydrocarbon group having from 7 to 22, preferably d to 8 to 22, sarbono atoms. The cationic surfactants other than the broth ammonium salts are used in the form of a salt thereof are a monobasic acid such as slurryhydric acid, acetic acid, nitric acid and sulfamic acid. Examples of the amphoteric surfactants include those of betaine type and amidobetaine type, and phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine. Among them, betaines having a hydrocarbon group of 7 or more, preferably 8 or more, and still more preferably 8 to 22 carbon atoms, and amidobetanas having a hydrosarbide group having 7 or more, preferably 8 or more , still more preferably from 8 to 22, sarbono atoms are desirable for the same reasons as those of the satioiso tensoastive acid. Among the betaines having a hydrosarbide group having 7 or more sarbono atoms, those represented by the following formula (5) are particularly preferable, while among the amidobetaines having a hydrosarbide group are 7 or more sarbono atoms, they are particularly preferable those represented by the following formula (6):
wherein R represents a hydrosarbide group having from 7 to 22, or preferably from 8 to 22, sarbono atoms, and
R-CONH- (CH.)
wherein R represents a hydrocarbon group having from 7 to 22, preferably 8 to 22, carbon atoms.
Examples of nonionic surfactants include, polyethylene glycol type surfactants such as those of long chain alsoholes are ethylene oxide, adducts of alkylphenols with ethylene oxide, adducts of fatty acids with ethylene oxide, adducts of esters of polyhydric alcohol / fatty acid are ethylene oxide, adducts of long chain alkylamines with ethylene oxide, adducts of fatty acid amides with ethylene oxide, adducts of fats and oils with ethylene oxide and adducts of propylene glycol with ethylene oxide; and polyhydric alcohol surfactants such as esters of glycerol / fatty acid, esters of pentaerythrol / fatty acid, esters of sorbitol / fatty acid, esters of sorbitan / fatty acid, esters of sasarose / fatty acid, alkyl ethers of polyhydrous andholated alcohols and fatty acid amides of alkanolamines. It is desirable to use, as emulsifier (A), one in which HLB has a value of 10 or greater. In the asphalt emulsion according to the present invention, the component (A) or (Al) is used in an amount preferably of 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 3.0 parts. by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the total asphalt and water. In the polyphenolic compound (B) to be used in the present invention, compounds having hydroxyl groups in a ring or aromatic rings such as a benzene ring in which the number of hydroxyl groups are two or more per molle are included. which includes monocislisos compounds and polysislisos sompuses); substansia prepared by the oxidative polymorphization of composite dishes; and similar. Speci fi c examples thereof include hydrolysable tannins such as walnut tannin, cecidia tannin, sumac tannin, fatsia tannin, walloon tannin, chestnut tannin, dino mirobalan tannin, oak tannin, divinely tannin. divi, and tangaro of algarobia; condensed tannins such as ga bir tannin, quebrazo tannin, mimosa tannin, mangrove tannin, pineapple tannin, fir tannin, Burma sausage tannin, oak bark tannin, platemint tannin; tannin compounds such as rice tannin, cascarin tannin, acacia tannin, "depsid", Chinese tannin, Turkish tannin, hamamstinium tannin, tanric acid tannin and harsh alkaline; purified tannic acids originating from said tannin compounds; polyhydric phenols such as satecol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, pyrogallol, phloroglucinol and gallic acid; gallic acid derivatives; and lignins. In the asphalt emulsion additive composition of the first embodiment of the present invention and an asphalt emulsion and the like which uses it, it is preferable to use as component (B) at least one element selected from the group consisting of tannin, acidic compounds tannin, satesol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, pyrogallol, gallic acid and gallic acid derivatives and it is still more preferable to use at least one element selected from the group that was in tannin, tannic acid and pyrogallol. Although, in the composition for asphalt emulsion of the tenth embodiment of the present invention and an emulsion of asphalt and the like that uses it, it is preferable to use somo somponent (B) as a minimum one element selected from the group consisting of tannin compounds , tannic acid, catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, pirogaiol, gallic acid and galax acid derivatives. In the present invention, if somponente (B), one of them can be used alone or after two or more of them. The sanctity used thereof is preferably from 0.01 to 10.0 parts by weight, more preferably from 0.1 to 3.0 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the total asphalt and water in the asphalt emulsion of the second embodiment of the present invention or the like, and 0.01 to 5.0 parts by weight, still more preferable 0.03 to 4.0 parts by weight, and particularly preferably 0.05 to 3.0 parts by weight is preferable. per 100 parts by weight of the total asphalt and water in the asphalt emulsion of the twentieth embodiment of the present invention or the like.
In the present invention, it is preferable to use a compound in which the percentage of absolute area of the components having a weight-average molecular weight, in the chromatogram, of 2800 or higher is 10 as a pharmaceutics (B). % or less in the distribution of the molecular weight determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) performed after acetylase thereof. This polyphenolic solution can be obtained by fractionating a polyphenolic compound by column chromatography. The method of acetylation of a polyphenol compound and determination of the molecular weight (distribution) of the derivative obtained by GPC is as follows.
Acetylsation procedure A sample of assimilate is the description of the Kobunshi Bunseki Handbook (pages 783-784, published by Kinokuniya Shoten, 1995). That is, 2 g of a sufficiently dry mixture are colosed in a 50 ml Erlenmeyer flask equipped with a polished glass stopper and 10 ml of pyridine and 10 ml of anasic acid anhydride are added to it after cooling to ice to dissolve the sample . At the moment when the generation of heat is interrupted, the flask is covered and after that it is left to rest at room temperature (20 ° C) in a dark place for 12 hours. The contents of the flask are then poured into a container with a 200 ml spout containing 100 ml of ice water to precipitate an acetylate. The precipitate is then recovered by filtering and washing with ice water, being dried with nitrogen and then drying under vacuum at ordinary temperature. In this way, an acetylate is obtained.
