MXPA97003311A - Method and device for flui spraying - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and a device for spraying fluids is provided, for example diesel oil in an internal combustion engine, in which an impact body (86) having an impact surface (87) on a piston (81) is placed. of a diesel engine cylinder and a second impact body (71) having an impact surface (73) is slidably positioned under the influence of a helical spring (70) on the cylinder head (69) of the cylinder. Diesel oil is provided to the surface (73) of an inlet (80) through the conduits (78, 76, 75 and 74). The movement of the piston (81) towards the head (69) of the cylinder results in impact of the surfaces (73 and 87) so it atomizes the diesel oil between them at the appropriate time to obtain the optimum combustion of the fuel.

Description

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FLUID PULVERIZATION CAM O TgCyiCQ The invention relates to a method for spraying or atomizing fluids and a device for carrying out such a method.

AWTgCS B IS DB THE TECHNIQUE A method and device of the type of which the invention is related is described in WO 94/25176 which corresponds to the pending patent application with co-ownership. From this publication it is known to spray or atomize fluid by providing a predetermined amount of fluid between a first surface and a second surface separated from the first, subsequently the two surfaces move towards each other until the first surface is essentially on the entirety of its extension essentially in contact with the second surface and at such a speed that the fluid between the two surfaces is pressed outward to the environment, by means of the periphery of the surfaces with a speed sufficient to spray the fluid.

REF: 24729 So that the formation of a fluid spray with a greater part of droplets with a diameter greater than 10 micrometers without the use of propellants and with low energy requirements is obtained which returns to the method and the device to carry The method is quite suitable for administering medicinal solutions or suspensions for inhalation. To administer different medical substances through the membranes of the lung, it is important and even essential that the size of the droplets be small enough to penetrate into the smallest and deepest albeola of the lungs in which the membrane is thinnest and This way allows even larger molecules such as insulin to be assimilated into the bloodstream through the membrane. Furthermore, for some applications in the pharmaceutical field and in other fields such as internal combustion engines, it is also important that the droplet size range be approximated to a desired size range. This range of size may be different for different medical substances to be administered according to the particular path or travel path desired in the lungs and the desired delivery region in the lungs for a particular medicinal solution or suspension.

In addition, it is important to administer inhaled sprayed medical fluid in such a way that the effect of deficiencies in the inhalation technique, skill and strength of each patient are minimized.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is to provide a method and device for spraying fluids by means of which it is possible to provide droplets of size small enough for the particular application and with a size range approaching the desired size range. This is obtained according to the invention by the method comprising the steps of: placing a portion of fluid between a first surface and a second surface separated from the first, moving the first surface towards the second surface until the fluid portion is impacted by at least a portion of each surface so that the fluid is pressed outwardly between the surfaces to the surrounding part with a speed sufficient to spray the fluid, to regulate the size range of the droplets in the sprayed fluid to approximate to the desired size range by means of one or more of the following steps: moving the second surface generally in the same direction as the first surface during the period of time in which a portion of fluid is pressed out from between the surfaces , filtering the largest droplets of atomized fluid by means of absorbent elements, Separate part of the larger droplets of the pulverized fluid, separate part of the smaller droplets of the pulverized fluid, subject the droplets of the atomized fluid to a gas or air stream, cause the droplets to disperse, cause part of the larger droplets of the pulverized fluid to settle or condense on surfaces, causing part of the smaller droplets of the atomized fluid sedimenten or condense on surfaces, cause the size of the droplets of the atomized fluid to decrease by means of evaporation of the fluid in the droplets, and select the configuration of the surfaces and / or the direction of displacement of the surfaces in relation to a to the other and / or the speed of movement of the surfaces relative to one another, and / or the size of the fluid portion and / or the position of the fluid portion relative to the two surfaces so that the Droplet size range approximates the desired size range for the particular fluid and / or the particular position of the surfaces relative to the circumferential part. particular dante. It is thus obtained that the fluids are sprayed with a very small average droplet size and with a size range suitable for the particular application, for example administration of different medicinal substances through the lung membranes and providing low emission of combustion of various liquid fuels such as diesel oil and gasoline in internal combustion engines. According to the invention, the first surface can be placed on a first body and the second surface can be placed on a second body, the second body moves under the influence of the movement of the first body for at least a period of time. So the sprinkling of the droplets in the sprayed fluid is not flat, but it becomes three-dimensional so the tendency of the last emitted droplets to intersect with the droplets emitted above is reduced and coalesce with them to form larger droplets, not desirable Advantageously, the second surface moves against the action of a deflecting element that biases the second body towards the first body generally in the direction of movement of the surfaces, one relative to the other. Preferably, the influence of movement of the first body with respect to the second body is at least partially obtained by the action of deflecting elements that deflect the two bodies away from one another, generally in the direction of displacement of the surfaces one in relation to the other. the other. Advantageously, the fluid may be constituted of one or more medicinal substances for the treatment of a disease such as asthma, diabetes, hormonal imbalance, genetic disorder and the like. In addition, medical substances can advantageously be in solution and / or suspension in a suitable liquid carrier such as water.

Advantageously, the fluid may consist of diesel oil for use in an internal combustion engine powered by diesel oil. In addition, the fluid may advantageously consist of gasoline for use in a gasoline-driven internal combustion engine. In addition, the fluid may consist of a liquid fuel other than diesel oil or gasoline for use in a correspondingly activated internal combustion engine. In case the fluid is diesel oil or a similar fuel, the two bodies can advantageously be placed in a combustion chamber of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, the first body is joined or is an integral constituent part of the engine. a corresponding piston surface of the motor, and the second body is joined to the upper surface of the cylinder, the movement of the surfaces one in relation to the other is provided by the movement of the piston in relation to the cylinder. Advantageously, the second body can be displaced on the upper surface of the cylinder, in the direction substantially towards the first body against the action of a deflecting element.

