MXPA96003014A - A method for making a mixed laminar unit and a printed circuit card substrate asi - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a mixed laminar unit comprising the steps of providing unidirectionally oriented parallel fibers (UD filaments) with a resin matrix to form a mixed UD layer and laminating a plurality of UD layers to form a laminar unit transverse bend UD, in the method of the invention, the UD filaments are impregnated with a molten product of a resin that in the uncured form solidifies below a certain temperature (Tm), therefore the resin containing filaments UD is cooled to a temperature below Tm to produce said mixed UD layer, the mixed UD layer produced is irreversibly cured before or after lamination, the latent curing resins are suitable, the impregnation is preferably conducted by coating a band of processing with solid resin, placing the UD filaments on the resin, and heating the resin to form the molten product of sina, the heating of the resin is preferably conducted by means of irradiation

Description

JN METHOD TO MAKE A MIXED LAMINAR UNIT AND A PRINTED CIRCUIT TARJET SUBSTRATE AS FACT The invention is in the field of printed circuit card laminar units and belongs to a method of making such a laminar unit which co-operates the steps of providing unidirectionally oriented parallel fibers (UD filaments) with a matrix material to form a laminar unit UD mixed and laminar a plurality of layers UD to form a laminar unit of transverse folding UD. The invention also belongs to the rolling unit UO of folded trapsve «? Salt PWB. The term transverse folding laminar unit UD is used to indicate composite laminar units of the conairid type with a plurality of ca.p.sub.i. < ~ of unidirectionally oriented parallel fibers (UD filaments) contained in a resin matrix, the UD filaments being placed in , different layers of transverse direction directions, said layers being symmetrically placed face to face in a plane of symmetry through the center of the laminar unit which is located parallel to its outer surfaces. The UD cross-folding laminar units have tx if there are any advantages such as improved surface quality, a comparatively low linear thermal expansion coefficient (TCE) in the x and y directions, the option to incorporate a high fiber content and favorable dimensional stability . In these aspects, the UD transverse folding laminar units are pre-existing and appropriate as a substrate of PWB. The PWB transverse folding UD laminar units are known from, among others, US 5,037,691 (Medney). The described PWBs are manufactured using filaments of. winding from a square flat material in several layers crossing at an angle of 90 °, the filaments being provided with curable matrix material by means of rejection and / or impregnation. The matrix, which consequently has layers applied transversely of the UD filaments, is then cured. Other methods of manufacture according to the preceding paragraph have been described in US 4, "314, 945 (Leibo itz), EP 47, 05, and WO 92/22191. The description of Leibo itz e refers to a PWB laminar unit. It comprises a matrix resin reinforced with parallel aramid fibers.The laminar unit is formed from unidirectional aramid band layers applied on the sunder side of the other in transverse fox.The aramid band is formed by placing a layer of parallel aramid fibers to form fiber strips, by coating the fiber strips with resin, and heating them to a sealed stage or "B." EP 476 051 describes the continued manufacture of a flat substrate from a fiber matrix. reinforced, the method of which comprises the use of at least two moving rabbits of refinement fibers extending rectilinearly parallel not joined in the form of a woven fabric (UD fibers), which provide said UD fibers which are placed in at least two transverse directions, with matrix material, and which pass through a rolling zone, for example a double-band press, to focuse a cross-folding laminar unit- In WQ 92 / 22191 sa describes a manufacturing method of a PWB laminar unit that involves the steps of making non-flowable UD layers, coating at least part of the non-flowable UD layers with an adhesive on one or both sides, transversely stacking the UD layers. such that there is little or no adhesive between each pair of UD layers having a different orientation direction, and attaching the stacked UD laminar units by activating the adhesive layers. A general problem in the manufacture of cross-folding PWB laminar units L «D has to do with the step of providing the UD filaments with the matrix resin. In order to obtain the full benefit from the advantages of the UO transversal folding laminar units, the LID filaments should be properly distributed over this UD layer. Problems may arise if the portions of the filaments are not replenished with matrix resin or if the large resin areas are devoid of reinforcement. These problems include the occurrence of sinking marks (ie, highly undesirable surface stresses due to differences in the thermal expansion of Jarninar portions and units having different fractions of fiber volume) and, in the house of PWBs elaborated by ele t additive codepositions, the occurrence of short circuits due to the holes have been electrodeposited. This requires an improved impregnation technique. Another problem that occurs particularly in the manufacture of UD transverse folding laminar units is that of the desorption of the LID filaments. In order to obtain a laminar unit that has sufficient equality, which is a property of particular importance for a laminar PWB unit, the proper orientation must be retained. The UD orientation is particularly at risk when the resin is flowable within the rolling conditions. By, in that the flow that occurs during the rolling, the tension, and therefore the orientation of the LID layers, can not be rolled, properly e. For conventional and other reasons, it is generally desired that the transverse folding units UD can be made in a rapid process. At the same time, such a process must be slow enough to allow adequate impregnation to occur, and the resin must be sufficiently cured to have the lamination under non-flowing conditions. For this purpose it is known to use fast-curing resins that exhibit good fluid characteristics prior to curing. These are usually highly reactive, low viscosity resins. While the use of these resins may give a faster process than conventional resins, the high reactivity, and the consequent short storage life, can easily lead to healing in undesired stages in the process. For example, healing will occur in the application unit where the resin is held before its application on the processing band, or there is a danger that the cure has proceeded long before the application, which is a disadvantage since the strongest adhesive bonds between two UD layers are formed during lamination when at least one of the layers has not been fully consolidated. As a prior art in the area of resin, it does not refer to the manufacture of the printed circuit card laminar units. on the basis of UD filaments, mention may be made, among others, of EP 530 450. This description belongs to the continuous production of materials impregnated with resin by means of a double-band press. The resin is applied either by means of an extruder or, in