METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SANDING WITH A ROTATING ROLLER DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the methods of an apparatus for sanding wood and other surfaces, and more particularly, with pneumatic or electric sanding machines with motor power, hand-held that have a rotating roller. Conventional rotary disc sanders and orbit sanders are used by mill operators, refiners, cabinet makers, etc. to sand a smooth surface on the wooden pieces. Typically, rotating or orbiting wood sanders with the rotating sanding material make slight swirl marks or scrapes that are cut through the wood grain, and then these swirl marks must be removed by sanding and manually finishing the wood. surface of the wood with the grain. The surface area of these hand-held discs is usually small. One factor limiting the effectiveness of the sanding disc is that the outer edges move at higher speeds and sometimes make hardened scrapes, particularly through the grain of the wood. A number of sanding devices of the prior art have been disclosed in US Pat. Nos. 3,793,782; 1,325,937; 3,790,980; 4,692,958; 4,380,092; 4,177,611; 4,694,616 and 5,007,208 which employs several motors and rotating rollers or the like, which are not capable, for some reason or other, of providing the market with a motor driven tool, to hold with the commercially available hand. These roller sanders have not been able to replace the conventional belt sanders or the rotary or orbital disk sanders that have the majority of the wood finishing market between them. There is a wheeled sander on the market that has a rotating sanding roller that has wheels linearly through the wood grain. The wheels are a limiting factor in the place where this machine can be used. Another sander on the market is called a belt sander and has a sanding surface about 14.24 cm (6 inches) wide and is used with a board of 2.43 m to 3.048 m (eight to ten feet) in length. Typically, this track sander is expensive, ie approximately $ 3,000.00 in relation to the cost of a manual sander tool. Another sander that requires a large area is called a broadband sander that has an extended band between a pair of drums. A drive drum rotates the band and the platen is placed between the upper and lower runs of the endless sanding belt and pushes it down on the inner surface of the lower band run to force the external sanding surface against the wood to sand it. Typically, these wide belt sanders are for boards from 5.08 to 12.70 cm (2 to 5 inches) wide, and the cost, for a much smaller size, is approximately $ 6,000. Clearly, these large-table sanders can not rotate over the edge to sand the surfaces or edges of a piece of wood, furniture or the like as sanders can manually hold. The belts in both the wide belt sander and the belt sander are relatively expensive. So there is a need for a cheap, manually held, improved sanding tool that has a rotating roller that can be used for in-line sanding and allows for sanding without digging wood or other surfaces or leaving no swirl marks they are commonly made by hand-held rotating or orbital sanders. Also, there is a need for a faster sanding method than is currently provided with the small, hand-held, rotating sanding equipment. There is also a need for new and improved ways to removably assemble a cylindrical sanding sleeve on the rotating roller, so that the sanding sleeves can be fixed or detached quickly. Also the cylindrical sanding sleeves are relatively voluminous for storage and shipping. So there is a need for a sheet or flat sanding sheet that can be erected in a cylindrical sleeve and used with a seam that scratches or marks the substrate that is sanded. Also, shipping a flat sandpaper sleeve ensures that the consumer receives a perfectly smooth cylinder when assembled, with nothing to interfere with sanding. In accordance with the present invention, a novel improved method of a linear sanding apparatus employing a hand-held power-driven sander that will supersede the hand held rotary and orbital hand sanders ubiquitously is provided. This is achieved by providing a single in-line sanding roller having a cylindrical sanding sleeve connected by a clutch in a direction to a sanding roller. The sanding roller with the sleeve therein comprises a roller assembly which provides a soft damping sanding of a substrate which is formed on the surface of the substrate and runs through it, instead of excavating the surface of the substrate at high points or low on the surface of the substrate. The preferred roller assembly is quite smooth that the roller and sanding material is deflected in a wider contact area between the sanding roller and the surface of the substrate. The harder rigid elastic rollers of the prior art, such as those dised in US Pat. No. 3,793,782, do not flex or deflect sufficiently, and the sanding roller thereon tends to jump or squeak when found. at high or low points or also a lot of resistance on the surface of the wood substrate, and tends to dig the wood sometimes. In contrast, the preferred roller assembly is a plastic or soft foam rubber roll that flexes and deflects and traverses the wood without digging the wood, as a soft roller flexes, deflects and flows over the high or low points so that there are few clicks or jumps that cause the sanding roller to dig the wood deeper than the hard elastic rollers of the prior art. Because the elastic or soft plastic foam rubber roll and the sanding sheet