MXPA96002104A - Method to produce a coating based on tib2 and the article covered asi produc - Google Patents
Method to produce a coating based on tib2 and the article covered asi producInfo
- Publication number
- MXPA96002104A MXPA96002104A MXPA/A/1996/002104A MX9602104A MXPA96002104A MX PA96002104 A MXPA96002104 A MX PA96002104A MX 9602104 A MX9602104 A MX 9602104A MX PA96002104 A MXPA96002104 A MX PA96002104A
- Authority
- MX
- Mexico
- Prior art keywords
- tib2
- coating
- powders
- substrate
- alloys
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052803 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003628 erosive Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000005058 Madhuca longifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000004212 Madhuca longifolia Species 0.000 description 3
- 210000002381 Plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910010055 TiB Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N AI2O3 Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000003284 Horns Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005296 abrasive Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009837 dry grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000320 mechanical mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N precursor Substances N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002889 sympathetic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
A coating of TiB2-M, which consists of hard-phase particles of TiB2 greater than 50% by volume, in a matrix (M) of metal or metal alloy, which is produced by a thermal spray process using TiB2 powders -M concreted. TiB2-M powders were manufactured by concreting TiB2 powders and elemental metals or metal alloys, which were selected to form a desired matrix for Ti particles.
Description
METHOD TO PRODUCE A COATING BASED ON TiB, AND
The invention relates to a method for producing a coating based on T? B2 (titanium diboride) by thermally spraying a powder mixture of T? B2 and a metal component on a substrate. Suitable and the coated article thus produced Background of the Invention Titanium diboride is a very hard refractory compound with excellent anti-wear and corrosion and erosion properties It also exhibits good electrical and thermal conductivity Various processes have been developed to produce coatings based on titanium diboride , including chemical vapor deposition (DQV) dusting, electronic deposit, plasma spray synthesis and plasma spray of powders containing T? B2 The last method of thermal spraying, has only been moderately successful to produce useful coatings To a large extent, this it is due to the very high melting point (approximately 300 ° C) of T? B2 and its chemical characteristics As a result, only useful coatings have been produced with fractions of relatively low volumes of T? B2 by this technique. The normal method of the state of the art for producing powder by thermal spraying, containing T? B2, is use mechanical mixtures of T? B2 and a metallic alloy For these purposes a variety of metallic alloys, usually based on iron or nickel, have been used. To improve the microstructure of the resultant coatings by reducing the particle size of titanium diboride and improving its trapping in the coating, the mechanical alloy of the powders has been investigated. Using this technique, T? B2 coatings have been formed with up to 12% by weight (approximately 19 5% by volume) Mechanically mixed powders of TiB2 with metallic additions, have produced coatings on various substrates. These coatings are relatively porous, and, except for those that had an alloy containing boron as a matrix, the hardness of the coatings were very low For those coatings that had boron, the increased hardness was attributed to a relatively hard matrix. One objective of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a coating based on TiB2 of the concreted T? B2 powders. object of the invention to provide a substrate with a coating based on T? B 2 having a high density containing a high volume fraction of finely dispersed TiB2 particles The above and additional objects and advantages of this invention will be apparent from the consideration of the following description Summary of the Invention The invention relates to a method for producing a coating based on TiB2, on a substrate comprising the steps of: (a) concreting a powder mixture of TiB2 with powders of a metal component selected from the group consisting of at least one