the case of solid flakes, by means of a spray-?. In addition, the prior art is 3P 63/11703, which belongs to a thermal resin composition for printed circuit board laminate units, which provides pre-impregnated non-tacky products by virtue of its melting point being above the room temperature. The present invention aims to avoid the above problems and consists in that in a process of the above-mentioned known method the UD filaments are impregnated or a resin that solidifies below a certain temperature (Tm), the mpregnancy being conducted to a temperature poc above Tm, wherein the resin containing filaments UD is cooled to a temperature below Tm to produce said mixed UD layer, the mixed UD layer produced being c-irada and revealsible before, during, or after the lamination, whose lamination is conducted under conditions of? flow to global. The foregoing signifies that the lamination is conducted under such conditions that any flow that occurs is not such that it leads to the displacement of the filaments and the resin in the x-y plane. Such a "gJobal" or "macro" flow would lead to the undesirable disorientation of the LJD filaments. It should be noted that the "micro" flow is, the Jocal light flux of the resin on the surface of the UO layers, in the y-z or x-z plane, will generally occur, and is desired to obtain good adhesion during lamination. It should be observed, co «? the mixed UD layer produced which is cured and irreversible, the process of the invention differs from the process employing thermoplastic resins in that the latter has the disadvantage that the heating can lead to the flow, so that the measurements have been taken added in order to avoid disorientation of the UD filaments. If the irreversible cure of the mixed UD layers produced is not carried out until the rolling stage, care must be taken that the rolling temperature does not rise above the "softening point" (Ts) of the resin in order to retain the conditions of non-global flows. In the uncured state, Ts is identical with Tm. When curing proceeds, the unrelated entanglement of molecular chains, which proceeded through the gelation step, will lead to a gradual increase in Ts. This means that in the case of curing during rolling, the rolling can be carried out by gradually increasing the temperature, with the gradual increase in temperature being kept constantly below Ts, ie 5-10K, in such a way that the The tip of gelling is not dangerous. Above the point of gelation, when an irreversible healing step has in fact been obtained, the - Additional curing can be conducted at any temperature below the degradation temperature of the resin. The same type of temperature can be used if the cure is conducted after the rolling. It is preferred that Tm be approximately at room temperature (room temperature). The favorable resins which are solid at room temperature and which cure at a temperature above the impregnation temperature, although below the softening point, are the resins of & latent healing. These are known in the art, and usually contain high molecular weight and / or rigid polymer chains and a latent curing agent that can be activated at the desired stage, for example by heating. In the latter case, activation will generally be at a temperature above Ts. In order to avoid warming by e > T cima of Ts that leads to the disorientation of the UD filaments, the activation of a hardening and curing will be carried out in a separate stage, after rolling. The lamination, which is critical with respect to the retention of the proper orientation, is executed at a temperature below Ts. The lamination requirement under non-global conditions can also be met without special care for the type of resins selected, as long as the lamination proceeds as it was properly selected. Therefore, if the lamination is conducted in an autoclave under isobaric conditions, or in a vacuum bag, the overall flow will not occur. It is preferred that in the imaging step the heating of the uncured solid resin is conducted through non-contact heating means, particularly by IR irradiation. This allows for faster heating and cooling steps compared to the conventional method of heating the surface on which the resin is applied (the process strip), since only the resin and the volume of the fiber that needs to absorb and release heat ,. -spectively. Therefore, the rapid heating of the resin means that the impregnation of the UD filaments can be carried out in a relatively processing stage? letters (ie, less than one second), while the impregnated filaments UD will be allowed to cool rapidly to below the Tm of the resin thereby forming a mixed UD layer. In addition, this heating method leads to a lower energy consumption in the process. The preferred way of carrying out the lamination, particularly in conjunction with the previous non-contact heating method, involves applying on a "surface? (for example the processing band or copper foil) a solid resin layer. This application of the solid resin layer can be effected by applying the resin at a temperature below Tm (in the form of, for example, powder or flakes), or to apply it as a molten product (for example by extrusion coating). and then , cooling it to below Tm. After the solid resin layer has been applied of this modulation, the UD filaments are placed on it, and the resin is heated above Tm to form a resin melt, which impregnates the filaments UD. . Apart from being a rapid and convenient impregnation method, this method has the advantage that there is a thin film of solid resin between the process strip and the UD filaments. Since the resulting PWBs will not have any direct contact between the .1.0 - • tubcuito (robre) and the filaments avoid the elec tion. In addition, the thin film of solid resin serves to overcome the problem of the portions of filaments adhered to the process strip, (a typical procedure that is incurred when forming UD compounds, since unlike woven fabrics, in the that the plot and the figures of the plot in the warp are held together in their Play, the individual filaments are not kept together). A further advantageous practice of the method of the present invention is that the processing speed is independent of the reactivity of the resin. The processing speed is obtained by faster curing but is determined by the speed of impregnation, particularly by the rate of cooling of the resin containing the filaments. As a rule, it is easier to control the heating and cooling rates than the speed of a chemical reaction such as a curing reaction. In the following, an explanation is given of the process in which the above method of forming mixed UD layers and cross-sectional laminar units UD is preferably employed, as a method of manufacturing a composite laminar unit, in the that the UD filaments are provided with an unconsolidated matrix material and are passed through a lamination zone in layers of at least two different orientation directions, and the matrix material is consolidated, with the UD filaments provided with a still unconsolidated matrix material which is passed through the laminar unit zone together with a UD compound without preformed flow. In accordance with the present invention, the preform-free compound is made using a method as described above. Preferably, J s filaments LID