MXPA97005560A - Catheter of seguri - Google Patents

Abstract

A safety catheter 522 includes a cam with pivot 256 and a clamping wheel 264 within a housing, as the catheter needle is withdrawn, the needle tip 214 is captured and locked within the housing, reducing the risk of puncture damage with needle; when locked, the cam prevents the needle tip from being pulled out of the bottom of the housing and the pinch wheel prevents the needle from being pulled out of the top of the housing, the sharp point of the needle being automatically covered and contained securely in the housing as it is removed from the catheter, retainer 246 holds the catheter over the housing until the needle tip is safely removed from the housing, so that the catheter can not be used until the catheter is captured. tip of agu

Description

SECURITY CATHETER BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Catheters (ie, a small tube or needle that is typically inserted into a vein) are used extensively in hospitals to provide my bloodstreams with blood, plasma, and other materials. A catheter typically allows a number of intravenous tubes (IVs) to be interchangeably connected and is often left on the bra < : or of a patient even when not in use, so that additional punctures are not needed for IV tubes or subsequent applications. and insert the catheters into the patient with a stylet or needle with a large inner diameter. In the most common confi guration, the catheter is sold in a sterile package with the outer circumference of the needle. It can also provide a removable plastic cover or cap for the needle around the catheter and the needle. In use, the plastic cover for the needle is first removed, the needle is used to pierce the patient's skin, and the needle and associated catheter are pushed towards the puncture. The patient's needle is then re-drawn and temporarily placed close while the catheter is held in place within the puncture site. The catheter is then tape attached to the patient and connected to the infusion set or other lines.

The need to adhere immediately with tape and connect a TV generally requires priority over the handling and clearance of the safety needle. The used needle can then be left inadvertently uncovered on a tray, cart, etc. Such a loose acute instrument creates a significant safety risk to patients and medical personnel. Several types of so-called safety TV catheters have been previously provided to combat this problem. These devices usually include mechanisms designed to avoid needle punctures. However, conventional FV safety catheters tend to be bulky, expensive to use and / or costly, so there is a need for an improved catheter that can be used safely, quickly and easily. and discarded after its use.There is a similar need with scalpel knives, power and other hydraulic needles, rocar-es and other acute medical instruments, in the sense that these sharp instruments, once used and carrying blood or fluids from the body, are potential sources of infection because of puncture accidents.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION For these purposes, a tip inlet or cover for a surgical instrument includes a housing, a handle wheel for extending the free end of the sharp instrument or needle, a wedge for interlocking the wheel and a spring element or spring. deflection to push the wedge and the wheel grip to interlock. The wedge is in conjunction with the handle wheel so that, upon insertion of the free end of a needle into the housing, the handle wheel exerts a force against the free end. A component of that force is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the needle. In this way, a longitudinal movement of the needle which tends to withdraw from the needle of the housing extends the force component perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the needle. The needle is therefore truncated by friction following its removal from the frame. A sliding housing on a chassis allows a needle to be unscrewed from a syringe. Also for these purposes, an improved catheter IV, includes a latch or cover tip to cover the tip of an aid instrument, ie, a needle, trocar, scalpel, etc. The tip lock includes a housing, a wheel and a wedge surface. Once engaged, the tip lock prevents the sharp point of the needle from moving out of the housing. The tip or edge of the instrument is contained securely and virtually permanently within the housing. A retainer is advantageously provided to prevent separation of the tip lock and the catheter until the tip of the catheter needle is safely held in the tip lock. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a device for safely handling used medical or surgical instruments including needles, scalpels, odors, catheters, etc.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the drawings, similar reference characters denote similar elements in all the various v i s t a. Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present acute cover; Figure 2 is a perspective view of the cover or lid of Figure 1, positioned to receive the free end of a hypodermic needle through a funnel shaped guide for acute instruments; Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 of Figure 1; Figure 5 is a sectional view similar to Figure 3, but showing the free end of a needle inserted into the cover; Figure 6 is a < /? enlarged in partial section, of the cover of figure 5 showing a preferred handle tr-abado to the needle after the attempted removal of the needle; Figure 7 is a partial sectional view of a conventional IV catheter set including a catheter, a needle and a needle cover; Figure fl is a partial sectional view of a new IV catheter having a needle lock or lid according to the present invention; b Figure 9 ec, ur > a partial section view of the EV catheter and the present needle inserted in a patient; Figure 10 is a partial sectional view thereof, with the tip of the needle retracted to the needle lock; Figure 11 is a partial sectional view of the same showing the TV-catheter that remains in the patient and with the needle locked in the tip lock and detached from the catheter IV; Figure 12 is a sectional view of the needle train turned along the line 12-12 of Figure 11; Figure 13 is a longitudinal sectional view of a catheter safety unit or assembly having a catheter retenator; FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the needle assembly of the catheter assembly of FIG. 13; Figure 15 is a sectional view of the needle or tr-aba needle tip cover of the catheter assembly of figure 13; Figure IB is a front elevational view of the locking arm of the catheter assembly of Figure 13; Figure 17 is a side elevational view thereof; Figure 18 is a rear elevation view of the m; Figure 1 < 3 is a front elevational view of the catheter assembly of Figure 13; Figure 19P is a view of the posterior row of a full-ring lock in a normal catheter; Figure 19B is a side elevational view of the same; Figure 20 is a side sectional view of the catheter assembly of Figure 13 in use, inserted into a blood vessel; Fig. 21 in a side sectional view illustrating the locking features of the catheter assembly of the fura 13; Figure 22 is a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the safety catheter assembly, with the catheter-and the needle in position for placement in the patient; Figure 23 is a sectional view of the embodiment of Figure 22 with the catheter separated from the housing of the catheter assembly; Figure 24 is a perspective view of the retainer shown in Figures 22 and 23; Figure 25 is a sectional view of ot [- mode, showing the catheter secured on the housing of the catheter assembly; Figure 2fi is a sectional view of the mode of Figure 25 with the catheter separated from the housing; Figure 27 is a perspective view of the retainer shown in Figures 25 and 26; Figure 28 is a front elevation view of yet another preferred embodiment; Fig. 29 is a sectional view taken along line 29-29 of Fig. 28 and showing the needle and catheter-ready for placement in the patient, with the catheter secured to the assembly housing of catheter; Figure 30 is a cross sectional end view of the same; Figure 31 is a front elevational view showing the pressure knob of Figures 28-30 in the released position and Figure 32 is a sectional view thereof, with the alternative positions of certain components indicated in 11 nea fanta mag rica; Figure 33 is a perspective view of a needle tip cover used in applications in which it is convenient to separate the needle from the syringe; Figure 34 is an exploded perspective view thereof; Figure 35 is an enlarged partial sectional view of a needle inserted into the outer sliding cover, with the slots of the outer sliding cover of the present safety device; Figure 36 is a top view of the sliding outer cover used in Figures 33-35; Figure 37 is a sectional view of the sliding outer cover taken along line 37-37 of Figure 36; Figure 38 is a sectional view of the outer sliding cover taken along the line 38-38 of the fi x 17; Figure 39 is a side elevational view of the housing; and Figure 40 is a side elevation view of an alternative embodiment having a spring and seal block corn i natios.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED MODALITIES Referring now to the drawings, as shown in Figures 2 and 5, the present cover is configured to receive and permanently cover the free end of the hypodermic needle or other sharp device. As shown in Figure 2, a hypodermic syringe and needle assembly 20 includes a needle 22 having a free end 24, a restricted end 25, an outer surface 26 and a longitudinal axis 27. The free end 24 has a pointed tip 28 to penetrate skin.