In the case where two bodies are placed in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine cylinder, the second body is placed in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine cylinder. can join a corresponding piston surface of the motor and the first body can be attached or can be integral and constituent part of the upper surface of the cylinder, the movement of the surfaces one in relation to the other is provided by the movement of the piston in relation to the cylinder. Advantageously, the second body can be displaceable on the surface of the piston of the cylinder in a direction substantially towards the first body, against the action of a deviation element. In the case where the fluid is gasoline or a similar liquid fuel, the two bodies can be positioned so that the fluid portion is impacted by the two surfaces within the combustion air inlet duct for an internal combustion engine, the pulverized fluid can be carried by the combustion air and transported to the combustion chamber of one or more cylinders of the engine. Advantageously, the first body can be slidably positioned in a first portion of the wall of the conduit for alternating sliding movement, generally transverse to the wall between a first position, in which the first surface is separated from the second surface of the second body. which is placed in a second position of the wall substantially opposite the first portion, and a second position in which the first surface abuts the second surface. Furthermore, the sliding movement of the first body from the first position to the second position can advantageously be carried out against the action of a deflecting element which deflects the first body from the second position towards the first position. In addition, the alternating slidable movement of the first body can be obtained by the action of an actuating element that is operated in synchronization with the ignition sequence of one or more cylinders of the corresponding internal combustion engine. Finally, in this case, the action of the actuator element on the first body can advantageously be implemented by means of deflection elements interposed between the actuator element and the first body, and deflect the first body generally in the direction from the first position to the second position. Advantageously, the first and second surfaces can be placed in an airflow passage by inhalation of an inhalation device, and in such a case, advantageously a pressurized air reservoir can be filled before atomizing the fluid, the Pressurized air is released into the air flow conduit during at least part of the fluid spray and entrain droplets of atomized fluid. further, advantageously a pressurized air reservoir can be filled during at least part of the atomization of the fluid, the air fills the reservoir flowing past the surfaces and entrains droplets of atomized fluid, the air is released into the flow conduit of the fluid. air during inhalation by a patient. Advantageously, the reservoir can be a balloon of elastic material and air can be filled into the balloon by exhalation or by blowing into the airflow passage, by a patient. For medical purposes, an absorbent element can be advantageously positioned so that the paths of at least part of the larger droplets produced by the combined forces of atomization and inhalation air flow pressure intersect in the absorbent element. The invention is further related to a device for spraying fluids, the device comprises, according to the invention, a first body having a first surface and a second body having a second surface, elements for moving the first body towards the second body towards a spray position for both bodies, in which the first surface substantially abuts the second surface, fluid dispersing elements in communication with a region of one of the surfaces, and elements for removing the pulverized fluid from the region adjacent to the surfaces in the spray position. Advantageously, the device may be additionally constituted by elements that allow the displacement of the second body from the spray position in a direction substantially equal to the direction of movement of the first body immediately before it reaches the spray position thereof. . Preferably, the elements for allowing the displacement of the second body comprise a deflecting element that biases the second body towards the atomization position thereof. Advantageously, a means or deflection element is placed between the first body and the second body to deflect the bodies away from one another in the spray position thereof. The device according to the invention can advantageously further comprise an air flow duct for receiving the atomized air fluid and transporting it to an outlet from the duct carried in the air flow and an absorption element in the duct to absorb it. droplets of atomized fluid that affect or settle in it. Advantageously, the device can be additionally constituted by an air flow duct for receiving the atomized fluid and transporting it to an outlet from the duct carried in the air flow and a reservoir for pressurized air communicating with the flow duct of the air flow. air. In addition, the conduit can be advantageously provided with a one-way valve element at its inlet, the valve member allows only air to flow into the conduit. Advantageously, the reservoir can communicate with the air flow conduit at the point between the inlet and the region in which the atomized fluid is received. In addition, the reservoir can advantageously communicate with the air flow conduit at a point in the region where the air flow conduit receives the pulverized fluid. The reservoir preferably consists of an inflatable balloon of elastic material such as rubber.

