MXPA97005567A - Machine for the continuous forming of flat concrete layers for the paving of streets, roads and the manufacture of walls and slabs for the construction of building - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a machine for the continuous forming of flat layers of concrete for the paving of streets, roads and the manufacture of walls and slabs for the construction of buildings, which is characterized by operating on the basis of a longitudinal displacement which this account is achieved with steel wheels that roll on angular rails of the same material installed at both ends of two stringers that at the same time give structure operate as traveling borders that form the edges of the concrete layer and that in order of avoiding lateral leakage of mixture have a narrow ribbon of synthetic or natural rubber with textile reinforcement that conforms to the irregularities that may present the floor, both stringers weaken to a modular hopper to which they are assembled by means of screws that cross sliding located on plates reinforced with bevels welded to these beams and holes located on the lateral sides of the lva that keep it in a fixed position when they are tightened once their height has been regulated depending on the thickness of the concrete layer that you want to deposit, with the help of the screws that stand vertically and supported the upper sides of the stringers , operate as "cats" by means of cranks, hopper whose additional function to receive the mixture is to extend it to the width of its interior and subject it to vibration between both of its front and rear or rear walls by means of a vibrator modular located in its lower part between both which also vibrate to facilitate its flow, that by means of a compactor that is a horizontal extension of the lower part of the rear or rear wall of the hopper and pointing towards the rear of the machine activated by means of a camshaft located on the outside of the rear face of the hopper with the intermediation of triangular arms, compact against the ground the layer of mixed deposited at the same time that because of its disposition and the elasticity of the materials of the hopper, it also activates the modular vibrator as well as the walls of this between which it acts; compactor that operates with the intermediation of a natural rubber membrane or synthetic with textile reinforcement that prevents the compactor from retracting the mixture due to atmospheric pressure after it has been compacted, an operation that is made even more efficient because it is carried out while the mixture flows confined before and after this operation. compacted between the column of mixture inside the hopper, the stringers that operate as traveling borders, the compactor itself and the first channel that acts as a trowel that initiates the finishing of its surface respectively, followed by another channel that also acts as a trowel floating and reciprocating movement horizontally and longitudinally ie forward and backward that operates by means of connecting rods They are attached to the arms that transmit the movement of the camshaft to the compactor and that in its back are linked to this floating trowel by means of the threads present at its ends and nuts whose purpose is to polish the surface of the deposited concrete layer. taking advantage of the presence of the slurry that arises in this after compaction, that behind this floating and mobile trowel, carries a cylindrical texturizing roller which, by means of the longitudinal grooves to its wall, when rolling over the layer of concrete deposited it provides a non-skid surface, behind which and in order to improve the curing of the deposited mixture layer, it has a transverse tubular conduit that has several nozzles or nozzles pointing in a downward direction spray the surface of the mixture layer a Once this has been textured with a liquid that retains moisture from it, forming what is known as a curing membrane with what is ita the cracking of the concrete when setting; machine that is propelled by the same motor that animates the vibrator and the compactor by virtue of which the camshaft that is moved by this, counts on both of its ends regardless of the number of pieces or modules that integrate it with two sets of crowns and transmission chains, transmit their rotary movement to their front wheels with the intermediation of two speed reducers which, by decreasing the angular speed of the rotational movement of the camshaft, increase inversely to provide this speed reduction with the torque or force of rotation of the front wheels to which they transmit their movement, that in order to facilitate their maneuvers, also has two pneumatic wheels of automotive type that when assembled on the side faces of the hopper when it is in its highest position, they allow to separate from the floor the stringers in which the steel wheels that roll on the rails during their operation are located ration and that provide sustenance structure that additionally exercise the function of lateral borders during the formation of the concrete layer with the help of screws that operate as jacks to regulate the height of the hopper, which with the help of a structure tubular with a "v" shape that is fixed on its front part whose members are telescopically extensible in order to allow its integration to the stringers regardless of the position they keep with respect to the hopper and the length that it can present , tubular structure that operates in two ways in order to take advantage of it as well as the thrust structure of the mixer truck that feeds it or as a draft structure that allows it to roll and turn on the ground when pulled by a motor vehicle or by one's own truck to carry out maneuvers like its transfer and turn to locate it on the rails when starting or restarting its operation.

Description

'Machine for the continuous forming of flat layers of concrete for the paving of streets, roads and the manufacture of walls and slabs for the construction of buildings " OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a machine capable of forming in a * Continuous flat layers of concrete on prepared floors for the paving of streets and roads or for the manufacture of walls and slabs for the construction of buildings and more specifically one that when moving on the ground or on molding tables at the impulse of its own engine, deposits the mixture while subjecting it to vibration, compaction and protection of its surface to provide an appropriate curing while improving the strength of the layer of concrete that forms with it and that is additionally capable of driving the truck mixer that feed it with mixture. twenty BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In the field of the construction industry and more specifically in the field of machines dedicated to the execution of urbanization works such as the coating of streets and roads with concrete layers, the most advanced solution currently consists of machines by bridges that in a transversal position to the street or road to be paved is moved along the line of these by means of wheels that roll on parallel rails, Said bridges equipped with passenger cars whose working career is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bridge, whose ^ Mechanisms operate by transversal lines to the line of the street or road in formation, initiating the operations with the deposit of the mixture on the floor by the truck mixer which is extended across the bridge by means of shovels and human strength which later it is rasada by means of a helical screw located on the front of the trolley and followed by a roller that during its travel is subjected to the mixture to vibration and compaction followed in turn by a clothesline from which a piece of jute hangs at both ends. Canvas that moves in the horizontal plane with a reciprocating movement to provide a smooth finish to the surface of the deposited layer of mixture and finally has a rake that forms a texture of parallel stripes, equidistant and transversal to the road in formation in order to make it anti-skid.

However, the machines described, by virtue of operating transversely to the layer of concrete that is being formed, are slow for the formation of the same in addition to requiring the installation of barriers containing their lateral edges until the mix forge. On the other hand, because their mechanisms are motorized independently they are very expensive and complicated operation.

