MXPA96006256A - Removal of organic compounds from a fluid using a permanent membrane - Google Patents
Removal of organic compounds from a fluid using a permanent membraneInfo
- Publication number
- MXPA96006256A MXPA96006256A MXPA/A/1996/006256A MX9606256A MXPA96006256A MX PA96006256 A MXPA96006256 A MX PA96006256A MX 9606256 A MX9606256 A MX 9606256A MX PA96006256 A MXPA96006256 A MX PA96006256A
- Authority
- MX
- Mexico
- Prior art keywords
- organic compounds
- membrane
- fluid
- penetration
- module
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017788 Cydonia oblonga Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 240000000590 Cydonia oblonga Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000412626 Penetes Species 0.000 claims 1
- 210000003660 Reticulum Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004379 Membranes Anatomy 0.000 description 33
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetone Substances CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 17
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008079 hexane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000037025 penetration rate Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000717 retained Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000003598 Fraxinus ornus Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 Lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940044609 Sulfur Dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001900 immune effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960005349 sulfur Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001508 sulfur Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010269 sulphur dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JCMLRUNDSXARRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioxouranium Chemical compound O=[U](=O)=O JCMLRUNDSXARRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for removing condensable organic compounds from a fluid comprising the steps of: providing a fluid contaminated with condensable organic compounds; providing a permeable polyalkylsulfone membrane having a selectivity of > - 20 - pass the contaminated fluid with organic compounds along a surface of the membrane, selectively attract the organic compounds to the membrane, penetrate the organic compounds through the membrane and recirculate the organic compounds that penetrate it.
Description
REMOVAL OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM A FLUID USING ONE MEMBRANE PERMEABL F
CfiTIPQ PE INVENTION
This invention relates to a method for removing condensable oryarose compounds from a fluid (e.g., a stream of air or water) using a permeable membrane.
0 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In many industrial processes, a by-product fluid stream (air or water) is produced which is accompanied by smaller amounts of condensable organic compounds (ie, vapors or liquids). For ecological reasons, it is not convenient to simply discharge these currents with ambient air, especially if the amount and amount of organic compounds exceeds legal immunological values. In addition, it may be economically and beneficial to separate the organic compounds from the current U so that they can be recycled from o + r < Therefore, there is a need to separate organic compounds from by-product streams. One approach to solving the problem of separation of organic compounds is the use of a membrane b technology. Katoc, M. et al., "Hydrocarbon Vapor Recove v with riernbrane Technology", NKK Technical ev e? . Vol. 56, (2989) pp.
hY-72. This approach involves a mixed-body membrane that has a selective waterproof layer, a porous membrane (microporous) layer and a sopoite fabric. The mixed body membrane is in the form of a flat sheet. The membrane of the rnixt-o body is wound to form a spirally wound module.The perselective layer is described as being ultra thin (of microwaves) and selectively impermeable to hydrocarbons or other organic vapors. The chemical composition of the pepneoselect layer ID, In view of the above, there is a need to identify materials to be used as the selective waterproofing material to remove organic vapors for outward or inward currents. V ase: Patent of
1 * 5 E. U. A. No. 3,928,294 and 4, 179,? 75?; Concise Encyclopedia of
Polvmer Science and En ineepng. lohn Uiley 8c Sons, NYC, NY
(1990) p. 674-R76; Ki r -Othmer Fncvclopedia o_f Chemical
Tftchno, Q'W. 3fl E ición, lohn Wiley a Sons, NYC, NY (1983) Vol.