elemental metal, at least one metal alloy and mixtures thereof, to produce a particular product; (b) reducing the specific product of step (a) to powder; and (c) thermally depositing the powders of step (b) on a substrate to produce a coated article based on TiB2. The substrates suitable for use in this invention can be selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel, cobalt, aluminum, copper , titanium and alloys thereof It has been found that thermal spraying of TiB2-based coatings with a superior microstructure, ie, one with a high density containing a high volume fraction of finely dispersed T? B2 particles, may be better achieved by first concreting a mixture of TiB2 with a metallic matrix, subsequently reducing the concreted product to the scale of desired powder size, and then by thermal spraying. In some cases, it has been found that even better results can be achievedmixing T? B2 with elemental powders in the appropriate proportions to achieve the final metallic alloy required after concretion, instead of using a previously alloyed metal component as a precursor for the concreted T? B2 based coatings of this invention, of a hard phase of T? B2 with volume percentage greater than 50, in a metal or metal alloy matrix, and preferably a hard phase of T? B2 with a volume percentage greater than 60. Preferably, the porosity of the coatings of this invention will be less than 3.0%, more preferably less than 2.5%, and even more preferably less than 2.0%. Preferably, the weight percent of T? B2 could be from 40% by weight to 80%. by weight, of the total weight of the powders in step (b), more preferably 50% by weight to 70% by weight and even more preferably 50% by weight to 60% by weight The scale of the powder size of the product concreted reduced, p could have a "Tyler" mesh size between -140 and +1250 and more preferably, a "Tyler" mesh size between -325 and +600 The specific metal matrix to be used in the coating will depend on the application and environment Specifics in which the coatings are to be used For example, coatings based on T? B2, could be suitable for use in applications of resistance against wear, corrosion and / or erosion The preferred metal matrix for the component of? B2 of the coating of this invention could be selected from, at least one of the group consisting of nickel, chromium, iron, cobalt, molybdenum and alloys thereof The concreted product of step (b), can be prepared by heating the mixture of T B2 and the metallic matrix component at a temperature between 850 ° C and 1600 ° C and preferably between 1000 ° C and 1400 ° C Preferably, the mixture should be concreted in a vacuum environment, such as a horn or of vacuum. The concreted product can be crushed to a desirable size, depending on the characteristics of coatings to be used in a specific application. Although the coatings of the present invention are preferably applied by detonation or spray tank in plasma, it is possible to employ other spraying techniques such as, for example, methods of spraying by combustion at high speeds (including spraying with a hypersonic jet), flame spraying and plasma spraying at high speeds so called (including methods of low pressure or vacuum spraying). employ other techniques to deposit the coatings of the present invention as will occur to those skilled in the art. Brief Description of the Drawings Figures 1A 1B and 1C show the cyclic potentiodynamic corrosion curves, for various coatings based on titanium diboride EXAMPLE For demonstrate the superior unique properties of the rev Stretches formed by the method of this invention, were produced a number of coatings of T? B2 sprayed with plasma with both powders of T? B2-metals concreted and mechanically alloyed The characteristics of mtcroestructuras hardness, wear of abrasive with low effort, wear to The friction, erosive wear, bond strength, and corrosion of these coatings were determined and compared with other hard coatings. The compositions of the specific coatings used for these evaluations, are shown in Table I Consist of powders concreted with an overall composition of T? B2-30Ni, TiB2-24Ni-6Cr, TiB2-32Ni-8Cr, TiB2-40Ni-10Cr, and TiB2-32Cr-8MO; and mechanically alloyed powders of TiB2-60 (80Ni-20Cr) and TiB2-32N? -8Cr and mechanically mixed alloys of T? B2 + 30N ?. TiB? -25NÍB and T? B2 + 20N? The concretion was carried out in a vacuum oven at 1150 ° C-1400 ° C for several hours, depending on the melting temperature of the metallic powder materials. The