Preferably, an absorption element is placed in the conduit to absorb droplets of atomized fluid that impinge or settle on it. The invention is further related to an internal combustion engine that uses a fuel such as gasoline or the like as the combustion element and which comprises an air inlet duct for combustion in which a spray device according to the invention is placed. , the element for fluid supply thereof communicates with a source for the fuel. Furthermore, the invention relates to an internal combustion engine using a fuel such as diesel oil or the like and having a spraying device according to the invention placed in the combustion chamber of each cylinder, the fluid spout of each spraying device communicates with a source for the fuel.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in which the various embodiments are shown by way of example and in which: Figure 1 schematically shows a longitudinal, partial sectional view of one embodiment of a Inhaler according to the invention, Figure 2 shows a partial cross-sectional view along line AA in Figure 1, Figure 3 schematically shows a partial longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of an inhaler. according to the invention, figure 4 schematically shows a partial, longitudinal sectional view of another additional embodiment of an inhaler according to the invention, figures 5-8 show schematically a partially partial longitudinal sectional view exploded, of an alternative embodiment of a device for supplying fluid for an inhaler, according to the invention, at different stages in the process for fluid supply, Figure 9 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a spray device according to the invention for gasoline and similar liquid fuels for use in an internal combustion engine, according to the invention , Figures 10-15 illustrate various successive steps in the operation of a spray device of Figure 9, Figure 16 schematically shows a cross-section, partially broken away, through a spray device embodiment, in accordance with The invention, for diesel oil and similar liquid fuels, for use in an internal combustion engine, according to the invention, Figures 17a-17m schematically illustrate various embodiments of impact bodies and impact surfaces in accordance with the invention. the invention for use with devices, sprayers according to dimension, and the figures 18 and 19 schematically show a side elevational view and a side perspective view, respectively, of another additional embodiment of an atomizing device according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION With reference to Figures 1 and 2, an inhaler for a powdered medicinal fluid comprises a cover 1 housing a replaceable container 2 for the medicinal fluid, a battery 3 for activating the spray function, a removable nozzle 4, a frame 5 removable inlet air filter to which an air filter 6 is fitted, which is referred to as a solenoid coil 7 fixedly attached to one end of an insert 9 and which serves to axially displace a driver shaft 8 of a material suitable for cooperating with the coil 7 solenoid disposed on the insert 9 and a shaft 8 having an impact body 10 at the end opposite the solenoid coil 7. The insert 9 is provided with a substantially flat impact surface 11 for cooperation with the corresponding substantially flat impact surface 12 of the impact body 10. The insert is additionally provided with a bore 13 for receiving and guiding the shaft 8 during axial displacement thereof. The perforation has an expanded portion that provides a fluid flow conduit 13a for the medicinal fluid released from the container 2 through the activated valve element 14 upon depressing the container 2 by means of an activation button 15 extending through of a removable cover 10 disposed on the cover 1 to allow replacement of the container 2 when empty. The perforation 13 is further provided with an expanded portion 17 housing a helical spring 18 positioned between a flange 19 of the insert 9 and a washer 20 fixedly attached to the axle 8. The axle 8 extends in the spool 7 of solenoid as indicated by dashed lines. The insert 9 is fixedly positioned within the cover 1 by means of a bushing 21 integral with the retainer portions 22 integral with the cover 1. The nozzle 4 is provided with a replaceable absorption filter sleeve 23 made of a suitable fluid-absorbing material from which it is absorbed and therefore fluids that are not inhaled can be easily removed when the sleeve 23 or the complete nozzle is detached from the cover 1 for cleaning. The cover 1 additionally houses an activation system for the solenoid coil 7 comprising a vane or wing 24 rotatable for cooperation with a reed relay 25, the wing 24 and the relay 25 extend through an opening 28a in the cover 1 into an inhalation air duct 26 surrounding the insert 9. The relay 25 electrically communicates with a control element 27 for the activation of the solenoid coil 7. In operation, the nozzle 4 is inserted into the mouth of a patient and the activation button 15 is pressed so that it releases the medicinal fluid from the container 2 upon pressing it and activating the valve element 14 in a manner very similar to the manner described in WO 95/25176. The medicinal fluid flows into the conduit 13a of the fluid flow by filling it, the conduit is sealed at its outer end by means of a stop of the impact surface 12 against the impact surface 11 caused by the action of the spring force of the coil spring 18 in the washer 20 and therefore in the axis 8. The patient then inhales through the nozzle 4 which causes the air to flow through the air filter 6 and the inhalation air duct 16. The flow of air causes the bay 24 to rotate and contact the laminar relay 25, thereby activating the control element 27 supplied with power from the battery 3. The control system causes the supply of negative alternating electrical impulses. and positive to the solenoid coil 7 whereby it causes the shaft 8 to be forcedly displaced axially to and from the bore 13 from a first position in which the impact surfaces 11 and 12 bump into each other, and a second position which is shown in Figure 1, in which the surfaces are mutually separated which allows the fluid to flow through the conduit 13a on the impact surface 11. The displacement of the axis 8 from the second position to the first position is aided by the force of the spring of the helical spring 18 and causes the impact surfaces 11 and 12 to be forced to abut one another so that they press the fluid portion. medicinal on the impact surface 11 out from between the surface 11 and 12 and into the interior of the air flow in the air flow conduit 26 in the form of droplets of various sizes. The number of alternating displacements of the axis 8 and the dimensions of the fluid conduit 13a are selected in accordance with the required dosage of the medicinal fluid. Smaller droplets and some of the larger droplets will be entrained by the air flow and transported through the nozzle 4 to the patient's respiratory ducts while the rest of the larger droplets will travel through the airflow to collide the filter sleeve 23 due to the greater inertia of the larger droplets. The droplets that hit the filter sleeve 23 will be absorbed by it in this way they are effectively removed from the air inhaled by the patient. The nozzle 4 or the filter sleeve 23 alone can be removed regularly for cleaning as can also the air filter 6. The distance between the impact surfaces 11 and 12 and the filter sleeve 23 may vary according to the required degree of removal of larger droplets from the vaporized liquid. The shape of the nozzle can vary in many ways to improve the filtering effect. To further improve the removal of larger droplets of atomized fluid in the inhalation airflow, a system of deflection plates (not shown) can be provided, for example, which extend alternatively from two opposite regions of the nozzle wall. partially inside it, and covered with a suitable absorbent material, inside the nozzle and in this way combine an absorption effect with a separation effect due to the changes of direction of air flow caused by the deflection plates based on the greater inertia of the larger droplets. The button 15 can also be pressed at a later stage so it releases fluid only during part of the inhalation process which, in some cases it will provide a better administration of the medicinal substance. Referring now to Figure 3, the inhaler is very similar to one shown in Figures 1 and 2, except that an air flow reinforcement device, fitted to the air inlet filter frame 5, which is prolonged and modified to house the reinforcement device. The removable filter frame 5 is fitted with an air filter 6, as in Fig. 1, and is additionally provided with a one-way valve element 27a having an array of openings 28 in which valves are placed 29 one way. Such valves allow air to pass through the openings in the direction from the filter 6 to the nozzle 4 corresponding to the inhalation by the patient, but do not allow air to pass in the opposite direction, which corresponds to exhalation or blowing. for the patient. A row of openings 30 is circumferentially provided on the filter frame 5 communicating the inhalation air duct 26 with the interior of an air flow reinforcement balloon 31 having the shape of a bull (donut) in inflated condition and which is releasably attached to the filter frame 5 in an air-tight manner by means of the snap-fit fastening members 32 by annular insertion. The balloon 31 is shown both in its fully inflated condition and in its fully deflated condition. The balloon 31 is made of an elastic material such as rubber. In operation, the nozzle 4 is inserted into the mouth of a patient subsequently the patient blows through the nozzle whereby it inflates the balloon 31 as the valves 29 do not allow air to escape through the valve element 27a by means of the 6 air filter. After (or earlier for this subject) the balloon has been fully inflated, the button 15 is depressed and the patient stops blowing and initiates inhalation thereby activating the spraying process, as described in relation to figure 1. Inhalation air will become part of the balloon 31 in shrinkage and partially through the valve member 27a as the valve 29 allows air to flow in this direction. The reinforcement device increases the air flow velocity passing the impact surfaces 11 and 12 and therefore alters the entrainment characteristics for the droplets of vaporized fluid in the inhalation air and allows another removal percentage for the further droplets. Large, this effect is further increased if deflection plates coated with absorbent material are used, as described above in relation to Figure 1. In addition, the reinforcement device helps the patient to inhale the medicine fluid, particularly if the patient is weak. The balloon 31 is replaced by uncoupling the fixing members 32 and installing a new balloon 31 as soon as the elasticity of the first material of the balloon becomes too weak or is punctured.

