MXPA97000995A - Conversion of heat in energy u - Google Patents

Abstract

The conversion of heat in a first fluid (e.g., vapor) to useful energy by the multiple-stage expansion of the first fluid, the heating of the first multiple-component working fluid in a separate closed circuit using heat from the primary fluid, and, the expansion of the multiple component work fluid. The primary fluid is a primary state is expanded in a first stage expander to obtain useful energy and to produce a partially expanded primary fluid. the stream of the partially expanded primary fluid is then separated into the liquid and vapor components and divided into a vapor stream (which is expanded in a second stage expander) and an additional primary stream (which is used to heat the Multiplier component work fluid

Description

CONVERSION OF HEAT IN USEFUL ENERGY Background of the Invention The invention relates to the conversion of thermal energy (for example, the heat produced by the combustion of toxic and / or corrosive fuels such as domestic waste or heat from geofluid) into useful energy (for example, mechanical and electrical). In the combustion process of fuels that generate toxic or corrosive combustion gases, it is necessary to keep the temperature of the boiler tubes below some temperature level in order to avoid the rapid corrosion of these tubes. circulation of boiling water through these tubes and producing, as a result, saturated or slightly overheated steam Conventionally, this steam is then subjected to expansion in a steam turbine, in order to produce useful energy. that this steam is usually saturated or overheated only slightly, the expansion of it causes the turbine to work in the region wet, which dramatically reduces the efficiency and longevity of the steam turbine. Since the steam turbine can not operate in conditions where the humidity of the steam exceeds 12-13% therefore, it is often necessary to stop the expansion to half of it and separate and remove the liquid and therefore continue the later expansion.

Useful energy can also be obtained from geofluid containing steam and brackish water, as described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 5,440,882.

Brief Description of the Invention In one aspect, the invention generally presents the conversion of heat in a primary fluid (e.g., vapor) to useful energy by multiple expansion of the primary fluid, heating of a multiple component work fluid in a closed circuit separate using heat from the primary fluid and, expansion of the multiple component work fluid. The primary fluid in a vapor state is expanded in a first stage expander to obtain the useful energy and to produce a primary fluid stream partially expanded. The partially expanded primary fluid stream is then separated into the liquid and vapor components and separated into a vapor stream (which is expanded in a second stage expander) and an additional primary stream (which is used to heat the multiple component work fluid). In the preferred embodiments, the used multiple component working fluid (which has been expanded) is condensed in a condenser and passed through a heat exchanger recuperator in which the heat from the multiple component working fluid used is used to heat the condensed multiple component working fluid in a recovery manner The primary fluid can be heated in a boiler or steam can be from a geofluid In another aspect, the invention presents, in general, the conversion of heat to useful energy by using two closed circuits A closed circuit contains a primary working fluid that is heated by means of an external heat source (for example, in boiler that burns toxic or corrosive fuel) and then separated into two streams The first current is expanded to obtain useful energy (for example, in a turbine) and, the second current is used in a first exchanger of heat for heating a multiple component work fluid in the second closed circuit The heated multiple component work fluid is also expanded to obtain additional useful energy (for example, in a second turbine) In preferred embodiments the first stream is separated into two streams, one of which is a vapor current that is expanded to obtain useful energy and both of the additional currents are used to also heat the multi-component working fluid in two additional heat exchangers. In another aspect, the invention presents, in general, a power system to convert the heat into a geofluid containing steam and brackish water into useful energy. The steam is separated from the brackish and expanded water and, the heat in the current is used to heat a fluid. of multiple component work in a separate closed circuit in a first heat exchanger. The separated brackish water is used to heat the multi-component working fluid in a second heat exchanger and is then discharged from the system. The multiple component work fluid is then expanded to obtain additional useful energy. In preferred embodiments, the multiple component working fluid used is condensed in a condenser and passed through a heat exchanger recuperator in which the heat of the multiple component working fluid used is used to heat the fluid in a recovery state. of multiple component work after it is condensed in the condenser. The heat used to heat the multi-component working fluid in the first heat exchanger is obtained from the steam that has expanded and is then separated into two streams. A current is steam that expands to obtain useful energy and the other current passes through the first heat exchanger and is subsequently sealed and recombined with the expanded current. Other advantages and features of the invention will be apparent from the following description of the particular embodiments thereof and from the claims.

Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the invention in which heat is obtained from the combustion of a fuel. Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the invention in which the heat is obtained from a geofluid containing steam and brackish water.

Description of the Particular Modalities of the Invention Referring to Fig. 1, an apparatus 110 for converting heat to mechanical energy is shown. Apparatus 110 includes first and second closed circuits 112, 114. Circuit 112 includes water as a primary working fluid. Circuit 114 includes a water / ammonia mixture as a multiple component work fluid. Systems with multiple component work fluids are described in U.S. Patents for Alexander I. Kalina Nos. 4,346,561; 4,489,563; 4,548,043; 4,586,340; 4,604,867; 4,732,005; 4,763,480; 4,899,545, 4,982,568; 5,029,444; 5,095,708; 5,440,882; 5,450,821, and the nos. In series 08 / 283,091, 08 / 546,419 which are incorporated herein by reference. In a closed circuit 112, the liquid water condensed with the parameters as in point 56 is sent through tubes inside the boiler 116, which burns toxic and / or corrosive fuels. In the tubes in boiler 116, the water boils, producing saturated, dry steam, with the parameters as in point 51. The steam with the parameters as in point 51 is divided into the first and second primary currents which has parameters such as at points 41 and 52, respectively. The vapor of the current with the parameters as in point 41 is sent inside the first stage of the steam turbine ST-1, which is a first expander where the steam expands to an intermediate pressure, producing energy and leaving the ST-1 with the parameters as in point 42. This steam, already wet, is sent inside the separator S in the separator / divider 118, where the liquid in the first expanded primary stream is separated from the vapor. Part of the separate steam having the parameters as in point 43 forms a third primary current that is sent into the second stage, S-2 (a second expander) of the steam turbine. The rest of the vapor and all the liquid coming out of the separator S combine to create a fourth primary current with the parameters as in point 45. The third primary vapor stream having the parameters as in point 43 (see above) is It expands in the second stage from the steam turbine ST-2, producing energy and obtaining the parameters as in point 44. As a result, the second, third and fourth primary currents of saturated or wet steam that have the parameters are created. as in points 52, 44 and 45, respectively. The second primary current with the parameters as in point 52 has the highest pressure and temperature. The fourth primary current with the parameters as in point 45 has the intermediate pressure and temperature and, the third primary current with the parameters as in point 44 has the lowest pressure and temperature, respectively. The steam in the second primary stream with the parameters as in point 52 is sent inside the heat exchanger HE-1 where it is condensed and subcooled, releasing the heat and leaving HE-1, with the parameters as in point 54 The steam in the fourth primary current with the parameters as in point 45 is sent inside the second heat exchanger HE-2 where it is condensed and subcooled, releasing the heat and leaving the HE-2 with the parameters as in point 46. This fourth primary current is then pumped by pump P-2 to a pressure equal to that of the vaporen the second primary current that has the parameters as in point 54 (see above) and obtains the parameters as in point 50. The steam in the third primary stream with the parameters as in point 44 is sent into the third HE-3 heat exchanger where it is condensed and subcooled, releasing the heat and leaving the heat exchanger HE-3 with the parameters as in point 48. This third primary current is then pumped by the P-3 pump to a pressure equal to that of the second and fourth primary currents that they have the parameters as in points 54 and 50 (see above) and get the parameters as in point 49.