The machine proposed by the invention has been designed to solve the aforementioned drawbacks by means of a different method in the application of mixture, that is to say longitudinally or parallel to the line of the street or road while it is displaced longitudinally and whose mechanisms operate with a single motor, from which by means of transmission of bands and chains of transmission, obtain the kinetic energy necessary for its operation, which include: a vibrator inside the hopper feeder and paver of the concrete mixture, a compactor that it animates with a vibratory movement the hopper on which it leans to carry out its function of compacting, a mechanism that polishes the surface, a texturizer, as well as those that propel it at appropriate speeds, all without the need for borders laterals that contain the edges of the mixture while it is deposited in the ground.

To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of this invention, the present description is accompanied, as an integral part thereof, with the drawings in which, with an illustrative character and not limiting the following has been represented: Figure 1 shows two views in conventional perspective in which the compactor assembly can be seen in the rear part of the hopper, as well as the motor, the fixed and floating trowels, the texturizing roller the tubular conduit for the application of the membrane of curing and the structure of push and pull of it.

Figure 2 shows three partial frontal views of the machine in which its ability to apply layers of concrete on cleared floors (above) or limited laterally by a layer of concrete deposited previously (in the middle) and even limited by garrisons on both sides also built previously (below).

Figure 3 shows, by means of a front view of the machine, the way in which, in case it is used for the manufacture of walls and slabs for the construction of buildings, it molds in the edges of the concrete layer sections such as male and female to facilitate their later assembly, by means of the molding profiles installed on the inside faces of their beams.

Figure 4 shows in its upper part a conventional perspective detail of the means of assembly and fixing to the floor of the rails on which the machine rolls; and in its lower part, a conventional perspective view of the junction frame of the modules or segments of the hopper.

Figure 5, in the upper graph, shows by means of a cross section of the hopper and the channels or troughs, the path that the mixture travels from the inside of it, to the point where it is formed as a layer on the ground ready to be textured and coated, which shows how the compaction operation is carried out while the mixture is confined between the column of this inside the hopper and the layer of it already formed in its back; and in the graph below, a conventional perspective detail of the compaction mechanisms and the channels or planes that polish the surface of the formed concrete layer.

Figure 6 shows, in the graph above, a conventional perspective detail of the assembling means of the disassembled camshaft segments (top) and assembled in their position (bottom); and in the lower one, the means of assembly of the segments of the channels or planes, also in conventional perspective.

Figure 7 shows by means of two graphics in conventional perspective, in the upper part, the machine in operation on its rails in which the angle is appreciated in order to improve the coefficient of friction between the rails and their front wheels record the structure of push and pull that in this case operates precisely to push the mixer truck that feeds it mix; and in the lower part, the machine with the push and pull structure in horizontal position fixed to the stringers and with its pneumatic tires installed to maneuver easily through the grounds where do the work. 20 25"PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION" # In light of these figures, it can be seen that this machine is constituted by two stringers (1) made of steel or other suitable material separated from each other by a modular hopper (9) each of which houses the wheels at its ends (2) with "V" tread band pointing in the direction of their centers that facilitate the movement of the machine on the rails (3) of angular section, which have assemblies of male (4) and female (5) also of angular section in their ends that allow to go replacing in the frontal part of the machine those that in the later part of this have already fulfilled their function of guiding their movement once this in their displacement has exceeded them, said rails fixed on the ground by means of the large nails (6) that pass through the holes (7) of the sills (8) that the angles are welded at distances of approximately one third of the length of each of the segments of them that point outwards from the frame that is formed with them, figures 1 and 4.

The first function of the stringers (1) whose configuration corresponds to that of rectangular channels with its mouth pointing downwards, is that of providing a longitudinal structure to the machine between the wheels (2) and the hopper (9). Both stringers (1) are fastened by means of the screws (10) that go through both the vertically elongated holes (11) that are located in The solerails (12) that welded to the upper face of the longitudinal members (1) have reinforcements to the bevels (13) as to the holes (14) located in the faces (15) of the modular hopper (9) of so that both stringers (1) can move independently up and down relative to the faces (15) of the hopper in which they are installed with only loosen the nuts of the screws (10), on the one hand, in order to allow the adjustment of the thickness of the mixture layer (16) that you wish to apply, and on the other, to allow that when you intend to apply a layer of mixture contiguous to another (17) that has been previously applied and has already set, for the formation of layers wider than the maximum width reached by the modular hopper when it has been assembled with all its components or to make adjacent roads to a garrison or between two of them previously seated or cast on the ground, in which case one of the stringers (1) registers a position higher than that of its counterpart subject to the face (15) of the opposite end of the hopper, 2 (to the center), or, in the case where it is desired to apply a layer between two liners previously seated on the floor, place both stringers (15) in the position in which their lower faces coincide with the lower end of the strips. the hopper to allow the formation of a layer that covers with the level that the garrisons define the space between them figure 2 (below).

On the other hand and in the case of the machine is used for the manufacture of walls or slabs for the construction of buildings, it is only necessary to operate it on a prepared floor, preferably with a smooth and hard surface like concrete platforms or other suitable materials and to fix the molding profiles (18) with the shapes (males and females) that one wishes to obtain in the edges of the segments of the walls or slabs that will form with it, to the inner faces of the spars (1) thereby the formed layer will present in its edges the means of assembly that facilitate their integration for the construction of all types of buildings in a short time, figure 3.

The assembly formed by the stringers (1) and the hopper (9), make up the structure of the machine which being rigid in terms of vertical loads to which the mixture contained in the hopper, is sufficiently elastic to adapt to floors that register uneven levels even in shorter sections than the distance between the axes of their wheels (2).

On the side faces (15) of the hopper (9), the hole (19) allows the housing of the bolt (20) which is an extension of the nut (21), which is crossed by the screw (22) whose end bottom supported on the bushing (23) welded to the upper face of each of the stringers (1) and secured thereto by means of the screw (24) that when passing the wall of the bushing (23) invades a circular groove that registers the lower end of the screw ( 22), operates as a mechanical "jack" that facilitates the operation of raising or lowering the hopper (9) when in the hexagonal head (25) of the upper end of said screw (22), the crank (26) is inserted and it turns it in one direction or in the other.