Referring now to Figure 4, the inhaler is very similar to that shown in Figures 1 and 2, except that the filter sleeve 23 is not present, an air flow and droplet separation and dispersion device is fitted. , combined, to a modified nozzle 33, and the air inlet filter frame 5 has been adjusted with one way valve element 27a very similar to that shown in figure 3. The removable filter frame 5 is fitted with a filter 6 of air as in Figure 1 and is further provided with a one-way valve element 27a having an array of openings 28 in which one-way valves 29 are placed. Such valves 29 allow air to pass through the openings in the direction from the filter 6 to the nozzle 33 that corresponds to inhalation by the patient, but does not allow air to pass in the opposite direction, which corresponds to exhalation or blowing. for the patient. Four circumferentially elongated openings 34 are provided in the nozzle 33 which communicates the inhalation air duct 26 with the interior of a balloon of air flow reinforcement and droplet separation and dispersion that has the shape of a bull in an inflated condition and that is releasably attached to the nozzle 33 in an air-tight manner by meof snap fastening members 36 by annular insertion. The balloon 35 is shown both in its fully inflated condition and in its fully deflated condition. The balloon 35 is made of an elastic material such as rubber. An additional activation system for the solenoid coil 7 is provided through one of the openings 34 and comprising a vane 37 rotatable for cooperation with a reed relay 38. The relay 38 electrically communicates with the control element 27 for the activation of the solenoid coil 7. In operation, the nozzle 33 is inserted into the mouth of a patient subsequently the patient blows through the nozzle whereby it inflates the balloon 35 according to the valves 29 not allowing air to escape through the valve element 27a. Immediately before starting to inflate the balloon 35, the patient presses the button 15. The inflation air flows inside the balloon 35 through the openings 34 which causes the bay 37 to rotate and come into contact with the relay 38 of sheets thereby activates the spraying process as described in relation to figure 1. The pulverized fluid is entrained in the air that is blown inside the balloon 35 and is trorted into the interior of the balloon. As soon as the balloon 35 has been fully inflated, the patient can inhale while holding the button 15 depressed during at least part of the inhalation process, or can inhale after releasing the button 15. In the first case, the fluid still sprayed is suspended in the air in the balloon 35 will be released together with the air and will supplement the atomized fluid that is entrained in the additional air passing through the inlet valve element 27a according to the vain 24 and the laminar relay 25 take over the activation of the solenoid coil 7 from the aperture 37 and the lamina relay 38, while the fluid flow from the container 2 continues. In the second case, only the fluid sprayed in the balloon 35 will be inhaled by the patient together with additional air passing through the inlet valve element 27a as the fluid supply from the container 2 has been cut off before inhaling. In both cases, the atomized fluid carrier inside the balloon 35 will be subject to a series of processes that effect a change in the size range of the droplets and their distribution in the air within the balloon and therefore in the air inhaled by the patient.

The evaporation rate of droplets of the size produced by the spraying process is very high percentage and therefore the additional time elapsed between atomization and inhalation, in both cases, it will considerably reduce the size of all the droplets in the balloon 35 so that it reduces the average size of the droplets inhaled by the patient. The size of the balloon 35 determines the size of the reduction size to the extent that the proportion of air quantity inhaled from the balloon 35 relative to the amount of air inhaled through the inlet valve 27a, while simultaneously continuing the atomization process (first case). In addition, a larger proportion of large droplets will sediment or condense on the inner surface of the balloon 35 compared to the smaller droplets so that the average droplet size in the air in the balloon 35 will also be reduced. This process is also affected by the size and shape of the balloon 35 and can be improved by providing the balloon 35 with interior condensing / sedimentation surfaces in the form of partition walls, inwardly extending projections and the like (not shown). Finally, a dision process will take place inside the balloon 35 whereby a more regular distribution of the droplets in the inhalation air will be obtained and the desirable tendency of the droplets to settle on the surfaces of the patient's respiratory tract will be reduced. In addition, the dision of the droplets will reduce the formation of larger droplets during the fusion of droplets with each other. The balloon 35 can be removed in a manner similar to balloon 31 in Figure 3, either for replacement or to remove the fluid accumulated therein as a result of sedimentation and condensation of the droplets. The timing of the pressure of the button 15 with respect to the inhalation process will also influence the range of size of the droplets and the dosage received by the patient. However, for safety reasons, an electronic cutting system (preferably combined with a mechanical safety element in the container 2) of the fluid supply will limit the maximum dosage to the maximum dose for the particular medicinal substance and possibly for the particular patient . This synchronization and the synchronization of the atomization process can be carried out by electronic control systems and an electrically activated valve and a relay activated by the solenoid which can be preprogrammed for optimal synchronization of the desired output of the inhaler, according to the substance particular medicinal, the particular desired dosage, the particular desired size range of the droplets and the particular patient. Such electronic control system in this way can replace the synchronization control implemented by the patient in the modalities shown in Figures 1-4. Referring now to Figs. 5-8, a preferred embodiment of a device for fluid delivery, for an inhaler as shown and described with reference to Figs. 1-4, is schematically illustrated, wherein similar parts are indicated with the same numbers as in figures 1-4. In this embodiment, the shaft 8 is provided with a radially expanded portion 39 adjacent the impact body 10 and having an annular shoulder 40. A bore 41 in the insert 42 houses the shaft 8 and the sleeve 43 positioned with a fit 7 between the shaft 8 and the bore 41 and is therefore slidable in relation to both the bore 41 and the 8-axis. 39 expands tightly into the bore 41 which allows axial displacement substantially fluid-tight thereof in the bore. The expanded portion 17 of the bore 41 houses the washer 20, the helical spring 18, a washer 44 fixedly attached to the insert 42 and a friction washer 45 interposed between the washer 44 and the insert 42 and which frictionally engages the sleeve 43. The otion of the device for fluid supply is illustrated by the four stages shown, in sequence, in Figures 5-8. In figure 5, the device is in its initial stage of a sequence of stroke of the axis 8. The surfaces 11 and 12 abut one another under the influence of the helical spring 18, and the sleeve 43 is in the innermost position that meets the the flange 40 and is engaged by friction with the friction washer 45. The fluid emerging from the valve 40 is prevented from flowing to the surface 11 by a substantially hermetic adjustment of the expanded portion 39 in the bore 41. In Fig. 6, the solenoid coil 6 has been activated and has displaced the shaft 8 outwards, against the influence of the helical spring 18. The sleeve 43 is retained in its initial position by means of a friction fit with the friction washer 45. As an annular space 46 is formed between the sleeve 43 and the flange 40, the space is filled with fluid from the valve 14. The washer 20 abuts the outer end of the sleeve 43. In Figure 7, the shaft 8 has been moved to its outermost position by the solenoid coil 7, the helical spring 18 has been completely compressed. The washer 20 has moved the sleeve 43 to its outermost position against the frictional resistance of the friction washer 45. The annular space 46 has been moved to a position outside the insert 42 and the fluid portion contained in its annular space has been at least partially released to the impact surface 11. In Figure 8, the shaft has been moved backward by the combined influence of the solenoid coil 7 and the coil spring 18 to a position in which the flange 40 abuts the sleeve 43 and is retained in position by the friction force exerted therein by the friction washer 45 so that it closes the annular space 46 and expels all of the fluid contained therein in the impact surface 11. The axle 8 is then forcedly moved back to the position shown in figure 5, whereby it impinges on the fluid portion on the impact surface 11 on the impact surface 12 whereby it pulverizes the fluid . The device is now ready to start a new spray cycle. Obviously, the size of the fluid portion supplied to the impact surface 11 during each spray cycle can vary as one or more of the relevant dimensions of the sleeve 43, the bore 41, the shaft 8 and the expanded portion 39 vary. The friction washer 45 can be positioned with, the movement of the sleeve 43 in relation to the flange 40 and the bore 41 can be obtained by the impact of the washer 20 and the flange 40 on the sleeve combined with the inertia of the sleeve, with the condition that the frequency and force of the impacts are chosen according to the inertia and other factors that may alter. Referring now to Fig. 9 and Figs. 10-15, schematically illustrating one embodiment of a spray device according to the invention, for gasoline and similar liquid fuels for use in an internal combustion engine and in accordance with the invention, and various successive stages in the operation of the spray device are illustrated schematically. A combustion air inlet duct 47 for the combustion cylinder or cylinders of an internal combustion engine that uses a combustion fluid such as gasoline or a similar liquid fuel has two air flow ducts 48 and 49 between which they place two substantially cylindrical impact bodies 50 and 51, each having an impact surface 52 and 53, respectively.