mechanical alloy was carried out by dry milling powders with carbide balls of tungsten or stirred stainless steel, at high speed, in a disintegrator The resulting powders were crushed when necessary, and sized to the size of -325 mesh powder for plasma spraying. Scanning electron microscopy, revealed that the alloyed powders mechanically they were wrapped in a metallic alloy as a result of repeated cold welding and disintegration, as expected. The concreted powders showed a uniform distribution of the constituents, as desired. The microstructures of the coatings, produced with both concreted powders and mechanically alloyed powders, were superior to those produced with mechanically mixed powders. The coatings produced with the mechanically mixed powders had much higher porosities than those produced with powders, either , or mechanically alloyed (greater than 3.5% against less than 2.5%). Typically, the coatings deposited with mechanically alloyed powders consisted of very fine particles of titanium diboride dispersed through the coating, while those produced with concreted powders had relatively larger particles of titanium diboride, and large non-molten metal particles. properties of coatings formed using powders prepared by the different techniques, were compared in a series of experiments Experimental Group 1. The properties of coatings of
TiB2-32N? -8Cr, produced using mechanically concreted and alloyed powders were compared with mechanically blended powders and the results are shown in Tables I and II The transverse microhardnesses of these coatings were measured using the "ASTM" Normal Test Method B 76-83 The alumina used in this test was nominally 27 micrometers at a particle velocity of 120 m / s. Erosion was measured at both 30 ° and 90 ° impact angles. The bond strength of the coatings was measured using the Normal Test Method of "ASTM" 633-79. The results of these tests are summarized in Table II for coating numbers from 1 to 9 of Table I. The superiority of coatings formed from concreted powders, compared with those that are mechanically mixed in a simple manner, is easily evident, comparing , for example, coatings of T? B2-30N? The hardness of the concreted coating is almost three times that of the mechanically mixed coating, although the abrasion resistance of sand and the low angle erosion are also substantially higher The relative superiority of coatings produced using concreted powders, compared with those used mechanically alloyed powders, it is evident by comparing the different properties of the concreted coating of T? B2-32N? -8Cr with the mechanically alloyed coating of T? B2-32N? -8Cr as shown in Table II Experimental Group 2 Cyclic potentiodynamic studies of the corrosion characteristics of coatings 3, 7 and 9 in Table I, were evaluated using test techniques described in the "ASTM" Designation G61-86 (Designation G61-86 of the Annual Book of Standards of "ASTM", ASTM "03 02, Philadelphia, PA, USA 1992) In this test, the coatings were applied to stainless steel substrates of 316 The electrolyte was H2SO 1 N The results are shown in Figures 1A, 1B and 1C From these data, it can be seen that the corrosion rate of the coating of this invention is substantially lower than the coatings formed by the prior art. Experimental Group 3 Residual stress is an important property of all thermal spray coatings Residual stress is present, virtually, in all coatings deposited as a result of cooling the molten powder drops by impact on a substrate essentially at room temperature, and the cooling particles try to shrink while they are attached to a relatively rigid substrate. The result, almost invariably, is a tensile stress in the coating when using plasma spray tank, and most other thermal spraying processes. it increases as the thickness of the coating increases until the coating eventually cracks A means to measure such stress is by measuring the change in the crystal lattice space using X-ray diffraction When this is done on a specimen of T? B2-32N? -8Cr coating concretely (Coating 3), surprisingly, a high sympathetic effort was found, instead of tensile stress of 297 + 78 MPa Experimental Group 4 A plasma sprayed coating of this invention was compared to normal detonation gun coatings in a test of wear of the block-on-ring adhesive (ASTM D2714-88) coupled against the 2024-T4 aluminum alloy blocks The specific coating of this invention, T? B2-32N? -8Cr concreted, was applied to the rings and connected by ground to a surface with roughness of 4572-5842 μcm RA The test was operated at 180 rpm under a load of 405 kg at 5,400 revolutions using four different milling lubricants. The results are shown in Table III The performance of the plasma spray coating is remarkably similar, even higher in some lubricants, for detonation gun coatings, which are currently the normal standards of excellence in the industry. specific embodiments of this invention have been described, it should be understood that various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. TABLE I Number of Composition Method of Reverse Porosity Dust Powder% by Weight%