The second function that the aforementioned beams (1) fulfill consists of containing the lateral edges (27) of the mixture layer (16) applied between both (1) while it is subjected to the operations of spread, vibration, compaction, texturing and spraying its surface with a liquid that prevents the loss of moisture during the setting time (formation of the curing membrane), while the machine moves, that is to say that they operate as borders or traveling forms Figure 2 (above).

The light registered by the stringers (1) between their lower edges and the ground in order to avoid friction between the two in the event that the latter presents prominent irregularities between the wheels (2), is covered by synthetic rubber bands or natural (29) whose width is slightly greater than that corresponding to the aforementioned light in order to form an overlap between it and the inner edge of each of the stringers (1), which are joined to these by means of the screws ( 28) thanks to its elasticity, they fulfill the function of adapting to the prominent irregularities of the floor, thus containing possible leakage of the mixture, which on the one hand prevents waste and on the other, keeps the mixing rails free of the mixing rails. (3) to guarantee always an easy rolling of the machine.

The multi-hopper hopper (9) is modular, ie it is formed by one or several modules or segments assembled together or to the faces (15) of the hopper (9), segments or modules that register different lengths so that when combined and because they are located as intermediate between the stringers (1), a large number of dimensions is obtained in the width of the layer of concrete deposited, because as mentioned the inside face of the stringers (1) comply with the function of containing and forming the side edges (27) of the mixture layer (16).

For this purpose, each of the segments or modules of the modular hopper is formed by the front faces (30) that register a diagonal position downward and towards the rear of the machine and the rear or rear (31) whose position is vertical, which affect the shape of a rectangle and are made of steel plate or other suitable material that register a horizontal fold of reinforcement on its upper side and according to its length have as intermediate spacer two or more rods (32) whose functions consist in keeping them in position one with respect to the other when the segment they form is separated from the hopper assembly (9) and in containing the pressure that the mixture when reaching its operation level exerts on both sides ( 30) and (31) of it (9), so that both ends of the rods (32) are welded to their corresponding front face (30) and rear or rear (31) by means of electric arc welding. To carry out the assembly of two segments or modules, simply screw them to the union frames (33) formed by the rods (34) and the sole plates (35) whose dimension is a little larger than that of the aforementioned rods (32) that separate the front faces (30) and the rear or rear faces (31) of the hopper (9) which in this case separate the sole plates (35) to which they are also welded by means of electric arc welding and which serve to overlap on both sides of the width of their section and on their inner faces the front faces ( 30) and the rear or rear (31) matching the holes made for this purpose in both pieces to cross and fasten them together with the screws (36) and their corresponding nuts figure 4.

The fastening of the assembly of the segment or module of the hopper (9) adjacent to the side faces (15) of the hopper (9), is carried out in the same way so that for this purpose said side faces (15) are welded by electrical resistance the sole plates (35) in a perpendicular position to the plane of the side face (15) to which it is attached, having a width corresponding to half that of the sole plates (35) of the junction frame (33) which they also record holes that allow the accommodation of the screws (36) with which both parts are fastened by means of their corresponding nuts.

Inside the hopper is a modular vibrator that is to say that each hopper module (9) has its corresponding module or segment of vibrator which consists of an elongated cylinder (37) that is located in the lower part of the segment or corresponding module of this (9), parallel and intermediate between its front (30) and rear or rear (31) faces which vibrates transversely to its axis with an appropriate frequency and amplitude in order to expel the bubbles that are integrated into the mixture while it is subjected to the process of revoltura prior to feeding the machine. Said vibrator, by causing a reciprocating movement of high frequency and limited amplitude, at the same time promotes the homogenization of the components of the mixture, causes the aforementioned bubbles that are lighter than the mixture, rise and integrate into the atmospheric air when reaching the surface of this inside the modular hopper (9). Said modular vibrator is attached to the rear or rear face (31) of its corresponding segment of the hopper (9) by means of the bars (38) of steel or other suitable material attached to the (37) by means of transverse holes. to its axis in which the ends are inserted their ends which are welded to this (37) by means of electric arc welding. Said bars (38) register at a distance corresponding to approximately four times the diameter of the elongated cylinder (37) which, as mentioned, is welded and operates as a vibrator, a bend (39) diagonally and in an upward direction which is welded by electric arc welding means to the inner bottom part of the rear or rear face (31) of the corresponding module or segment of the hopper (9), so that as will be seen later on when operating the camshaft (40) that it encourages the mechanism of the compactor by virtue of the fact that the bearings (41) on which this (40) rests to rotate and cause the unbalance that its eccentric cams (42) cause it to rotate, vibrates both the front faces (30). ) and posterior or rear (31) of the segment or module of the hopper (9) corresponding as it was mentioned, both are linked by the rods (32) that serve to contain the pressure exerted by the mixture from its interior and by the rods (34) of the junction frames (33), as well as the bars (38) which in turn transmit the vibrations experienced by the face the rear (31) or rear side of the corresponding hopper segment (9), to the elongated cylinder (37) ) which consequently subject the mixture to vibration in its path between the hopper (9) and the compaction zone, not only by the intermediate part between both front faces (30) and (31) rear or rear thereof, but also in those next to these, that is to say that both sides (30) and (31) of the segment or module of the corresponding hopper (9) also operate as a vibrator, so that the mixture to be deposited inside it tends to fill it quickly in a longitudinal sense even if it is poured in a single point as commonly do the mixing machines.

The lower part of the rear or rear face (31) of the modular hopper has a curved profile (43) descending towards the rear of the machine in order to facilitate the flow of the mixture in that direction. The lower end of the aforementioned curve extends in the horizontal direction (44) ending with a double (45) at right angles in an upward direction whose purpose is to reinforce the end of this horizontal extension (44) whose lower face has the function of compress the mixture layer (16) which moves backwards in relation to the machine when it moves forward with respect to the ground, because as can be seen in figure 5 (above), it is being deposited on the latter .