Subsequently, the second, third and fourth primary currents that have the parameters as in points 54, 49 and 50, respectively, combine to create a current with the parameters as in point 55. This current is then pumped by the pump P -4 to a required pressure, acquiring the parameters as in point 56 (see above) and, is sent inside the boiler 116. In the second closed circuit 114, a fully condensed multiple component working fluid having the parameters as in point 14 is pumped up to the high pressure required by pump P-1 and obtains the parameters as in point 21. Subsequently, a multi-component working fluid stream with the parameters as in point 21 passes through the fourth heat exchanger HE-4 where it is heated and obtains the parameters as in point 60. Preferably the state of the working fluid at point 60 is a saturated liquid. or. Subsequently, the multiple component working fluid stream with the parameters as in point 60 is passed through the fifth HE-5 heat exchanger where it is partially vaporized, obtaining the parameters as in point 62. A current with the parameters as in point 62, is subsequently sent inside the third heat exchanger HE-3 (see above) where it is heated and vaporized by the heat released in the third heat exchanger HE-3 and obtains the parameters as in point 66. Subsequently, a working fluid stream having the parameters as in point 66 is sent into the second HE-2 heat exchanger where it is heated and completely vaporized by the heat released in the second HE-2 heat exchanger. . A multi-component working fluid stream leaving the heat exchanger HE-2 with the parameters as in point 68 (preferably in the saturated steam state), enters the first heat exchanger HE-1 where it is overheated by the heat released in the heat exchanger HE- and it goes out with the parameters as in point 30. A working fluid stream of multiple component with the parameters as in point 30 passes through the working fluid turbine WFT (a second expander) where it is expanded, producing energy and leaving the WFT as a multiple component work fluid used with the parameters as in point 36. The multiple component work fluid used with the parameters as in point 36 passes through the heat exchanger HE-5 where it is cooled and partially condensed, releasing heat (see above) and exiting HE-5 with the parameters as in point 38. Subsequently, a Multiple component working fluid stream with the parameters as in point 38 enters the HE-4 recovery heat exchanger where it is cooled and condensed, releasing heat (see above) and leaving HE-4 with the parameters as in point 29. A stream of a partially condensed multiple component working fluid having the parameters as in point 29 passes through a HE-6 condenser where it is completely condensed by a stream of cooling water or cooling air. -24 and obtain, as a result, the parameters as in point 14. All the specific parameters of the key points of the described process are presented in Table I. The apparatus 110 provides the effective conversion of the heat produced by the combustion of toxic fuels and corrosive. Table 2 presents a summary of the performance of the system proposed in Fig. 1 and shows a net thermal efficiency of 28.14%. In a traditional system based on the direct expansion of steam, the steam leaving the kettle with parameters identical to those of point 51 would produce a net efficiency of 21%. As a result, the system of Fig. 1 improves the efficiency of heat conversion and power generation by 33%. Referring to figure 2, a power system 210 designated for the use of heat from a geofluid consisting of steam and brackish water is shown. The high mineralization of brackish water limits the degree to which it can be cooled practically and results in conditions that are similar in some respects to the system of Fig. 1 designed for the use of toxic and corrosive fuels. The similarity of conditions allows some of the principles to be used in the geofluid 210 power system.

In the geofluid 210 power system, the geofluid comprises steam and mineralized brackish water having the parameters as in point 151 into the separator S-1 where it is separated in a stream of saturated steam having the parameters as in point 141 and the stream of mineralized liquid brackish water having the parameters as in point 152. The vapor stream having the parameters as in point 141 enters the high pressure steam turbine ST-1, where it is expanded to intermediate pressure obtaining the parameters as in point 142. The steam with the parameters as in point 142 is moistened and enters the separator S-2 in the separator / divider 212, where the liquid in the expanded vapor is separated from the vapor and divided into a first current with the parameters as in point 143 and a second current with the parameters as in point 146. The steam coming out of the separator S-2 is divided into two subcurrents with the couple meters as at point 143 and point 145, respectively. Subsequently, the first current (steam with the parameters as in point 143) is sent into the low pressure steam turbine ST-2 where it expands to a low pressure and produces useful energy. The high-pressure steam turbine ST-1 and the low-pressure steam turbine ST-2 are first and second stage expanders, respectively, for steam After expansion in the low-pressure turbine ST-2, the first current obtains the parameters as in point 144. The steam current with the parameters as in point 145 is mixed with the liquid removed from the separator S-2 and creates the second current with the parameters as in point 146. The second current passes through the first heat exchanger HE-1, where it is condensed and subcooled, leaving this heat exchanger with the parameters as in point 148. Subsequently, the condensate current with the parameters as in point 148 is plugged in the shut-off valve TV up to a pressure equal to the pressure of the current from ST-2 having the parameters as in point 144 and mixed with this current. As a result of such mixing, the current of a partially condensed vapor having the parameters as in point 149 is created. The current having the parameters as in point 149 passes through the steam condenser HE-6, where it is cooled by water or cooling air and, it is completely condensed, obtaining the parameters as in point 150. The condensed current is discharged after system 210. The liquid brackish water removed from separator S-1 and having the parameters as in point 152 (see above) passes through a second heat exchanger HE-2, where it is cooled and obtains the parameters as in point 154. The heat released from the brackish water in the heat exchanger HE-2 is transferred to a working fluid of the binary cycle that is described below. The cooled brackish water is subsequently discharged from system 210 at an acceptable temperature.