Determination conditions by GPC Sample dimensions: 0.5%, 100 mi column: G4000HXL + G2000HXL (product of Tosoh Corporation) eluent 50mM CH3COOH / THF flow 1.0 ml / min column temperature 40 ° detector Rl referensia material polystyrene. As the polyphenols (B), from the point of adherensia thereof to the aggregate, those in which the absolute area percentage of the components having a weight average molecular weight, in the chromatogram, of 2800 or greater, are preferable, it is 10% or less, better 5% or less, 1% or less, in the distribution of moles after asetylation. In addition, those in which the percentage of absolute area of the components having an average molecular weight, in the chromatogram, from 1500 to 2600 is 90% or higher, particularly 95% or higher, in the distribution of the weight of the mixture are preferable. after asethylation. Furthermore, those in which the propionion (Mw / Mn) of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) with respect to the number average molecular weight (Mn) is 1.4 or less, still more 1.3 or less, are preferred. , particularly 1.2 or less, in the distribution of molecular weight after acetylation. The efestos contributed by the adduction of the polyphenolic compound (B) to an asphalt emulsion result from a chemical structure such as a surfactant which has a hydrophobic skeleton and a hydrophilic group (hydroxyl group) simultaneously. By virtue of disha estrustura chimisa, the polyphenolic substance (B) adheres to the surface of an asphalt particle by the functions of wetting and penetration of it, forming a protective layer around the asphalt particle forming a hydrated structure due to many hydroxyl groups. In this way, the asphalt particles are stabilized in the emulsion, so that the emulsion does not cause rapid decomposition even when mixed with an aggregate. In addition, the wet aggregate has hydroxyl groups on its surface and therefore, these hydroxyl groups form hydrogen bonds together with the hydroxyl groups of the polyphenolic compound (B). It is assumed that such hydrogen bonds together with the physical adsorption of the asphalt itself to the aggregate cause the asphalt to adhere to the aggregate firmly. In the present inventionAt least, the selessionate element of the group that consists of polymeric anionic dispersants, hydroxycarboxylic acids, and water-soluble salts of hydroxyarboxylises are used somo somo (C). Examples of the anionized polymeric dispersants to be used in the present invention include naphthalenesulfoniso / formaldehyde condensate, melamine sulfonic acid / formaldehyde condensate, phenolsulfonic acid / formaldehyde acid, polycarboxylic acid polymers and water soluble salts thereof, lignins , "kraut" obtained from trees with needle leaves and broadleaf trees, lignin sulphonic acids and water soluble salts thereof and starches such as tapioca starch. Among them, the ligninsulfonisos and the water-soluble salts, such as Na salts, Ca salts, Mg salts, Zn salts and Al salts, of the ligninsulfonisos acids are preferable. In the present invention, an acidic hydroxyarboxylism or a water soluble salt of the same somative substance (C) can be used instead of these anionic polymeric dispersants or together they are the same. Examples of the hydroxycarboxylic acids include glusoniso acid, glucoxetoniso acid, arabidoacetic acid, malic acid, and muriate sitriso. In them, the water-soluble salt means sodium salt or the like. In the present invention, sodium gluconate is particularly preferably used. In, for example, the asphalt emulsion of the second embodiment of the present invention, the component (C) is used in an amount such that the total of this component (C) and of the component (D) which will be described below is preferably from 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably from 0.01 to 2.0 parts by weight, particularly preferably from 0.05 to 2.0 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the total asphalt and Water. In this case, the amount of component
(C) to be used is also preferably from 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably from 0.01 to 2.0 parts by weight, particularly preferably from 0.05 to 2.0 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of total asphalt and water. On the other hand, for example, in the asphalt emulsion of the eleventh embodiment of the present invention, the component (C) is used in an amount preferably of 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.01. to 2.0 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.05 to 2.0 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the total asphalt and water. When the amount of component (C) or the total amount of components (C) and (D) is too large, the storage stability of the asphalt emulsion will be reduced in some cases. The component (C) is a substance that has been used so far as a dispersant for inorganic materials or cement and is effective in improving the mixing and scattering sapacity layers of pulverized stone, calcium carbonate and cement that are used as aggregates or arsilla type twill materials. The somponent (D) of the present invention is at least one element selected from the group consisting of saccharides, sugar alcohols and polyhydric alcohols. Examples of the sasarides to be used in the present invention are monosaccharides and disaccharides such as glucose, maltose, fructose, galactose, sucrose and isomerized sasáridos; oligosarides such as dextrin; and polysaccharides such as dextran. In addition, molasses comprising them are also included within the saccharides of the present invention. An example of sugar alcohol includes sorbitol. The polyhydric alcohol can be any as long as it has two or more hydroxyl groups in the molecule and is dissolved in water, including polyethylene glycol, glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyglycerol and diethylene glycol are included among the examples. When polyethylene glycol is used in the present invention, those having an average molecular weight of 200 to 5000 are preferred. As component (D) which is used in the additive coraposission for the asphalt emulsion of the first embodiment of the present invention and In an emulsion of asphalt or a composition for emulsifying containing it, a member selected from the group consisting of sorbitol, glycerol and polyethylene glycols with an average molecular weight of 200 to 5000 is preferable, at least one is more preferable selected element that was in sorbitol, glycerol and polyethylene glycols having an average molecular weight of 200 to 800 and glycerol is particularly preferred. On the other hand, as component (D) which is used in the additive composition for an asphalt emulsion according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention and in an asphalt emulsion or an emulsifying composition containing it, at least one element is preferable. selected from the group consisting of maltose, sasarose, sorbitol, glycerol and polyethylene glycols with an average molecular weight of 200 to 5000, a member selected from the group consisting of sorbitol, polyethylene glycols having an average molecular weight is even more preferred. from 200 to 5000 and glycerol is still more preferred, with polyethylene glycol being most preferred having an average molecule weight of 200 to 800. For example, in the asphalt emulsion of the second embodiment of the present invention, the (D) is used in a sanctity such that the total of this component (D) and the component (C) described above is preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 2.0 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.05 to 2.0 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the total asphalt and water. In this case, the amount of component (D) to be used is preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, still more preferably 0.05 to 2.0 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the total asphalt and water.
On the other hand, in, for example, the asphalt emulsion of the eleventh embodiment of the present invention, the component (D) is used in an amount preferably of 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0, 05 to 2, 0 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the total asphalt and water. When the quantity of the component (D) or the total amount of the components (C) and (D) is too large, the adherence of the asphalt to the aggregate will be reduced, so that the strength and duration of the pavement made with the use of said emulsion of asphalt will decrease. In the paving composition, the component (D) may contain water that serves as a lubricant and is therefore effective in increasing the lubricity between solid particles (aggregate). In other words, the component (D) contributes to increasing the flow layering in the paving sompositions of the third and twelfth embodiments of the present invention. Accordingly, when the component (D) exists, the mixing capacity of the asphalt emulsion with the aggregate can be ensured and therefore, the handling capacity of the aforementioned paving composition can be maintained, even in severe condiions of high atmospheric temperatures.