In order to cause the movement of the horizontal extension (44) which as can be seen is also modular because it is part of each of the modules or segments of the modular hopper (9) mentioned, on the vertical wall of the face rear or rear (31) of the same and approximately half of its height, are located the spacers (46) that give the base of the bearings (41) in which the camshaft (40) that rotates at speed is housed appropriate animated by an internal combustion engine. Said camshaft (40) has, according to the length of the module or hopper segment, which corresponds to two or more eccentric circular cams distributed along its length, which bear the upper ends of the triangular arms (47) transmitting the movement that in they print the mentioned cams (40) having as an intermediate the heads of the bronze screws (48) that avoid friction and are easy to change when they wear out, since the opposite end of these (47) or base of the triangle, is welded to the horizontal or compactor extension (44) of the module or segment of the hopper (9) which thus operates as a compactor, this by virtue of which the rear or rear face of the modular hopper (9) in the segments of the hopper (9) contiguous to the face (15) are only subject to this in its vertical portion (49) by means of the sole (35) which allows an oscillatory movement from the part that registers the curved profile (43) intermedia or between the lower end of the hearth (35) and the horizontal or compactor extension (44) thereof (31) thanks to the natural elasticity of the material that constitutes it, which causes the upper part of the arms (47) motion transmitters tend to always remain in contact with the camshaft cams (40), oscillating movement which in turn causes the compaction of the mixture when the bottom face of this or compactor (44) projects downwardly on the mix more intensely on the area close to the doubles (45) returning to its horizontal position several times per second, while the machine moves, figure 5.

The provision of the camshaft (40) allows three functions namely: on the one hand the housing of the transmission pulley (50) of appropriate size at one of its ends specifically in that in which the internal combustion engine is installed (51) which is always attached to the face (15) of the hopper (9), by means of which and with the intermediation of an appropriate transmission belt (52), the circular movement of the internal combustion engine (51) it is transmitted to him; on the other, it is such that it causes the oscillatory movement that causes the horizontal extension (44) of the rear or rear face (31) of the module or segment of the hopper (9) or compactor starting from a horizontal position to move slightly down at its rear end (45), because as mentioned the part of this that registers the curved profile (43) by its elasticity, behaves like an elastic hinge; finally and by virtue of the fact that the compacting function as shown is carried out with support in the lower part of the rear or rear face (31) of the hopper (9), as mentioned, causes a favorable vibration in it that in turn is transmitted to its front face (30) through the rods (32) which as explained have the pressure that the mixture exerts on the inner faces of the hopper (9) and the rods (34) of the assembly frames (33), which together facilitates the circulation of the mixture through the hopper (9) and the virtual duct that is formed between the horizontal extension of this or compactor (44), the previously prepared floor and the inner faces of the stringers (1) while this is deposited while the machine moves forward leaving behind the mixture layer (16) duly applied. In order to make the movement coming from the segment or module of the camshaft (40) that carries at its extreme close to the lateral face (15) of the hopper (9) the pulley (50) that receives the energy of movement coming from the power output arrow of the motor (51) by means of the band (52) to each of the segments or modules of the camshaft (40) installed in each of the segments or modules of the hopper (9). ), both ends of each of them has a recess (53) whose length corresponds to approximately 2 times the diameter of its circular section and its depth, half of it (shaped like a half-round), which is coupled with its counterpart installed in the segment or module of the adjacent hopper (9), rotated 180 degrees with what the coupling once carried out makes both segments of the camshaft (40), look as if it were one piece in both segments of the hopper (9) that is to say that the recesses (53) of the ends of the camshaft (40) thus coupled complement each other. Said coupling having as complement a helical spring (54) of contiguous turns and tangent ends made of wire of round section of galvanized steel or preferably stainless whose internal diameter is slightly smaller than that of the section of the camshaft (40). Said helical spring (54), is installed in one of the two bars so that it does not invade the area where the section in which the recess (53) is recorded is forcing it by means of its tangent ends so that its diameter inside grows that is in the opposite direction of the direction of formation of its turns figure 6 (above).

To carry out the coupling, it is sufficient to rotate both segments of the camshaft (40) while the segments or modules of the hopper (9) that are to be assembled are approaching, so that the half-reeds of their ends to be coupled remain in place. the position in the both recesses (53) share the same plane when they are joined, forcing the ends of the helical spring (54) by means of their tangent ends so that their inner diameter grows in a direction opposite to that of the formation of its turns and move it in the direction of the area in which the flat faces of the recesses (53) now share the same plane until this (54) completely covers the coupling area and finally releases it. In this way, the spring (54) keeps the half rods tightly connected so that the movement of a segment of the camshaft (40) is transmitted without loss to its homologous to which it is coupled. This avoids the wear due to the possible play between the two, also in the event that accidentally falls mixture in the area of the coupling, this is easily released by forcing the spring (54) by means of its tangent ends (54) and either to couple or to undo the segments of the camshaft (40) once it has set, because the difference between the elastic limit of one material and another is very large, figure 6 (above).

With the effect of compaction of the mixture that as mentioned is achieved because the displacement of the horizontal prolongation of the hopper or compactor (44) downwards is carried out on the mixture layer (16) when it is confined between the previously prepared floor, the interior walls of the stringers (1) and the compactor (44) itself in the presence of the pressure that it exerts because of its height inside the hopper (9) and that is retained by the layer of mixture that has already been properly formed on the back of the machine (9), the accommodation of its components is achieved and the small air bubbles that could have been trapped between the cement, gravel, sand and other particles are expelled. other loads that could be added to the mixture.

Additionally and in order to make even more efficient this effect of compaction of the mixture, at the upper end of the section that registers a curved profile (43) of the lower part of the rear or rear face (31) of the hopper ( 9) that operates as elastic hinge of the horizontal extension of this or compactor (44) and on the inside, this machine has a cover of natural or synthetic rubber (55) with textile reinforcement resistant to abrasion with texture on the face that it remains in contact with the lower face of the compactor (44) which reaches beyond the rear end thereof as explained below. Said rubber cover whose function is to allow that when this same (44) is removed upwards after having carried out a work race (compaction of the mixture) as it has been said, its movement is reciprocating, to initiate a new working stroke (descending), avoid the lower face of the compactor (44) attracting the mixture upwards, since this can be easily detached from the upper face of the mentioned rubber cover (55) because of the texture that this presents, in another way, the atmospheric pressure acting on the mixture and the wet condition of the same, would cause that as just mentioned tend to return upwards following the upward trajectory of the compactor, which would lose part of the compaction that its previous downward movement would have caused, in this way the components of the mixture after it has been subjected to the pressure exerted by the compactor (44) they keep the accommodation that the latter has given them, figure 5.