The working fluid of a binary cycle that is completely condensed and that has the parameters as in point 114 is pumped by the pump P-1 and obtains the parameters as in point 121. Subsequently, the working fluid stream with the Parameters as in point 212 passes through the heat exchanger recuperator HE-3, where it is heated and obtains the parameters as in point 160. The state of the working fluid with the parameters as in point 160 is preferably that of liquid saturated. Subsequently, the current with the parameters as in point 160 passes through the HE-4 heat exchanger where it is partially heated and obtains the parameters as in point 166. Subsequently, the working fluid current that has the parameters as at point 166 it passes through the first HE-1 heat exchanger, where it is heated by the heat from the second stream of the separator / divider 212 and is completely vaporized, leaving the heat exchanger HE-1 with the parameters as in point 168. The working fluid of multiple component having the parameters as in point 168 it passes through the second HE-2 heat exchanger where it is superheated by the heat released in the cooling process of the liquid geothermal brackish water. As a result of heating in the HE-1 heat exchanger, the working fluid obtains the parameters as in point 130 with which it enters the working fluid turbine WFT. In the WFT turbine, the working fluid expands producing work and obtaining the parameters as in point 136. Subsequently, the used multiple component working fluid that has the parameters as in point 136 passes through the HE-4 exchanger where it is partially condensed and leaves this heat exchanger with the parameters as in point 138. The heat released in the HE-4 heat exchanger was used for the initial evaporation of the working fluid (between points 160 and 166). Subsequently, the working fluid that has the parameters as in point 138 passes through the heat exchanger HE-3 where it is condensed obtaining the parameters as in point 129. The heat released in the HE-3 heat exchanger was used for preheating a close stream of working fluid (between points 121 and 160) as described above. The flow of working fluid that has the parameters as in point 129 is sent inside the condenser HE-5, where it is condensed by water or cooling air obtaining the parameters as in point 114. The working fluid cycle closes. In the power system 210, the heat of condensation of the current after the second stage of the turbine (ST-2) is not used for the heating and vaporization of the working fluid in the binary cycle (as in the system 110 in Figure 1) but is discarded into the environment. This is because the heat is of a very low temperature and does not contain the potential to generate energy.

The power system 210 shown in Figure 2, which is applied to the use of geothermal energy, provides improved efficiency of approximately 30% compared to conventional systems in which steam is fully expanded to the lowest possible pressure and liquid it is sealed to produce additional steam, which also expands to the lowest possible pressure. The parameters of all the currents in the power system 210 at all the key points are presented in Table 3, and the summary of the performance of this The system is presented in Table 4 The two systems described 110, 210 employ the multiple stage vapor expansion that is employed as a heat source with the use of condensation heat to heat and vaporize a multi-component working fluid in the closed binary cycle Also, in both cases, the multiple component work fluid in the binary cycle is a mixture of at least s two components The composition of the components in the multi-component working fluid is selected in such a way as to provide the initial condensation temperature of a working fluid, after the expansion is greater than the initial boiling temperature of the same working fluid. Work before the expansion This, in turn, provides the initial boil of recovery of working fluid that enters Other embodiments of the invention are within the scope of the appended claims. For example, it is possible in the system presented in Fig. 1 to use as a heat source not the vapor but a mixture of vapor and liquid and to use the steam released by cooling this liquid to superheat the working fluid of a cycle binary.