The additive composition for asphalt emulsions and the composition for asphalt emulsion of the present invention are used in the preparation of an asphalt emulsion. The additive composition for asphalt emulsion of the first embodiment of the present invention comprises the components (B), (C) and (D) as essential components and the emulsifier (A). The additive composition for asphalt emulsion is used as an emulsifier, water and asphalt to follow an asphalt emulsion, regardless of whether it contains the emulsifier (A) or not. Alternatively, when the additive bitumen for asphalt emulsion is the emulsifier (A), an addional emulsifier may not be added in the preparation of an asphalt emulsion. On the other hand, the composition for asphalt emulsion of the tenth embodiment of the present invention comprises the components (A-1) and (B) as essential components and optional β-β the somponents (C) and (D). This somposison for asphalt emulsion is used together with water and asphalt to follow an asphalt emulsion. Of course, another emulsifier can also be added. The concepts of the additive composition for asphalt emulsion and the composition for asphalt emulsion of the present invention comprise sets or "kits" in which their constituents are packaged accordingly, and the like. In the preparation of the asphalt emulsions, it is preferable to use the emulsifying compositions of the fifth and fourteenth embodiments of the present invention, although it is assumed that the somatic elements between the som (A) [or (Al)] are respectively dissolved in water to achieve aqueous solutions, and the asphalt is emulsified by using said aqueous solutions, suitably. In these compositions for emulsification, all the somponents except asphalt can be blended between the somponents of an asphalt emulsion and, therefore, asphalt emulsions can easily be prepared by using these compounds. When these compounds for emulsification contain a cationic surfactant such as those of the amine type, the sompositioning for emulsification may contain, in some cases, a monobasic acid which makes it to be of the asido type. The formulation for emulsification can be prepared by adding the components to water successively or by preliminary preparation of a mixture of the components to be added to the water and adding the mixture to the water. When used as emulsifier (A) [or (Al)], a cationic surfactant other than quaternary ammonium salt surfactant and / or amphoteric surfactant, it is preferable that the emulsifying compositions are prepared by the processes of the sixth, seventh , desimoquinta and desimosexta of the present invention such somo has been discussed previously. Still more preferable examples of the processes for preparing the composition for emulsifying the present invention include a proselyte (1), which comprises (1) preparation of an asuous solution of component (B),
(2) addition of a monobasic acid such as slurry-hydrous acid to the aqueous solution of component (B), (3) adding a separately prepared mixture that sompedes the somponent (D) and a cationic surfactant and / or an amphoteric surfactant [component ( A) or (Al)] to the aqueous solution prepared in step (2), and (4) admission of an aqueous solution prepared separately from component (C) to the aqueous solution prepared in step (3); and a process [method (2)] comprising (1) preparation of the aqueous solution containing the components (B) and (C), (2) addition of a monobasic acid such as hydrochloric acid to the aqueous solution prepared in the phase (1), and (3) addition of a separately prepared mixture comprising the component (D) and a cationic surfactant and / or an amphoteric surfactant [component (A) or (Al)] to the aqueous solution prepared in the (2) . The temperatures when these procedures are carried out are preferably 60 to 80 ° C. In addition, the composition for emulsification preferably has a solids content of 40 to 60% by weight. When the composition for emulsification is prepared by this process, a homogeneous composition of solution type can be obtained. In the previous processes (1) and (2), element (2) can be dispensed with, depending on the type of surfactant used. While particularly appropriate selection between the above procedures (1) and (2) is unnecessary, the use of the method (1) is preferable in the case where a solid surfactant that can be converted to liquid by changing such conditions as temperature and consentration, for example, an adduct of a solid amine with an alkylene oxide, somo emulsifier (A) [or (Al)] is used. However, the use of the prosediment (2) is preferable in the case where the emulsifier (A) [or (A-1)] is a solid emulsifier difficult to mix with water, for example, a tallow alkyl dialkylenetriamine. When a nonionic surfactant is used, an anionic surfactant or a surfactant of the type of a quaternary ammonium salt as an emulsifier (A) [or (Al)] instead of or together are the cationic tensoast and / or the anionic surfactant, You can add in one phase of procedures (1) and (2). In addition, it is preferable to prepare an emulsifying composition comprising the components (A), (B) and (C) by a process comprising phase 1 of adding the component (A) to an aqueous solution of the somponent (B) to prepare an aqueous solution and phase 2 of adding an aqueous solution of component (C) to the aqueous solution obtained, or a process comprising phase 1 of adding a monobasic acid to an aqueous solution of component (B) to prepare an aqueous solution phase, phase 2 of adding the component (A) to the asuosa acid solution to prepare an asuosa solusión, and the phase 3 of adding an asuosa solusión of the somponente
(C) to the fuzzy dissolution obtained. In addition, it is preferable to prepare an emulsifying composition comprising the components (A), (B) and
(D) by means of a process comprising the step of adding a mixture of component (A) and component (D) to an aqueous solution of component (B) to prepare an aqueous solution, or a process comprising the phase 1 of adding a monobasic acid to an aqueous solution of the somponent (B) to prepare an acidic asuosa solution and the phase 2 of adding a mixture of the component (A) and the component (D) to the aqueous acidic solution to prepare a aqueous solution. Examples of the asphalts to be used in the present invention include a direct petroleum asphalt, semi-blown asphalt ("ssmi-blown"), fluidized asphalt ("cut-bask") and natural asphalt. One or a mixture of two or more of them is used in the preparation of an asphalt emulsion according to the present invention. The asphalt emulsion can be prepared by asphalt emulsion in one of the aqueous solutions containing respectively the necessary components between the above components (A) [or (A-1)], (B), (C) and (D) or an aqueous solution (for example, the somposission for emulsifying of agreement are the present invention) that spans the totality of somersaus somatic dishes. Some of the somponents are not used in the form of asuosa solussion of them but in their own state. For example, the polyphenolic surfactant (B) can be preliminarily dissolved in an aqueous solution of the emulsifier (A) or it can be added in its own form to an asphalt emulsion prepared by asphalt emulsion in an aqueous solution of the emulsifier (A). Although the asphalt emulsion can be prepared only with the water that results from the aqueous solutions in some cases, the asphalt emulsion can be prepared by adding water as needed. In the asphalt emulsion of the second embodiment according to the present invention, the weight ratio of the asphalt to water (asphalt / water) is preferably from 35 to 90/65 to 10. In the asphalt emulsion of the eleventh embodiment of the present invention, the weight ratio of asphalt to water (asphalt / water) is preferably 40 to 80/60 to 20. The asphalt emulsion of the present invention may also contain a natural rubber, a synthetic rubber, such as a diestyrene-butadiene copolymer, a styrene-isoprene copolymer and a chloroprene copolymer; a polymer such as polyethylene and an ethylene-vinyl acetate solvent; a petroleum resin, thermoplastic resin or the like. In some cases, somatic dishes can be mixed preliminarily with asphalt. These mixtures are called modified asphalts. In addition, the asphalt emulsion may also contain, for example, inorganic and organic fillers such as salic sarbonate, slaked lime, semento and astivated sarbon; oil diluting agents; vegetable oil diluents, various plasticizers, sulfur and the like. The paving of a road or the like is carried out by the use of a paving composition comprising the emulsion of asphalt and the aggregate. The concept of aggregate to be used in the present invention includes natural aggregates such as fillers, crushed stone, crushed gravel, gravel, sand and reclaimed aggregates; as well as artifisial aggregates such as calcined bauxite, hard thickened essials obtained by subproducts in the fusion of metals or non-metals, molten alumina and various abrasive materials.