1 Concreted (ST) T? B2-30N? 2 5% 2 Concreted (ST) T? B2-24N? -6Cr 1 5% 3 Concreted (ST) T? B2-32N? -8Cr < 1% 4 Concreted (ST) T? B2-40N? -1 OCr > 1% 5 Concreted (ST) T? B2-32Cr-8Mo 6 Alloy Mee (AM) T? B2-60 (80N? -20Cr) < 1% 7 Alloy Mee (AM) T? B2-32N? -8Cr < 1% 8 Mixed Mee (MM) T? B2 + 30N? 9 Mixed Mee (MM) T? B2 + 25N? B 6% 10 Mixed Mee (MM) T? B2 + 20N? 3 5% TABLE II
BOX lll Widths (cm) of Signs of Block Wear 40.5 kg, 180 rpm, 5,400 rev
*
Coating Type A B C D
WC-22Cr-5Ni (PD) 0.46 0.603 0.38 U 529
WC-14Co (PD) 0.41 0.58 0.23 0 26
TÍB2-32Ni-8Cr (RP) 0.38 0 167 0 38 0 28
PD = Detonating gun reservoir RP = Plasma spray tank
Claims (1)
- CLAIMS 1. A method for producing a coating based on TiB2 on a substrate comprising the steps: (a) concreting a mixture of TiB2 powders with powders of a metal component selected from the group consisting of at least one elemental metal, at least one alloy of metal and mixtures thereof to produce a particular product, (b) reducing the concreted product of step (a) to powders, and (c) thermally depositing the powders of step (b) on a substrate for producing a coated article based on TiB2 2 The method of claim 1, wherein the metal component is selected from the group consisting of nickel, chromium, iron, molybdenum, cobalt and alloys thereof The method of claim 1 , in which the mixture of T? B2 powders with the metallic component, is heated to between 850 ° C and 1600 ° C The method of claim 3, wherein the mixture of TiB2 powders with the metal component is heated to between 1000 ° C and 1400 ° C. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (b), the concreted product is reduced to a powder on a scale between "Tyler" mesh size of -140 and "Tyler" mesh size of +1250. The method of claim 5, wherein in step (b), the concreted product is reduced to a powder on a scale between "Tyier" mesh size of -325 and "Tyier" mesh size of + 600 The method of claim 5, wherein the mixture of TiB2 powders with the metal component is heated to between 1000 ° C and 1400 ° C. The method of claim 1, wherein the pass powders ( b), are thermally deposited on a substrate to produce a coating based on TiB2 selected from the group of coatings consisting of TiB2-30Ni; TiB2-24Ni-6Cr; TiB2-32Ni-8Cr; TiB2-40Ni-1 OCr; and TiB2-32Cr-8Mo. The method of claim 8, wherein the coating based on TiB2, is selected from the coating group consisting of TiB2-32N? -8Cr and-TiB2-24Ni-6Cr The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate is selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel, cobalt, aluminum, copper, titanium and alloys thereof The method of claim 10, wherein the substrate is iron and iron alloys and the coating based on TiB2 is TiB2-32Ni-8Cr 12 The method of claim 10, wherein the substrate is nickel or nickel alloys and the coating based on TiB2 is T¡B2-32Ni-8Cr. The method of claim 10, wherein the substrate is cobalt or cobalt alloys and the coating based on TiB2 is T¡B2-32Ni-8Cr. 14. The method of claim 10, in which he. Substrate is titanium or titanium alloys and the coating based on TiB2 is TiB2-32Ni-8Cr. 15. An article coated with TiB2-M comprises a substrate coated with a coating, wherein the M of the coating represents a matrix which contains TiB2 particles and said TiB2 particles are present in an amount greater than 50 by volume percent of the coating 16 The T? B2-M coated article of claim 15, wherein the TiB2 particles are present in an amount greater than 60 volume percent of the coating 17 The article coated with T? B2 of claim 15, wherein the coating is selected from the group consisting of T? B2-30N ?, T? B2-24N? -6Cr; T? B2-32Ni-8Cr, TiB2-40N? -10Cr, and T? B2-32Cr-8M0 18 The T? B2-M coated article of claim 15, wherein the substrate is selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel, cobalt, titanium, aluminum and copper and alloys thereof. The TiB2-M coated article of claim 15, wherein the substrate is iron and iron alloy and the coating is TiB2-32N? -8Cr The TiB2 coated article of claim 15, wherein the substrate It is nickel or nickel alloy and the coating is TiB2-32Ni-8Cr