Next to the rear part of the compactor (44), the modular channel (56) made of steel or other suitable material with its mouth pointing upwards is located whose height is adjustable by means of different sizes gauges (laminas) that modify the spacing between the square bends (57) that is recorded in both ends of its section which in turn at both ends of each of the segments that comprise it, they have holes that allow their fastening by means of the screws (58) to the angles (59) of steel that at their opposite end are welded to the inside of the lateral faces (15) of the hopper (9), blastholes which in turn enable the union between the segments of the same when changing the size of the hopper (9), adding the angular reinforcements ((60) which have holes coinciding with those made at both ends of the segments that make up This modular channel through which the screws (61) pass through in order to firmly hold them together This modular channel (56) has two functions; the first consists of containing the mixture after it has been subjected to the compacting operation, avoiding the formation of undulations on the surface of the mixture layer (16) deposited behind the compactor (44) in case the displacement of the machine is irregular, the second on the other hand, is to start polishing the surface of the concrete layer (16) that is deposited on the floor as the machine moves and in which due to the impacts of the compactor ( 44) a layer of thin mixture (slurry) is obtained which, when routed with the lower face of said channel (56), tends to leave a smooth surface, since it is caused by the movement of the machine with respect to the layer of The deposited mixture (16) operates as a "trowel", figures 5 and 6.

In order that the layer of thin mixture (slurry) that appears on the surface of the deposited layer after it has been compacted does not splash on the mentioned mechanical organs such as the camshaft (40), its bearings (41) the motion transmitting arms (47), • etc. of the compactor (44), the rear end of the rubber layer (55), partially invades the lower face of the modular channel (56) forming an overlap that avoids them, figure 5 (above). At the back of the modular channel (56) is the channel (62), also modular, similar to the first in dimensions, position and assembly form and separated from it by an appropriate distance that allows its horizontal movement and parallel to the longitudinal axis of a machine. In spite of their similarity, both fulfill one with a very different function, since the latter (62) operates as a "trowel" polish taking advantage of the low-density mixture layer (slurry) present as mentioned on the surface of the mix after it has been compacted. Said channel (62) operates in a floating manner on the surface of the deposited mixture layer by virtue of which depends on the holes (63) made in the inner faces of the longitudinal members (1) to which the ends of the tension coil springs (64) are hooked, the lower ends of which are hooked at their opposite ends to the holes (65). practiced in the square bends at the ends of the section of the modular channel (62) and located at both ends of each of the segments or modules that form it and that also allow its connection with the support of the angle reinforcements (60) analogously to that described for joining the modules that make up the channel (56) as mentioned. Said channel (62) acts on the concrete layer (16) previously smoothed by the modular channel (56) by means of a reciprocating movement horizontal and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the machine which is caused by the link at both ends of the rods (66) made of round steel bars which at their front end register a square double (67). ) that inserted in the holes made for this purpose in the upper part of both sides of the arms movement transmitters (47) allow the necessary articulation between both so that they in turn transmit the movement that these (47) experience by the action of the rotation of the camshaft (40) to the channel (62) to which they are fixed by means of the threads (68) formed in their rear ends which pass through the holes made for this purpose in the vertical front walls of this and with the help of the nuts (69) that operate as a nut and lock nut that exert pressure on both faces of said vertical walls, figure 5.

Up to here, as you can see, the mixture has been vibrated, compacted and polished so that it registers a smooth surface, however a surface like this once set, would be slippery for cars and passersby especially in the presence of rain so the machine also has a texturing mechanism which consists of the modular cylinder (70) which rolls on the surface of the mixture deposited in the described by marking on it because of its weight the longitudinal grooves (71) practiced on its wall for this purpose. Said texturizing cylinder also operates in a floating manner on the deposited concrete surface by virtue of having concentric arrows (72) attached to it, rotating inside the vertically elongated holes (73) made in the plates. vertical (74) each welded by its base to the stringers (1), which allow the free rotation of the arrows (72) and therefore the texturizing cylinder (70) maintaining a fixed transverse position with relation to the displacement of the machine but allowing at the same time, the free vertical movement of the Texturizer cylinder (70) so that it adapts a surface of the layer of concrete (16) deposited, the above, softens the irregularities that this (16) could register as an impact of irregularities that could present the floor, such as warping, bumps or protuberances in the set that form the hopper (2) and the spars (1) that make up the chassis or structure of the machine and that as mentioned, have the necessary elasticity to adapt to them, figures 1 and 7.

The concrete layer (16) once properly deposited in the ground, ie already formed as such, free of bubbles and compacted so that its lateral edges do not show deformations or discontinuities in its upper 5 vertices caused by spills of the same behind the passage of the stringers (1), you must lose moisture slowly because otherwise, cracks would be generated when the mixture sets, for this reason, the rear end of the stringers (1), have soldiers on their upper two separate supports ( 75) in which by means of the holes (76) the tubular conduit (77) is held, which in turn counts that with the sprinkler toveras (78) spaced at an appropriate distance so that when it passes through it pressure the moisture retaining liquid, this being sprayed or atomized evenly over the entire width of the surface of the deposited concrete layer (16). Said moisture retaining liquid once sprayed or atomized on the surface of the concrete layer (16), forms a film that prevents the loss of moisture by forming what is known as a curing membrane. This liquid is stored in the reservoir (79) fixed to the rear face (31) of the hopper (9) which is connected to the tubular conduit (77) by means of the hose (80) and having as an intermediate the valve (81) to control at will operator its sprinkling. The moisture retaining fluid is expelled from the tank (79) by the pressurized air coming from the pressure accumulator which in the mixer trucks used for this purpose feeds both the brake circuit and the water tank used for cleaning the container that stir the mixture also known as pot or spin (actual mixer). The connection between the tank (79) of the machine and the aforementioned pressure accumulator is carried out by means of the hose (82) connected to said tank by one of its ends and to the pressure-conducting line of the aforementioned mixer truck, by means of instantaneous installation and removal coupling, figures 1 and 7.