The aggregate soncept also comprises dyes colorasion aggregates which are solid solids aggregates prepared by kiln treatment of natural aggregates or artifisial aggregates; and solor aggregates prepared by addition of inorganic pigments thereto. The twill material has a soncept that refers to crushed stone of limestone or igneous rocks, cement, extinguished salt, flying senizas or similar. Crushed stone is a material produced by grinding raw rock mechanically and, if necessary, subjecting the obtained particles to size sizing. The rough rock is in this case an igneous rock, a sedimentary rock or metamorphic rock. Igneous roses are slasified in basaltic rocks, andesite, liparite, diabase, quartz porphyria, "hankigan", diorite, granite and the like, based on the form of deposit and content of silica. The concept of sedimentary rocks includes tuff ( "tuff"), agglomerates, conglomerates, shales, limestone and the like, while in metamorphic rocks 3SS include mylonite, sorneanas roses ( "hornfels"), gneiss, schist sristalinos and the like. Crushed gravel is a material produced by crushing pebbles or gravel, while the concept of gravel includes gravel from the river, gravel from gravel, beach gravel and the like. The sands are classified into natural sands, artificial sands, screening wastes, thickened sands and the like. The natural sands are slasifisan in river sands, sands of sand, sand of beach and similars, being based on the place of their resogida. The sand is artifisial triturasión produsido by rocks or boulders material, while residues screening refer to materials having a fine particle diameter of 2.36 mm or less obtained in the production of crushed stone or crushed gravel. The concept of special sand comprises siliceous sand, slag from blast furnaces crushed in water, slínker ash and the like. The sonsepto aggregate of resuperación comprises aggregates recovery asphalt concrete produced by mecánisa crushing or thermal cracking of materials originating in paving of asphalt concrete, and aggregates recovery dß concrete cement produced by mechanical comminution of materials from concrete pavements dß cement. To these resuperated aggregates, an auxiliary material or an additive for recovery is added if necessary. The ferrous slag is essoria prepared by trituraion of essoria produsida in the proseso of fabrisasión of iron and asero. It slasifisa in essoria blast furnace obtained from blast furnace melting in the obtension Prosesa raw iron, and essorias of fabrisasión of asero produsidas in Prosesa fabrisasión of asero. In general, ferrous hydraulic slags with controlled granulometry, ferrous slags with controlled granulometry, ferrous slag or similar slag are used for road paving. In the present invention, the weight ratio of the aggregate to the asphalt emulsion, (aggregate / asphalt emulsion) is preferably 75 to 95/25 to 5. In the preparation of the paving compositions that are used, example, for paving a road, comprising bitumen emulsion and aggregate, at least one selecsionado element group sonsiste soluble inorganic salts such as ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, cálsiso chloride, sloruro of aluminum and iron slurry; water-soluble polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, hydroxyethylcellulose, methylcellulose and cationic starch; and natural water-soluble gums can be used additionally, depending on the use and purpose of the composition, the method of execution or the like. In addition, additional water can be added when this is insufficient by the use of water only resulting from the asphalt emulsion. As described in detailed formOf asuerdo are present invension an asphalt emulsion satisfase all dß the saracteristicas required in the market, for example, storage stability, capasidad mixing with aggregates and caracteristisas antifoam emulsion itself adherensia of produstos of Disposition of the emulsion in the aggregate, resistance to detachment or dragging of the construssion carried out are utilization of the emulsion and others, can be achieved. Particularly when an asphalt emulsion in which a especifiso emulsifier used is used, these are also exselentes in sapasidad of mezsla are semento and fasilidad of sontrol time dessomposisión of the emulsion itself, adherensia of produstos of dessomposición of emulsion to the crushed stone, and resistance and duration of the construction (such as paving a road) made by using the emulsion. This asphalt emulsion can be used effectively in uses such as road paving, railway construction, asphalt cement mortar, corrosion prevention, prevention of oxidation, waterproofing, agglomeration, recovery and similar agricultural lands.
EXAMPLES The present invention will be illustrated in more detail with reference to the following Examples, although the Examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative examples 10 to 17
Preparation of an asphalt emulsion A bitumen with a penetration of 80 to 100 was heated to 145 ° C for fusion. Separately, the components that should be added to an asphalt emulsion according to Table 1 6 2 were dissolved in hot water. 45 ° C to prepare an asuosa solution. 40 parts by weight of the aqueous solution prepared in this way for emulsion of 45 ° C and 60 parts by weight of a molten asphalt of 145 ° C were simultaneously passed through a harrel-type homogenizer to prepare an asphalt emulsion. Only when an amine-type surfactant (ie, tallow alkyl propylene diamine) was used, the pH of the aqueous emulsion solution was adjusted to 2 using anhydrous slurry. With respect to the asphalt emulsions prepared in this way, the stability of the masking, the mixing of the mixture with cement and the mixing layer with aggregate, as well as the adhesion of the products of their decomposition to crushed stone were examined. The results are indicated in Tables 1 and 2. The test methods are those described below.