The impact body 50 is slidably positioned in a bushing 54 fixedly attached to the conduit wall 47, an annular element spring 55 of the harmonic type is placed between an annular flange 56 of the impact body 50 and the surface from one end of the bushing 54, the spring element 55 biases the impact body 50 in a direction axially away from the impact body 51. A piston ring 57 between the impact body 57 and the bushing 54 provides a seal therebetween. The impact body 50 is additionally provided with an axial bore 58 for receiving two harmonic-type spring elements 59 and slidably accommodates a rod 60 which abuts the spring elements 59 at one end and which are provided with a roller 61 at the opposite end. The roller 61 is rotatably coupled to a substantially elliptical cam surface 62 or a cam shaft 63 interconnected in a driven manner with a cam mechanism, not shown, which operates in synchronization with the firing sequence of the combustion cylinder or cylinders. the motor. The spring constant of the spring element 55 is considerably smaller than the combined spring constant of the two spring elements 59.

The impact body 51 is fixedly attached and sealed to the wall of the conduit 47 by means of a threaded screw coupling 64 having a flange 65 which abuts a flange 66 of the conduit wall. The impact body is provided with an axial fluid supply conduit 67 communicating with the impact surface 53 at one end and with a device for supplying a fluid portion which is indicated diagrammatically with the number 68 at the opposite end. The operation of the spray device shown in Figure 9 is illustrated in Figures 10-15 and sequentially shows a cycle corresponding to the spraying of a single portion of liquid fuel. In FIG. 10, the impact body 50 is displaced towards the impact body 51 by means of the force exerted by the spring element 59 against the force exerted by the spring element 55. The spring element 59 is influenced by the rod 60, which in turn is influenced by the cam surface 62 of the cam shaft 63 which rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow. At the same time, a portion of liquid fuel is passed through conduit 67 on impact surface 53. In FIG. 11, the impact surfaces 52 and 53 abut each other and the liquid fuel has been sprayed and entrained by the air flow in conduits 48 and 49. In FIG. 12, the element 55 and 59 of FIG. The spring has been completely compressed while in FIG. 13, the spring element 59 has been fully expanded by keeping the roller 61 in engagement with the cam surface 62. In Figure 14, the spring member 55 expands and holds the roller 61 in engagement with the cam surface 62 and displaces the impact body 50 from the impact body 51. In Figure 15, the impact body 50 is at its maximum distance from the impact body 51 and the cycle is ready to be repeated. The various features described in the following with reference to Figures 17a-17m may be selected for incorporation in this embodiment so as to optimize the size range of the atomized fuel droplets for the particular fuel. In this regard, the features described in relation to Figure 17m are considered particularly useful. Referring now to Figure 16, an embodiment of a spray device according to the invention for similar liquid fuel diesel oil, for use with an internal combustion engine according to the invention, is schematically illustrated. A cylinder head 69 with a bore 70 is provided to slidably accommodate an impact body 71 provided with a piston ring 72 for sealing between the bore 70 and the impact body 71. The impact body 71 has an impact surface 73 with which the supply conduit 74 communicates, the conduit 74 communicates additionally with a transverse fuel conduit 75 communicating with an annular fuel conduit recess 76 in the surface of the impact body 71. The annular fuel conduit recess 76 communicates with a fuel conduit 78 in the cylinder head 69, the conduit 78 communicates additionally with a pressurized fuel supply inlet 80. A piston 81 having piston rings 82 and 83 is pivotally connected to a piston rod 84 and slidably positioned in a cylinder 85. The piston 81 is provided with an integral impact body 86 having an impact surface 87 . The impact body 71 is additionally attached to the rod 86 slidably positioned in a bore 87 in the cylinder head 69, a helical spring 88 is placed between the impact body 71 and the cylinder head 69 which deflects the body 71 from impact towards the impact body 86, the movement of the impact body 71 in this direction is limited by a nut 89 threaded in the rod 86 and abutting the upper surface of the cylinder head 69 in the most interior position of the body 71 of impact. In operation, the fuel is pressed through the inlet 80 and the ducts 78, 76, 74 and 71 by means of variable pressure at the inlet 80 which determines the amount of fuel delivered to the impact surface 73 for each spray cycle or piston stroke 81, the pressure is determined by the dimensions of the conduits and the variable power requirements of the engine. Therefore, a drop of fuel is formed on the impact surface 71 around the outlet of the conduit 74 during the downward and upward stroke of the piston 81 until the impact surface 87 strikes the fuel droplet in the stages. At the end of the upward stroke of the piston 87, the protrusion distance of the impact body 71 inside the cylinder corresponds to the appropriate compression conditions in the combustion chamber between the piston 87 and the cylinder head 69. So the fuel is pulverized at the right time for optimal fuel combustion. The timing of the atomization and therefore combustion can be altered by raising or lowering the rod 86 and the impact body 71. This can be carried out in a stepless manner or in a simple step, for example, by inserting or removing washers of different thicknesses between the nut 89 and the upper surface of the cylinder head 69. Spraying will take place simultaneously with the displacement of the impact body 71 toward the top of the cylinder head 69 whereby it displaces the spray plane at right angles thereto to thereby provide a three-dimensional spray region that reduces the tendency of collision between droplets formed in early stages of impact with droplets formed in later stages, thereby reducing the melting tendency of such droplets to generate larger droplets. The impact body displaced with the piston can alternatively be slidably positioned in the piston while the impact body in the cylinder head can be integral with it, thus involving the supply of fuel to the surface of the piston. impact of the impact body on the cylinder head but maintains the advantages of the three-dimensional atomization region. Referring now to Figures 17a-17m, various embodiments of impact bodies and impact surfaces according to the invention for use with spray devices according to the invention are schematically illustrated.