Referring now to Figure 1, the cover 10 includes a housing 30, such a wheel 70, a spring or diverter-80 and probably a seal block 90. The housing 30 is advantageously provided as a plastic assembly of two. It has a first section 32 and a second section 34. The housing 30 includes the upper and lower ends 36 and 38. The needle receiving portion 100 is provided at the upper end 36. The tapered metal liner 101 is fixed (adhered, snapped or molded, etc.) to the receiving portion 100 to prevent the tips of the sharp instruments from adhering to the plastic surface of the receiver-a portion. As best shown in Figure 3, the housing 30 is also provided with a first set of laterally substantially lateral side surfaces 40 and 42, an interior-top surface 44 and a bottom interior 46. As shown in FIG. better in Figure 4, the housing 30 also includes a second set of substantially laterally inner side walls 48 and 50. The lateral interior surfaces 40 and 42 and the interior side walls 48 and 50 each extend between the upper and lower interior surfaces 44 and 46 to define an < to interior cavity 60. The wheel its stator 70, the diverter-80 and the seal block 90 are contained within the cavity 60. The interior interior surface 40 includes an upper planar portion -52 and a lower portion 54. Corno best shown in Figure 5, the upper planar portion 52 is configured to trap the free end 24 of the needle along the tangent 26A which is on the insertion of the free end 24 to the cover 10. The lower portion 54 defines a depression 62 provided to position the sealing element 90 adjacent the inner-lower surface 46. Upon insertion of the needle, the tip of the needle 28 is embedded in the seal block 90. The inner interior surface 42 includes an upper angled portion 56 and a lower planar portion 58. the upper angled portion 56 together with the upper planar portion 52 form a squeeze element-64 configured to operate in conjunction with the element. or fastener-70 before and after insertion of the free end 24 of the needle to the cover 10. As best shown in Figure 3, the upper angled portion 56 slopes toward the inner interior surface 40 as shown in FIG. upper angled portion 56 extends from the lower flat portion 58 towards the extrusion tube 36 to define a convergence area to a wedge area 66. The lower planar portion 58 is substantially parallel to the upper planar portion. 52. The fastener element 70 is substantially cylindrical in shape, having two flat ends 72 and 74 and a fastening surface 76 of its substantially arched shape. Referring to FIG. 4, the fastening element 70 is placed within the cavity 60 with the flat ends 72 and 74 closely adjacent the inner side walls 48 and 50. The distance between the side walls 72 and 74 is sufficient to allow the fastener-70 to slide into the cavity 60 between the upper and lower interior surfaces 44 and 46, while remaining substantially in contact with the reaction. Referring now to Figures 3 and 5, the dimensions of the fastening surfaces 76 (as compared to the squeezing element-64 and the needle) are shown proportionally in the drawings and are selected to ensure that the securing surface 66 (in response to the diverting action of the diverter element 80) remains in simultaneous engagement with the upper planar portion 52 and the angled portion 56 before insertion of the free end 24 of the <; "j" to the housing 30, and to ensure that the fastening surface 76 (in response to the diverting action of the diverter element 80) remains in simultaneous engagement with the outer surface-26 of the needle along the tangent 26B and the angled portion 56 after insertion of the needle into the housing 30. The substantially arcuate holding surface 76 facilitates the purposes described above while at the same time ensuring that the fastening element 70 does not engage with the free end. 24 of the needle in such a way as to prevent the free end 24 from being completely inserted into the interior cavity 60 as best shown in FIG. 5. It will be understood in the art that other embodiments of the fastener element 70 may also facilitate these purposes Preferably, the diverter element 80 is an annularly shaped elastomer, having the flat ends 82 and 84, a substantial external surface 86 r-edonda mind, with hole 88 that extends between the ends 82 and 04 ,. As shown in Figure 4, the diverter element 00 is positioned within the interior cavity 60, between the fastener element 70 and the sealing element 90, so that its ends 82 and 84 are adjacent to the side walls 48. and 50, and the outer surface 86 is coupled to the attachment element 70. Referring now to FIGS. 3 and 5, the outside diameter (not compressed) of the diverter 80 is large enough to ensure that it constantly operates on the fastener element. 70, forcing the fastener element 70 towards the first end 36. This causes the fastening surfaces 76 to engage the upper planar portion 52 and the angled portion 56 as described above. The assembly of the cover 10 is effected by compressing the outer surface 86 of the diverting element 80 sufficiently to make it possible for the fastening element 70, the diverting element 80 and the sealing element 90 to be inserted into the inner cavity 60. After that, the First and second actions 32 and 34 of the housing 30 are joined together using any conventional methods. the interaction between the diverter element 80, the fastener element 70 and the squeezing element 64 before the insertion of the free end 24 into the inner cavity 60 is shown in Figure 3. The diverter element 80 exerts an upward force on the fastener element 70 This ascending force forces the fastening element 70 to engage the upper flat portion 52 and the angled portion 56, effectively tightening the fastening element 70 therebetween, the pressure exerted against the fastening element 70 on the intermediate surface between the fastener element 70 and angled portion 56 includes a force component that is perpendicular to upper planar portion 52. This force component is offset by an opposing force on the intermediate surface between fastener element 70 and upper planar portion 52. As it is inserted to the free end 24 of the needle d the inner cavity 60 is applied between the upper flat pressure 52 and the sujet element. ador- 70 thus moving < - the fastener element 70 and causing the fastener element 70 to move down towards the lower end 38. As shown in Figure 5, the free end 24 is coupled by the flat portion 52 along the tangent 260 and engaging the * the fastener element * 70 along the tangent 26B. The downward movement of the fastener element 70 causes the diverter element 80 to compress even further, thereby increasing the amount of pressure exerted by the diverter element 80 against the fastener element 70. This in turn increases the pressure on the intermediate surface between the fastener element. 