Table 2 Performance summary KCS23 Heat for Kettle of 15851.00 kW 577.22 BTU / lb Steam Heat Ejected 10736.96 kW 390.99 BTU / lb Expansion Work 5269.74 kW 191.90 BTU / lb Turbine S Total Electric Output 4900.86 kW 178.47 BTU / lb Power Cycle of 166.12 kW 6.05 BTU / lb Pump 139.98 kW Air fans 5.10 BTU / lb Cooling Net Output Plant 4594.76 kW 167.32 BTU / lb Cycle Efficiency 29.87% Total Thermal Efficiency Net 28.99% First Efficiency 33.25% Second Efficiency Law 68.22% Second Law Maximum Law 48.73% Heat Speed of 11771.21 BTU / kWh Turbine Flow Speed 93700.80 Ib / r Water / Ammonia "to. Table 4 Performance Summary KCS21 Heat input 151693 12 kW 1312 93 BTU / lb Heat Ejected 117591 11 kW 1017 77 BTU / lb Entalpia drops of 34373 80 kW 297 51 BTU / lb Turbine Working Turbine 33514 45 kW 290 07 BTU / lb Power Pump 288 77 kW 2 50 BTU / lb AE H 2 35, Energy Power Supply 632 05 kW 5 74 BTU / lb + Cooler Net work 32882 40 kW 284 60 BTU / lb Total Output 33514 45 kWe Cycle Output 33225 68 kWe Total Output 32882 40 kWe Net Thermal Efficiency 21 68% Second Law Limit 30 80% Second Efficiency 70 37% Brackish Water Consumption Law 38 77 Ib / kW hr Specific Energy Output 25 79 Watt hr / lb Specific

Claims (48)

