The invention relates to a package for a counter-current high-pressure column according to the main idea of claim 1, as well as to high-pressure columns with packages of that type and to the use of such columns. Coordinated packages that are constructed of shaped metallic lamellas directed parallel to the axis of the column have been shown to be valuable in low pressure separation columns (from vacuum to atmospheric pressure). Successful tests have also been carried out at elevated pressure of up to 50 bar. These tests were carried out with a pilot column presenting the following geometric characteristics: the height of the column is 18mt. , and its internal diameter 35cm.; The package consists of cylindrical pack bodies with a height of 20cm. These bodies are made of sheet and have an open cross channel structure. They each consist of folded slanted lamellae in a structured manner that are layered one on top of the other, in such a way that they form open crossed channels that run inclined with respect to the axis of the column. The packaging bodies stacked one on top of the other, are oriented in such a way that the given positions of the neighboring bodies by the lamellas are directed transversely one with respect to the other, and especially the orientation changes each time by 90 °. A gas flows through the package, essentially moving in the form of a jet stream, and experiences a mixture in the direction of the deposits in the packaging bodies. Thanks to the alternating orientation of the neighboring packing bodies, a perfect mixing takes place through the cross section of the column, if it is passed in order to perform a rectification, a gas (steam stream), and a liquid (spray film), in countercurrent through the packaging, then a heat and substance exchange is made between the two phases, with a good separation effect in case the liquid is applied with a distributor evenly over the section cross section of the package. Thus, a rectification can be carried out successfully up to the limit of load of the package, of absorption under pressure in pilot columns. Tests with high pressure columns with large diameters, this is with diameters greater than approximately 50cm. , have been shown with flaws. The reason for the failures is the presentation of instabilities. Since, at high pressure, the densities of both phases are the most different in a magnitude, that is, a power of 10, a greater impulse exchange occurs between the two fluid phases, which results in large cutting forces, between the two fluid streams. Due to a low surface tension of the fluid phase and due to the shearing forces, the gaseous and liquid streams can be disrupted in the form of droplets, a segregation takes place, that is, a lack of phase distribution , in which gases with a locally increased gas stream, as well as places with an increased local liquid current. This no longer produces a uniform liquid spray film and also does not rip current from the gas. As a result there is a massive worsening of the separating effect, as a measure to correct the instabilities in the pressure columns, the following can be proposed: the package is dismembered in parts that each time includes a succession of few package bodies. between the successive pack parts one after the other, a gas-liquid distributor is arranged, as described in European patent 0-462-043 (= P.6362).
Such a distributor of this type extends over the entire cross section of the column and includes a multiplicity of tubes (chimneys for the steam to continue to conduct the gas), as well as tubes to guide the liquid. This known measure, brings with it a very large apparative expense, also in comparison to the columns with undivided packages causes an increase in the height of the column. It is therefore the objective of the present invention to indicate the measures that are not related to the aforementioned disadvantages, this objective is achievable with the package defined in claim 1, thus coordinated packages are included that do not have any cross channel structure open The package for a counter-current high-pressure column with a coordinated arrangement of lamellae shaped and directed parallel to the axis of the column, has the following characteristics according to the present invention: the package comprises a bundle of cords extending on the axis From the column, each string consists of a stack of package elements, where different strings belong to neighboring elements, forming each time the package is cut perpendicular to the axis of the column, each package element is structured from deposits that are formed by lamellae In addition, the tanks are oriented in such a way that the intermediate spaces in the form of a notch between the lamellae are laterally limited by lamellae that are transverse to the elements of neighboring packages, which belong to the same package cut. The following claims to i, from 2 to 8, relate to special embodiments of the package according to the invention. Claims 9 to 11 refer to spacing columns with such packages. The columns with packages according to the invention are also applicable for chemical reactions. In particular, catalytic reactions can be carried out in such columns, where, for example, the surface of the pack is coated with catalytically active substances. The object of claims 12 to 14 is each time a use of the separating columns (rectification, absorption, chemical reactions). The invention will now be explained with reference to the drawings. When show. Figure 1 the main structure of the package according to the invention:
Figure 2 a string cut with five package elements; Figure 3 a cross section of the column; Figure 4 a helical arrangement of four package elements stacked on four strings; Figure 5 part of a longitudinal section through a package; Figure 6 part of a cross section through the package of Fig. 5; Figure 7 parts of two neighboring lamellae of a package with an open cross-channel structure; Figure 8 a cross-section through a bundle with cords to which a hexagonal screen is co-ordinate; Fig. 9a, b a schematic representation of the structure shown in Fig. 8 Fig. 10a, b variants of Figs. 9a, 9b; Figure 11 a cross section through another package; Figure 12 a longitudinal section through the internal structure of a separating column. Fig. 1 schematically shows a package according to the invention, which is formed of package elements 2, which are arranged in a bundle 30, of cords 3, 3. The package elements are simplified by being represented as parallelepipeds Each string 3, which extends along the dotted lines, properly the string edges 31, do so parallel to the axis 35 of the column, consisting of a stack of neighboring package elements 21, 22, 23. The neighboring package elements 21, 21 ', belonging to different strings 3, 3", each form a section of package 4, perpendicular to the axis of the column 35. The central line of the cord 3, has the reference figure 33. The cylinder 5 ', represents the internal surface of a column wall 5, not shown (see Fig. 3). The elements of package 2 are seen in Figure 2 made of layers 10, which are formed by lamellae 1. For simplicity, the lamellae are represented as a flat surface. Between the lamellae 1 there are intermediate spaces 100 in the form of a notch or channel, in which the fluids to be treated can flow. Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the stacking 3. The pack elements 21, ... 25 of the stacking 3 are arranged offset with respect to the center line of the rope 33 eccentrically The side edges 311, ... 315 of the package element 21, ... 25 are arranged alternately with respect to the cord edge 31. In the direction of the eccentric positioning, the lateral surfaces 11, 12, 13 of the package elements 21, 22, 23 are displaced each. the cause for the special arrangement of the elements of package 2 will be explained in relation to figures 5-7. the cross section of the column in Figure 3 shows the arrangement of the package elements of a package section 4, which by virtue of the changing orientation of the layers 10 has the shape of a chessboard; the layers 10 of a package element 21 are oriented in such a way that the intermediate spaces in the form of recesses 100 are limited by lamellae 1 lying transversely of the package elements 21 'laterally. Thanks to this lateral limitation, the gas flow is limited each time to the individual strings 3,3 '. A current through the column due to instabilities can be avoided by means of gas ropes. With advantage, the cross section of the column is divided by means of the strings 3, 3 'in fields, which have at least approximately the same surface content between them. In this case it reaches a minimum the necessary number of strings. The package elements 7 in FIGS. 1-4 generally have a parallelepiped shape, where the package elements 29 have a recess at the edge of the column 5 'which adapts to the rounding of the cross section of the column. Especially the elements of the package have 2 quadrangular basic surfaces, but these can also be rectangular. Package elements can also be constructed in prismic form, with a paítalelógrame as a base surface. Figure 4 shows a plan view on the elements of package 2 with alternating arrangement, a has already been described with reference to figure 2. The lateral edge 311 is on the circle 310, whose central point is on the edge of the rope 31. The corresponding lateral edges of the pack elements 22, ... 24 are located on the circular cylinder, which is generated by the circle 310 and the chord edge 31 as the axis. Correspondingly it is the same for the central point 211 of the package element 21 and the central points of the package elements 22, ... 4, which are eccentric with respect to the central line of the cord 33.
The encounter of the places of collision between the package elements presents a known problem: the film is inclined by reason of the structuring of the lamellae partially against the lateral edges of the lamellae. There are potholes of liquid running around the edge. This appearance obviously has a negative influence on the degree of separation effect. From the European patent EP-A 0 614 695 i-P. 6558 i measures are known, with which it is allowed to prevent the appearance of fluid running through the edge, but these measures are quite complicated, therefore in the present invention a simple media is proposed; it is the eccentric arrangement of the package elements, which has already been described. Figure 5 illustrates this measurement by means of a longitudinal cut through the package with an open crossing channel structure. Figure 6 shows a cross section of the package according to the cut line VI-VI in Figure 5. While in Figure 5 the channel structure is indicated, in Figure 6 only layers 10 are given to make it more intuitive the open cross channel structure, figure 7 is added. There are parts of two neighboring lamellae 1 and 1 ', which are folded in the form of ig-zag. At the crossing points 120 of the fold edges 110 and 110"the lamellae 1 and 1 'are in contact with each other.The edge 130 of the lamellae is in a position, where it forms a liquid bump that runs along the edge, by the eccentric arrangement of the elements of package 2 are produced in its edges overlapping zones 212-see figure 5. The liquid running along the edges of the package element 21, which flows at the edge 130 of the lamella 1, is taken or received by the lamella 1"'of the package element 22"" that is left underneath, dividing it again, in this way the The problem of the liquid running along the edge in the crash positions between the packing elements 2 of a package cross section 4. Figure 8 shows another embodiment of the pouch according to the invention: the base surfaces between the cords 3 cut the planes of transversal cut of the column in lines, that form a network, whose knotting points remain on a hexagonal plant. The geometric structure, which is produced by the packet elements 2 of the packet cross section 4, is represented again in Figure 9a, schematically. The line pieces 200 give the orientation of the layers 10. Fig. 9b shows the corresponding representation of a package cross section, which is adjacent to the cutout 4. The orientations 200 in Fig. 9b form an image inverse to the orientations 200. in figure 9a. Figures 10a and 10b show a structural variant with respect to those of the figures 9a or 9b. In. The example d - ali dci ?? i? e i5. ÜigUí ?. ii p? PfSc.ftt, & i «« -iemen-fcaa of package 2 a suiprficie aae rßetangulaf. * n which one side, here the longest, points in the direction of layer 10. All? elements of aq ete 2 are equal. Between the elements 2 there are recesses, which can be filled with the filling bodies 35. A cut adjacent to the package section 4 is likewise formed. By means of a displacement of the array around the interval given by the arrow P, the arrangement of the neighboring section is obtained. A cause for the instabilities of the fluid stream can also be *, that the vapor in the lower regions of the separation column has a higher temperature and with this a lower density than in the upper regions. If an equal temperature does not apply to all the package strings, then impulse forces with a higher average temperature value will act on the gas columns or lead to a strengthening of the inequalities. This appearance can be avoided, when an appropriate fluid distributor is arranged to regulate the liquid phase, in the individual ropes. This will be better explained when referring to Figure 12: the 3 'cords, 3 '' are hit with liquid, by means of the liquid distributors 61 and 62, which belong to a larger distribution facility 6. The amounts of liquid are proportional in a basic adjustment to the cross sections of the corresponding ropes. By means of sensors 81 and 82 above the strings 3 'and 3"' they are recorded by means of a logical switching 8, for example the temperature differences in the steam current. quantities of liquid by means of the valves 71,72, which are to be fed to the distributors 61, 62. A reinforced vapor current in a 3", 3" 'cord will be the consequence of an increase in the temperature in the coordinated sensor A correction of the steam current can be achieved by a strong cooling by means of the increase of the liquid supply.