Test methods (1) Storage stability of the emulsion The storage stability of an emulsion was examined according to JIS K 2208 (1980). Specifically, the experiment was carried out in the following way. 1) 250 ml of a sample was weighed into a cylinder with an internal diameter of 32 mm and a height of 340 mm and provided with two sampling openings on the side; and the cylinder is serrated and left to stand at room temperature for 5 days. 2) About 50 g of the sample are withdrawn through the upper sampling opening A without stirring the cylinder, followed by heavy exasperation. 3) The sample present between sampling openings A and B is displaced by the lower sampling opening B. 4) The sample remaining at the bottom of the cylinder is agitated; and after that, about 50 g of the sample is removed through sampling aperture B, followed by exact weighing. 5) The samples extracted in phases 2) and 4) are heated for a time of 20 to 30 minutes.
6) After the disappearance of the water has been confirmed, the samples are heated to 160 ° C for one minute and afterwards they are cooled to room temperature leaving them to rest, 7) The mass percentage is determined (with reference to the evaporation residue) of the residue (g) of the evaporation based on the sample (g). 8) The difference between the evaporation residues of both samples is sampled. In the Tables, together are the determined values, the cases in which it meets the normal requirements, that is to say, those in which the difference between the numerical values of the evaporation residues is 5% or less, are unaware by the symbol 0, and those that do not comply are indicated by the symbol X.
(2) Mixing capacity with cement The mixing sausage of an emulsion is examined in accordance with ASTM D244 33-37. Specifically, the experiment was carried out in the following manner. 1) A sample is diluted with distilled water to such an extent that the residue of distillation or evaporation at 3 hours at 163 ° C is 55%.
2) 50 g of cement that goes through a sieve is soldered on an iron plate or sub-frame. 80 (180 μm).
3) 100 ml of the diluted sample is added to the cement; and immediately thereafter, the sample obtained is stirred at 60 rpm in the use of a stirring rod. ) One minute after the initiation of the agitation, 150 ml of distilled water are added; and the obtained mixture is stirred for 3 minutes. The phases 3) and 4) are carried out at 25 ° C during all the time. 5) The mixture obtained is poured in a row No. 14 (l, 40mm). The mixture that adheres to the filler is also poured into the former by washing the filtrate repeatedly. 6) The sribado cake is washed suffi- ciently distilled water. 7) The sribado cake is salted at 163 ° C. 8) The weight (g) at the time when the change of weight by heating is made 0.1 g or less is considered as waste (%) of the emulsion that decomposes in the test of the cement mixture. In the Tables, together are the determined values, there have been cases where they meet the requirements of the norm, that is, those that have a value of 2% or less, by the symbol 0, and the cases in which not fulfilled are indicated by the symbol X.
(3) Adherence to the crushed stone Crushed stones in the dry state with a diameter of 5 to 13 mm are immersed in water for one minute. Immediately after removal from the water, the crushed stones were immersed in an emulsion for one minute. The crushed stones removed from the emulsion were placed in an orderly fashion on a glass plate and kept at room temperature for 24 hours. After this period of time, the resulting crushed stones were submerged in hot water at 80 ° C for one hour. One hour later they were removed from the hot water, the proportions of the areas of the asphalt films applied as a re-surfacing on the surfaces of the crushed stones with the naked eye were evaluated and proportions were considered as proporsions (%) of the dß adherensia areas. In this case, the number of crushed stones used in one test was ten and the type of stones was saliza. In the Tables, the average values of the props (%) of the asphalt adherensia areas of the ten crushed stones and the results of the evaluation are indicated in accordance with the following evaluation criteria.
X: the proportion of area with asphalt adhesion is less than 50%,?: The proportion of area with asphalt adhesion e3 of 50% or higher but less than
70%, 0: the proportion of asphalt adhesion is
70% or higher but below 90%, and < 3 > : the proportion of the area with asphalt adhesion is 90% or higher.
(4) Mixing capacity with aggregate 60 g of additive water was added to 2200 g of dry aggregate that complies with a particle size distribution of the aggregate for dense-density mixtures as outlined in Road Pavement Standards ("Outlines for Paving a Road "), that is, it has a particle size distribution that will be described in the following Table A. The obtained mixture was stirred, and 240 liters of an asphalt emulsion were added thereto. The mixture obtained in this way was kneaded for 2 minutes, and was evaluated according to the following criteria: the mixture sauces of the asphalt emulsion with the aggregate. The test temperature (evaluation temperature) was 25 ° C, and in the mixing operation, a mixer (capacity: 5 1) was used for the preparation of the asphalt mixture, manufactured by World Test (K. K.). The results of the evaluation according to the following criteria are indicated in the Tables. X: the emulsion decomposed (ie, the emulsion was cut) during the kneading,?: The mixture was uniform, but immediately after the emulsion decomposed, 0: the mixture was uniform, but the life of emulsion handling ( the time until the emulsion was cut) was short, and < F: the mixture was uniform, and the emulsion had a sufficiently long handling life as well as good sapacity of handling.
Table A
Table 1
Notes: *: tallow alkyl-NHCH2CH_CH_NH2 *: sanctity based on taking the total sum of asphalt and water as 100 parts by weight.
Table 2
notes: *: tallow alkyl-NHCH2CH2CH2NH2 *: sanctity based on taking the total sum of asphalt and water as 100 parts by weight.
As is evident from Tables 1 and 2, the Examples of the present invention were excellent in mixture layer are the sement and mixing capacity with aggregate, and also with respect to the adhesion of the asphalt to the crushed stone that has influence on the duration of a paved road, showed excellent behavior. The above tests were performed in a dense-grade mixing system with a small amount of additive water. However, it is considered that the excellent mixing capacity of the examples was obtained due to the synergistic action of the (A) - (D) somatifiers, even under said severe condi-tions. Partisularmentß are with respect to the mixing capacity with the aggregate, the effects were excellent when all the components (A) - (D) (Examples 7 to 9) were used. On the other hand, the systems (Comparative Examples 10, 11 and 13) contain only component (A) (emulsifiers), and the systems (Comparative Examples 12 and 14 to 17) contain only two somponents, ie, component (A) and , component (B) (polyphenolic slurries), (C) (anionic polymer dispersants) or (D) (sasáridos), were inferior to the examples in sapasidad of mixture with aggregate. In addition, Comparative Examples 11 to 13 and 15 to 17 among the Comparative Examples described above were apparently inferior to the Examples in the evaluation result of "Mezsum Layer are Cement" which serves as an indication of the mezsa sapasidad of the emulsion of Asphalt is arid (particularly the one that takes the form of fine powder or arsilla type). In addition, in the somatic examples 10 to 12, 14 and 17, only results inferior to the Examples could also be obtained in adherensia to the crushed stone. Such a situation has been described above,
Examples of the present invention are capable of satisfying all of the performance characteristics including the stability of the emulsion, the cement mix layer, the crushed stone adhesion and the mixture layer are arid.