or blade roll on it deviate to a wide contact with the wood, there is a wider flat contact area for sanding the wood in contrast to the thinnest straight contact line of the circular roller that does not deviate substantially. This wider deviated area and smoothness provides a wider sanding area than the contact line, and also provides a continuous flow contact area through the highest or lowest points in the surface area of the wood. Very soft plastic or foam rubber allows good contact with the surfaces or sides of wood canvases, cabinets or furniture, metal or solid surfaces of Avonite or Corian®. In order to efficiently assemble a tubular sleeve, roll of sandpaper or the like over a foam or plastic rubber roll, it is preferred that the outer cylindrical surface of the roll and the inner cylindrical surface of the sandpaper roll have a type One-way interconnect clutch that allows the roll to be rotated when the sandpaper roll is telescoped or axially plugged into the roller. When the roll moves axially along a roller, the roll is rotated in the reverse direction to the sanding direction, while the rubber foam or plastic is being compressed. That is, the tubular sanding roll is being rotated in a reverse direction when it slides axially along the roll when the sleeve is compressing the roll. When the tubular sanding roll is on the roller, and the roller is rotated by a motor, the one-way clutch surfaces are engaged, so that the roll does not slide relative to the drive roller. Preferably, the relaxed diameter of the plastic or foam rubber layer not compressed in the roller is larger than the diameter of the hollow hole of the tubular sanding roll, such that the plastic or foam rubber layer is slightly compressed in the direction radially inward by the sanding roll applied; and the compressed plastic foam applies a uniform directed radial force against the inner surface of the sanding roll. This externally directed force keeps the sanding roll taut and forms the plastic foam roller layer when the sanding roller is deflected by the forces applied to it on the surface of the wood. In some furniture sanding applications, such as sanding wooden door surfaces, the present invention has reduced the time by approximately one-seventh of what is needed to sand the doors with a rotating sanding disc followed by removal manual of the swirls through the grain. With the linear inline sanding roller method of the present invention, the sanding is done in line with the wood grain, rather than through the grain. Typically, the in-line sanding roller method of the present invention provides a much larger sample, for example from 22.86 cm to 50.8 cm
(9-20 pulc'adas), that a sanding disk with a diameter of
. 16 cm c. 15.24 cm (4 to 6 inches). An appreciation of the operating speed and area sanded surface for the present invention can be understood from a comparison of the present invention with an orbital sander, a rotary disk sander of 10.16 cm (four inches) and the illustrated embodiment of the invention employing two rolls with a length of 22.86 cm (9 inches) and a circumference of 7.62 cm (3 inches). Assuming that the orbit sander sanders at 10,000 rpm with a displacement with a diameter of 1/32 of an inch. The sanding speed is approximately 0.02 mils per minute, which is calculated by the formula: (Circumference x rpm +5280) "12 In case the orbit unit has 26 square inches of sanding area and the speed of sanding is 0.02 mils per minute, it provides a sanding efficiency of 0.52 mil square inch per minute.The four inch (10.16 cm) rotary disc sander at 10,000 rpm will have an approximate sanding speed of 2.0 mils. inch per minute, which is 100 times faster than the orbit sander The sanding area for the disk sanding is approximately 12.57 square inches, but because the disc sander tilts or tilts when used , only 5.5 inches square is effectively coupled with the flat surface of its total area of 12.57 square inches, in case the three inch rolls of the present invention n turn at 3,500 rpm, the speed is 0.53 thousandof an inch per minute, which is about 2.6 times faster than the orbit sander. While the disc sander is faster by approximately 2.0 thousandof an inch, it is only about 5 square inches; and this provides an effectiveness in sanding 2 x 5.5 or 11 thousandof a square inch or minute for the disc sander. The present invention provides 31.50 inches of effective sanding, assuming that a 1.75 inch plane is in contact with the wood at a speed of 0.53 mils per minute. This provides an effectiveness of 16.7 thousandof an inch square per minute. Thus, the present invention provides substantially greater effectiveness than any of the orbital disk sanders. Naturally, it is relatively easy to increase the size of the roll diameter in the present invention to increase the width of the surface of the coupled wood and thereby increase the effectiveness of the coated sanding surface. The actual effectiveness and time benefits obtained with the present invention are often 7 times faster or longer than with a rotary sander because one does not have to perform a manual sanding of the transverse scrapers in the grain with the invention. , as one should sand after using the rotary sander. On the other hand, the grinder may have a single roller, for example, approximately nine inches in length and three inches in diameter, centered on the engine unit and driven at one end; and for such a roller, the effectiveness will be reduced by