70 and the angled portion 56 which, in turn, increases the pressure on the intermediate surface between the upper planar portion 52 and the free end 24 along the tangent 2ññ and the intermediate surface between the fastener element 70 and the Free end 24 along the tangent 2hB. Any- attempt to remove the needle 22 from the interior cavity 60 after insertion, will generate opposing forces of friction on the intermediate surface between the upper planar portion 52 and the free end 24 and on the intermediate surface between the fastening element 70 and the free end 24. The frictional force exerted by the book end 24 on the element fastener 70 tends to drive the fastener element 70 upward toward the first end 36 thereby increasing the pressure exerted against the fastener-70 on the intermediate surface between € >1 fastener element 70 and the angled portion 56 which, in turn, will increase the pressure exerted by both the intermediate surface between the upper flat portion 52 and the free end 24 along the tangent 26A and on the intermediate surface between the fastener element-70 and the free end 24 along the tangent 26B, thereby increasing the retaining effect of the cover 10. The greater the force applied to the needle 22 tending to remove the ex-free oar 24 from the cavity 60, greater will be the friction forces exerted on the free end 24 that resist resistance to such movement. The needle is therefore permanently locked inside the housing. The diverter element 80 is selected to allow the surgical needles to be inserted manually into the interior cavity 60 without difficulty while ensuring that any attempt to remove such a needle was made by the insufficient forces of fpcc as described above. . Although, in the preferred modality, the diverter element * 80 must be large enough to be operable the cover 10, the diverter element 80 should not be large or rigid so as to prevent the needle 22 from being inserted into the inner cavity - sufficiently to ensure that the tip 28 fully engages the spreading element 90. Pr preferably, the outer diameter 87 (compressed) of the diverter element 80 measured in a plane transverse to the upper planar portion 52 must be smaller than the distance between the tangent 26B to the outer surface 26 and the lower flat portion 54. To further facilitate full engagement of the tip 28 and the diverter element * 90, the diverter 80 can be positioned within the interior cavity 60 in front of the fastener element 70 so that the intermediate surface pressure between the fastener element 70 and the diverter element 80 forces the diverter element 80 to move away from the upper flat portion 52. , as shown in Figure 5. The retaining effect of the needle is accentuated by the clamping surface 76, of a set of teeth 70 spaced apart, each of which extends between the ends 72 and 74. The teeth 78 provide the sharp edges 79 and are curved backwards, as best shown in Figure 6, to improve the clamping, the teeth 78 (and the rest of the fastener element 70) are composed preferably of a material that it is hard enough to nick the outer surface 26 of the free end 24. As a result, attempts to remove the needle 22 from the inner cavity 60 drive the teeth 78 to the outer surface 26 thereby creating a mechanical interference that prevents removal of the needle 24. The free end 24 of the needle 22 is thus permanently locked to the cover 10. The clamping surface 76 and the upper portion 52 can, alternatively, become rough or fluted to improve The needle retainer effect. To protect against the dangerous and uncontrolled accumulation of body fluids that may be found inside the used needles, for example hypodepenic needles, the cover 10 is provided with sealing element 90. The insertion of the free end 24 of the needle 22 into the inner cavity 60, the tip 28 engages and fits within the sealing element 90 thereby retaining any residual fluid body metals within the interior of the needle 22. Preferably, the sealing member 90 is a thick layer of material that is sufficiently soft to allow penetration of the tip 28 into the sealing element 90 while at the same time providing an appropriate seal of the needle tip. The preferred embodiment of the sealing element 90 has a size such that it complements the lower interior surface 40 and to meet the depression 62. The needle hole 108 is placed on the sealing element 90, so that the tip of the needle high to the sealing element. The housing 30 is provided with a receiving portion 100 of needles and its first end 36. Co or shown in FIGS., 3 and 4, the receiving portion 100 of needles includes the needle guide 102 having a funnel shaped depression with maximum diameter 104 on the upper ext 36 and a minimum diameter 106 in the lower part of the depression in the form of funnel »The minimum diameter 106 defines an eccentric hole 108 for a needle having a size such as to receive the free end 24 of a needle 22. The pin-to-needle orifice 108 is positioned in such a way that the upper planar surface 52 This tangent to the outer diameter of the hole 108 for needle. The free end 24 of the needle can therefore be placed through the needle hole 108 without difficulty while being suitably positioned imperatively or of the inner cavity 60 between the upper planar portion 52 and the fastener element 70. mounting a multitude of covers 10 of an arrangement on a flat bottomed container that can be placed on a surgical plate, cart, etc. The bottom bottom-38 of each cover 10 can be fixed to the container, using a suitable means, so that the receiving portion 100 of each cover 10 is directed substantially upwards. Alternatively, the container may present the receiver portions 100 of needles at an angle with the horizon. The bottom of the container of the covers may be provided with an adhesive means or another suitable for providing resistance or undesired movement during use. In this way, the present cover 10 makes it possible for surgeons, nurses and other personnel of the operating room to control the used sharp instruments, during and after the surgical operations in such a way that the medical risks are not presented to the personnel of the operating room. operating room or the patient while subsequently ensuring the permanent birth of permanent needles and the like. A safety catheter having similar advantages, as shown in FIG. 7, has a needle 122 which is surrounded by a conventional IV 120 catheter and covered by a re-sealable needle layer 124. U male accessory 126 on? needle 122 is typically coupled with a female accessory 120 (e.g., a Luer fitting) on catheter 120, as is well known in the art. In use, the cover 124 is removed to expose the tip L25 of needle 122. Needle tip 125 is used to pierce the skin of the patient, and needle 122 and catheter 120 are then pushed slowly to the puncture site. The cattery 120 is then held in place within the puncture site while the needle is withdrawn. When the needle has been completely removed, the catheter remains in the patient and is connected to a TV tube. However, the needle presents a risk of needle puncture until it is properly disposed of. The present safety catheter greatly reduces the risk of needle puncture associated with the TV catheters. As shown in Figure 8, the present safety catheter includes a * TV 130 catheter and a needle cap 134, which may be * the same as the conventional catheter and needle cover shown in Figure 7. The catheter 130 is accommodated on a point or lock 138 for a needle having a housing 140. The outer surface of the housing 140 may be smooth or grooved. As shown in FIG. 8, the housing 140 has a polygonal shape that includes two tapered surfaces 142. These tapered surfaces 142 