Examples 101 to 132 and somparative Examples 101 to 134 Preparation of asphalt emulsion. Asphalts are penetrations of 60 to 80, 80 to 100 and 150 to 200, respectively, were melted until melting at 155 ° C. Separately, the surfactants indicated in any of Tables 3 to 12 and chloride halide were dissolved in leaving water at 55 ° C, and the different somatizers were added to the surfactant indicated in any of Tables 3 to 12 and dissolved therein. . 40 parts by weight of the aqueous solution prepared in this way for 55 ° C emulsion and 60 parts by weight of a 155 ° C molten asphalt were simultaneously passed through a colloid mill to prepare an asphalt emulsion. (unit: part by weight) of each component per 100 parts by weight of this asphalt emulsion was indicated in Tables 3 to 12. In addition, the halide chloride was used in a sanity of 0.15 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight. weight of the asphalt emulsion When a satioiso tensoastive was used, the pH of the aqueous emulsion solution was adjusted to a value of 2 using hydrochloric acid With respect to the asphalt emulsions prepared in this way, storage stability was examined, Layer of mixing with cement, mixing layer with aggregate, and time of decomposition as well as the adhering of the decomposition products to crushed stone The results are indicated in Tables 3 to 12. The test methods are those that will be described below.
Test methods (1) Storage stability of the emulsion The storage stability of the emulsion was examined according to ASTM D244 29-32. Specifically, the experiment was carried out in the following manner. 1) 500 ml of a sample are weighed in a cylinder having an external diameter of d 50 mm and a sapidity of 500 ml; and the cylinder is capped and allowed to stand at room temperature for 5 days. 2) Approximately 55 ml of the sample is pipetted from the top of the cylinder without stirring it, and about 50 g of it is placed in a container with a spout having a capacity of 1000 ml. 3) The sample is heated in an oven at 163 ± 28 ° C for 2 hours to evaporate the water contained in the sample. 4) Determine the weight (g) of the evaporation residue, and calculate the percentage by mass
(with reference to the evaporation residue) of the evaporation residue (g) based on the sample
(g)
) About 390 ml of the sample are pipetted from the top of the cylinder. 6) The sample remaining at the bottom of the cylinder is sufficiently agitated, and after that about 50 g of the sample is removed from the cylinder and placed in a container with spout with a capacity of 1000 ml. 7) Operations 3) and 4) are carried out. 8) Diffsence is classified between the evaporation residues of both samples. In the Tables, together are the determined values, the cases in which it meets the normal requirements, that is, those in which the difference between the numerical values of the evaporation residues is 5% or less, are indicated by the symbol Or, and those in which it is not fulfilled are indiscriminated by the symbol X.
(2) Adherßnsia to the crushed stone The examination and evaluation were carried out in the same way as in Examples 1 to 9.
(3) Mixing Cavity With Aggregate The examination and evaluation was carried out in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 9. The dry aggregate used complying with a distribution of particle sizes of the aggregate for a dense grade mixture had a composition such that the crushed stone N °. 6 was 34% by weight, the crushed stone N °. 7 was 21% by weight, the screening residues were 17% by weight, the coarse sand was 12% by weight, the fine sand was 10% by weight and the crushed stone was 6% by weight. (4) Mixing capacity with cement The examination and evaluation were carried out in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 9. (5) Decomposing time of the emulsion Additive water and an asphalt emulsion were added to the aggregate under the same conditions. Scents used in the previous test of sapasidad of mixture with aggregate, followed by mixing. After completing the mixing, the obtained mixture was allowed to settle in condi tions of 25 ° C and 30% relative humidity. The state of the mixture was observed with the naked eye and was evaluated according to the following criteria. X: the emulsion decomposed with a resting time of less than 10 minutes, ?: the emulsion decomposed with a resting time of 10 minutes or more but below 60 minutes, or 10 hours or more, 0: the emulsion decomposed at rest time of 60 minutes or more but below 2 hours, or 6 hours or more but below 10 hours, and @: the emulsion decomposed at rest time of 2 hours or more but below 6 hours. In addition, with the use of the aforementioned asphalt emulsions, the asphalt emulsion composite materials were prepared, as will be described below, and the radial compressive strength test was carried out by its use. The results are indicated in Tables 3 to
12. The test methods are those that will be described below.
Method of preparing an asphalt emulsion composite 10 parts by weight of an asphalt emulsion were mixed with 90 parts by weight of an aggregate with a composition such that the crushed stone N °. 6 was 34% by weight, the crushed stone N °. 7 was 21% by weight, the screening residues were 17% by weight, the coarse sand was 12% by weight, the fine sand was 10% by weight and the pulverized stone was 6% by weight, to prepare a mezsla 1250 g of the mßsla obtained in this way were placed in a mold to measure the Martial stability. The mixture was tamped 75 times, the mold was inverted and the mixture was rammed another 75 times to prepare an asphalt emulsion composite.
Test method for resistance to radial compression The asphalt emulsion composite material prepared by the above method was removed from the mold. After standing at 60 ° C for 3 days, it was submerged in hot water at 60 ° C for 24 hours. The composite material was removed from the hot water and cooled to 20 ° C, and after that the radial compressive strength was measured with a load measuring device.
Table 3
notes: a group in which a tallow alkyl group is attached primarily to the terminal nitrogen atom (the same is applicable to the following Tables).
- -
* +: The tallow alkanoyl group is mainly attached to the terminal nitrogen atom (the same is also applicable to the following Tables).
Table 4
Table 5
- - Table 6 Table 7
Table 8
Table 9
Table 10
Table 11
notes) *: refers to tallow mono (alkyl) amine (the same applies to the following Table). ++: refers to an adduct of tallow mono (alkyl) amine with propylene oxide (the same applies to the following Table).