For the displacement of the machine on the ground, this invention proposes the use of the same internal combustion engine (51) which, as mentioned, rotates the camshaft (40). For this purpose the drive mechanism consists of the transmission crowns (83) installed on the outer ends of the camshaft segments (40) that are close to the faces (15) of the hopper (9) which are longer that those located in the hopper segments (9) that are integrated between those that remain at both ends of this (9) with the purpose of making it longer with the aforementioned purpose of forming concrete layers (16) wider , reason why the said transmission crowns (83) are outside the faces (15) of the hopper (9) passing through holes (84) of greater diameter than the camshaft (40) made in them ( 15) in order to allow both the passage of the ends of the camshaft (40) and its free rotation. Both transmission crowns (83) transmit their rotary movement by means of the transmission chains (85) to the transmission crowns (86) installed on the feed or input arrows of the speed reducers (87) installed on the face top of the stringers (1) and near their front ends so that the crowns (88) installed on the power output shafts of the speed reducers (87), they are just above the front wheels (2) of the machine to which by means of the transmission crowns (89) installed in them (2) and with the intermediation of the transmission chains (90) the movement is transmitted rotary speed reducers (87) which inside, reduce their angular speed in a range of reduction ratio ranging from 800 to 1 RPM up to 1200 to 1 R.P.M, which results in a proportional increase in the torque or turning force of the wheels (2) of the machine located at the front. The length of the transmission chains (85) that transmit the movement of the transmission crowns (83) installed on both ends of the camshaft (40) to the transmission crowns (86) installed on the power or input arrows of the speed reducers (87) as well as the necessary clearance for the operation of the first (85) allows absorbing the change in distance between the axes of both sets of transmission crowns (83) and ((86) which is recorded when modifies the height of the hopper (9) in order to modify the thickness of the concrete layer (16) that it is desired to form without affecting the transmission of said movement.

In order to facilitate the operation of the machine itself in relation to that of the mixer truck that feeds it by virtue of the fact that both must operate in a synchronized and continuous manner, this invention proposes that during the feeding of mixture to the hopper ( 9) of the machine, the latter being the one that propels the mixer truck 15 The availability of a torque or turning force so high in the front wheels (2) would not be enough for the displacement of the machine to be able to drive also to the mixing truck that feeds it, because by virtue of the fact that its weight in comparison with that of the latter is much smaller, these (2) would slide on the rails before succeeding in both. For this reason the front wheels (2) of the machine receiving the energy of movement coming from the internal combustion engine (51) with the intermediation of the mentioned transmission assembly, have a coating on its angular tread made of some elastomer Synthetic as polyurethane with the purpose of increasing the friction index between these (2) and the rails (3) on which they roll.

To make solidarity the movement of the machine with that of the mixer truck that feeds it, it has the structure of "V" -shaped thrust whose members (91) are telescopically adjustable in length to compensate for the different spacings that may exist between the stringers (1) as a function of the number of segments that make up the hopper (9) in order to of depositing concrete layers (16) of different widths. Said structure made of steel tubular materials 5 of round section which as mentioned affects the shape of a "V" has at its apex the trapezoidal plate (92) welded to the front ends of the members that make it, plate (92) that on its shorter side registers an elongated hole (93) transverse to the bisector of the angle formed by both of its members (91). Said elongated borehole (92) has the purpose of that to be pierced by the pin (94) of the draft joint (95) located in the * back of the mixer that feeds the machine, can transmit the latter's thrust while absorbing possible deviations that the first could register during the operation of both.

In order to ensure that the displacement of both, that of the machine itself and that of the mixing truck that feeds it, is carried out without slipping between the wheels (2) and the rails (3) on which they roll. , the arrangement of the push structure in the shape of "v" is such that as can be seen in Figure 7 (above), it presents a descending angle j 20 from the draft joint (95) located at the rear of the truck the mixer towards the points near both of its rear ends (96) to those that are welded to the chains (97) which are linked to the front ends of both stringers (1) on their inner faces by means of the hooks ( 98) soldiers to these (1) by means of electric arc welding which gives the advantage that when transmitting the machine's displacement to the mixer truck that feeds it regardless of the height that the stringers (1) record with respect to the ground as in the case already mentioned that is desired forming a concrete layer (16) contiguous with one that has been previously formed or with the to form concrete layers (16) even wider than the maximum width that the hopper (9) integrated with all its modules or segments can form. In this way, when the machine is propelled forward by the action of its propulsive front wheels (2) and by virtue of the downward angle that the thrust structure registers between the revolving truck and the front part of the mentioned stringers (1), the resistance to the change of state of rest by the movement (inertia) of the mixer truck as well as the natural resistance to the bearing due to its weight and the fact that it rolls on pneumatic wheels, causes the vertical component of the reaction force that the latter exerts against the displacement of the machine, acting on its propulsive front wheels (2) increasing proportionally to this the coefficient of friction between them (2) and the rails (3) on which they roll, always guaranteeing a good traction between both.

To allow the movement of the machine during the maneuvers necessary to place it on the rails (3), or to rotate it on the ground to complement in the opposite direction the width of a previously deposited layer, each of the faces (15) of the hopper (9) has a hollow cylindrical receptacle (99) in which the cylindrical but smaller diameter extension of the axles (100) of the pneumatic wheels (101) is inserted. Said pneumatic wheels (101), are installed inserting the extensions (100) of their axes in the receptacles (99) ensuring their position by means of the screws (102) that cross the holes transverse to their longitudinal axes made for this purpose in both that is to say in the receptacle (99) and in the extension (100) of the axes of the pneumatic wheels (101) The installation of the pneumatic wheels (101) must be carried out when the hopper (9) is in the position higher with respect to the stringers (1), ie as if it were to deposit a layer of concrete (16) thick, inserting the extension of the axes of the pneumatic wheels (100) in their receptacles (99) ensuring its position with the screws (102) and it is enough to carry out the operation that would be equivalent to lowering the hopper (9) with respect to the stringers (1) by means of the screws (22) that operate as mechanical "jacks" and with the help of the maures (26), which in this case , the stringers (1) are raised because the pneumatic wheels (101) installed in the hopper (9) are now those that support the machine against the ground, allowing a sufficient height so that it rolls easily on the pneumatic wheels (101) during the maneuver.