half, but still exceeds that of the aforementioned disc sander. The soft damping sanding of the present invention runs with the wood and does not excavate the wood as with the harder elastic rollers or pads used in the sanding equipment of the prior art. According to another aspect of the invention, the tubular sanded sleeve for telescoping or plugging into the soft roller can be shipped and stored in a state of flat sheet or sheet and erected by the user in a tubular sleeve for telescoping the soft roller. In the preferred embodiment, the opposite longitudinal edges of the flat sanding sheet or sheet are formed with bonding edges. At the time of manufacture of the sleeve, the opposite diagonal ends of the binding edges are brought to a sliding link coupling; and when the edges slide progressively along another, the sheet or sheet takes the shape of the tubular sleeve with the connecting edges forming the helical seam in the tubular sleeve. The sandpaper covers the interengaged edges, which are preferably male or female joints that are bonded and covered by a flat element of sandpaper, which can be held down by an adhesive. Because the helical seam is small and only a small portion of the seam is coupled to the substrate at the time of sanding, the seam does not damage the sanded surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a fragmentary perspective view of a roller sanding machine embodying the invention; Figure 2 is a perspective view of the lower part of the motor housing and the motor drive shaft; Figure 3 is a front elevational view of the roller sanding machine; Figure 4 is a rear elevational view of the sanding machine of Figure 1; Figure 5 is a perspective view of one of the rollers sanding a substrate; Figure 6 is a perspective view of a sanding sleeve that is plugged or telescoped into a drive roller thereof; Figure 7 is a perspective view of the sleeve; Figure 8 is a perspective view of a clutch member of the drive roller; Figure 9 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the sanding roller; Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the sanding roller; Figure 11 is a fragmentary elevation view of the drive shaft and bushes for the sanding roller; Figure 12 is a front view in elevation of the knee or sanding; Figure 13 is a perspective view of a sanding roller pair; Figure 14 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view of one edge of the sheet or flat sanding sheet in Figure 15; Figure 15 is a perspective view of a sheet or flat sanding sheet; Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 16-16 of Figure 15; Figure 17 is a fragmentary sectional enlarged view of an edge of the flat sanding sheet or sheet; Figure 18 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view of the opposite edge of the sheet or flat sanding sheet; Figure 19 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view of the helical seam of the sanding sleeve; Figure 20 is a fragmentary end view of an inclined end in a connecting strip on one side of the sheet or sheet of sandpaper; and Figure 21 is a fragmentary end view of another inclined end on a connecting strip for connecting to the inclined end of Figure 20. As shown in the drawings for purposes of illustration, the invention is incorporated in a sanding apparatus. 10 comprising a motor housing 12 within which is a motor 14, which is usually an electric motor, (although it can be a pneumatic motor) driven through its drive shaft 15 (Figure 2), a power drive element with an angle in a drive or transmission interval 18 for rotating a drive shaft of the roller 20, on which a pair of rotatable abrasive rollers 22 are mounted. A side handle 24 is also mounted on the drive unit 14 of the apparatus 10. The lateral handle 24 extends transversely of the motor housing 12 and can be interchangeably mounted on either side of the apparatus. The side handle is gripped by the user when sanding. The sanding apparatus is an in-line sanding apparatus since the rollers 22 run straight forward along the surface of the wood or substrate, usually in the direction of the grain, as shown by the arrow A in the Figure 5. There may be a single roller driven at one end of the roller with the single roller centered on the drive shaft 16, or there may be a pair of rollers 22 with a central drive between the rollers, as illustrated. Here, the drive shaft 20 is rotatably mounted on a pair of bearings 28 and 30 mounted on a transmission structure or housing 32, which is secured to a base 34 of a motor housing 12 for the engine 14. Arrow 20 is free to rotate around a horizontal axis by means of bearings. For a high-speed removal of wood from a wood surface, the arrow is rotated at high speed, for example, 2,000 to 3,000 rpm or higher. Because the preferred rolls have sheets or abrasive sheets 40 thereon with a diameter, for example 7.62 cm (3 inches), the velocity at the periphery of the sheet or sheet against the wooden surface is quite high. In this illustrated embodiment of the invention, the right-angle actuating element 18 comprises an arrow coupling or hub 29 (Figure 1) that connects the output energy arrow of the motor 15 (Figure 2) and a drive shaft 31 in the stump for rotation on a bearing plate 33 of the structure 32 and carries a bevel gear 37, which is fixed to the roller shaft. So that rotation of the drive shaft 15 rotates the drive shaft 31 to rotate the bevel gears 35 and 37 and rotate the roller shaft 2C and the rollers 22 thereon.