ein preformed flux. In accordance CID? In the present invention, the compound without preflowed flow is prepared using a method as described above. Preferably, the filaments UD are provided with the matrix resin by means of the impregnation technique described above. The term "unconsolidated matrix material" refers to the aforementioned resin at the impregnation temperature above that of T. The direction of orientation of the reinforcing fibers in the composite UD without preformed flow is different from the direction of orientation of the fibers provided with matrix material with which they are laminated. In order to obtain a reinforced laminar unit UD having the desired orthopedic properties, it is preferred to have the directions of mutually oriented orientation perpendicular to one another. With a view to the implementation, it prefers the direction of orientation of the figures that are provided with matrix material that is equal to the machine direction during the laminar unit procedure. As has been known for a long time, the UD transverse bending laminar units are preferably balanced and, therefore, non-uniform. The term "balanced" indicates equal properties in perpendicular directions (for example, an equal number of filaments in the x and y directions), the term "symmetric" indicates mirror image of the symmetry through the unit thickness of the ißar, ie the The laminar unit is symmetrical in the average plane. In order to produce such a balanced and symmetrical laminar unit the method of the invention can be advantageously carried out symmetrically, ie, feeding as; UD fibers provided with the matrix material not yet drawn out that both sides of the casing are placed without flow, the term "sides" indicating the outer surfaces; of composite UD without flow (which is generally in the form of a thin flat panel). The particular preference will be to the laminar unit which is thus composed so that the reinforced layers UD are oriented as specified in one of the following models, with 0 ° and 90 ° remaining for the orientation directions - ortcigoñales and the relative thickness of the layers being indicated by the repetition of the given orientation when necessary: 00/900900/0 ° 0 ,, / 900900/00 In general, for use in PWBs the reinforced fibers UD in the unit Laminate according to the invention will each have a thickness in the range of 6 to &0m, preferably of about .12.5 to 400 μm.

In addition, the method according to the invention can be repeated a number of times. In that case, instead of using the LLD compound without flow, use is made in the subsequent rolling steps of a material without flow, usually a transverse fold laminar unit, such as that manufactured in the manner indicated above in FIG. I presented. In the method according to the invention, the cross-sectional bending unit without f or must be passed through the lamination zone in a direction which will exhibit a symmetrical laminar unit in the middle and balanced plane. It is also possible to employ a metal layer, for example a thin copper foil of approximately 1S ~ 210 μm, as the material without flow passing through the laminar unit zone. This results in a PWB laminar unit having an inner layer of metal that can serve as a powder or grinding plane, or as a casing. In general, it is advisable to cure the composite laminar unit manufactured by the process according to the invention after the final laminar unit stage, in order to ensure total conversion in all the layers. The post-cure is preferably conducted under isobaric conditions or at a curing temperature that remains constantly below Ts. A main advantage of the manufacture of a composite panel without flux reinforced with UD fibers in a first stage is that it is not necessary to keep the UD fibers under compression through the complete manufacturing process, since the matrix material without flow tires is the required training. Compared with the prior art, the method according to the invention provides easier and superior preservation of the orientation that is vital for the manufacture of flat UD fiber reinforced composites. In accordance with the invention, the use of a double band press is preferred to obtain the compound UD. The resin is coated on the processing web, and heated, preferably using non-contact heating means to form a resin melt. L s; UD filaments are located on the resin, possibly after the resin melt has been formed, but preferably before the heating step. This impregnation step can be followed by a laminating step, in which two layers of UD filaments impregnated with the resin (supplied by each of the two processing bands of the double-band press) are bonded together. a portion of a machine that can be defined as a rolling area. Accordingly, the UD filaments provided with resin are guided to or from a cooling zone, which may simply consist of a sufficient length of the processing band to allow the resin to release? enough heat to reach a temperature below Tm. Particularly in the case of the heating step involving the non-contact heating means, the required length of the processing band can be very short (for example of approximately 3 meters having a working length of approximately 1 m. ). After the cooling carrot has passed, the filaments UD sa remain fixed in a resin without flow, ie the cs «-position UD without flow has been formed. If this is done, the procedure can be repeated to obtain a thicker UD compound, in case the compound ÜD prepared before is introduced into the band press and is a laminar unit with UD fiber containing "matrix material not yet csns> 3, so that the orientation of the UD fibers in the composite UD formed previously equal to the direction of the machine To form the final composite laminar unit one or more layers of the composite UD without flat flow The preformed material must be a laminar unit with the reinforced matrix material UD fiber such that the direction of orientation of the fibers in the already preformed composite UD is different from the direction of orientation of the figures provided with matrix material which are laminated with the It is preferable that the orientation directions are perpendicular to each other and, as indicated above, a balanced and symmetrical laminar unit is provided in the median plane. Depending on the number and order of the layers UD on the "unit of laminar unit, the plane of symmetry, which runs through the center of the laminar unit and is parallel to the outer surfaces of the laminar unit, is the limit between the layers UD or is an imaginary plane that ee-moves through a layer UD. A balanced and symmetrical laminar unit in the median plane provided with reinforced layers UD applied transversely is known as a laminar unit of transverse fairness UD. A major advantage of such a transverse bend laminar unit UD is the isomorphism of its properties in the UD directions (ie, the directions of fibers perpendicular to each other). To reduce the amount of any waste material formed in the bardes, it may be advantageous in a process according to the invention when an isobaric double-band press is used to have an optical polymer that will also deform low ca? isobáricßs Jude along the edges of the material that is passed through the double band press (for example, by extrusion). The thermoplastic