In common for all the modalities in figures 17a-17m is that the two impact surfaces (la-lm, 2a-2m) are supported upwards by a mass in the form of an impact body (3a-3m, 4a-4m ), and moves towards each other along a central axis common to both surfaces, a portion of fluid is displaced on one of the surfaces and is atomized upon being impacted by both surfaces, and the fluid portion, is placed on a surface by a spout element (6a-6m). Figure 17a: The substantially flat impact surfaces move towards the substantially flat impact surface 2a, the portion of liquid is supplied through the conduit 5a. Figure 17b: The surfaces lb, 2b are inclined at the same angle in relation to the axis and are therefore elliptical in circumference. Therefore, a larger impact area is obtained. The bodies 3a, 3b may not rotate about the axis. Figure 17c: The surfaces le, 2c are conical with the same cone angle and therefore provide a larger impact area. A spray direction determined by the cone angle is obtained. If the surface is smaller than the surface 2c (smaller radius) the spray region will extend like a fan seen in a radial section thereof, so the tendency to obtain droplets formed later which are trapped and reduced is reduced. they merge with the droplets formed initially. Figure 17d: The edges ldd and 2dd of the surfaces Id and 2d, respectively, are sharp, so they reduce the risk of droplets accumulating around the edge due to adhesion to the body material and therefore allow the formation of very large droplets. Figure I7e: The surfaces le and 2e are similarly shaped as complementary trumpet-like surfaces with a narrower gap between the surface portions near the axes thereby reducing the tendency for the fluid to be pressed back into the conduit 5e . Figure 17f: Several smaller branching ducts 5ff communicate with the surface 2f so they distribute the fluid over a larger area of the surface 2f. Figure 17g: The conduit 5g extends in a transverse conduit 5gg in an extension 2gg of the surface 2g that is received in a perforation extension lgg of the surface lg. Therefore, the portion of fluid will be suspended or cut off and the outlets from the conduit 2gg will be blocked before the impact, thereby preventing an increase in pressure in the conduit 2g during the impact. Figure 17h: A lhh seal of hard rubber edge is placed around the surface lh so as to peripherally close the space between the surfaces lh and 2h just before impact so that the pressure in the fluid portion increases just before that is pressed out from between the surfaces and be pulverized. Figure 17i: A concave lii disk is placed on the surface li and has the same effect as the edge seal lhh in Figure 17h. Figure 17j: An additional body 3jj is slidably placed on an insert 3jjj on the body 3j and is deflected by a helical spring 6j. The additional body 3jj will slide over the insert 3jjj and compress the helical spring 6j before the impact of the surfaces lj and 2j and shortly afterwards it will impact with the flange 3jjjj of the insert so it provides an additional impact to the the fluid portion between the surfaces lj and 2j. Figure 17: The impact force is supplemented by magnetic attraction between the 3k and 4k bodies that constitute permanent magnets. An electric 6k coil is activated after impact to change the magnetic field and cause the bodies to repel each other. Figure 171: The impact surface 11 is formed by a steel sphere 111, for example, a ball bearing that provides a more precise spherical surface, the sphere 111 is retained in the body 31 by means of an annular collar 311. A very precise fit between the surface 11 and the surface 21 can be obtained when processing the body 41 and a ductile material is used and the sphere 111 is pressed axially on the body 41. Figure 17m: A modification of the embodiment of Figure 17g . The conduit 5m extends in a transverse conduit 5mm in an extension 2mm of the surface 2m that is received in an extension lmm of perforation of the surface lm. Therefore, the fluid portion will be cut off and the exits from the 2mm duct will be blocked before the impact so that the pressure increases in the duct 2m during the impact are avoided. A 6m helical spring is inserted into the bore lmm between the end of the 2mm extensions and the bottom of the bore lmm. The conduit 5m communicates with a spring-loaded conduit 7m in the form of a spring or helical pipe attached to a stationary portion 8m. The helical conduit 7m allows the body 4m to move axially through the body 3m without compressing the fluid in the fluid conduit.

In operation, the body 3m moves towards the body 4m and the helical spring 6m influences the body 4m by means of the pressure on the extension 2mm so that the body 4m is in motion when the surface lm hits the surface 2m by what accelerates the movement. In this way, the spraying of the fluid in a three-dimensional region is carried out whereby the tendency for the droplets formed subsequently to be trapped with the droplets formed at the beginning and to bind or coalesce with them to form larger droplets is reduced. . This three-dimensional effect can also be obtained by moving the entire assembly of the impact bodies during impact, for example, by rotating around an axis at right angles to the central axis, vibration in the direction of the central axis and / or generation of a pulse of rapidly flowing air passing through the impact surfaces parallel to the central axis during and immediately after the impact of spraying. The modalities shown in the figures 17a-17m, in principle, can be used in their entirety in the modalities shown in figures 1-15 with the corresponding modifications necessary of the particular devices.

All embodiments of the spray device described in the foregoing have utilized axial displacement of substantially cylindrical impact bodies with each other. However, the displacement can be carried out in many other ways and the shape of the bodies and surfaces can be in many different ways. The embodiments described for the medicinal inhalers according to the invention have been for operation by means of electric power. However, manual inhalers activated by mechanical springs driven and wound by the patient before each inhalation or by repeated pressure of a driving mechanism are perfectly feasible using the features according to the invention. In figures 18 and 19 there is illustrated an embodiment of a spray device according to the invention using such a method of moving in a direction different from the axial displacement described in the preceding embodiments. A lever 90 having a roller 91 at one end and a portion 92 expanded at the opposite end defines a substantially flat, circular impact surface 93. The lever is driven on a bolt 94 rotatably attached to the base member 95 having a portion 96 expanded at one end defining a substantially flat, circular impact surface 97 having an outlet 98 for fluid from a conduit 99. A flat spring 100 is attached to the end of the lever 90 adjacent the roller 91 and the base member 95 at the end opposite the impact surface 97. A cam member 101 is positioned on an axis 102 for clockwise rotation. In operation, the cam member 101 is rotated by the shaft 102 that has been rotated by the drive mechanism (not shown). The camming surfaces of the cam element 101 engage the roller and thus rotate the lever 90 against the influence of the spring 100 until the cam surface advances and passes the roller 91 thereby allowing the spring 100 to be flat. rotate the lever 95 in a forced manner in a clockwise direction so that the impact surface 93 impacts with a portion of the fluid on the impact surface 97 so that it pulverizes the fluid. This atomizing device is suitable for a simple drive mechanism such as a coiled spring or a manually operated ratchet type impeller. Therefore, the device is suitable for cheap and portable inhalers of the type that are used relatively rarely, for example until a single medicine container has been emptied. If the inhaler is provided with an absorbent for larger drops, the absorbent does not need to be removable for replacement or cleaning if it has an adequate size for the limited use of each inhaler. Many modifications and variations are conceivable for those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention, as defined by the appended claims. It is noted that in relation to this date, the best method known by the applicant to carry out the aforementioned invention, is the conventional one for the manufacture of the objects to which it relates. Having described the invention as above, property is claimed as contained in the following:

Claims (59)

1. A method for spraying or atomizing fluids, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: - placing a portion of fluid between a first surface and a second surface separated from one another, moving the first surface towards the second surface until the fluid portion is impacted by at least a portion of each surface so that the fluid is pressed out from between the surfaces to the surrounding part with a speed sufficient to spray the fluid, regulating the size range of the droplets in the sprayed fluid to approximate the desired size range by means of one or more of the following steps: moving the second surface generally in the same direction as the first surface during the period of time in which a portion of fluid is pressed from between the surfaces, separating by filtration the largest droplets of the atomized fluid by means of absorbent elements, separate part of the larger droplets of the sprayed fluid, remove part of the smaller droplets of the sprayed fluid, - subject the droplets of the sprayed fluid to a gas or air stream, cause the droplets to disperse, cause part of the droplets Larger particles of the atomized fluid settle or condense on surfaces, cause part of the smaller droplets of the pulverized fluid to settle or condense on surfaces, cause the size of the droplets of the pulverized fluid to decrease by means of evaporation of the fluid in the droplets , and selecting the configuration of the surfaces and / or the direction of travel of the surfaces in relation to each other and / or the speed of movement of the surfaces one in relation to the other, and / or the size of the portion of fluid and / or the position of the fluid portion in relation to the two surfaces so that the droplet size range approaches the desired size range for the particular fluid and / or the particular position of the surfaces in relation to the particular surrounding part.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first surface is placed on a first body and the second surface is placed on a second body, the second body moves under the influence of the movement of the first body at least, during the Same period of time.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second surface moves against the action of a displacement element that deflects the second body towards the first body generally in the direction of displacement of the surface one in relation to the other .

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the influence of the movement of the first body on the second body is obtained at least partially by the action of a deflecting element that deflects the two bodies away from each other generally the direction of displacement of the surface is one in relation to the other.

5. The method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluid comprises one or more medicinal substances for the treatment of a disease such as asthma, diabetes, hormonal imbalance, genetic disorder and the like.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the medicinal substances are in solution and / or suspension in a suitable liquid carrier such as water.

7. The method according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the fluid consists of diesel oil for use in an internal combustion engine driven by diesel oil.

8. The method according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the fluid consists of gasoline for use in an internal combustion engine driven by gasoline.

9. The method according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the fluid consists of a liquid fuel other than diesel oil or gasoline, for use in a correspondingly driven internal combustion engine.

10. The method according to claims 1, 2, 3 or 4 and 7, or 1, 2, 3 or 4 and 9, characterized in that the two bodies are placed in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine cylinder, the First body is attached to, or constitutes an integral part of a corresponding piston surface of the engine, and the second body is attached to the upper surface of the cylinder, the movement of the surfaces in relation to each other is provided by the movement of the piston in relation to the cylinder.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the second body is displaceable on the upper surface of the cylinder in the direction substantially towards the first body against the action of a deflection element.

12. The method according to claims 1, 2, 3 or 4 and 7, or 1, 2, 3 or 4 and 9, characterized in that the two bodies are placed in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine cylinder, the second body is attached to the corresponding piston surface of the engine and the first body is joined or is constitutive of an integral part of the upper surface of the cylinder, the movement of the surface is one in relation to the other is provided by the movement of the piston in relation to the cylinder.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the second body is displaceable on the piston surface of the cylinder in the direction substantially towards the first body against the action of a deflection element.

14. The method according to claims 1, 2, 3 or 4 and 8, or 1, 2, 3 or 4 and 9, characterized in that the two bodies are positioned so that the fluid portion is impacted by the two surfaces within a combustion air inlet duct for an internal combustion engine, the pulverized fluid is entrained by the combustion air and transported into the combustion chamber of one or more cylinders of the engine.

15. The method according to claims 1 and 14, characterized in that the first body is slidably positioned in a first wall portion of the conduit for alternating sliding movement generally transverse to the wall between a first position, in which the first surface is separated from the second surface in the second body that is placed in a second portion of the wall substantially opposite the first portion, and a second position in which the first surface abuts the second surface.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that the sliding movement of the first body from the first position to the second position is carried out against the action of a deflecting element that diverts the first body from the second position towards the first position .

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that the alternating sliding movement of the first body is obtained by the action of an actuating element that is operated in synchronization with the ignition frequency of one or more cylinders of the corresponding internal combustion engine.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the action of the actuator element in the first body is implemented by means of a deflection element interposed between the actuator element and the first body, and the deflection of the first body is generally in the direction from the first position to the second position.

19. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the first and second surfaces are placed in an inhalation air flow passage of an inhalation device.

20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that a pressurized air reservoir is filled before spraying the fluid, the pressurized air is released into the air flow conduit during at least part of the fluid spray and entrains droplets of fluid. fluid spray.

21. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that a pressurized air reservoir is filled during at least part of the fluid spray, the air fills the reservoir and flows through the surfaces and entrains droplets of sprayed fluid, the air is released in the airflow passage during inhalation by a patient.

22. The method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the reservoir is a balloon of elastic material and the air is filled into the balloon by exhalation or blowing into the airflow passage by a patient.

23. The method according to any of claims 19-22, characterized in that absorbent means are placed so that the trajectories of at least part of the larger droplets produced by the combined spray forces and the inhalation air flow pressure intersect the absorbent medium.

24. A method for spraying or atomizing fluids, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: placing a portion of fluid between a first surface and a second surface separated from one another, moving the first surface toward the second surface until the fluid portion is impacted by the less a portion of each surface so that the fluid is pressed out from between the surfaces to the surrounding part with a speed sufficient to atomize the fluid.

25. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that the first surface is placed on a first body and the second surface is placed on a second body, the second body moves under the influence of the movement of the first body for at least one period of time.

26. The method according to claim 23 or 25, characterized in that the second surface moves against the action of a displacement means that deflects the second body towards the first body generally in the direction of displacement of the surface one in relation to the other .

27. The method according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that the influence of the movement of the first body on the second body is obtained at least partially by the action of a deflecting means that deflects the two bodies away from each other generally the direction of displacement of the surface is one in relation to the other.