21, page 966; Gray, D. N., "Olef i n / Sul fur Dioxide
Copolyrners ", Polyrn r News, Gordon and Breach Science Publisher,
Inc., Fol. 3 '1976), pp. 1 4.146; Gray, .N. , "Ten Status of Olefin- Oa Copolumers as Biomatep ls", I) i orne d cal and Dent l DDl cations. Plenurn Publishing Corporation, NYC, NY (1981) pp. 21-26; and Gray, D. N, "" Polymepc Mernbranes for Artificial
2b Lungs ", Flmoncan Chemical Socioty (1984). Revestments of polyaluminium based on icroporous polypropylene (eg, CFLGARD® membranes) are known, see: Tray," The Status .. "", Ibid. page 24. The permeoselectivity (or selectivity) of that mixed body membrane is 4.1.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A method is described for removing condensable orgaiic compounds from a fluid. A fluid contaminated with condensable organic compounds is provided. A permeable membrane of polyalquilsu f? Na is provided which has a selectivity ad > 20. The fl ow is passed through a surface of the membrane. Organic compounds enter through the membrane. The penetrating organic compounds are recycled.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
For the purpose of illustrating the invention, the drawings show a form which is presently preferred, however, it should be understood that this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned and other rurnentally shown arrangements. Figure 1 is a schematic view of a system-ar-a vapor separation- that insoles the present invention. Figure 2 is a sectional view of an embodiment of a module made in accordance with the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A permeable membrane refers to a membrane suitable for removing condensable organic compounds from a liquid b. Said membrane can be used in vapor separation or pre-vaporization processes. The present invention is preferably used in steam separation processes, and their importance on these is demonstrated in the attached examples. Steam separation is a separation or membrane technique to remove organic compounds from an air stream. Prevaporization is a membrane separation technique in which organic compounds are removed from a liquid (E.G. water). Organic compounds or condensable organic compounds refer to non-biological materials that are condensable, e.g., hydrocarbons. Exemplary organic compounds include toluene, hexane, gasoline vapors, etc. The permeable membrane has a higher affinity for the organic compounds that are to be removed. For example, the permeable membrane can be made from or coated with a polymer in which the objective organic compound (ie organic compound to be removed) has a higher affinity for or solubility in the fluid. The membrane must have a selectivity (or per seleetivity) 50. The selectivity b is a 1 diffusion and absorption bond.Selectivity is the ratio of the penetration rate of the most penetrable material to the least penetrable material. The organic compound is preferably collected in the permeable membrane The preferred embodiment of the present invention, which will be described in more detail below, includes a substrate and a polyalkylsulphone coating on it and is described in connection with a Separation procedure, by, but not limited to: Substrate refers to any permeable permeable or porous film.This substrate is used as a support for the coating (described in more detail below). The substrate must not be a limiting factor of the velocity in the mass transfer of the compound through the permeable membrane. Preferably, the substrate is a polyimepco material, most preferably polypropylene. The substrate can be in any form, for example, a woolen sheet or a hollow fiber. Preferably, the substrate is a hollow fiber. Such substrates are commercially available under the tradename of CEIGARD hollow fiber, corrugated membranes, available from Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte, NC, E.U. O. The polyester coating Isulphone preferably refers to an ultra-thin layer of the polymer on the substrate. The thin layer may vary in thickness from about 0.1 to 10 microns and is preferably about 2-5 microns thick. The lower limit is defined in such a way that there is sufficient polymer to attract the organic compound, while the upper limit is defined by the cost of the polymer and by considerations of mass transfer. The polyalkyl phonyl refers to any type of ligninic oleic flake. of sulfur (also known as polyole sulfones and polyalkyl sulphonates) These polyalkylsulfones have a unique formula of (-R-SOa- - ~ R ~.) x where R is any suitable monomer and X >; 0. Said polyalkyl sulfones are usually available as 0 Biobland PRS-16 from Anal. Rase Tnc. of Ma? eo, OH, E.U.tt. The product can be any material, for example, gas or liquid. The preferred gas is air. The preferred fluid is water. In any case, the organic compound must be present in the fluid at an amount greater than or equal to 0.5% b v / v. The module refers to any contact element for housing the membrane. Preferably, the modules described in the patents of E.U.R. are used. Nos. 5,264,171 and 5,352,361. These two patents are incorporated here? by reference. Preferably, the hollow fibers are incorporated in the module with fabrics. The fabrics can be woven or knitted.
Preferably, the fabrics are knitted with the fiber huet as the padding and a polypropylene fiber < . orno l < t warp. These modules are commercially available from 5 Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte, NC, USPl under the brand name LIQUI-CEL15 *.
The organic compounds can be recycled or discarded. A preferred recirculation method is condensation. Referring to the drawings in which similar numbers b indicate similar elements, a system for vapor separation 10 is shown in Figure 1. A feed stream 12 comprising organic compounds (co or steam) and air, is fed into the module 16 through a blower- 14. A permeable membrane (not shown) is
contained within the module 16. The air 20 is fed to the module 16. The organic compounds penetrate the membrane (ie, use the membrane) to form a penetrating product 22. The retained stream 18 contains a reduced amount of organic compounds . The organic compounds in the product
of penetration 22 can be removed through a condensation process 24. It is kept empty on the penetration product 22 through a vacuum pump 26. Other process configurations are also possible as known to the person led in the art. . See, for example,
Katoh, Tbid .. which is incorporated here by reference. Referring to Figure 2, a preferred module 15 is shown which is made in accordance with the U.S. Patent. Nos.5, 264, 171. The module 16 generates a lute comprising a shell 30 and a plurality of tubes 32. The
? r tubes 32 are hollow, cotton-like fibers. A centre tube 34 is located along the longitudinal length of the shell 30. The central tube 34 is a perforated bo, so the fluid can enter and exit. A reader 36 can be attached to the middle tube 34 intermediate between the ends thereof. The shell 30, the tube sheets 38 and the outer surfaces of the 5 tubes 32 define the side of the shell 40. The side of the core 40 is provided with an inlet 42 and an outlet 44. The material flow through the side of the shell 40 is indicated by 46. The interiors or volumes of the tubes 32 define, in l > art, the side of the tube 48. The side of the tube 48, is provided
of an entry 50 and an exit 52. Module 16 is not limited to the previous configuration. The following examples illustrate selected embodiments of the present invention, however, the scope of the invention should not be considered as limited to the illustrated modes.