polymer preferably has a thickness equal to that of the processed product. The positive effect of such a technique is that any flexing of the press bands that may occur at their edges (given a band of the thinner product that has to be cut) will be forced into the palm border material, reducing the Substantially the amount you need to cut the material that >; -ia in the band press. A further advantage is that it is possible to manufacture products of different widths in a simple double band press without creating more waste material at the edges than when the press is fixed only for a product width. Furthermore, in the process modalities according to the invention in which the copper sheet is transported, is it necessary to project several centimeters of the width of the sheet? copper, as is required in the co? In this way savings are obtained s > bstancia.les in the cost of materials. A disadvantage of conventional procedures, moreover, is that the matrix material that moves on the edges may be caught between the sheet of? copper and laminated bands. The adhesion of the matrix material to the copper and / or the bands that occur under such circumstances adversely affects the surface quality of the projected material in an affected laminate zone. It is therefore preferred, in accordance with the invention, to transport a poorly adhesive polymer along the edges. • As mentioned hereinabove, the method of compliance with the invention serves remarkably for the manufacture of substrates for PWBs. On such substrates a conductive material is applied, usually in the form of traces of copper. In general, the application of these traces can be by means of a subscriptive or additive method. When the first one was used, a layer of metal foil is applied on at least one of the outer surfaces of the PWB substrate. Next, using known techniques, the metal sheet is removed by etching in such a way as to produce the desired patterned trace. The sheets that are suitable for .16 use in the subtractive formation of the conductive traces remarkably consist of copper, nickel or gold. When the additive method is applied, the Jaminar unit is submerged in an electrolytic basin. As an aid to this technique, the laminar unit becomes catalytic for the reaction (re > -iax) in a bath at sites where there is a need for copper accumulation. In current practice, the coolant laminar unit becomes catalytic at least on the surface and in the holes that are going to cobrize, so much so that the sections q.-ie not s > - They are covered with, say, a photosensitive resin. The conductive material, or a catalytic layer, may be applied to the laminar units of the invention in any suitable manner, for example, by providing the laminating unit with glue and adhering a copper foil thereto. In this regard, the present invention also belongs? to the use of a mixed laminar unit made by any method of con fi rm with the above description to manufacture a printed circuit board. However, it is preferred to directly manufacture a laminar unit adapted to be used with a PWB, whose method according to the invention allows it to be used successfully. Therefore, the invention allows the manufacture of laminar units for both types of metallization, either by means of the calcination of copper foil in a lamination stage or by the addition of the matrix material of an additive that catalyzes the robrizado ein electronic deposition. In addition, a coating that is catalytic for copper plating without electrolytic deposition can be applied either online or offline. TaJee; reo-brimie "? tases modified generally with rubbers are known to people with experience in the art and are referred to in common manner as" additive adhesives ", although it is not a matter of a current adhesive either bed of an initiator of increased strength to the peeling. The method of compliance with the invention may involve off-line rolling to roll the adhesive coating, but also allows the advantageous application of such an initiator in line with the final rolling step. In modalities involving the use of a double-band press with neutralized steel bands, it is possible to provide the steel bands with copper, for example galvanic, which after lamination will be detached from the bands and adhered to the surface of the steel. laminar unit, which preferably has been subjected to a treatment of promotion adhesion. It may be useful to provide a real adhesive layer on the composite materials such as those to which the invention relates. One such approach refers to the manufacture of multiple layer PWBs (MLBs). The MLBs comprise at least three layers of conductive material (traces of copper). Generally, since the conductive layers are on the outer surfaces of the MLB, at least one conductive layer is consequently preeminently in an internal plane. All circuit layers in a MLB need to be separated from each other by a dielectric (ie, a layer of electrical insulation). As MLBs; conventional such a dielectric is a pre-prefabricated product reinforced with woven fabric (glass-product represented by epaxi), the unit manufactured in accordance with the present invention. highly suitable for use with co or insulating panels that serve as dielectrics in MLBs. The manufacture of MLB, for which the composite materials according to the invention are pre-existing and appropriate, may comprise the PWBs and any intermediate uncoated substrates which are bonded one on top of the other, for For this purpose, the adhesive thin layers can be applied either on the insulating panels, or on PWBS, or on your own. It is preferred that the adhesive is provided on the panels. Copper lining laminates, as well as laminates for additive additive, may also be provided by inline or off-line coating or lamination with a photosensitive (photoresist) layer such as that commonly used for the subtractable formation of a circuit pattern. When producing composite materials provided with an adhesive layer on the outer surface, an advantageous method of the method according to the invention consists in that the double-band press is fixed to? such that the fibers and the matrix material are in a horizontal plane during the stages preceding the rolling, this to avoid gravity exerting different influences on both sides of the product. A further advantage is that it is possible in such a fix to maintain the direction of the machine so that the above-mentioned optional coating of product as removed from the lamination zone has to be played vertically, with the machine direction equaling the gravitational direction. «? Al Alternatively, the product developed by the process according to the invention (cross-section mixed laminar unit UD) can be subjected to a surface treatment to improve adhesion. Such treatments, for example, corona treatment and plasma treatment at low pressure, are known. They are carried out downstream of the rolling area and before any coating is added. It may be advantageous to pretreat the bands in the lamination zone with a release agent. Release agents are known and found pripally in two forms, that is, those that transfer to the material, guided through the lamination zone and those that do not. The last ones are the preferred ones, although it can be used with advantage of the first ones if you follow <The