For the same purpose that is to carry out the towing of the machine for the purposes mentioned in the previous paragraph by means of a vehicle or automotive by the truck itself, takes advantage of the structure of * referred push but in this case Applying it as shooting structure. To this end, the rear ends of this that register the folds (103) that makes the axes of their sections are parallel to each other, are inserted into the hollow cylindrical receptacles (104) located on the front faces of the stringers (1) securing them by means of the screws (105)) so that once the stringers (1) have been washed from the floor as described, the push structure now behaves like a rigid extension of the machine that exerts a part of the effect of its weight on the towing element of the towing vehicle to which it is connected in the manner described, allowing it to maneuver as if it were a common trailer.

In the specific case that the displacement of the machine transposes the limits of the work that is being done with it, the hopper (9), the stringers (1) as well as the modular channels fixed (56) and mobile (62), the textured cylinder (70) and the tubular conduit (77) can be disassembled so that they occupy little space for transportation, figure 7.

Claims (16)

"CLAIMS" Having sufficiently described my invention, I consider as a novelty and therefore claim as my exclusive property, what is contained in the following claims.

1. A machine for the continuous forming of flat layers of concrete for the paving of streets, roads and the manufacture of walls and slabs for the construction of buildings, which is characterized because it operates based on a longitudinal displacement which is achieved because it has steel wheels that roll on angular rails of the same material installed in both ends of two stringers that at the same time that give structure operate as traveling borders that form the edges of the concrete layer and that in order to avoid lateral mix leaks They have a narrow ribbon of synthetic or natural rubber with textile reinforcement that conforms to the irregularities that may present the floor, both stringers flank a modular hopper to which are assembled by means of screws that run through slides located on plates reinforced with bevels welded to these spars and holes located on the lateral sides of the hopper that keep it in position f When they are tightened once their height has been regulated depending on the thickness of the concrete layer that you want to deposit, with the help of the screws that stand vertically and supported the upper sides of the stringers, they operate as "jacks" by means of cranks; hopper whose additional function to receive the mixture is to extend the width of its interior and subject it to vibration between both of its front and rear or rear walls by means of a modular vibrator located in its lower part between them which also vibrate to facilitate its flow, that by means of a compactor that is a horizontal extension of the lower part of the rear or rear wall of the hopper and that points towards the rear of the machine that activated by means of a camshaft located on the outside of the rear face of the hopper with the intermediation of triangular arms, it compacts the layer of mixture deposited against the ground, at the same time that due to its disposition and the elasticity of the materials of the hopper, it also activates to the modular vibrator as well as to the walls of this one between which it acts; compactor that operates with the intermediation of a natural or synthetic rubber membrane with 10 textile reinforcement that prevents the compactor from retracting the mixture due to atmospheric pressure after it has been compacted, an operation that is made even more efficient because it is carried out while the mixture flows confined before and after this compaction operation between the mixing column inside the hopper, the stringers that operate as 15 traveling borders, the compactor itself and the first channel that acts as a trowel that initiates the finishing of its surface respectively; followed by another channel that also acts as a floating trowel with horizontal and longitudinal reciprocating movement that is forward and backward that operates by means of connecting rods to the arms that transmit the movement of the k 20 camshaft to the compactor and that in its back are linked to this floating trowel by means of the threads present at their ends and nuts whose purpose is to polish the surface of the layer of concrete deposited taking advantage of the presence of the slurry that arises in it after compaction; that on the back of this floating and mobile trowel, carries a roller 25 cylindrical texturizer which, by means of the longitudinal grooves to its wall, when rolling on the deposited concrete layer provides it with an anti-slip surface; behind which and in order to improve the curing of the deposited mixture layer, it has a transverse tubular conduit that has several nozzles or nozzles pointing in a downward direction 3o spray the surface of the mixture layer once it has been textured with a liquid that retains moisture from it, forming what is known as a curing membrane which avoids the cracking of concrete when it sets; machine that is propelled by the same engine that encourages the vibrator and the compactor by virtue of the camshaft that is moved by this, counts on both ends regardless of the number of pieces or modules that integrate it with two sets of crowns and transmission chains, transmit their rotary movement to their front wheels with the intermediation of two speed reducers which, by decreasing the angular speed of the rotational movement of the camshaft, increase in an inversely proportional way to this speed reduction the torque or force of rotation of the front wheels to which they transmit their movement; that in order to facilitate their maneuvers, also has two pneumatic wheels of automotive type that when assembled on the sides of the hopper when it is in its highest position, allow to separate from the floor the stringers in which are located the steel wheels that roll on the rails during its operation and that provide it with a support structure that additionally exert the function of lateral borders during the formation of the concrete layer with the help of the screws that operate like jacks to regulate the height of the hopper, which with the help of a tubular structure with a "v" shape that is fixed on its front part whose members are telescopically extensible in order to allow its integration to the beams regardless of the position they keep with respect to the hopper and its own length, tubular structure that operates in two ways in order to take advantage of it as well as thrust structure of the rotating truck that feeds it or as a shooting structure that allows it to roll and turn on the ground when pulled by a motor vehicle or by the truck itself to carry out maneuvers such as its transfer and turn to locate it on the rails Start or restart your operation.

2. A machine for the continuous forming of flat layers of concrete for the paving of streets, roads and the manufacture of walls and slabs for the construction of buildings characterized by that as claimed in the previous clause, all its transversal components as well as its mechanisms namely: the hopper: the camshaft, the \ / ibrador, the compactor, the floating floating trowel, the texturizing roller as well as the tubular liquid conduit that forms the curing membrane and the push and pull structure they are modular, that is to say that they are formed by pieces that having the same section, have variable lengths in order that the machine can form layers of concrete of different widths.

3. A machine for the continuous forming of flat layers of concrete for the paving of streets, roads and the manufacture of walls and slabs for the construction of buildings characterized by that as claimed in clause 1a, the height of its hopper and its corresponding mechanisms with respect to each of its stringers that give structure, accommodation to its wheels and support on the ground on which the concrete layer is applied is independently variable by means of screw "jacks" located on the faces lateral of the hopper that lean in each one of his stringers, with the end to allow the formation so much of layers of concrete of different thicknesses on cleared floors as in those limited laterally by layers of concrete previously applied to construct streets or very wide roads or between previously constructed garrisons.