EXAMPLE I - Film Preparation
A 1.25% solution of PP1S-16 in 0 solvent of THF (tet ahydro urane) was prepared. Films from that solution were cast by pipetting into a metal ring a quantity of solution calculated to produce a film about 100 microns thick, and then letting the THF solvent "evaporate slowly, v. Gr-., Approximately? 12 hours * approximately 20-25 ° C. Slow evaporation was desirable to produce dense films that have tightly packed chains and minimal porosity.After the films were cast and the solvent evaporated, the films were cut to fit in the test cell and its average thickness was determined.
EXAMPLE TT - Preparation of Movies
A 4 wt% solution of PRS-16 in THF solvent (tetrahydrofuran) was prepared and filled into films approximately 100 microns thick and placed in test cells according to the procedure set forth in the example.
I.
EXAMPLE III - Acetone Penetration Rate
Film samples approximately 1 2 microns thick that have a surface area < penetration) of about 35 ern2, in test cells, made in accordance with examples I and II were exposed on the side (feed) to a stream of nitrogen gas enriched with acetone vapor created by bubbling nitrogen gas (20-). 25 ° C / .1406 lg / cm2 g) through liquid acetone (20-25 ° C / .1406 l.-g / cm52); the gas stream passed through the surface of the film at a feed pressure of approximately 20.7 KPa and a feed flow rate of approximately 195.2 rnl / in. A partial vacuum was created (737-759 tor-r- or 29.0-29.9 in Hg) on the other (penetration) side of the film using a conventional vacuum pump. Acetone and nitrogen were passed through the membrane at different speeds, and the remainder of the gas stream was passed (retained flow velocity of 200 ml / min-55 l / rnin) out of the cell to a pressure (holding pressure) of approximately 13.8 KPa. The test was conducted at room temperature (23.9 - 30.0 ° C) for about 3 hours (10.8 x 10 ^ seconds). The acetone vapor in the penetration stream condensed and was frozen in a liquid nitrogen trap, but the nitrogen penetration product passed through the trap and was not retained. The amount of the trapped acetone penetration product was measured and the penetration rate of the acetone to tr-poultry of the film sample was calculated as follows equation:
Q (material. Penetration in mass (penetration area) A (iempo)
The operating time was 4.5 X 103 sec. The ketone collected as a penetrating material was 26.6 grams, the acetone flow (0) was 16.6 X 10- "gram / cpF, sec (or 04 x 10" "" "3 std.cc / crn17.sec) .
EXAMPLE IV - Speed < je Nitrogen Penetration
The film samples in test cells used in Example III were also tested for nitrogen penetrability, both before and after the nitrogen penetration tests of Example III. The nitrogen gas was applied to one side of the film, typically at a feed rate of 3,515 or 7,030 kg / crn3, and the time required for a given volume of nitrogen to pass through the
The membrane was measured using a soap bubble flowmeter connected to the cell penetration side. The time, gas volume and feed pressure were varied, depending on the nitrogen permeability of the film sample. Penetration rates were calculated from measurements
of time and volume using the following equation:
Q = (material, «Je penetration Q? Mass, penetration capacity) x (time)
The flow of N2 was 1.11 x 10 ~ 3 std cc / cm2. sec
(under ndhetic conditions to those described in example III). The selectivity (acetone / N2) was 64 / 1.11 or 58.6.
EXAMPLE V- Preparation of Fibers v Module? K Hollow fibers of porous polypropylene CELGFlRDR were re-coated with a layer of POS-16 by immersing the fibers in a 2.5% POS-16 solution in THF and letting the solvent it will evaporate from the fibers. The coated fibers have a thickness layer of POS-16 of 2.5 microns. These coated fibers were coated on a cloth with a polypropylene warp fiber, and the cloth served as the membrane in a module of the type shown in FIG. L. The module had a membrane area of 0.6 m. .