- -
Table 12
- -
As shown in Tables 3 to 12, the Examples of the present invention are superior to the Comparative Examples in the different evaluated performance characteristics. It will be apparent that multiple variations can be introduced in many processes, although the present invention has been illustrated in the above manner. These variations should not be considered as deviations from the scope of the present invention. It is considered that all of these evident modifications to the technicians in the matter are included in the scope of the following claims.
It is noted that in relation to this date, the best method known to the Applicant, to carry out the present invention, is that which is clear from the objects to which it refers. Having been described as above, the content of the following is claimed as property.
Claims (40)
1. Additive composition for asphalt emulsion characterized in that it comprises (B) a polyphenolic compound, and at least one element selected from the group consisting of (C) anionic polymer dispersants, hydrocarboxylic acids and water soluble salts of hydrocarboxylic acids and (D) saccharides , such as sugar alcohols and polyhydric alcohols.
2. Additive composition for asphalt emulsion, according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises (A) an emulsifier.
3. Additive composition for asphalt emulsion, according to claim 1, characterized in that the component (B) is at least one element selected from the group consisting of tannic acid, tannin compounds, catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, pyrogallol, gallic acid and derivatives of gallic acid.
4. Additive composition for asphalt emulsion, according to claim 1, characterized in that the component (C) is at least one element selected from the group consisting of lignin sulphonic acid, water soluble salts of lignin sulphonic acid and sodium gluconate.
5. Additive composition for asphalt emulsion, according to claim 1, characterized in that the component (D) is at least one element selected from the group consisting of sorbitol, polyethylene glycols with an average molecular weight of 200 to 5000, and glycerol.
6. Additive composition for asphalt emulsion, according to claim 2, characterized in that the component (A) is at least one element selected from the group consisting of aliphatic amines represented by the following formula (1), aminated lignins, imidazolines having a group hydrocarbon of 7 or more carbon atoms, betaines having a hydrocarbon group with 7 or more carbon atoms and idobetaines with a hydrocarbon group having 7 or more carbon atoms: - - wherein R 1 is a hydrocarbon group or an acyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms; R2 is a hydrocarbon group having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the formula: (AO) m-H [wherein AO represents an oxyalkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms; and m represents a number between 1 and 30]; R3 is a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the formula: (A0) m-H [wherein AO and m are those indicated in the above definitions]; R4 is a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the formula: (A0) B-H where AO and m are those indicated in the above definitions]; A is an ethylene group or a propylene group; and p is an integer between 2 and 5.
7. Asphalt emulsion characterized in that it comprises asphalt, water, (A) an emulsifier and the additive composition for an asphalt emulsion described in claim 1.
8. Asphalt emulsion according to claim 7, characterized in that the component (B) is at least one element selected from the group consisting of tannic acid, tannin compounds, catechol, resorcinol, - - hydroquinone, pyrogallol, gallic acid and acid derivatives Gallic.
9. Asphalt emulsion according to claim 7, characterized in that the component (C) is at least one element selected from the group consisting of lignin sulphonic acid, water soluble salts of lignin sulphonic acid and sodium gluconate.
10. Asphalt emulsion, according to claim 7, characterized in that the component (D) is at least one element selected from the group consisting of sorbitol, polyethylene glycols having an average molecular weight of 200 to 5000, and glycerol.
11. Asphalt emulsion according to claim 7, characterized in that the component (A) is at least one element selected from the group consisting of aliphatic amines represented by the following formula (1), aminated lignins, imidazolines having a hydrocarbon group with 7 or more carbon atoms, betaines having a hydrocarbon group having 7 or more carbon atoms and amidobetaines having a hydrocarbon group having 7 or more carbon atoms: wherein R1 is a hydrocarbon group or an acyl group having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms; R 2 is a hydrocarbon group having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the formula: (AO) "- H [wherein AO represents an oxyalkylene group having 2 6 3 carbon atoms; and represents a number from 1 to 30]; R3 is a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the formula: (A0) "- H [wherein AO and m are those indicated in the above definitions]; R4 is a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the formula: (A0) m-H [wherein AO and m are those of the above definitions]; A is an ethylene group or a propylene group; and p is an integer of value 2 to 5.
12. Asphalt emulsion according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises, per 100 parts by weight of the total asphalt and water, 35 to 90 parts by weight of asphalt, 65 to 10 parts by weight of water, 0.01 to 10. parts by weight of component (B) and 0.01 to 10 parts by weight of at least one element selected from the group consisting of components (C) and (D).
13. Asphalt emulsion according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises, per 100 parts by weight of the total asphalt and water, 35 to 90 parts by weight of asphalt, 65 to 10 parts by weight of water, 0.01 to 10 parts by weight. weight of component (A), 0.01 to 10 parts by weight of component (B) and 0.01 to 10 parts by weight of at least one element selected from the group consisting of components (C) and (D).
14. Composition for paving characterized in that it comprises aggregate and the asphalt emulsion described in claim 7.
15. Composition for asphalt emulsion characterized in that it comprises (Al) at least one element selected from the group consisting of aliphatic amines represented by the following formula (1), aminated lignins, imidazolines having a hydrocarbon group with 7 or more carbon atoms, betaines having a hydrocarbon group having 7 or more carbon atoms and amidobetaines having a hydrocarbon group having 7 or more carbon atoms, and (B) a polyphenolic compound: R \ N- (A-NR3) p-R4 (1) wherein R1 is a hydrocarbon group or an acyl group having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms; R2 is a hydrocarbon group having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the formula: (A0) m-H [wherein AO represents an oxyalkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms; and m represents a number from 1 to 30]; R3 is a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the formula: (A0) "- H [wherein AO and m are those of the above definitions]; R4 is a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the formula: (AO) B-H [wherein AO and m are those of the above definitions]; A is an ethylene group or a propylene group; and p is an integer of value 2 to 5. - -
16. Composition for asphalt emulsion, according to claim 15, characterized in that it further comprises (C) at least one element selected from the group consisting of anionic polymer dispersants, hydrocarboxylic acids and water soluble salts of hydrocarboxylic acids, and / or, (D) ) at least one element selected from the group consisting of saccharides, sugar alcohols and polyhydric alcohols.
17. Composition for asphalt emulsion, according to claim 15, characterized in that the component (B) is at least one element selected from the group consisting of tannic acid, tannic compounds, catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, pyrogallol, gallic acid and gallic acid derivatives.