In this illustrated embodiment of the invention, the right-angle actuating element and its structure or housing can be separated from the motor housing 12, to leave the motor housing and remove the motor, as shown in Figure 2. a bracket or anti-rotation support 37 is connected between the motor housing 12 and the transmission housing 32 to prevent rotation of the transmission housing when the drive shaft 15 is driving the drive shaft 31 and the bevel gears 35 and 37. The bracket or support anti-rotation comprises a link 38 connected at one end of the handle 24, and connected to its other end in a pin portion 39 of the bracket or support fixedly secured to the transmission housing 32. It may be desirable to make the apparatus as a unit without a transmission and detachable roller arrow unit, in which case, the same housing will be used for both the motor and the element or right angle drive drive. Referring now to Figure 6, there is shown a partially assembled roller assembly comprising an outer tubular sleeve 42 having an abrasive layer 40 on its outer surface and a cylindrical drive roller 46. The cylindrical drive roller 46 it can be inserted into the tubular sleeves 42, and as shown in Figures 6, 9 and 10, the drive roller can be completely inserted into the sleeve 42. The cylindrical drive roller 46 includes an internal cylindrical tube 48, which has a smooth inner surface 49. The inner surface 49 of the roller allows the ridge to be slid longitudinally and mounted on a rotary drive shaft 20 of the roller sanding machine 10 (Figure 3), as will be described in connection with Figure 11 With reference now to Figure 7, the sleeve 42 has an outer abrasive layer or surface 40 and an inner surface 50. The abrasive layer 40 it will typically be a sheet or sheet of sandpaper which can have any suitable abrasive or sanding material thereon, for example, a non-woven abrasive material such as one sold under the trademark SCOTCH-BRITE ™, manufactured by 3 M of Minneapolis , Minnesota, or BEAR TEX ™ manufactured by Norton Abrasives of New York, New York, United States of America, a steel chip, or sanding material, which is used for wood finishes or any surface that can be sawn. For the purposes of providing a rotatable and axially slidable coupling with the drive roller 46, the inner surface of the sleeve is provided with an interconnection or clutch material. Herein, the inner surface 50 of the sleeve 42 has a material with thick loops 52 thereon to be in engagement, when it is rotated in a direction relative to the meshing clutch members on the drive roller 46. The material with loops thick 52 has a plurality of filament loops that can be made of a polyester material, such as sewing hairs or looped material 52 can be a loop fastener assembly used with hooks and is part of the hook and loop assemblies sold under the VELCRO ™ brand. Any ordinary canvas fabric with holes in it can also be used to accept the teeth 68 of the plastic strips. The internal cylindrical tube 48, shown in Figure 8, inside the drive roller 46 is made of a rigid material, such as metal, plastic or cardboard, so that the cylindrical tube 48 can be mounted on the rotation roller shaft of a roller sanding machine (shown in Figure 1), an axle sander (not shown) or a manual punch (not shown). Surrounding the rigid tube 48 of the cylindrical roller 46 is a cylindrical layer of a soft, compressible elastic material 60. The compressible elastic material 60 is preferably a plastic material, foam rubber, polyurethane of various densities 60 and fixed to another surface of the cylindrical tube 48 by an adhesive. The foam material 60 can also be integrally extruded with the tube. The foam material 60 provides smoothness to the sanding sleeve to have a flat sanding sleeve and conform to the surface of the substrate that is being damaged. The clutch interconnection in one direction between the sleeve 42 and the drive roller 46, preferably comprises a series of elongated toothed plastic strips 62 circumferentially wrapped around the foam material 60. The serrated edges of the plastic clutch strips 62 are they engage and engage in the loops of the material with loops, when the drive roller is rotated in the driving direction shown by the directional arrow B in Figure 6. The coupling strips 62 have a leading end or edge 66 and an end or rear edge 69. The rear end 69 of each coupling strip 62 is fixed to the foam material 60 by an adhesive, such as glue or tape. The front end 66 of each coupling strip 62 is free, i.e., not fixed to the foam material 60. Additionally, the leading end 66 of each coupling strip is serrated to form teeth 68 that are cut at a leading end edge. of the strip 62. As best shown in Figure 6, the coupling strips 62 are flexible so that the strips 62 can be flexed elastically to conform to the circumference of the foam material 60 and the