1. CLAIMS 1. A method of converting heat to useful energy comprising expanding a primary fluid in a vapor state in a first stage expander to obtain useful energy and to produce an expanded primary fluid stream having vapor and liquid components, separating said current from primary fluid partially expanded in the liquid and vapor components and separate the current in a vapor stream and an additional primary stream that includes liquid, expand the vapor stream in a second stage expander to obtain useful energy, use heat in the current of partially expanded primary fluid for heating a multiple component in a separate closed circuit in a primary heat exchanger, and expanding the multi-component working fluid in an additional expander in said separate closed circuit to obtain the useful energy and produce a fluid of Multiple component work. The method of claim 1, wherein the multiple component work fluid is condensed in a condenser and passed through a heat exchanger recuperator in which the heat from the multiple component work fluid is used to recovering the multi-component working fluid after it is condensed in said condenser. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the primary fluid is a vapor state is vapor. The method of claim 3, wherein the steam is generated by heating the primary fluid in a primary closed circuit in a boiler. The method of claim 4, wherein the heating includes burning corrosive or toxic fuels. The method of claim 5, wherein the primary fluid in a vapor state is divided into a first primary stream that expands in the first stage expander and a second primary stream that is used to heat the working fluid of multiple component before it is expanded. The method of claim 6, wherein the primary current is used to heat the multi-component working fluid before it is heated in the first heat exchanger. The method of claim 3, wherein the primary fluid in a vapor state is obtained from the geofluid. The method of claim 8, further comprising separating said stream from the brackish water in said geofluid and using the brackish water to heat the multi-component working fluid before it is expanded. 10. The apparatus for converting heat into useful energy comprising a first stage expander in which a primary fluid in a vapor state is expanded to obtain useful energy and to produce a partially expanded primary fluid stream having vapor and liquid components, a separator / divider that separates the partially expanded primary fluid stream from the first stage expander into vapor and liquid components and separates the stream into a vapor stream and an additional primary stream that includes liquid, a second stage expander where the vapor stream from the separator / divider is expanded to obtain useful energy, a primary heat exchanger connected to use the heat in the partially expanded primary stream to heat a multi-component working fluid, and a separate closed circuit containing the Multiple component working fluid, the second closed circuit that inc It contains flow passages in the primary heat exchanger, the second closed circuit including an additional expander in which the multiple component work fluid expands to obtain useful energy and produce a used multiple component working fluid. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the separate closed circuit includes a condenser in which the multiple component working fluid used is condensed and a heat exchanger recuperator in which the heat of said multiple component working fluid used is used to heat said multi-component working fluid after it has been condensed in said condenser. 12. The apparatus of claim 10, where the primary fluid in a vapor state is vapor. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the current is generated by heating a primary working fluid in a closed circuit in a boiler. 14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the kettle burns corrosive or toxic fuels. The apparatus of claim 14, further comprising a current separator wherein said primary fluid in a vapor state is separated into a first primary stream that is expanded in the first stage expander and the second primary current that is Use to heat the multiple component work fluid before it is expanded. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the additional primary stream is connected to heat the multi-component working fluid before it is heated in the primary heat exchanger. 17. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the primary fluid in a vapor state is obtained from a geofluid. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, further comprising a separator in which the vapor is separated from the brackish water in said geofluid and an additional heat exchanger in which the heat of the brackish water is used to further heat the working fluid of multiple component before it is expanded. 19. A method of converting heat into useful energy comprising heating a primary working fluid in a first closed circuit with an external heat source, separating the heated primary working fluid into a first primary current and a second primary current, expanding the first primary current in a first expander to obtain useful energy, use heat in the second primary current to heat the multiple component work fluid in a second closed circuit in a first heat exchanger, and expand the multiple component work fluid in a second expander to obtain useful energy. The method of claim 19, wherein the heating includes burning corrosive or toxic fuels. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the primary fluid is steam. 22. The method of claim 19, wherein the heat in the first primary stream is used to heat the multi-component working fluid in a second heat exchanger after expansion in said first expander. The method of claim 22 , wherein the first primary stream is separated into liquid and vapor components and divided into third and fourth primary streams after expansion in said first expander, the third primary stream being a vapor that expands in a third expander to obtain energy useful, said fourth primary current passing through the second heat exchanger 24 The method of claim 23, wherein the heat in the third primary stream is used to heat the multi-component working fluid in a third heat exchanger after the expansion in said third expander 25 The method of claim 24, wherein the second, The fourth and fourth primary streams are combined to provide the primary working fluid that is heated by said boiler. The method of claim 25, wherein the first primary stream is separated into the liquid and vapor phases in a separator after expansion. in said first expander, part of said vapor phase providing the third primary stream and part of the vapor phase being joined with the liquid phase to provide the fourth primary stream. The method of claim 19, wherein the working fluid of multiple component is condensed in a condenser, after expansion in said second expander and passes through a fourth heat exchanger in which the heat from said multiple component fluid before condensation is used to heat recovery the multiple component work fluid after it is condensed in said condenser. 