bed surface treatment is described above, since any transfer release agent can be removed during such treatment. Alternatively, to prevent adhesion to the bands in the laminate zone a release sheet may be transported, or the resin matrix may be provided with an internal release agent. The invention further relates to a PWB substrate such that it can be obtained using the method described hereinabove. In the discussion in other words, is a mixed substrate of a mixed laminar unit that? If at least one layer has a surface adapted for the manufacture of PCB, which comprises the matrix material with unidirectionally oriented reinforcement material embedded therein, so that the reinforcement material UD is present in several layers in the direction of the direction of the material. transverse orientation and gray hair are placed symmetrically in front of a plane of symmetry that passes through the center of The laminar unit for its outer surfaces. The PWB substrates according to the invention are - characterized in that the matrix material is an irreversibly cured thermosetting resin of a type which in the uncured form is pure at room temperature and flowable when heated. The products manufactured by the process according to the invention have an advantage that the internal stresses within the product are lower and more evenly distributed than in the case of comparable products, such as those known from EP 47ß 51 and US 4,943,334. The known products were made using methods that require UD fibers of at least two directions of orientation to be maintained under tension. This gives rise to a higher stress level than in the process according to the invention which, each time, the tension in a single direction is set by curing the mat material to a degree such that will bring the flow again. Fs of importance have a lower internal stress in a laminar unit. Needless to say, it is a prerequisite that all this tension does not exceed the limit of Fuler's formation. However, it is also important for the internal tension that is too much; C to its limit, since additional stresses intro- duced in a conceivable manner in the course of further processing.1 of the laminates would cause the material to be unstable, in addition to the risk of deformation. An additional advantage of the pcoidictí-js in accordance with the invention is in the adequately homogeneous distribution of the internal tension and its relaxation. The latter is remarkable considering the fact that q > The inner layers were able to relax before additional layers were added. Apart from the previously mentioned resin requirements, the materials used to carry out the present invention are especially critical. The matrix material is a thermosetting polymer, with preference given to epoxy resins. It is advantageous to incorporate compounds in the matrix material that will render it resistant to fRore, such composite ores that contain phosphorus or halogen (particularly bromine). An example of an appropriate epoxy resin is a conformed one of 36.5 parts by weight of epoxidized tetrabromasperienal-.A, 33.5 parts by weight of epoxy repolar (epicut.e 164), 30.5 parts by weight of a bisfe «; a solid epaxide a bis, and a hardener three parts by weight of MDA (met lendiani 1 na) in conjunction with 0.5 parts by weight of BF3 complex (moiiset i lamin). In the uncured form, this resin • has a Tg = T = Ts of approximately 35 to 45 ° C. For Jo so, as; fibers can be impregnated with this resin at a temperature of about 50 ° C and preferably several tenths of a? degrees above for a faster impregnation, ie 100 ° C and a mixed non-flammable UD can be produced by cooling to room temperature. The cure can be initiated by activating the hardener, which is made by heating to a temperature of about 170 ° C under non-global flowing conditions (in an autoclave, isabáricamente). With regard to the addition of the compounds that cause the flame retardation, the bromine rings, it is further observed that in view of their deteriorating effect on the environment, such compounds must be used in minimum quantities. The process according to the invention is advantageous in this respect since it allows the different layers in the laminar unit to be placed together in such a way, that only the outer layers are substantially flame-resistant, which is enough to prevent the laminar unit from turning on. Such a step can be taken in the case of multi-layer PWBs. To fillers of matrix material you can add in the conventional wayFor example, quartz powder and vitreous powder such as borosilicate glass or hollow spheres made from polymer, glass, or thermoset. In addition, the matrix can become catalytic for capping without electronic deposition, for example metal alloy or noble metal compounds, mainly palladium. While the preferred reinforcing material consists of filament yarns (unrotated filaments), non-continuous fibers may also be used. According to the invention, the reinforcing threads are preferably selected from the following group of materials: glass, for example glass-E, glass-A, glass-D, glass-AR, -glass-R, vicirio-31 and vicirio-S2, as well as different materials; ceramic, such as alumina and silicon carbide. They are also suitable for the use of polymer based fibers, more particularly the so-called liquid crystalline polymers, such bed for feni lenterftalamide, • (PPDT), polybenzobisoxazal (PBO), polybenzobisthiazole (PBT), and pol ibenzoi idazole (PBl), as the figures based on poly ielenaphthalate (PEN), polyethylene terephthalate (PETP), and polyphenyl sulfide (PPS). In general, the fiber content in the matrix is about -10-90 vol. & ', preferably on the cie scale approximately 40 to 70 val-. A fraction of fiber volume is about 50 vol. In addition, the method according to the invention allows the manufacture of a PWBs with a thin core rape in a non-expensive way. It is customary to make use of substrate reinforced with thin woven fabrics for this purpose. For example, a substrate laughs thin core what? It has a thickened lOOμ.n is commonly made from a resin reinforced with two layers of glass cloth "Style 106" that has a rough surface laugh 47.46 gr / m53. These thin woven fabrics are made of textile glass yarn 5.5. tex, which usually costs 10 times as much as a yarn 136 text. In accordance with the invention it is possible to use a 136 tex course comparatively ososo to obtain a thin core laminar unit. Should? It should be noted that fiber-reinforced PWB substrates can be distinguished in this respect by their thickness factors (factor T), where T def starts with the ratio of thickening of the substrate in ju to the average thread density (in tex). The invention provides laminates having a T- factor of less than 5.5. This advantage is associated with the process described heretofore, since the use of a mixed UD without preformed flow makes it possible to retain a high distribution tier, for example, or is achieved with the aid of a convex feeding zone. , as a result laughs at least • ^ a partial consolidation. The invention also relates to multiple layer PBWs (MLBs). In particular, the composite laminates according to the invention are very suitable for use in the bed process specified in the previously unpublished international patent application PCT / EP 92 / 01J33 (publication