tube 48. The strips attached Preferably they are placed in the foam material, so that when the strips are flexed to conform to the configuration of the foam material and the tube, the loose front bead of each coupling strip overlaps the attached rear end of the coupling strip just in front of it. A sufficient number of coupling strips are also used, so that when the foam material is compressed, the coupling strips completely cover the foam material in the superimposed manner described. The diameter of the uncompressed roller 46, which includes the diameter of the tube 48, the thickness of the uncompressed foam material 60 in the tube and the thickness of the overlapping plastic strips 62 attached to the foam material in the tube, is slightly larger that the internal diameter of the sleeve >; 2 . Therefore, in order to insert the roller 46 into the sleeve 42, the foam material 60 of the roller 46 must be compressed; and the roller 46 should be pushed simultaneously into the sleeve and rotated in a first direction, with respect to the sleeve, as shown by the arrow A in Figure 6, so that the teeth 68 of the plastic straps 62 do not engage with the material with loops 52 on the inner surface 50 of the sleeve 42. When the roller 46 is rotated in the direction A, the plastic strips 62 of the roller easily slide along the material with loops and the roller is easily inserted inside of the sleeve. The direction of rotation of the roller in the first direction A, as shown in Figure 6, is clockwise with respect to the sleeve. Referring now to Figures 9 and 10, once the drive bead 46 is inserted into the sleeve 42, the foam material 60 of the strips is allowed to expand within the sleeve. Although the foam material expands to fit tightly within the sleeve, the strips of foam and plastic material are restricted by the sleeve and can not fully expand to their original configurations. Because the foam material 60 is still constrained by the surrounding sleeve 42, the foam material applies a uniformly directed radial force towards the outside against the inner surface 50 of the sleeve. As best illustrated in Figure 10, when the roller 46 is inserted into the sleeve 42, the teeth 68 of the flexed plastic strips 62 all at the same point of direction along the circumference of the roller, so that the teeth are coupled with the material with loops 52, in case the roller is rotated in a second direction B, as shown by the arrow in Figures 6 and 10. It is noted that the second direction B is opposite to the first direction A, and as shown in Figure 6 is in a counterclockwise direction with respect to the sleeve. When the roller 46 is fully inserted into the sleeve 42, the roller and the sleeve form a roller and band assembly and assembly and, as described above, the assembly of the roller and assembled band can be fixed or attached to the arrow rotation of a roller roll machine (Figure 1), an axle sander or a manual drill. As best seen in Figure 10, the plastic clutch strips 62 have a spring that is urged to extend its serrated edges 68 radially outwardly to engage within the material with loops 52. When the drive roller is driven in the direction counterclockwise in the sanding direction in Figure 10, the serrated edges dig into the filaments with loops to prevent sliding between the sleeve and the drive roller. The plastic clutch strips are thin and flexible, so that the roller can be pushed to provide a plane and then bounce or be pushed back and back to the positions shown in Figure 10, when the adjacent flattened screen portion it rotates from contact with the wood substrate 108. It is possible to push with extremely strong forces that the plane 109 becomes very large and the meshed teeth become substantially uncoupled from the material with loops 52; but such forces are quite large for sanding. A denser material can be added to the core of the foam to prevent the foam from compressing beyond a preferred compression. Other one-way clutch elements, other than those illustrated and falling within the scope of the present invention, may be used. When the roller and band assembly is used to sand an object, the assembled knee and band assembly should be fixed to the rotation arrow, so that roller 46 is driven or rotated in the second direction B, to ensure that the teeth 68 engage the material with loops 52, thereby rotating the sleeve without causing the sleeve to slip or slide off the roll. After substantial use, the worn sleeve 42 can be easily removed from the roller and replaced with a new sleeve. The worn sleeve is removed from the roller by simultaneously rotating the roller in the first direction, A, so that the teeth 68 do not engage the material with loops 52 and push the roller out of the sleeve. So a new sleeve on the roller can be replaced in the same manner as described above. The preferred way of fixing a