4. A machine for the continuous forming of flat layers of concrete for the paving of streets, roads and the manufacture of walls and slabs for the construction of buildings characterized by that as claimed in clause 1a, has a vibrator in the lower part of the hopper between both of its front and back walls subject to the latter by means of bars whose vibratory movement is obtained directly from that experienced by the rear wall of the latter since on its outer face there are the supports of the camshaft that In turn, it causes the movement of the parts of the compactor mechanism which, in addition to the expulsion of the air bubbles present in the mixture when it is poured from the mixer into the hopper, makes it homogeneous and facilitates the flow of the same through from its confined path to its formation as a layer on the back of the machine.

5. A machine for the continuous forming of flat layers of concrete for the paving of streets, roads and the manufacture of walls and slabs for the construction of buildings characterized by that as claimed in clauses 1a and 4a, the bars that they connect both walls of the hopper and that fulfill the function of containing the pressure from inside to outside exerts on them the mixture also serve to transmit the vibrations that because of the arrangement of the camshaft that animates the compactor experiences its rear wall , to its homologo in the previous part which facilitates the flow of the mixture through its confined path until its formation as a layer in the back of the machine.

6. A machine for the continuous forming of flat layers of concrete for the paving of streets, roads and the manufacture of walls and slabs for the construction of buildings characterized by that as claimed in clause 1a, its compactor consists of a horizontal prolongation of the lower part of the rear wall of the hopper preceded by a curve whose purpose is to allow the free flow of the mixture as well as to generate an elastic zone so that this extension can carry out the operation of compaction of the mixture when the base of the triangular arms transmitting the impulse of the camshaft welded to it, receive the impulse of the cams of this which receives the circular movement of the engine by means of the crowns and the chains that are at the ends of the arrows of both.

7. A machine for continuous forming of flat layers of concrete for 5 the paving of streets, roads and the manufacture of walls and slabs for the construction of buildings characterized by the fact that, as claimed in Clauses 1a and 6a, a layer of rubber with reinforcement is below the face of the compactor Textile whose upper face is textured subject to the part where the curve begins that allows the easy flow of the mixture towards the compaction zone, whose function is to avoid that due to the atmospheric pressure and the wet consistency of the mix, this store will remain stuck to the compactor during its upward run. 15

8. A machine for the continuous forming of flat layers of concrete for the paving of streets, roads and the manufacture of walls and slabs for the construction of buildings characterized by that as claimed in clauses 1a, 4a, 5a and 6a, all its mechanisms including those that propel it, operate thanks to the impulse of a single single motor 20 internal combustion.

9. A machine for the continuous forming of flat layers of concrete for the paving of streets, roads and the manufacture of walls and slabs for the construction of buildings that is characterized by the fact that 25 claimed in clauses 1a, 2a, 4a, 5a, 6a and 8o, the segments of the camshaft that each of the modules or segments that make up its hopper have regardless of the length of each of them, also operate as arrow or transmission shaft by means of which the movement energy of the motor, is transmitted both to the mechanisms and to the parts to 30 that makes vibrate in each one of them as to its front driving wheels regardless of the number of modules or segments as well as the length of each of them that integrate the hopper.

10. A machine for the continuous forming of flat layers of concrete for the paving of streets, roads and the manufacture of walls and slabs for the construction of buildings characterized by that as claimed in clause 1a, in the case of that is used for the manufacture of walls or slabs for construction of buildings, can form on the longitudinal edges of the layers that form with it, sections with special shapes that facilitate their assembly (for example, male and female) by simply adding the molding profiles with the desired shapes to the inside faces of the stringers that make up its structure and that operate as traveling borders for the formation of concrete layers. 15

11. A machine for the continuous forming of flat layers of concrete for the paving of streets, roads and the manufacture of walls and slabs for the construction of buildings characterized by that as claimed in clauses 1a and 10a, using several hoppers in one behind the other (in "tandem") can continuously manufacture walls and slabs with 20 cores made of lightening materials and / or thermal and acoustic insulators.

12. A machine for the continuous forming of flat layers of concrete for the paving of streets, roads and the manufacture of walls and slabs for the construction of buildings characterized by the fact that 25 claimed in clauses 1a and 8a, is self-propelled.

13. A machine for the continuous forming of flat layers of concrete for the paving of streets, roads and the manufacture of walls and slabs for the construction of buildings characterized by that as 30 claimed in clauses 1a, 8a and 12a.aprovecha its own propulsion capacity to drive in front of it to the mixer truck that feeds it of mixture given the large magnitude of the torque or turning force available in its front wheels drive product of high ratio of speed reduction between the camshaft and these necessary for its correct operation.

14. A machine for the continuous forming of flat layers of concrete for the paving of streets, roads and the manufacture of walls and slabs for the construction of buildings characterized by that as claimed in clause 1a, has pneumatic wheels that when installed on the sides of the hopper when it is in its highest position and then raise the floor of its stringers by turning the screws that operate as mechanical "jacks" with the help of their crank, allow their towing by means of a vehicle automotive or the own truck that fed it during the maneuvers necessary in the work such as its placement on the rails or its turn to deposit in the opposite direction a concrete layer adjacent to another that has been deposited previously in order to form streets or very wide roads.

15. A machine for the continuous forming of flat layers of concrete for the paving of streets, roads and the manufacture of walls and slabs for the construction of buildings characterized by that as claimed in clauses 1a, 13a and 14a, account with a triangular structure whose width is adjustable telescopically to adapt it to the different lengths its hopper can register, which serves both as a push structure to drive the mixer truck that feeds it, and as a tow to tow it by means of a self-propelled vehicle or of the own revolving truck that feeds it during the necessary maneuvers in the place of the work.

16. A machine for the continuous forming of flat layers of concrete for the paving of streets, roads and the manufacture of walls and slabs for the construction of buildings characterized by that as claimed in clause 1a, its transport in a truck It is feasible thanks to 5 which is disassemblable. 15 20 25