number WO 92/22192) which is ca "? sid" - incorporated herein by reference. In accordance with this procedure, a hard base substrate provided with traces on both sides is a laminar unit with an intermediate substrate, so that the intermediate substrate is mixed. a hard core layer with a layer of plastically deformable adhesive on at least the side facing the conductive traces of the base substrate, and such a pressure is exerted on the laminates that said hard core layer of the intermediate substrate will put in contact or visually in contact with the conductive traces of the base substrate and fill the gap between these traces with the adhesive material that joins the base substrate and the intermediate substrate together. The composite materials according to the invention are highly suitable for use in the substrate baie as well as the intermediate substrate. Therefore, the invention also belongs to the use of a mixed laminar unit elaborated by means of a "-? in accordance with the above description for manufacturing an insulation panel coated with adhesive. Of course, the layer laughs flexible adhesive, filler 26 - '•' ie hollows can be applied over the current laminates whenever desired. However, the method has been described so far in the present, by means of which an adhesive rapa can be provided? Advantageously over a mixed laminar unit, it is pre-eminently suitable for use in the manufacture of intermediate substrates provided with the hollow-fill filler adhesive. Preference is given to the base substrate provided with traces that is a PWB that was also made by the. can for i procedure with the invention. A large number of polymers is suitable for use with a trace filler adhesive, more particularly thermosetting, such as epoxy resin (EP), polyurethane (PU), vipilic ester (VE), polyimide (Pl), biemaleimide (BMI), bistricanoi ida (BCI), cyanate esters, triazines, ac i lates and more of them. A wide range of additives can be added to the adhesive prior to its application, for example catalysts, inhibitors, foaming agents, surfactants, surface-active agents and specifically fillers. Talee fillers ee? preferably select from the group of materials: quartz powder, glass powder, ceramic powder such powder bed laughs alumina. Preferably, the fillers that are used must have a low thermal expansion coefficient and a low dielectric constant. Favorable results; They can be obtained using hollow sphere filler bed whose spheres can be made of polymeric material or ceramic or glass. Polymeric powders expandibl.es in particular are - «suitable for use as a filler. In distinction to woven fabric-reinforced laminates, composite laminates made using the process according to the invention are also suitable for use in an inflexible panel or laminar unit and in rigid rigid-laminar unit. The woven fabrics when used in a. The flexible panel undergoes the cracking at the joints of the de-weft and warp fibers, due to the fact that those fibers oriented in the direction of flexion are woven with the fibers perpendicular to the direction of flexion, this adverse effect being increased by the high concentration of fiber e > ? those junctions, which leads to cracking in a relatively bending extent letter. Such cracking causes a high concentration of tension in the conductive traces present on the flexible laminar unit, and consequently a high risk of cracking, which leads to the breaking of the circuit. In a flexible laminar unit (or in the flexible portion of a rigid rigid-laminar unit) the orientation of the outer UD layers preferably parallel to the direction of flexion would be felt. The invention is excellently suited for use by the manufacturer of the flexible laminar unit, since it readily allows fibers containing unconsolidated matrix material to be oriented in the direction of flexure. desired (in other words: do you prefer? - When the outer layers of fibers are applied, the direction of production is the same as the desired direction of bending). In addition, the mixed laminar units manufactured using the process -: -. In accordance with the invention, they are pre-eminently suitable for use as equipment for devices with several integrated circuits provided therein (multi-micro-processor modules) this is notorious due to the TCEs , favorable, which are p incipalmente the result of the fraction of volume of upper fiber that can be obtained when using laminar units of transversal fold, and that can be closer to the TCFs laugh the electronic components (icroc i rcuitos) used in conjunction with PWBs, plus part icularme «vte MLBs, which is the case with laminar units reinforced with woven cloth. Such components can be provided s > on the part? of a MLB (icrocircuita sobre tacjí-íta) or be provided in an embedded manner in such a subetrato or an intermediate substrate in accordance with WO 92/01133 (microcircuit in card). In addition, the process according to the invention, and the mixed laminar units manufactured using it, can be used in the so-called mass lamination (master). This procedure comprises? generally a layer provided on both sides with electrical conductive traces which are laminated with pre-dressed products and copper foil on the sides provided with traces. In accordance with the invention, it can advantageously use, in continuous or non-continuous operation, the masslam process in which a layer provided with traces; electric conductors on both sides passing through the rolled carrot instead of, or in combination with, the mixed without preformed flow, and provided on each side with a rapa of matrix material containing fibers You, especially when you use a double band press. In a stage of? Subsequent lamination, the PWB provided with such manufactured UD layers may be laminated again with UD layers, this time of opposite orientation, as described essentially in the foregoing. In PWBs d "multiple layers that are combined with integrated circuits can cieee? ree to incorporate capacitors. Namely, the integrated circuits, which constantly turn on and off, require deviation capacitors between their ignition and ground points in order to «-? red >the noise - laugh switching. Fuses capacitors laugh deviation have values; typical of 10 to 100 pF and are commonly placed on the icrocircuits. The incorporation within the PWB has the advantages that the cost reduction by virtue of the elimination of all the components of the button lada, improved performance under which avoids the inductance in the light emitting diodes of the capacitor and less interference electromagnetic In order to obtain a high capacitance, say 1 nF / insa using a 4-inil dielectric to thicken, a dielectric constant of 20 or higher is required. In order to obtain such a dielectric constant, the particles of compounds having a high capacitance, such as BaTi03, can be incorporated in the matrix resin, or the adhesive layer, of the MLBs according to the invention. It should be noted that it is desired for such particles, which are added at a high volume percentage (eg, 50%), that they need to form a permanent medium. While this is not possible in the reinforced fabric laminates, e < ? laminates reinforced with IID filaments. The invention will now be explained with reference to the example. The example is an explanation and not limiting.