provide thumb surfaces and double fingers to grip and hold the housing 140 in place. The housing 140 includes an accessory 144 similar to the accessory 126 of the conventional catheter needle shown in FIG. 7, to join the housing 140 and the catheter TV 130. Within the housing 140 a holder 160 protrudes from the wall of the housing and makes contact with the needle 132 extending completely through the housing 140 and the catheter-TV 130. An inner wall 147 is inclined towards the needle 132 of the upper part of the housing (the safety catheter of figure 8 is shown reversed ). The needle 132 may be similar to, but is longer than, the needle 122 shown in the figure 7. A cam 148 within the housing 140 includes a lower leg 156 and an upper leg 158, and pivots on a pin 154 As shown in Figure 1 2, the width of the lower leg 156 is approximately the same as the interior space 146 within the housing 140. The upper leg 150 is approximately one half the width or thickness of the lower leg, so that the needle 132 can extend below the upper leg 158. The full width of the lower leg 156 prevents the needle 132 from extending to the opening 151, unless the cam is placed out of the way, as shown in Figure 8. A clamping wheel 150 is placed within the housing 140 between the upper leg 158 of the cam 148, the wall of the housing and the spring 152. Preferably, the clamping wheel 150 is formed of metal, hard plastic or ot r * o material substance Ally not compressible. The perimeter of the wheel 150 is grooved, rough or serrated. The wheel 150 is too wide to pass under the upper leg 158 of the cam 148. The spring 152, positioned within a spring bore in the housing, urges the wheel 150 against the upper leg 158. The clamping wheel 150 The same is not attached to any portion of the housing 140. Instead, it is replaced in its place by the spring 152, the upper leg 158 and the housing wall, and may change position. When the needle lock 138 is in the position shown in Figure 8, the spring 152 pushes against the clamping wheel 150. The force of the spring presses the clamping wheel against the upper leg 158 of the cam 148, causing the cam 148 to turn around the pivot 154 in the clockwise direction, until the lower arm 156 contacts the needle 132 and presses against it. A pressure force is thus created between the Cam 148, the support 160 and the needle 132, which helps prevent the needle 132 from prematurely retracting from the needle lock. In use, the needle cover 134 is first removed to expose the needle 132. The needle and catheter are then inserted into the patient's arm 155 or other area of the body., as with the conventional cat ter IV equipment as shown in Fig. 9. The housing 140 of the needle lock is preferably held by increasing the tapered surfaces 142 of the housing between the thumb and the index finger of the hand. When the housing is held in place, the needle 132 d L catheter 130 is removed. The catheter can optionally be stopped with tape on the skin. As the tip 135 of the needle 132 pulls down on the housing 140 and passes through the lower leg 156 of the cam 148, the shaft of the needle 132 no longer stops the rotation of the cam 148 around the pivot 154. The force of the spring 152 against The clamping wheel 150 and the upper leg 158 cause the cam 148 to rotate the pivot in the clockwise direction. This movement causes the lower leg 156 to move to a position to block * the lower opening * 151 of the housing 140, as shown in Figure 10. At the same time, the clamping wheel 150 slides upwards along the inclined wall 147 and fits between the shaft of the needle 132 and the wall 147. The resort 152 holds the holding wheel 150 in this engaged position. The splined perimeter of the wheel 150 holds the shaft of the needle 132 and the inclined wall 147, preventing the wheel from rotating counterclockwise. As the wheel engages both the shaft of the needle and the wall 147 and can not rotate, the needle 132 can no longer be rotated beyond the housing. (The geometric configuration allows the wheel to rotate or rotate clockwise, allowing the needle to be pushed beyond the housing, but not in the counterclockwise direction, which would allow the needle removed). After the wheel 150 engages in its position as shown in FIG. LO, the cam 148 is prevented from pivoting in the counterclockwise direction to release the needle tip 135 while the wheel 150 prevents the movement of the upper leg 158. In this way, the leg 156 is locked in a position that obstructs the opening 151 preventing the needle 132 from being pushed out of the housing 140 and the engaged wheel preventing the needle from being pulled. towards the outside of the accommodation. The needle is therefore locked in its position. Before the needle is withdrawn, the upper leg 58 prevents the wheel from ascending to the engaged position, as shown in Figure 8"When the needle is firmly locked into position, the needle tip is contained safely In addition, once the needle has been retracted into the housing, the cam 148 and the clamping wheel 150 prevent the needle from being pulled out of or pushed through the housing 140. The tip of the needle is held firmly and permanent inside the housing reducing the possibility of damage caused by contact with the used needle. As shown in Figure 11, once the needle 132 has been retracted into the housing 140, the fit over the housing 140 can be decoupled from the catheter * 130 and an IV needle can be connected. The decoupled needle 132 and needle lock 138 can then be disposed of safely, without returning the needle cover 134. The present modality therefore provides a safe, efficient and autonomous catheter to protect the tips of the used IV needles. In addition, the needle lock 138 functions automatically when the needle is removed from the TV puncture site. Even if the needle is removed from the puncture site very quickly and forcibly, the tip 135 will lock into the housing 140. The needle lock 138 allows the medical staff to simply insert the needle and catheter, remove the needle and immediately discard the needle. the used needle without considerable risk of damage and without referring the time and risks of recapping or other steps. In addition, needle tr-aba 138 can be used with existing normal catheters. Normal needles can also be used, if they are long enough to extend both through the catheter 130 and the needle lock 138. The needle lock 138 is also highly resistant to inexpert manipulations. Once the needle 132 is locked within the housing 140, it is exceptionally difficult or impossible to remove the needle. Preferably, the housing 140 is made with a thin, flat profile, so that the housing 140 can be placed on the patient's skin while the catheter is inserted. For convenience and ease of operation, the housing 140 should be compact and made of rigid material, preferably metal or hard plastic. The openings in the housing 140 through which the needle 132 passes must be made to approximate the diameter of the needle itself, to ensure that the needle is held firmly within the housing 140. As shown in Figure 13 , another safety catheter assembly or unit 200 includes a needle assembly 202, a needle tip lock 240 and a catheter 222. 