sanding roller 46 with an abrasive sleeve 42 thereon on the rotatable roller shaft 20 is to provide a pair of separate bushes 82 and 84 (Figure 11) mounted on the roller shaft 20 and secured to the same in axially separated locations. The first bushing 82 is mounted towards the inside adjacent the housing 32 and has a flange 79 at one end against which it abuts the inner end wall 80 of the sanding roller 22 to limit the extent of the insertion of the roller into the arrow. The bushing has an outer diameter surface 82a dimensioned to the diameter of the inner bore of the roller tube 48 (Figure 6). At the outer ends of the arrow 20 (Figure 11) there are the second expandable bushes 84 (Figure 11) which are cylinders made with an expandable body 88 of an elastomeric material with a good coefficient of friction. After sliding the roller 46 into the first and second bushes 82 and 84, an outer nut 86 is rotated in a threaded end portion 91 of the arrow 20 in the direction of a pair of metal disks 89 and 90. The disk 90 is fixed to the roller arrow 20 and the disc 89 slides on the arrow. The nut 86 is rotated on the threaded end 91 of the arrow 20 to abut the adjacent metallic disc 89 and force it to the right, so that the bushing body 84 is compressed between the discs 89 and 90. The compressed sleeve body 84 expands in its diameter to become in a close intimate engagement with the wall defining the hole of the roller tube 48. This provides a releasable non-sliding drive between the outer bushing 84 and the roller 46. When it is desired to remove a Sanding roller, the nut 86 is rotated to travel outward in the direction of the free end of the roller shaft 20, thus removing the compression force on the elastomeric body 84 allowing it to contract and decrease its diameter. This allows the roller to be slid from the caps 82 and 84 for removal. Each of the inner bushes 82 has a radially directed captive screw 98 (FIG. 11) projecting through the body 82a of the bushing 82 with the inner end of the set screw engageable with the roller shaft 20. The set screw can be released to allowing the bushing 82 to be longitudinally unscrewed along the roller shaft. After the roller shaft is positioned in the desired location, the outer ends of the captive screws are engaged with a tool and rotate in threads in the bushes 82 to drive the inner ends of the set screws tightly against the roller shaft. In this manner, the internal sleeves 82 are secured to the arrow in the positions to maintain a distance from the sanding roller that slides in the bushes 82 and 84 (Figure 11). On the other hand, if the rollers are fixed on the roller shaft and do not remove quickly, the expandable bushes 84 described above are not needed. In Figure 1, the roller 22 is shown having a snap-fit coupling between the roller tube 48 and the arrow 20. The inner end 80 of each roller abuts the projecting wall 94 with a retaining locking ring 93. fixed on the outer ends of the arrow to abut the outer ends 80 of the roller. The preferred soft backing 60 for the sanding layer or sheet 42 is a soft material, such as a sponge or rubber foam or plastic, that has pores. The layer of foam rubber or soft plastic illustrated is the type of foam that is used to paint with a roller. That is to say, a paint foam roller is mounted on the bushes 82 and 84; and the outer surface of the paint roller is compressed radially inwardly by the sanding sleeve 42 when it is telescoped onto the foam layer 60. The compressed foam layer is applied by forces directed radially outwardly to the sanding sleeve. It will be recognized that the sanding layer or sleeve may be fixed or permanently attached to the outer surface of a foam layer; and that this foam compound and sanding sleeve can be fixed to the drive shaft 20 to provide the rotatable sanding roller. In use, the operator pushes the sanding roller 22 against the flat wood surface 108 (Figure 5); and the sanding roller has a wide flat area 109 formed in the lower part thereof, as shown in Figure 5, when the sanding roller engages with the wooden surface 103 on a wooden canvas 110. For the sleeve Sanding COGL diameter of 7.62 cm (3 inches) described herein, the flattened area 109 is approximately 4.44 cm
(1.75 inches) wide and fully extended; 22.86 cm (9 inches) along the length of the roller. The width of the flat area 109 can vary considerably from 4.44 cm
(1.75 inches) in width that was measured in the illustrated embodiment of the invention and what is described herein, when a typical force is applied while sanding. If the user pushes with less force, the flat area 109 may be smaller than 4.44 cm (1.75 inches) for the same roller. Manifestly, by changing the softness of foam rubber or other materials, the width of the flat area. 109 may vary substantially from 4.44 cm (1.75 inches) and still fall within the scope of the invention.