E3EKPL0 A laminar unit UD of transverse bend PWB is prepared using the equipment described in the schematic drawing. The figure shows the cross section parallel to the machine direction of the device with which the. The process according to the invention can be carried out. A description of the described method of use of the method together with the component parts of the device are given below. The operation is conducted symmetrically, in a double colored band press vertically. S¡ = - elaborates a resin formulation by feeding 36.5 parts by weight of tet r bromobisphenol-A epoxy 1 ized, 33.5 parts by weight of csal-navulaca-aeaxi and 30.5 parts by weight of bisepóxido of bisphenol-A solid, and mixing and heating up to 120 ° C to obtain a homogeneous mixture. After 0.5 parts by weight, one mL of MEA BF (monalet and sheet) is mixed with the heated homogenous mass and subsequently 36.0 parts by weight of DDS (dia inodi feni isulfone) are added. The resin mixture has a Tm (Tg) approximately 35-40 ° C. Above 70 ° C it is clearly fluid. By means of a reversing unit 6 a film 7 of the heated resin nozzle 7 is coated on a process strip 6 of a wearable band press. The resin solidifies on said band. The winding packs 2 are of two spools 1, preferably by rolling, and thus forming a unidirectional bed "such as filament groups 3, which become unidirectional filament bed hom« ogé «teo 5 with the help of thread distributor 4. The filament bed 1D is then placed over the solidified resin coating 7. The processing band provided with solidified resin coating 7 and the filament bed UD 5 is then displaced through an IR furnace 11. The resin and the UD filaments are heated to approximately 150 ° C as a result of the IR irradiation, so that rapid impregnation of the UD filaments with the resin occurs. In this process, the scale is indirectly heated, while the resin and the filaments are irradiated, the band is heated substantially. After approximately 5 seconds, the filament bed UD is thoroughly impregnated. The two layers of UD filament impregnated, with heated matrix thus formed. 12 are joined and passed through; of the laminar unit area 13, on the day of contact placed in close contact and merge together to form a single layer. Keeping them stressed (in the conventional way) J s; filaments You lose your unidirectional parallel orientation. In the laminar unit area 13 the hot laminar unit product is cooled directly to room temperature and, consequently, the resin solidifies. The composite 1D without flow thus formed leaves the double-sided press co or a band virtually continuous 15. This band is - cut 16 and stored for example, in a box or on a pallet) 17. The same actions as described above are carried out, until the introduction of the UD fibers impregnated in the lamination zone 13, except that the resin Is not it applied directly on the band? processing, but on a layer of copper sheet 9 unwound from an output platform 10. Deede a box 19 commue & to UD panels without --- luxury turned 90 ° face to face machine direction 20 s « guided through the laminar unit carr 13, so that the panels are provided side-by-side with pre-embossed LID fibers 12, the direction of orientation of the fibers UD in the panels 16 is perpendicular to the orientation of the impregnated UD fibers 12. In the parallel orientation of the; UD filaments in the UD compound without flux 20 is retained by virtue of the bed that only the UD rapes recently? Aggregates are heated, and the cooling takes place as soon as those UD layers join with the compound without flux. Fs say, the compounds without flow as a whole are not heated up to above the Tm of the resin (without non-global flow conditions). Therefore, a cross-sectional laminar unit without a copper lining is formed which has an approximate thickness of 270 μm. Co or a consequence of the selection of the resin, - the resulting transverse bending sheet unit is without flow by virtue of which the resin is solidified. The conversion gives the resin is between 0 and the tip of gelation. The complete conversion is obtained as follows. The laminar unit of the formed endless copper liner is cut and stacked to form a pile approximately 25 mm thick. This battery is placed inside a vacuum bag, with the flat steel plates on top and bottom. After the evacuation laughs, the temperature rises slowly ~ t > up to 200 ° C, at a speed of 1 ° C / min. After laughing keep at 200 ° C for 10 minutes, the battery is cooled to room temperature at a speed of 5 ° C / min. The heating leads to the resin becoming cured irreversibly (interlaced). Again global flux conditions are applied (as a result the two measurements are already in line with what would have been sufficient for their own, that is, slow heating for the constant temperature constant below Tm, which increases with the convection of increases), and the use of isabáricas conditions in the furnace.

Claims (7)

NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS

1. - A method for producing a mixed laminar unit comprising the caps providing oriented parallel fibers; unidirecciapalmente (filaments UD) with a resin matrix to form a mixed UD rapa and laminate a plurality of rapas; UD to form a transverse bend laminar unit UD, characterized in that the UD filaments are impregnated with a resin that solidifies below a certain temperature (Tm), the impregnation being conducted at a temperature above Tm, where the resin containing UD filaments is cooled to a temperature below Tm to produce said mixed UD layer, the mixed UD layer produced being irreversibly cured before, during, or after the rolling, whose rolling is conducted under non-global flow conditions.