75 As shown in FIG. 14, the needle assembly 202 has a housing cover 204 that forms an interior-open space to receive the needle tip lock 240. A preferably transparent tube 208 extends from the rear wall 210 of the housing cover 204 and is capped with a vent 220 made of an air porous material. The tube 208 forms a flash cylindrical rear chamber 206. A bore 215 in the back 218 of the needle 212 opens to a flash back chamber 206. A needle passes through and is held in position by the rear wall 210 , it extends further through and over salt considerably beyond the housing cover 204, to a tip 214. The length of the shaft 216 of the needle 212 is selected to work in conjunction with the used catheter 222 and the medical application Referring again to FIG. 13, the catheter 222 has the tip 226, on a catheter shaft 224, on an aza 228 at the posterior end. The interior of the hub 228 has an accessory 230, such as a luer fitting, adapted to be connected with intravenous or other type tubes or fittings. As shown in FIG. 19, hub 228 of catheter 222 includes Luer lock flanges 232, but could otherwise be preferably a full-ring Luer * 299 lock as seen in standard catheters. Referring to Figure 15, the needle tip lock 240 has a housing that encloses a lock mechanism 272. It has a floor 280 and continuous walls, and a cover (not shown). A front opening 244 is provided in the flat front wall of the housing. The front needle hole 270 passes through the front wall of the housing 242, below the front opening 244 and is aligned with a rear hole 270 of the needle in the rear wall of the housing 242. The spring block 284, the guide 286 and the shelf 282 are fixed to or integral with the p? < ^ 280 and / or the walls of the housing 242. The shelf 282 has a height that is only a fraction of the height of the housing 282, while the spring lock 284 and the guide 286 preferably extend completely from the floor 280 to the cover. As Figures 16, 17 and 18 are shown, a trailing arm 246 has a hook 248 formed by the peaks 250 on opposite sides of a cut 252. The trailing arm 246 is positioned within the housing 242 with an ear 256 on the trailing arm. 246 extending over the shelf 282. A slot or hole 258 for needle is provided in the front leg 254 of the locking arm 246. Referring to FIGS. 13 and 15, the spring 260 positioned within the spring bore 262 extends pair to push against a wheel 264, using the wheel 264 against the ramp 266 on the housing 242, and against the ear 256 on the rear end of the locking arm 246. The wheel 264 has a serrated, grooved, rough or other surface coupling type / fp ce ion. Referring to Figure 13, with the safety catheter 200 assembled and ready for use (eg, as it would be provided in a sterile package), the housing cover 204 of the needle assembly 202 is placed over and around * the housing 242 of the needle tip lock 240, the needle 212 of the needle assembly 202 extending through the needle rear hole 270, through the needle slot 258 in the lock arm 246, through the needle front hole 278 , and into and through the catheter 222. The diameter of the needle 212 is selected to fit closely within the catheter shaft 224, and the length of the needle 212 allows the tip 214 to exit just beyond the tip 226 of the catheter shaft 224, as shown in Figure 13. Extending needle 212 through needle slot 258, hook 248 is supported on tracer arm 246, holding the flat back surface of the hub 228 of the catheter 222 against the front flat surface of the housing 242. Referring momentarily to FIG. 19, the flange stops 234 on the front surface of the housing 242 prevent the rotation of the catheter 222, so that the flanges 232 on the hub 228 of the cat ter can not rotate or come out under the hook 248 of the locking arm 246. If a full-luer lock 299 is used, the flanges 232 are not needed since the rotation of the catheter it will not affect its retention by the hook 248 of the trapping arm 246. In its typical use, as shown in figure 20, the safety catheter 200 as shown in figure 13, is removed from its package, l needle 212, together with the catheter shaft 224 is pushed through the skin and tissue 290 into a blood vessel 292. The blood 294 flows through the hollow needle 212 into the flash back chamber 206. The air in the back chamber flashed 206 is displace This is done by blood 294 and diffuses out through vent 220, which allows air, but not blood, to pass through. The presence of the blood 294 of the flash back camera 206 provides a visual indication to the user. R on Figures 20 and 21, while catheter 222 is held in position, needle assembly 202 is pulled back and separated from needle nose lock 240. Lock arm * 246, at position A , maintains the needle tip lock 240 left to the catheter 22? .. Or ja 256, in position C, holds wheel 284, in position 0, away from the needle. With the needle assembly 202 being pulled sufficiently far back, the tip 214 of the needle 212 is pulled into the housing 242 outward or backward of the needle slot 258. As soon as the needle 214 clears the needle slot 218, the locking arm 246 jumps (position D in Figure 21) - driven by the tension of the spring of the locking arm * 246 in the housing 242. The needle tip lock 240 can then be removed from the catheter 222, so that it can be connected an intravenous line to the catheter 222. As the needle slot 258 has moved upward, as shown in Figure 21, the needle 212 can no longer move forward out of the housing 242. Trying to push the needle 212 toward in front, simply urges the tip 214 to a solid section of the front leg 254 of the locking arm 246. The needle 212 can not be pulled out of the rear part of the housing 242 either, since the upward movement of the locking arm 24 6, from the position A in Figure 20 to the position B in Figure 21, also pivots or moves the ear 256 at the trailing end of the trailing arm 246 downwards (from the position C in Figure 20 to the position G in Figure 21), allowing the wheel 264 to engage-against the shaft 216 of the needle 212, in position F of Figure 21. Once released by the movement of the ear 256, the rim 264, driven by the spring 260, it is now coupled to the needle flap 216 and the rim 266, rather than the ear 256 and the ramp 266. The rough or serrated surface of the wheel 264 holds the shaft 216 of the needle 217, and the ramp 266, preventing the needle 214 from moving back out of the housing 242. The needle shank 216 can not be moved from the wheel 264 diverted to the shank 216, since the shank 216 is supported in the rear hole of the shank 216. the needle 270 and the guide 286. The movement towards the end of the needle shaft 216 causes the wheel 264 to move downwards to the a ramp 216 in additional and stronger stocking against the shank 216. The pie or toothed surface on the wheel 264 prevents slippage between the needle shank 216 and the wheel 264. As a result, the tip 214 of the needle 214 is contained securely inside the housing 242. The needle tip lock 240 and the needle assembly 202 (connected by the needle shaft 216) can then be disposed of safely. Since the catheter 222 can not be reached until it is withdrawn into needle assembly 202 (thereby securely securely locking the needle tip 214 into the housing 242 of the needle nose), the safety feature of locking from tip to tip does not defend the user's attention. Turning