18. Composition for asphalt emulsion, according to claim 16, characterized in that the component (C) is at least one element selected from the group consisting of lignin sulphonic acid, water soluble salts of lignin sulphonic acid and sodium gluconate.
19. Composition for asphalt emulsion, according to claim 16, characterized in that the component (D) is at least one element selected from the group consisting of sorbitol, polyethylene glycols with an average molecular weight of 200 to 5000, and glycerol.
20. Asphalt emulsion characterized in that it comprises asphalt, water and the composition for asphalt emulsion of claim 15.
21. Asphalt emulsion according to claim 20, characterized in that it comprises per 100 parts by weight of the total asphalt and water, 40 to 80 parts by weight of asphalt, 60 to 20 parts by weight of water, 0.01 to 10 parts by weight of component (A) and 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of component (B).
22. Asphalt emulsion according to claim 21, characterized in that it also comprises per 100 parts by weight of the total asphalt and water, 0.01 to 10 parts by weight of (C), at least one element selected from the group consisting of in dispersants anionic polymers, hydrocarboxylic acids and water soluble salts of the hydrocarboxylic acids, and 0.01 to 10 parts by weight of (D) at least one element selected from the group consisting of saccharides, sugar alcohols and polyhydric alcohols. - -
23. Paving composition characterized in that it comprises aggregate and the asphalt emulsion described in claim 20, wherein the amount of aggregate is from 75 to 95 parts by weight and the amount of the asphalt emulsion is from 25 to 5 parts per 100 parts. by weight of the total aggregate and asphalt emulsion.
24. Use of the additive composition for asphalt emulsion, according to claim 1 or 2, for the preparation of an asphalt emulsion.
25. Use of the composition for asphalt emulsion, according to claim 15, for the preparation of an asphalt emulsion.
26. Composition for emulsification, characterized in that it comprises water, (A) an emulsifier, (B) a polyphenolic compound, and (C) at least one element selected from the group consisting of anhydric polymer dispersants, hydrocarboxylic acids and water soluble salts of acids hydrocarboxylic acids, and / or, (D) at least one element selected from the group consisting of saccharides, sugar alcohols and polyhydric alcohols.
27. Composition for emulsifying according to claim 26, characterized in that it contains the component (C) and the component (D).
28. Composition for emulsifying according to claim 26, characterized in that it also comprises a monobasic acid.
29. Composition for emulsifying according to claim 27, characterized in that it also comprises a monobasic acid.
30. Composition for emulsification characterized in that it comprises water, (Al) at least one element selected from the group consisting of aliphatic amines represented by the following formula (1), aminated lignins, imidazolines having a hydrocarbon group having 7 or more carbon atoms, Betaines having a hydrocarbon group with 7 or more carbon atoms and amidobetaines having a hydrocarbon group having 7 or more carbon atoms, and (B) a polyphenolic compound: wherein R1 is a hydrocarbon group or an acyl group having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms; R2 is a hydrocarbon group having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the formula: (A0) ra-H [wherein AO represents an oxyalkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms; and m represents a number between 1 and 30]; R3 is a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the formula: (A0) m-H [wherein AO and m are those of the above definitions]; R * is a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the formula: (A0) m-H [wherein AO and m are those of the above definitions]; A is an ethylene group or a propylene group; and p is an integer of value 2 to 5.
31. Composition for emulsifying, according to claim 30, characterized in that it further comprises (C) at least one element selected from the group consisting of anionic polymeric dispersants, hydrocarboxylic acids and water soluble salts of hydrocarboxylic acids and (D) at least one element selected from the group consisting of saccharides, sugar alcohols and polyhydric alcohols.
32. Composition for emulsifying, according to claim 30, characterized in that it also comprises a monobasic acid.
33. Composition for emulsifying, according to claim 31, characterized in that it also comprises a monobasic acid.
34. Composition for emulsifying, in accordance with claim 30, characterized in that an inorganic salt soluble in water is formed.
35. PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF THE SUBSTITUTE FOR EMULSIFYING, AS DESCRIBED IN THE PRESENTATION 27, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT IT COMPRISES THE PHASE 1 OF ADDING A MIXTURE OF THE COMPONENT (A) AND OF THE COMPONENT (D) TO AN ANTHENOUS SOLUTION OF COMPONENT (B) to prepare an aqueous solution and phase 2 to add an aqueous solution of the component (C) to the obtained aqueous solution.
36. Process for the preparation of the composition for emulsification, according to claim 29, characterized in that it comprises phase 1 of adding a monobasic acid to an aqueous solution of component (B) to prepare an aqueous acidic solution, phase 2 of adding a mixture of the component (A) and of the component (D) to the aqueous acid solution to prepare an aqueous solution, and the phase 3 of adding an asusous solder of the somponent (C) to the obtained aqueous solution.
37. Process for the preparation of the composition for emulsifying, for example, claim 31, characterized in that the admission phase 1 of a mixture of the somponent (Al) and the somponent (D) is subjected to an asusious solution of component (B) to prepare an aqueous solution, and phase 2 of adding an aqueous solution of the component (C) to the obtained aqueous solution.
38. Process for the preparation of the composition for emulsifying, according to claim 33, characterized in that it comprises phase 1 of adding a monobasic acid to an aqueous solution of component (B) to prepare an acid aqueous solution, phase 2 of addition of a mixture of the component (Al) and the component (D) to the aqueous acid solution to prepare an aqueous solution, and the phase 3 of adding an aqueous solution of the component (C) to the aqueous solution obtained.
39. Process for emulsification of asphalt in water, characterized in that it comprises the addition of molten asphalt to the composition for emulsifying dessrita in claim 26 or 30 to prepare a mixture, and then emulsifying the mixture.
40. Use of the somposission to emulsify, of sonformity are the claim 26 or 30, characterized in that it is for asphalt emulsion.
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7/315497 | 1995-12-04 | ||
| JP31549795 | 1995-12-04 | ||
| JP7-315497 | 1995-12-04 | ||
| JP8-117425 | 1996-05-13 | ||
| JP11742596 | 1996-05-13 | ||
| JP8/117425 | 1996-05-13 | ||
| PCT/JP1996/003256 WO1997020891A1 (en) | 1995-12-04 | 1996-11-07 | Asphalt emulsion |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| MX9705901A MX9705901A (en) | 1997-10-31 |
| MXPA97005901A true MXPA97005901A (en) | 1998-07-03 |
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