28. The method according to any of claims 24-27, characterized in that the fluid comprises one or more medicinal substances for the treatment of a disease such as asthma, diabetes, hormonal imbalance, genetic disorder and the like.

29. The method according to claim 28, characterized in that the medicinal substances are in solution and / or suspension in a suitable liquid carrier such as water.

30. The method according to any of claims 24-27, characterized in that the fluid consists of diesel oil for use in an internal combustion engine driven by diesel oil.

31. The method according to any of claims 24-27, characterized in that the fluid consists of gasoline for use in an internal combustion engine driven by gasoline.

32. The method according to any of claims 24-27, characterized in that the fluid consists of a liquid fuel other than diesel oil or gasoline, for use in a correspondingly driven internal combustion engine.

33. The method according to claims 24, 25, 26 or 27 and 30, or 24, 25, 26 or 27 and 30 or 24, 25, 26 or 27 and 32, characterized in that the two bodies are placed in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine cylinder, the first body is attached to, or constitutes an integral part of a corresponding piston surface of the engine, and the second body is attached to the upper surface of the cylinder, the movement of the surfaces in relation to one with the other is provided by the movement of the piston in relation to the cylinder.

34. The method according to claim 33, characterized in that the second body is displaceable on the upper surface of the cylinder in the direction substantially towards the first body against the action of a deviation means.

35. The method according to claims 24, 25, 26 or 27 and 30, or 24, 25, 26 or 27 and 32, characterized in that the two bodies are placed in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine cylinder, the second body is joined to the corresponding piston surface of the engine and the first body is joined or is constitutive of an integral part of the engine. the upper surface of the cylinder, the movement of the surface is one in relation to the other is provided by the movement of the piston in relation to the cylinder.

36. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that the second body is displaceable on the piston surface of the cylinder in the direction substantially towards the first body against the action of a deviation means.

37. The method according to claims 24, 25, 26 or 27 and 31 or 24, 25, 26 or 27 and 32, characterized in that the two bodies are positioned so that the fluid portion is impacted by the two surfaces within a Inlet of combustion air inlet for an internal combustion engine, the pulverized fluid is entrained by the combustion air and is transported inside the combustion chamber of one or more cylinders of the engine.

38. The method according to claims 24 and 37, characterized in that the first body is slidably positioned in a first wall portion of the conduit for alternating sliding movement generally transverse to the wall between a first position, in which the first surface is separated from the second surface of the second body which is placed in a second portion of the wall substantially opposite the first portion, and a second position in which the first surface abuts the second surface.

39. The method according to claim 38, characterized in that the sliding movement of the first body from the first position to the second position is carried out against the action of a deviation means that diverts the first body from the second position towards the first position .

40. The method according to claim 39, characterized in that the alternating sliding movement of the first body is obtained by the action of an actuating element that is operated in synchronization with the ignition frequency of one or more cylinders of the corresponding internal combustion engine.

41. The method according to claim 40, characterized in that the action of the actuator element in the first body is implemented by means of a deflection element interposed between the actuator element and the first body, and the deflection of the first body is generally in the direction from the first position to the second position.

42. The method according to claim 28 or 29, characterized in that the first and second surfaces are placed in an inhalation air flow passage of an inhalation device.

43. The method according to claim 42, characterized in that a pressurized air reservoir is filled before spraying the fluid, the pressurized air is released into the air flow conduit during at least part of the fluid spray and entrains droplets of fluid. fluid spray.

44. The method according to claim 42, characterized in that a pressurized air reservoir is filled during at least part of the spray of the fluid, the air fills the reservoir passing the surfaces and entraining droplets of sprayed fluid, the air is released into the reservoir. Air flow passage during inhalation by a patient.

45. The method according to claim 43 or 44, characterized in that the reservoir is a balloon of elastic material and the air is filled into the balloon by exhalation or blowing into the airflow passage by a patient.

46. The method according to any of claims 42-45, characterized in that an absorbent means is placed so that the trajectories of at least part of the larger droplets produced by the combined forces of atomization and inhalation of air flow pressure intersect with the absorbent element.

47. A fluid spraying device characterized in that it comprises a first body having a first surface and a second body having a second surface, means for moving the first body towards the second body to a spray position for both bodies in which the first surface substantially contacting the second surface, fluid dispensing means communicating with a region of one of the surfaces and means for removing the sprayed fluid from the adjacent region on the surfaces in the spray position.

48. The device according to claim 47, characterized in that it additionally comprises means that allow the displacement of the second body from the spray position in a direction substantially equal to the direction of movement of the first body immediately before obtaining the spray position of the first body. same.

49. The device according to claim 47, characterized in that the means for allowing the displacement of the second body comprises a deflection element that deflects the second body towards the spray position thereof.

50. The device according to claim 48 or 49, characterized in that a deflection element is placed between the first body and the second body that deflects the bodies away from each other in the spray position thereof.

51. The device according to any of claims 47-50, characterized in that it additionally comprises an air flow conduit for receiving the pulverized fluid and transporting it to an outlet from the conduit entrained in the air flow, and an absorption medium. in the conduit for absorbing droplets of powdered fluid that impinge on or settle thereon.

52. The device according to any of claims 47-51, characterized in that it additionally comprises an air flow conduit for receiving the pulverized fluid and transporting it to an outlet from the conduit entrained in the air flow, and an air reservoir Pressurized that communicates with the air flow conduit.

53. The device according to claim 52, characterized in that the conduit is provided with a one-way valve means at its inlet, the valve means only allows air to flow into the conduit.

54. The device according to claim 52 or 53, characterized in that the reservoir communicates with the air flow conduit at a point between the inlet and the region in which it receives the pulverized fluid.

55. The device according to claim 52 or 53, characterized in that the reservoir communicates with the air flow conduit at a point in the region where the air flow conduit receives the pulverized fluid.

56. The device according to any of claims 52-55, characterized in that the reservoir consists of an inflatable balloon of an elastic material such as rubber.

57. The device according to any of claims 52-56, characterized in that an absorption element is placed in the conduit to absorb droplets of atomized fluid that impinge on or settle thereon.

58. An internal combustion engine using a fuel such as gasoline or the like as the combustion means, characterized in that it comprises a combustion air inlet duct in which a spray device is placed according to any of claims 47-50, fluid spout element communicates with a source for fuel.

59. An internal combustion engine using a fuel such as diesel oil or the like, characterized in that a spraying device according to any of claims 47-50 is placed in the combustion chamber of each cylinder, the fluid spout element of each device Sprayer communicates with a source for fuel.