now to Figures 22-24, in an alternative embodiment the trailing arm 246 shown in Figures 13 and 16-17 can be replaced by a retainer 202 rotatably mounted within a housing 320. Referring to Figure 24, the retainer 302 it has the rear end 304 having a rear slot 306. A front end 312 of the rider is attached to the rear end 304 by an arm 308. A front leg 318 at the front end 312 has a front slot 316 and a hook 314. FIG. pivot pin 31.0 extends literally from arm 308, to rotatably mount retainer 302 within the housing within housing 320. Referring to Figure 22, a spring 260 drives a clamping wheel 264 on a ramp surface 266 already engaging with the rear end 304 of the retainer 302. The hook 314 extends outwardly from an upper opening 322 in the housing 320. The hook 314 engages the rnaz'a 228 of the catheter. r 222, preferably coupling the Luer tr-aba flanges 232, or alternatively the full-ring Luer lock ring, as is often used over normal catheters. The needle 132 extends through the housing 320 and through the rear slot 306 and the front slot 316 in the retainer 302. A tapered front attachment 144 on the housing 320 positions the hub of the catheter. An accessory 324 on the needle 132 may engage a tapered rear perforation 326 in the housing 320 for its greater support. As shown in Figure 22, the safety catheter 300 is ready for use. With the retainer 302 in position G as shown, catheter 222 can not be separated from housing 320. Therefore, after the needle and catheter are placed in the patient, the needle must be removed to reach the catheter. . Referring to Figure 23, as the needle 132 is removed, the floor 317 of the front groove 316 abuts and slides against the lower delivery of the needle, since it is urged to needle engagement through the spring 260 and wheel 254. However, this creates only a slight pulling force which does not effect the removal of the needle unnecessarily. Referring to Figure 23, when the tip 135 of the needle 132 moves backward from the front slot 316, the retainer 302 rotates the pivot upwards, releasing the hook 314 of the catheter 222. The catheter 222 and the housing 320 are separated then, so that connections can be made to the catheter. At the same time, the wheel 264 moves downwardly to the ramp 266 and engages the needle 132 and prevents further removal of the needle from the housing 320. The needle can not be pushed forward out of the housing 320 as the front opening 32B of the housing is now locked by the front leg 218 of the retainer 302. Accordingly, the tip 135 of the needle 132 is permanently secured within the housing 320, for safer handling and removal. Referring to Figures 25-27, an alternative embodiment improves the security catheter described in U.S. Patent No. 5,328,482, incorporated herein by reference. U.S. Patent No. 5,328,482 discloses a safety catheter using a lever arm of rigid material, formed in the general configuration of a broad U of unequal proportions, as shown therein, i.e. Figure 35. The embodiment 340 shown in Figures 25-27 allows the locking mechanism * of U.S. Patent No. 5,328,482 to be used with a catheter. Referring to Figure 25, the mode of the safety catheter 340 has a sleeve or housing 342 with a front disc or protective body 344. A housing block 346 and a housing support 350 extend upwardly and / or inwardly to par-i go from the lattices of the housing 344. a retainer 348 has a hook 354 extending outwardly from the housing 344 engages to couple and hold the catheter to the housing, a spring 352 urges the retainer 348 to the rear fiarte of the housing 344. Referring to Figure 22, the retainer 348 includes a rear leg 356, an arm 358, a front leg 360 and the hook 354 »A rear hole 362 in the rear leg 356 is aligned with the front hole 364 and the front leg 360. The use of the safety catheter 340 as shown in Figure 25 is ready to be placed on the patient. The hook 354 retains the catheter on the housing 344. After placement, as shown in Figure 26, the needle is withdrawn. When the tip 135 of the needle is pulled behind the front hole 364, the trigger 348 rotates or moves, releasing the hook 354 of the catter, which can now be separated from the housing 344. The spring 352 changes the retainer 348 to the position shown in Figure 26. In this position, the tip 135 of the needle can not be pushed forward and out of the housing 344, since it is blocked by * the front leg 360 of the retainer 348. The needle can not be pushed. continue to withdraw from the housing 344, since the rear leg 356 frictionally locks against the needle through the interaction of the angle of the rear leg that exerts a torque on the needle by the spring 352, as described in the US Pat. United States No. 5,328,482. Referring now to Figures 28-32, in another Klad modal more than 1 safety catcher 378, a sliding piece 390 within a housing 380 has a stop 388. a retainer 382 has a pressure button surface 394, the Tension arm 384 extends from pressure button 394, through an opening in housing 380, has a lip 386 collected from stop 388. A spring 400 has one end against a front pair-housing 380 and pushes the Sliding piece 390 backwards. A pair of legs 396 with feet 398 extending downward or inward from the push button 394 overlap the ears 406 over a catheter 402, to secure the catheter to the front of the housing 380. Use, with the catheter Safety 378 in the position shown in Figure 29, the needle and catheter are ready for placement. The tension created by the spring 480 on or through the foot is sliding 390 and the retainer 382 keeps them in the positions shown, the catheter * can not be separated from the housing 380, since it is held in place by the legs 396 and the feet 398 that overlap the ears 406 on the catheter. After its installation, it is expected to separate the catheter and the housing, the push button 394 is pushed downward or inward. This movement releases the stop 398 from the lip 386, as shown in Figure 32. Simultaneously, the feet 398 move downward so that y? they are not on the ears 406 of the catheter. The catheter 402 is then free to move forward through the legs 396 and separate from the housing 380. The spring urges the sliding piece 490 backward to automatically withdraw the tip 135 from the needle to the housing 380, where the needle can being contained in a secure manner will handle its handling or disposal, for example, as described in U.S. Patent No. 4,747,831, incorporated herein by reference. The configuration of the legs 396 and the feet 398 can be changed for use with a catheter having ears or a trust pull ring. Several of the features shown in the drawings can be used on the different modalities described. For example, the needle assembly having the flash back camera shown in Figure 13 can also be used in the modes shown in the other figures. Different configurations of catheter hubs may also be used and alternative designs or materials may be employed in place of the springs shown in the drawings. In addition, equivalents of the retainers shown and described can be used. Referring to Figure 33, in certain procedures, such as blood gas sampling, the blood is withdrawn with a hypodermic syringe and a needle assembly 500. However, instead of discarding the entire needle assembly 500 (as is often the