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US48966495A | 1995-06-12 | 1995-06-12 | |
| US489664 | 1995-06-12 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| MXPA96002104A true MXPA96002104A (en) | 1998-04-01 |
| MX9602104A MX9602104A (en) | 1998-04-30 |
Family
ID=23944763
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| MX9602104A MX9602104A (en) | 1995-06-12 | 1996-05-31 | Method for producing a tib2-based coating and the coated article so produced. |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5837327A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0748879B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3091690B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2177921C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69601829T2 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX9602104A (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19714433C2 (en) * | 1997-04-08 | 2002-08-01 | Celanese Ventures Gmbh | Process for producing a coating with a titanium boride content of at least 80% by weight |
| DE19714432C2 (en) * | 1997-04-08 | 2000-07-13 | Aventis Res & Tech Gmbh & Co | Carrier body with a protective coating and use of the coated carrier body |
| KR100724070B1 (en) * | 1999-10-12 | 2007-06-04 | 도토기키 가부시키가이샤 | Composite structured material and method for preparation thereof and apparatus for preparation thereof |
| US7316724B2 (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2008-01-08 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Multi-scale cermets for high temperature erosion-corrosion service |
| US7175687B2 (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2007-02-13 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Advanced erosion-corrosion resistant boride cermets |
| US7638477B2 (en) | 2005-03-09 | 2009-12-29 | Alberto-Culver Company | Sustained-release fragrance delivery system |
| US7731776B2 (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2010-06-08 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Bimodal and multimodal dense boride cermets with superior erosion performance |
| US8034153B2 (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2011-10-11 | Momentive Performances Materials, Inc. | Wear resistant low friction coating composition, coated components, and method for coating thereof |
| US8114473B2 (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2012-02-14 | Toto Ltd. | Composite structure and production method thereof |
| BR112012002034B1 (en) * | 2009-07-28 | 2019-11-05 | Alcoa Inc | electrode for use in an aluminum electrolysis cell, aluminum electrolysis cell, process for electrode production, composition and use of an electrode |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS55145145A (en) * | 1979-04-27 | 1980-11-12 | Noboru Ichiyama | Titanium diboride-base sintered hard alloy |
| BR8207776A (en) * | 1981-07-01 | 1983-05-31 | Diamond Shamrock Corp | ELECTRIC ALUMINUM PRODUCTION |
| DE3509242A1 (en) * | 1985-03-14 | 1986-09-18 | Hermann C. Starck Berlin, 1000 Berlin | METHOD FOR PRODUCING SURFACE PROTECTIVE LAYERS WITH NIOB OR TANTAL |
| CH668776A5 (en) * | 1986-02-05 | 1989-01-31 | Castolin Sa | METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN EROSION-RESISTANT SURFACE LAYER ON A METAL WORKPIECE. |
| US4975621A (en) * | 1989-06-26 | 1990-12-04 | Union Carbide Corporation | Coated article with improved thermal emissivity |
| FR2691478B1 (en) * | 1992-05-22 | 1995-02-17 | Neyrpic | Metallic coatings based on amorphous alloys resistant to wear and corrosion, ribbons obtained from these alloys, process for obtaining and applications to wear-resistant coatings for hydraulic equipment. |
-
1996
- 1996-05-31 CA CA002177921A patent/CA2177921C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-05-31 MX MX9602104A patent/MX9602104A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-01 EP EP96108817A patent/EP0748879B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-01 DE DE69601829T patent/DE69601829T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-06-03 JP JP08160463A patent/JP3091690B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-01-10 US US08/782,200 patent/US5837327A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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