For example, the flat area may vary from about 0.83 cm 11/4 inch wide to one greater than 4.44 cm (1.75 inch) wide. Elastomeric or hard rubber materials will not provide the substantial flat area and will not conform to the surface of the wood, as does the compressible sanding roller of the present invention. Elastomeric or hard rubber rollers will also squeak as they move along the surface during sanding. This wide flat area 109 provides a large sanding area which is a line of contact with the wood, as when there is no soft sub-layer under the sheet or sanding sheet. The soft subject layer rapidly expands the sanding layer outwardly on the cylindrical surface as the previously flattened surfaces that travel upward clockwise from the top of the wood. Naturally, the curved area that moves downward in the roller adjacent to the wood flattens when it engages with the wood. Due to the soft backed backing layer, the sanding layer glides smoothly over the top of the wood to conform to the wood, and travels the high and low points without digging in the way or grinding, such as sanding rollers. the previous technique. The sanding sleeve 42 (Figure 7) can
142 and 14 are formed with a longitudinally extending free end or edge 158, as best seen in Figure 14, with a space 159 that is located between the free ends 158 and the section 152 adhered by the adhesive 153 to the layers 40. and 52 and between them, comprising the sheet 132. As seen in Figures 14, 16, and 17, the left hooked end 146 of the strip 134 projects outwardly beyond the left edge 134 of the sheet ( Figures 14 and 16), while the right hooked end 148 on the right edge of the sheet does not extend towards the outside of its edge of the associated sheet or sheet 136. The hooked end 148 is disposed below the outer abrasive layer 40. , as shown in Figure 16. When the seam 130 is being formed, the longitudinal free end 158 of the left strip 142 slides within the space 156 (Figure 18) of the right strip 144 and similarly the longitudinal free end 158 of The t right rage 136 slides in space 159 (FIG. 16) of left strip 142. When assembled, interlocking edges 134 and 136 are pushed down in opposite directions by the tubularly formed sheet or sheet 132 returning to its flat state. In order to hold the right end 156 of the outer abrasive layer 40 downwardly tightly in the helical seam 130, the left strip 142 (Figures 14 and 16) may be provided with a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer peely 164 (FIG. 14) that is covered by a peel-off layer 166. When the edges of the strip 134 and 136 are intertwined, the seam 130 is formed, the paper layer I66 is in strip from the adhesive layer 164 and the surface of the layer. abrasive 170 (Figure 19) is compressed against the sticky layer 164 to adhere the edge of the abrasive layer 1 [70 to the interlaced strip 136. in order to assist with the initial sliding insertion of the projecting free ends 158 into the spaces 159 , the strip 142 may have a releasable guide portion 178, (Figure 15) projecting beyond the latile edges 180 and 182 of the sheet. After the seam 1J0 is finished, the peel-off guide portion breaks in the weak area 179 on the strip 142 so that nothing projects. Outwardly from the ends of the cylindrical sleeve >;, as shown in Figures 12 and 13. Another way of doing this is by tapering or slightly decreasing the strips 142 and 144 at the start ends; so when the assembly is done and pushed against each other, they snap shut in place. The left strip 14 and the right strip 144 have opposite ends with a tapered tapered portion along the lines 182 and 183 (Figures 20 and 21) at their respective free ends 158 on these strips. This cutout portion leaves a tapered insertion space 184 (Figure 21) in each strip, so that the respective tapered ends 185 in the strips can be easily threaded. The tapered ends eliminate the need for the outgoing guides 178 (Figure 15) described above. This eliminates the need for the guide portions 186. When the sanding sleeve constructed with the helical seam 130 is placed on the drive roller 46, the compressed foam material 60 expands and exerts forces, which are directed radially outwardly, to expand the diameter of the sanding sleeve. This result in the opposingly directed circumferential forces in the sleeve that are applied to the strips 142 and 144, which also tend to flatten the height of the strips. So that the seam 130 is flat and tight when it is on the drive roller. Also because the seam is helical, only a portion thereof will be located in the plane of the sleeve 109, which is in engagement with the surface of the substrate 108 (FIG. 5) at the time of sanding, instead of all the Line of the straight seam is coupled to the surface of the substrate, if the seam is parallel in a straight line with the longitudinal axis of the sleeve. This small helical coupling of a seam portion probably causes a scratch or bond of the substrate due to the small engagement with the seam in any portion of the revolution of the sanding sleeve