case with case when injecting), the needle 504 must be removed from the syringe 502. Since the shaft 506 of the needle 504 is often shorter, there may be little room for the fingers of the medical technician to grasp, rotate or remove the needle 504 after the shaft 506 of the needle 504 is completely inserted into a safety device, such as the housing 30 shown in FIG. 2. To better provide for separating the needle 504 from the syringe 502, as shown in FIGS. Figures 33-40, a security device 520 has an outer cover 522 slidably placed on the housing 540. The cover 522 has longitudinal ribs 524 around its outer circumference. An opening 526 in the upper part or front of the cover 522 has grooves 528 that are abused inwardly along an inner surface 532 tapering conically. The cover 522 has a receiving groove 530, to provide clearance * for an edge extension 588 over the housing 540, when the cover is completely placed on the housing 540, as shown in Figure 533. Referring to FIG. Figure 34, the housing 540 has a tapered plate surface 542 that has a metal cladding 544 fixed (eg, bonded, molded or molded) to the plate surface 542. A needle aperture 546 extends through the center of the plate surface 542 and the liner 544. The housing 540 has a chassis slot 550 on one side, with an ear slot 552 above the chassis slot 550.

Returning to Figures 34 and 39, a chassis 560 (preferably molded with a single plastic unit) has an ear 562, a straight track 574 and an inclined wall 572, forming in part a wheel depression 568. A clamping wheel 564 it is placed within the wheel depression 568. A spring 566 is reported within the spring slot 570 formed by the * inner walls of the chassis. The clamping wheel 564 is preferably a steel wheel having a grooved or rough surface around its circumference (for example, a cigarette lighter wheel). Spring 566 is advantageously a soft rubber block. The seal block 566 is contained within the chassis 560 and held in place by the chassis walls. The seal block is preferably a soft rubber or plastic material. Preferably, the spring 566 and the seal block 566 are combined in one integral piece, with the spring 566 formed as a projection on the block 570, as shown in Figure 40. The chassis 560 has an upper wall 563 having a needle entry opening 565 adjacent the straight wall 574. with the chassis 540, the housing 540 and the cover 522 assembled and ready to use *, as shown in Figure 33, in the opening 526 of the cover 522; the opening 546 in the housing 540; and the opening 565 in the chassis, are aligned, so that the needle tip 510 can freely pass through them, between the straight wall 574 and the clamping wheel 564, and the sealing block-566. The lower wall 567 Substantially impenetrable chassis 560 prevents tip 510 from piercing through the chassis. Turning to Figures 36 and 38, a depression 534 is formed on the inside of the cover 522 above the accommodation slot 530, and is adapted to receive the ear 562 on the chassis 550. The cover 522 is provided with slots 528 which preferably agree with the number of slots 512 on the hub 508 of the needle 504 (Figure 33). The slots 528, as shown in Figures 33, 36, 37 and 38, are spaced apart from each other and oriented to appropriately interlock with the slots 512 on the needle hub 508. The typical needles 504 have 4 slots 512. Thus, the needles 504 thus, the cover 522 is also provided with 4 slots 528, although other numbers and shapes can be provided to work with different ones. In use, the tip 510 of the needle 504 is inserted through the opening 526 and the cover 522, through the needle opening 546 and the chassis 560 where it is engaged and locked by the interaction of the wheel 564, the spring 566, straight wall 564 and inclined wall 572, as described above in connection with, for example, Figures 3, 4 v 5. Device 520 is preferably held in a tray or other accessory during needle injection; Trust to keep your hands away from the needle point. Referring to Figure 33 with the needle 504 fully inserted, there is little or no clearance between the needle 508 of the needle 504 and the front or upper surface 523 of the cover 522. Therefore, it is difficult to ordinarily hold and rotate the hub. 508 for removing the needle 504 from the syringe 502. However, since the cover 522 is spaced from the housing 540 and the chassis 560, the cover 522 can move up along the shaft 506 of the needle 50 '+, while that the loo 540 remains around and captures the tip 510 of the needle 504 towards the hub 512. The grooves 528 and the tapered inlet surface 532 on the cover 522 are configured to fit and mate with the hub 508 and the grooves 512. With the cover 522 engaged on the hub 508, the cover can be rotated (counterclockwise) to unscrew the hub 508 from the syringe cords 514 at the lower end of the syringe 502. Next, the needle 504 (ie, the 500th aza and the stem 506) can be separated from the syringe 502 while the tip 510 of the needle 504 is captured within the housing 540., trust to avoid accidental functions with needle. If the needle is very short, for example, if the needle shaft 506 is approximately the same length as the height of the housing 540, the cover 22 can be attached to the needle hub 508, even before the tip 510 is deposited. in the seal block 576. In this case, the cover 22 does not need (and can not) slide towards the syringe 502 to engage the hub 508. Instead, the needle 504 is unscrewed simply by holding the syringe 502 and turning it over the cover 522 (with the housing 540 containing the chassis 560 rotating with the cover 522). On the other hand, the shaft 506 of the needle 504 is longer, the tip 510 is deposited inside the seal block 566 while the hub 508 is separated from the cover 522. In this situation, the cover 522 is pushed upwards and along the needle shaft to engage the hub 508. If the needle shaft 506 is exceptionally long, the cover 522 will be moved far enough away from the housing 540, which remains around the tip 510, If this occurs or does not affect the operation of the device 520, since the needle 504 is still unrestrainedly disposed from the syringe 502 while the tip 510 is captured in the housing 540. Furthermore, since the cover 522 can not be accommodated on the -e the cover 508, after the syringe 502 is separated from the needle 504, the needle 504, the cover 522 and the housing 540 necessarily remain together. The ear 562 on the chassis 560 fits within the depression 534 on the cover 522, it will act as an additional device against rotation between the cover 522 and the housing 540 (in addition to the interaction of the point 578 with the side walls of the accommodating groove 530 on the cover 522) although if the housing 540 rotates with the cover 522 when the needle 564 is unscrewed, it does not affect the operation of the device 520. Although the present invention contemplates »fitting the free end of the The surgical needle between a fastener element and an engaging element portion, alternative configurations of nesting, deflection and fastening can be used. you can use pairs of fastener elements, separated by a spring or a diverter element. With minor modifications, various sharp instruments can be accommodated, such as flat blades, angled or curved blades or needles.