EXAMPLE VI - Nodule Test Results
Several tests were conducted at room temperature (about 25 ° C) using the pre-filled module (described in Example V. The rate of nitrogen permeability of the module was tested essentially according to the procedure of Example IV, and determined which was 25 xj (j-? o (í, t (j, crn-i-cm / e <j- crn =, / C | n H < :)> Two tests each of acetone permeability and hexane were conducted at a temperature of 25 ° C using a feed pressure of .351 kg / cm2"g and a feed flow rate of 23.3 liters per minute in each of the four tests. Vacuum pressure to the penetration side of the membrane and the concentration of feed stream and residue stream concentration of the acetone or hexane that penetrated was measured and used to claculate the amount of penetration material, the penetration flow and the Permeability for acetone or hexane The selectivity of the mem brane for acetone or hexane compared to nitrogen was determined by the ratio of permeability to organic compounds / permeability to M ^. These results are shown in table I below •
CUPPRO 1
Many variations of the present invention not illustrated herein will occur for those skilled in the art. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments illustrated and described herein, but encompasses all subject matter within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. - A method for removing condensable organic compounds from a fluid comprising the steps of: providing a fluid contaminated with condensable organic compounds; providing a permeable polyalkylsulfone membrane having an -electivity of * 20; passing the contaminated fluid with organic compounds along a surface of the membrane; to selectively bring organic compounds to the membrane; to penetrate the organic compounds through the membrane and recirculate the organic compounds that! < - »penet ra.
2. The method according to claim 1, further characterized in that the quince comprises a substrate substrate with a coating of pollululsa on it.
3. The method according to claim 2, furthermore because the membrane comprises a hollow fiber.
4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the substrate is a polymer material. na
5. The method according to claim 4, further characterized in that the polyolefin material is a polypropylene material.
6. The method according to claim 3, further characterized in that the hollow fiber is incorporated into a fabric.
7. The method according to claim 1, further characterized in that the honeycomb is incorporated in a module.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08569472 | 1995-12-08 | ||
| US08/569,472 US5582735A (en) | 1995-12-08 | 1995-12-08 | Removal of organics from a fluid using a permeable membrane |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| MXPA96006256A true MXPA96006256A (en) | 1997-06-01 |
| MX9606256A MX9606256A (en) | 1997-06-28 |
Family
ID=24275592
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| MX9606256A MX9606256A (en) | 1995-12-08 | 1996-12-06 | Removal of organics from a fluid using a permeable membrane. |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5582735A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR970032992A (en) |
| MX (1) | MX9606256A (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5938928A (en) * | 1991-08-01 | 1999-08-17 | Nonap Pty. Ltd. | Osmotic distillation process using a membrane laminate |
| DE69528652D1 (en) * | 1994-06-22 | 2002-11-28 | Fls Miljoe As Valby | MASS TRANSFER DEVICE |
| US5954858A (en) * | 1995-11-22 | 1999-09-21 | North Carolina State University | Bioreactor process for the continuous removal of organic compounds from a vapor phase process stream |
| US5993515A (en) * | 1996-05-14 | 1999-11-30 | New Jersey Institute Of Technology | Apparatus and process for selectively removing a component from a multicomponent aqueous solution by pervaporation |
| US6039792A (en) * | 1997-06-24 | 2000-03-21 | Regents Of The University Of California And Bp Amoco Corporation | Methods of forming and using porous structures for energy efficient separation of light gases by capillary condensation |
| US6656361B1 (en) * | 2000-10-15 | 2003-12-02 | Osmotek, Inc. | Membrane assisted evaporation process and device for brine concentration |
| KR20180023971A (en) | 2015-07-01 | 2018-03-07 | 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 컴파니 | Polymeric ionomer membranes and methods of use |
| KR20180023972A (en) | 2015-07-01 | 2018-03-07 | 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 컴파니 | PVP-containing and / or PVL-containing composite membranes and methods of use |
| EP3316998A1 (en) | 2015-07-01 | 2018-05-09 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Composite membranes with improved performance and/or durability and methods of use |
| DE102017118531A1 (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2019-02-14 | QC1 GmbH | Device for preparing a liquid sample for a gas chromatograph |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3928294A (en) * | 1972-02-22 | 1975-12-23 | Owens Illinois Inc | Biocompatible articles including polymeric membranes having high permeability to gases and uses thereof |
| US4179757A (en) * | 1972-02-22 | 1979-12-25 | Owens-Illinois, Inc. | Biocompatible articles having high permeability to gases derived from polysulfones |
| US4666644A (en) * | 1983-11-03 | 1987-05-19 | Owens-Illinois, Inc. | Method of making asymmetrical layered structures from polyalkylene sulfone resins |
| US5264171A (en) * | 1991-12-31 | 1993-11-23 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | Method of making spiral-wound hollow fiber membrane fabric cartridges and modules having flow-directing baffles |
-
1995
- 1995-12-08 US US08/569,472 patent/US5582735A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-12-05 KR KR1019960062060A patent/KR970032992A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-12-06 MX MX9606256A patent/MX9606256A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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