2. An embody of compliance with claim 1, further characterized by the UD san filaments impregnated with a cured resin.

3. A method for producing a mixed laminar unit comprising the steps of providing unidirectionally oriented parallel fibers (UD filaments) with a resin matrix to form a composite UD layer and laminating a plurality of UD layers to form a laminar unit transversal fold 36"Tn- characterized in that the UD filaments are impregnated with a resin that solidifies below a certain temperature (Tm), the impregnation being conducted at a temperature above Tm, wherein the resin containing fi lm? it is cooled to a temperature below Tm to produce said composite rape l \ D, the resin being heated above Tm with non-contact heating means. 4 .- A method according to the rei v indi falls ion 3, also characterized because the source of IR radiation is used as a means of heating without contact. 5. A method for producing a mixed laminar unit comprising the steps of providing unidirectionally oriented parallel fibers (LID filaments) with a resin matrix to form a mixed UD layer and laminating a plurality of layers UD to form a Laminar unit of Dble .: transverse UD, characterized in that the UD filaments are impregnated with a resin which solidifies below a certain temperature (Tm), where the resin containing the UD filaments is cooled to a temperature below Tm for pro "; The mixed UD layer, the UD filaments being impregnated with the resin matrix by coating, laughs a processing band or metal sheet with solid resin, placing the UD filaments on the resin, and heating the resin to temperature by e « -? ci a de Tm. 6. A method according to any of the preceding claims, further characterized in that? - * - mplea the resin matrix laugh latent healing. 7. A method according to claim 5 or 6, further characterized in that the molten resin is formed by heating the resin with non-contact heating means. & - A method according to claim 6 or 7, further characterized in that the source of IR radiation is? It is used as the medium of calelen without contact. 9.- A method of manufacturing a composite laminar unit, characterized also because they are impregnated with unidirectionally orientated UDs with matrix material and are? they pass through a laminar unit carrot in layers of at least two different directions of orientation, and the matrix material is irreversibly cured, characterized in that the UD filaments impregnated with matrix material are passed through the lamination zone together with a compound ÜD without preformed flux, the matrix material being a resin that • solidifies below a certain temperature (Tm), the imprederation being carried out at a temperature above Tm, the UD compound without flow forming by means of the label, the resin containing UD filaments to a temperature below Tm, and The impregnated filaments with matrix material being passed through the zone laugh lamination under non-global flow conditions. 10.- A method in accordance with the claim 9, further characterized in that the first step of a non-flowing composite ID is formed by passing the UD filaments provided with unconsolidated matrix material through a double band press and cooling the matrix material to an ee .: A non-fluxed press, wherein in a second step a measured portion of the UD compound without preformed flux is introduced into the rigid band press and this composite is laminated with a matrix material containing UD filaments even in consolidated form. 11. A method according to claim 10, character and also because the web press along the outer surfaces of the UD compound without flow is introduced into the matrix material. unconsolidated provided with UD filaments that have a direction of direction that is approximate and perpendicular to the direction and orientation in compound UD. 12. A method according to any of the preceding claims, further characterized in that the printed connection card is made useful by the - less an outer surface of the composite laminar unit for the application of traces of electrical conductive material. 13.- A "meter" in accordance with the claim 12, further characterized in that a sheet of a metal suitable for the subtractive formation of conductive traces is laminated on the outer sides of the matrix material containing UD filaments passed through the lamination carrot. 1

4. A method according to claim 3, bristling face further because after passing through the laminating zone the mixed laminar unit is coated on the outer layers with a base coating to promote the adhesion of the ls. deposit traces deposited without electronic deposition 1

5. A meter in accordance with any of claims 1-11, further characterized in that the composite laminate unit becomes suitable for the manufacture of multilayer PCBs having their coated outer sides 16.- A method according to any of the preceding claims, further characterized in that the curing is carried out during or after the rolling, the healing leading to an increased softening point (Ts) laughs the resin, the healing being conducted by the application of a tempe gradually graduated inc emen ad; * which is con- stantly maintained at 5-10 approximately below Ts; as long as the gel point is not reached. 17. A substrate for a printed circuit (a PWB) comprising a mixed laminar unit which at least one outer surface is suitable for the deposition of traces of conductive material, the mixed laminar unit yielding reinforced matrix material with filaments oriented or idireccian lmente so that the reinforcing filaments UD are present in different layers of the; - ** "directions of transverse orientation, said layers being symmetrically placed face to face with a plane of symmetry through the center laminar unit moving parallel to its outer surfaces, character i zad« or because the material of The matrix is an irreversibly curable thermosetting resin of a type which in the uncured form is solid at room temperature and flowable when heated.-A printed circuit board according to claim 17, further characterized in that the resin ca « A high molecular weight polymer and a latent curing agent 19. A printed circuit board according to claim 17, further characterized in that the resin comprises a rigid polymer and a curing agent. latent 20.- A multiple layer printed circuit board comprising at least t is layers of conductive material and at least two layers of insulating material, character and also lifted because the laminates laugh transverse fold fabricated; using a confidence procedure with any of claims 12-15 was used as an insulating material. 21. A printed circuit board of multiple layer in accordance with the rei ind ica ion 20, also characterized by the fact that the insulating material comprises an increase in dielectric constant. 22. A multi-layer printed circuit board * "according to claim 21, further characterized in that the BaTi03 particles are contained in the resin matrix and the printed circuit boards 23.- A printed circuit board. Multiple layer according to claim 20, further characterized in that it comprises dielectric rails coated with an adhesive strip that can still be set for fluid, further characterized in that the BaTi0 particles are included in the adhesive layer.