Claims (10)

1. NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS 1. - A safety device for a needle, which comprises: a housing having a thin, flat profile, a first opening and a second opening; a cam mounted rotatably within the housing and movable to open and close the first opening; a spring inside the housing; and a clamping wheel inside the housing between the spring and the cam.
2. 2. A safety device according to claim 1, further comprising a catheter that fits over the housing adjacent to the first opening.
3. 3. A security device according to claim 1, further comprising an inclined wall in the housing adjacent to the second opening.
4. 4. A safety device according to claim 1, further comprising a first leg on the cam adjacent to the first opening and a second leg on the cam adjacent to the second opening.
5. 5. A safety device according to claim 4, further characterized in that the first leg is wider than the second leg.
6. 6. A security device according to claim 1, further comprising a catheter needle extending to the second opening and outside the first opening.
7. 7. A safety device according to claim 1, further comprising dentures on the outer surface of the clamping wheel.
8. 8. A security device according to claim 1, further comprising that the housing has a top-flat surface and a flat inner surface to allow the housing to be generally wound on the skin of a patient.
9. 9. The security device according to claim 1 or 8, further comprising two tapered surfaces on the housing, to provide a grip surface with the thumb and the other fingers.
10. 10. The security device according to claim 1, further comprising a support dent io the housing, placed to make rotable contact by a needle that extends through the housing, 11.- A safety device. for a needle, comprising: a housing with a thin flat profile having a lower end wall with a normal catheter fitting, a legit of opposite parallel side walls attached to the lower end wall, and a pair of converging tapered side walls attached to the side walls and an upper end wall; a cam mounted rotatably on a pin in the housing, the cam having a first leg and a second leg, with the first leg wider than the second leg; a first opening through the fitting and a second opening in the upper end wall and aligned with the first opening; a wheel its maker having a rough outer surface in contact with the second leg of the cam; a spring projecting from a spring receptacle in the housing, the spring being in direct contact with the clamping wheel by urging the clamping wheel against it; second leg of the cam and towards one of the tapered side walls. 12. A safety catheter comprising: a needle nose triad having a housing; a needle assembly including a needle having a tip and a needle shaft, the needle shaft passing through the needle tip lock housing; a cat ter that has a club; and means for holding the catheter to hold the catheter on the housing of the needle tip, until the needle point is pulled into the housing; and locking means - is to lock the tip of the needle inside the housing. 13. The safety catheter according to claim 12, further comprising a housing cover over the needle assembly adapted to fit over the housing of the needle nose. 14. The safety catheter according to claim 13, further comprising a flash back camera on the housing cover, which is connected to the au ,, 15 »- The safety catheter according to claim 12 further characterized in that the means of support of the catheter- comprise a clamping arm having a hook extending out of the housing of the needle tip lock »16., - The safety catheter according to claim 12 further characterized in that the locking means comprise a ramp surface dent or housing, a locking wheel on the ramp surface and deflecting means driving the rolls to the ramp surface and to the needle shaft. 17. The safety catheter according to claim 12, further comprising flanges on the catheter hub and flange stops on the housing adjacent to the bids. 18, .- The compliance safety catheter with claim 12 further characterized in that the catheter support means comprises a retainer having a rear leg and a front leg joined by an arm section, with a hook on the leg The front piece extending outside the housing will hold a catheter on the housing. 19. The safety catheter according to claim 18, further comprising a spring in the housing that pushes against the posterior leg. 20. - The safety catheter in accordance with the rei indication 12 further characterized in that the means for supporting the catheter comprise a push button having a lip coupled with a stop on a sliding foot. 21. The safety catheter comprising: a housing; a retainer cam positioned rotationally in the locker, the retainer cam having a first leg and a second leg, with a hook on the second leg extending out of the housing; a clamping wheel inside the housing; a spring that urges the clamping wheel against the first end of the retainer cam; a catheter secured liberally to the housing by the hook; and a needle extending through the housing and through the slots in the first leg and the second leg. 22. The safety catheter according to claim 21 further characterized in that the housing has a flat top and a flat bottom fiarte. 23. A security device will secure a needle comprising: a housing having an upper wall that includes a needle opening; a chassis within the housing, the chassis having a straight wall, an inclined wall forming a sharp angle with the straight wall, a clamping wheel and a spring that drives the clamping wheel towards the straight wall and the inclined wall; and a cover rotatably mounted on the housing, the cover having a conically tapered inlet aligned with the needle opening, and a multitude of slots on the inlet. 24. The safety catheter in accordance with claim 23 further characterized in that the chassis is positioned rabi fi ely within a chassis slot in the lojaini nt o. 25. A security device according to claim 23, further comprising a bridge section on the housing and a bridge slot on the cover.