28. The apparatus for converting heat to useful energy comprising a first closed circuit containing a primary working fluid and including a heater for heating the primary working fluid and a first current separator separating the primary working fluid heated in a first primary current and a second primary current, said first closed circuit also including a first expander in which the first primary current is expanded to obtain useful energy, said first closed circuit also including a flow passage through a first heat exchanger for transferring heat from the second primary stream to a multiple component work fluid, and a second closed circuit containing the multiple component work fluid, said second closed circuit including a flow passage through the first heat exchanger, said second closed circuit including a second expander wherein the multiple component work fluid expands to obtain useful energy. 29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the heater is a boiler in which corrosive or toxic fuels are burned. 30. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the primary working fluid is steam. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the first closed circuit and the second closed circuit include passages in a second heat exchanger in which the heat from the first primary current is used to heat the component working fluid multiple. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the first closed circuit includes a separator / divider that separates the first primary stream in the liquid and vapor phases and separates the first primary stream in the third and fourth primary streams after expansion in said first expander, the third primary current being steam, the first closed circuit also including a third expander through which the third primary current passes and in which the third primary current is expanded, the fourth primary current passes through the second heat exchanger. The apparatus of claim 32, wherein the first closed circuit and the second closed circuit include passages in a third heat exchanger in which the heat from the third primary current is used to heat the component working fluid multiple. 34. The apparatus of claim 33, wherein the first closed circuit includes a current combiner wherein the second, third and fourth primary currents combine to provide the primary working fluid that is heated by said heater. 35. The apparatus of claim 32, wherein the separator / divider includes a separator separating the first primary stream in the liquid and vapor phases and a second current separator in which the vapor phase is separated in the third stream. primary and an additional current, and wherein the separator / divider further comprises a current combiner combining the additional current and the liquid phase in the fourth primary stream. 36. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the second closed circuit includes a condenser in which the multi-component working fluid was condensed and a fourth heat exchanger in which the heat from the component working fluid Multiple before condensation is used to heat recover the multi-component working fluid after being condensed in said condenser. 37. A method of heat conversion in a geofluid containing steam and brackish water to useful energy in a power system comprising separating the steam from the brackish water in said geofluid, expanding the vapor in a first expander that produces a vapor current expanded, using the heat in said steam to heat a multi-component working fluid in a separate closed circuit in a first heat exchanger, using brackish water to further heat the multi-component working fluid from the first heat exchanger in a second heat exchanger, discharging the brackish water from the second heat exchanger of the system, and expanding the multi-component working fluid in a second expander in said separate closed circuit to obtain useful energy and produce a component working fluid multiple used. 38. The method of claim 37, wherein the multiple component working fluid used is condensed in a condenser and passed through a heat exchanger recuperator in which the heat from said multiple component working fluid used is used to heat recovery of the multiple component work fluid after being condensed in said condenser. 39. The method of claim 38, wherein the heat used to heat the multi-component working fluid in the first heat exchanger is obtained from the steam that has expanded in said first expander. 40. The method of claim 39, wherein the expanded vapor stream is separated into the vapor and liquid components and is separated in the first and second streams after expansion in said first expander, the first stream being a vapor that is expanded in a third expander to obtain useful energy, the second current passing through the first heat exchanger. 41 The method of claim 40, wherein the second stream is plugged after passing through the first heat exchanger and combined with the first stream after the first stream has been expanded in said third expander. 42. The method of claim 41, wherein the first and second combined streams are condensed and discharged from the system. 43. The apparatus for converting heat into a geofluid containing steam and brackish water into useful energy in a power system comprising a separator that separates the steam from the brackish water in said geofluid, a first expander that expands the steam to obtain energy useful and produce an expanded steam stream, a separate closed circuit containing a multi-component working fluid, the second closed circuit including flow passages in a first heat exchanger in which the heat in the steam is used to heat the multi-component working fluid, the second closed circuit including flow passages in a second heat exchanger in which the brackish water additionally heats the multi-component working fluid from the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger including a second expander in which the multiple component work fluid from the second intercam The heat exchanger is expanded to obtain useful energy and produce a used multiple component working fluid, and an effluent line is connected to discharge the brackish water from the second heat exchanger of the system. 44. The apparatus of claim 43, wherein the separate closed circuit includes a condenser in which the multi-component working fluid is condensed and a heat exchanger recuperator in which the heat from the multi-component working fluid is used to heat the multi-component working fluid in a recovery way after it is condensed in the condenser. 45. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the heat used to heat the multi-component working fluid in the first heat exchanger is obtained from the steam that has been expanded in said first expander. 46. The apparatus of claim 45, further comprising a separator / divider that separates the expanded vapor stream into the liquid and vapor components and separates the expanded steam stream into the first and second streams, the first stream being vapor and , further comprising a third expander through which the first current passes and in which the first current is expanded to obtain useful energy, the second current passing through the first heat exchanger. 47. The apparatus of claim 46, further comprising a shut-off valve in which the second stream is sealed after passing through the first heat exchanger and a joint in which the second stream from the shut-off valve it is combined with the first current after the first current has been expanded in the third expander. 48. The apparatus of claim 47, wherein the first and second combined streams are condensed and discharged from the system.